메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 30-55

Regulating nanotechnologies: Risk, uncertainty and the global governance gap

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; GOVERNANCE APPROACH; HEALTH AND SAFETY; NANOTECHNOLOGY; POLICY MAKING; PUBLIC HEALTH; REGULATORY APPROACH; RISK FACTOR; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

EID: 84855766662     PISSN: 15263800     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/GLEP_a_00096     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (91)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 84881540863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transnational Regulation of Nanotechnology: Reality or Romanticism?
    • edited by Graeme A. Hodge, Diana M. Bowman and Andrew D. Maynard, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar
    • Abbott, Kenneth W., Douglas J. Sylvester, and Gary E. Marchant. 2010. Transnational Reg- ulation of Nanotechnology: Reality or Romanticism? In International Handbook on Regulating Nanotechnologies, edited by Graeme A. Hodge, Diana M. Bowman and Andrew D. Maynard, 525-544. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
    • (2010) International Handbook On Regulating Nanotechnologies , pp. 525-544
    • Abbott, K.W.1    Douglas, J.S.2    Gary, E.M.3
  • 5
    • 34250215212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Small Matter of Regulation: An International Review of Nanotechnology Regulation
    • Bowman, Diana M. and Graeme A. Hodge. 2007. A Small Matter of Regulation: An International Review of Nanotechnology Regulation. The Columbia Science and Technology Law Review 8: 1-36.
    • (2007) The Columbia Science and TechnolOgy Law Review , vol.8 , pp. 1-36
    • Bowman, D.M.1    Hodge, G.A.2
  • 7
    • 78650986941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cientiaca, Cientiaca Report. Available online at, accessed 19 October 2011
    • Cientiaca. 2009. Nanotechnology Takes a Deep Breath and Prepares to Save the World! Cientiaca Report. Available online at: http://popnano.ru/le/Nanotechnology%20Takes%20a%20Deep%20Breath.pdf, accessed 19 October 2011.
    • (2009) Nanotechnology Takes a Deep Breath and Prepares to Save the World
  • 8
    • 0032221233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Privatization of Global Environmental Governance: ISO 14000 and the Developing World
    • Clapp, Jennifer. 1998. The Privatization of Global Environmental Governance: ISO 14000 and the Developing World. Global Governance 4 (3): 295-316.
    • (1998) Global Governance , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 295-316
    • Clapp, J.1
  • 9
    • 77955090758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in Worldwide Nanotechnology Patent Applications: 1991 to 2008
    • Dang, Yan et al. 2010. Trends in Worldwide Nanotechnology Patent Applications: 1991 to 2008. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 12 (3): 687-706.
    • (2010) Journal of Nanoparticle Research , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 687-706
    • Dang, Y.1
  • 13
    • 84855765020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opinion of the Scientiac Panel on Food additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC) on a Request Related to a 14th List of Substances for Food Contact Materials
    • EFSA, doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2007.452
    • EFSA. 2007. Opinion of the Scientiac Panel on Food additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC) on a Request Related to a 14th List of Substances for Food Contact Materials. EFSA Journal 5 (2): 452-454. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2007.452.
    • (2007) EFSA Journal , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 452-454
  • 14
    • 84855779803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientiac Opinion: Inability to Assess the Safety of a Silver Hydrosol Added for Nutritional Purposes as a Source of Silver in Food Supplements and the Bioavailability of Silver from this Source based on the Supporting Dossier
    • EFSA, doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2008.884
    • EFSA 2008a. Scientiac Opinion: Inability to Assess the Safety of a Silver Hydrosol Added for Nutritional Purposes as a Source of Silver in Food Supplements and the Bioavailability of Silver from this Source based on the Supporting Dossier. EFSA Journal 6 (12): 884. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2008.884.
