Selective breeding for endurance running capacity affects cognitive but not motor learning in rats

Physiology and Behavior

Volumn 106, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 95-100

  Wikgren, Jan ^a   Mertikas, Georgios G ^a   Raussi, Pekka ^a   Tirkkonen, Riina ^a   Äyräväinen, Laura ^a   Pelto Huikko, Markku ^b   Koch, Lauren G ^c   Britton, Steven L ^c   Kainulainen, Heikki ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ   (Finland)

^b TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Finland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Aerobic capacity; Classical conditioning; T maze

Indexed keywords

AEROBIC CAPACITY; AGILITY; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BREEDING; COGNITION; CONDITIONING; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENDURANCE; FEMALE; LEARNING; MALE; MAZE TEST; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; NONHUMAN; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; ROTAROD TEST; RUNNING; SELECTIVE BREEDING; TREADMILL EXERCISE;

ANIMALS; BREEDING; CONDITIONING, CLASSICAL; DISCRIMINATION LEARNING; FEMALE; MAZE LEARNING; PHYSICAL CONDITIONING, ANIMAL; PHYSICAL ENDURANCE; RATS; RATS, INBRED STRAINS; ROTAROD PERFORMANCE TEST; RUNNING;

EID: 84856609854     PISSN: 00319384     EISSN: 1873507X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.01.011     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Abbatecola A.M., Oliveri F., Corsonello A., Antonicelli R., Corica F., Lattanzio F. Genome-wide association studies: is there a genotype for cognitive decline in older persons with type 2 diabetes?. Curr Pharm Des 2011, 17:347-356.
2. Bruel-Jungerman E., Laroche S., Rampon C. New neurons in the dentate gyrus are involved in the expression of enhanced long-term memory following environmental enrichment. Eur J Neurosci 2005, 21:513-521.
3. Carro E., Nunez A., Busiguina S., Torres-Aleman I. Circulating insulin-like growth factor I mediates effects of exercise on the brain. J Neurosci 2000, 20:2926-2933.
4. Catling D.C., Glein C.R., Zahnle K.J., McKay C.P. Why O2 is required by complex life on habitable planets and the concept of planetary "oxygenation time". Astrobiology 2005, 5:415-438.
5. Colcombe S., Kramer A.F. Fitness effects on the cognitive function of older adults: a meta-analytic study. Psychol Sci 2003, 14:125-130.
6. Cox D., Gonder-Frederick L., McCall A., Kovatchev B., Clarke W. The effects of glucose fluctuation on cognitive function and QOL: the functional costs of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia among adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Int J Clin Pract Suppl 2002, 129:20-26.
7. Ding Q., Vaynman S., Akhavan M., Ying Z., Gomez-Pinilla F. Insulin-like growth factor I interfaces with brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated synaptic plasticity to modulate aspects of exercise-induced cognitive function. Neuroscience 2006, 140:823-833.
8. Falkowski P.G., Katz M.E., Milligan A.J., Fennel K., Cramer B.S., Aubry M.P., et al. The rise of oxygen over the past 205millionyears and the evolution of large placental mammals. Science 2005, 309:2202-2204.
9. Gold P.E. Role of glucose in regulating the brain and cognition. Am J Clin Nutr 1995, 61:987S-995S.
10. Gomez-Pinilla F., Zhuang Y., Feng J., Ying Z., Fan G. Exercise impacts brain-derived neurotrophic factor plasticity by engaging mechanisms of epigenetic regulation. Eur J Neurosci 2010, 33:383-390.
11. Green J.T., Chess A.C., Burns M., Schachinger K.M., Thanellou A. The effects of two forms of physical activity on eyeblink classical conditioning. Behav Brain Res 2011, 219:165-174.
12. Howlett R.A., Kirkton S.D., Gonzalez N.C., Wagner H.E., Britton S.L., Koch L.G., et al. Peripheral oxygen transport and utilization in rats following continued selective breeding for endurance running capacity. J Appl Physiol 2009, 106:1819-1825.
13. Kehagia A.A., Murray G.K., Robbins T.W. Learning and cognitive flexibility: frontostriatal function and monoaminergic modulation. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2010, 20:199-204.