    • (2008) EFSA Journal , vol.6 , Issue.12 , pp. 884
  • 15
    • 85078394410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientiac Opinion of the Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Fla- vourings and Processing Aids (CEF)
    • EFSA, doi:10.2903/ j.efsa.2008.888
    • EFSA 2008b. Scientiac Opinion of the Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Fla- vourings and Processing Aids (CEF). EFSA Journal 6 (12): 888-890. doi:10.2903/ j.efsa.2008.888.
    • (2008) EFSA Journal , vol.6 , Issue.12 , pp. 888-890
  • 19
  • 20
    • 67650348840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPA, Interim Report. Available online at, accessed 11 January 2011
    • EPA 2009a. Nanoscale Materials Stewardship Program. Interim Report. Available online at http://www.epa.gov/oppt/nano/nmsp-interim-report-nal.pdf, accessed 11 January 2011.
    • (2009) Nanoscale Materials Stewardship Program
  • 21
    • 79959298085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPA, Available online at, accessed 11 January 2011
    • EPA 2009b. Enhancing EPA's Chemical Management Program. Available online at http://www.epa.gov/oppt/existingchemicals/pubs/Existing.Chem.Fact.sheet.pdf, accessed 11 January 2011.
    • (2009) Enhancing EPA's Chemical Management Program
  • 22
    • 22744455015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Commission, Communication from the Commission, COM(2004) 338 anal
    • European Commission. 2004. Towards a European Strategy for Nanotechnology. Communication from the Commission COM(2004) 338 anal.
    • (2004) Towards a European Strategy For Nanotechnology
  • 27
    • 84855813267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on Cosmetics Products
    • European Parliament and Council L342/59
    • European Parliament and Council. 2009. Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on Cosmetics Products. Ofacial Journal of the European Union L342/59.
    • Ofacial Journal of the European Union
  • 31
    • 84855789486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FDA, Nanotechnology. A Report of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Nanotechnology Task Force
    • FDA. 2007. Nanotechnology. A Report of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Nanotechnology Task Force.
    • (2007)
  • 32
    • 1442297613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sound Science, Problematic Publics? Contrasting Representations of Risk and Uncertainty
    • Gaskell, George, and Nick Allum. 2001. Sound Science, Problematic Publics? Contrasting Representations of Risk and Uncertainty. Politeia 17 (63): 13-25.
    • (2001) Politeia , vol.17 , Issue.63 , pp. 13-25
    • Gaskell, G.1    Allum, N.2
  • 33
    • 84855788470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GAO, FDA Should Strengthen Its Oversight of Food Ingredients Determined to Be Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). GAO-10-246
    • GAO. 2010. FDA Should Strengthen Its Oversight of Food Ingredients Determined to Be Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). GAO-10-246.
    • (2010)
  • 37
    • 84855815933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ICON, Available online at, accessed 18 October 2011
    • ICON. 2008. Towards Predicting Nano-Biointeractions ICON Report 4. Available online at: www.cohesion.rice.edu/./ICON/./ICON_RNA_Report_Exec_Summ2.pdf, ac- cessed 18 October 2011.
    • (2008) Towards Predicting Nano-Biointeractions ICON Report 4
  • 38
    • 84855789488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IFCS, Final Report, Sixth Session of the Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety. IFCS/FORUM-VI/07w
    • IFCS. 2008. Final Report, Sixth Session of the Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety. IFCS/FORUM-VI/07w.
    • (2008)
  • 39
    • 84855813275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary of the Sixth Session of the Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety: 15-19 September 2008
    • IISD
    • IISD. 2008. Summary of the Sixth Session of the Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety: 15-19 September 2008. Earth Negotiations Bulletin 15 (160): 1-12.
    • (2008) Earth Negotiations Bulletin , vol.15 , Issue.160 , pp. 1-12
  • 40
    • 84855800159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Center for Technology Assessment, et al, Available at, ac- cessed 11 January 2011
    • International Center for Technology Assessment, et al. 2008. Petition for Rulemaking Requesting EPA Regulate Nano-Silver Products as Pesticides. Available at http://icta.org/nanoaction/doc/CTA_nano-silver%20petition__nal_5_1_08.pdf, ac- cessed 11 January 2011.