14. Kempermann G., Kuhn H.G., Gage F.H. More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment. Nature 1997, 386:493-495.
15. Kinni H., Guo M., Ding J.Y., Konakondla S., Dornbos D., Tran R., et al. Cerebral metabolism after forced or voluntary physical exercise. Brain Res 2011, 1388:48-55.
16. Kivela R., Silvennoinen M., Lehti M., Rinnankoski-Tuikka R., Purhonen T., Ketola T., et al. Gene expression centroids that link with low intrinsic aerobic exercise capacity and complex disease risk. FASEB J 2010, 24:4565-4574.
17. Koch L.G., Britton S.L. Artificial selection for intrinsic aerobic endurance running capacity in rats. Physiol Genomics 2001, 5:45-52.
18. Koch L.G., Britton S.L. Development of animal models to test the fundamental basis of gene-environment interactions. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008, 16(Suppl 3):S28-S32.
19. Koch L.G., Britton S.L. Aerobic metabolism underlies complexity and capacity. J Physiol 2008, 586:83-95.
20. Koch L.G., Kemi O.J., Qi N., Leng S.X., Bijma P., Gilligan L.J., et al. Intrinsic aerobic capacity sets a divide for aging and longevity. Circ Res 2011, 109:1162-1172.
21. Korol D.L., Gold P.E. Glucose, memory, and aging. Am J Clin Nutr 1998, 67:764S-771S.
22. Lustig C., Shah P., Seidler R., Reuter-Lorenz P.A. Aging, training, and the brain: a review and future directions. Neuropsychol Rev 2009, 19:504-522.
23. Mootha V.K., Lindgren C.M., Eriksson K.F., Subramanian A., Sihag S., Lehar J., et al. PGC-1alpha-responsive genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are coordinately downregulated in human diabetes. Nat Genet 2003, 34:267-273.
24. Niblock M.M., Brunso-Bechtold J.K., Riddle D.R. Insulin-like growth factor I stimulates dendritic growth in primary somatosensory cortex. J Neurosci 2000, 20:4165-4176.
25. Olson A.K., Eadie B.D., Ernst C., Christie B.R. Environmental enrichment and voluntary exercise massively increase neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus via dissociable pathways. Hippocampus 2006, 16:250-260.
26. Packard M.G. Exhumed from thought: basal ganglia and response learning in the plus-maze. Behav Brain Res 2009, 199:24-31.
27. Rasgon N.L., Kenna H.A., Wroolie T.E., Kelley R., Silverman D., Brooks J., et al. Insulin resistance and hippocampal volume in women at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2009, 32:1942-1948.
28. Reinhardt R., Bondy C. Insulin-like growth factors cross the blood-brain barrier. Endocrinology 1994, 135:1753-1761.
29. Rolandsson O., Backestrom A., Eriksson S., Hallmans G., Nilsson L.G. Increased glucose levels are associated with episodic memory in nondiabetic women. Diabetes 2008, 57:440-443.
30. Schwarz A., Brasel J., Hintz R., Mohan S., Cooper D. Acute effect of brief low- and high-intensity exercise on circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I, II, and IGF-binding protein-3 and its proteolysis in young healthy men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996, 81:3492-3497.
31. Stranahan A.M., Mattson M.P. Bidirectional metabolic regulation of neurocognitive function. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2011, 96:507-516.
32. Szelest I., Cohen J. Effects of forced-choice runway variations on rats' T-maze serial pattern learning. Learn Behav 2006, 34:202-214.
33. van Praag H., Kempermann G., Gage F.H. Neural consequences of environmental enrichment. Nat Rev Neurosci 2000, 1:191-198.
34. Watanabe T., Miyazaki A., Katagiri T., Yamamoto H., Idei T., Iguchi T. Relationship between serum insulin-like growth factor-1 levels and Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005, 53:1748-1753.
35. Weikart C.L., Berger T.W. Hippocampal lesions disrupt classical conditioning of cross-modality reversal learning of the rabbit nictitating membrane response. Behav Brain Res 1986, 22:85-89.
36. Wisloff U., Najjar S.M., Ellingsen O., Haram P.M., Swoap S., Al-Share Q., et al. Cardiovascular risk factors emerge after artificial selection for low aerobic capacity. Science 2005, 307:418-420.