    • (2008) Petition For Rulemaking Requesting EPA Regulate Nano-Silver Products As Pesticides
  • 41
    • 84855813274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IRGC, Nanotechnology Risk Governance: Recommendations for a Global, Coordinated Approach to the Governance of Potential Risks. IRGC Policy Brief. Geneva: International Risk Governance Council
    • IRGC. 2007. Nanotechnology Risk Governance: Recommendations for a Global, Coordinated Approach to the Governance of Potential Risks. IRGC Policy Brief. Geneva: International Risk Governance Council.
    • (2007)
  • 42
    • 84855776103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanotechnology: How to Avoid International Trade Conoicts
    • Jaspers, Nico. 2010. Nanotechnology: How to Avoid International Trade Conoicts. European Journal of Risk Regulation 2: 167-173.
    • (2010) European Journal of Risk Regulation , vol.2 , pp. 167-173
    • Jaspers, N.1
  • 43
    • 77649228462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trading Places: The Role of the United States and the European Union in International Environmental Politics
    • Kelemen, R. Daniel, and David Vogel. 2010. Trading Places: The Role of the United States and the European Union in International Environmental Politics. Comparative Political Studies 43 (4): 427-456.
    • (2010) Comparative Political Studies , vol.43 , Issue.4 , pp. 427-456
    • Kelemen, R.D.1    Vogel, D.2
  • 44
    • 84855788473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental Impacts of Nanosilver
    • Available online at, accessed 11 January 2011
    • Kulinowski, Kristen. 2008. Environmental Impacts of Nanosilver. An ICON Backgrounder. Available online at http://cohesion.rice.edu/centersandinst/icon/resources.cfm?doc_id12722, accessed 11 January 2011.
    • (2008) An ICON Backgrounder
    • Kristen, K.1
  • 45
    • 77952919492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unpackaging Synthetic Biology: Identiacation of Oversight Policy Problems and Options
    • Kuzma, Jennifer, and Todd Tanji. 2010. Unpackaging Synthetic Biology: Identiacation of Oversight Policy Problems and Options. Regulation & Governance 4 (1): 92-112.
    • (2010) Regulation & Governance , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 92-112
    • Kuzma, J.1    Tanji, T.2
  • 46
    • 84855764915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanomaterials State of the Market Q3 2008: Stealth Success, Broad Impact. Available online at, accessed 11 January 2011
    • Lux Research. 2008. Nanomaterials State of the Market Q3 2008: Stealth Success, Broad Impact. Available online at http://www.luxresearchinc.com/press/RELEASE_Nano-SMR_7_22_08.pdf, accessed 11 January 2011.
    • (2008) Lux Research
  • 47
    • 33751211183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transnational Models for Regulation of Nanotechnology
    • Marchant, Gary E., and Douglas J. Sylvester. 2006. Transnational Models for Regulation of Nanotechnology. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 34 (4): 714-725.
    • (2006) Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics , vol.34 , Issue.4 , pp. 714-725
    • Marchant, G.E.1    Sylvester, D.J.2
  • 48
    • 84855788472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanoparticle Exposure and Occupational Lung Disease-Six Expert Perspectives on a New Clinical Study
    • 18 August. Available online at, accessed 11 January 2011
    • Maynard, Andrew. 2009. Nanoparticle Exposure and Occupational Lung Disease-Six Expert Perspectives on a New Clinical Study. Safenano Community. 18 August. Available online at http://community.safenano.org/blogs/andrew_maynard/archive/ 2009/08/18/nanoparticle-exposure-and-occupational-lung-disease-six-expertperspectives-on-a-new-clinical-study.aspx, accessed 11 January 2011.
    • (2009) Safenano Community
  • 49
    • 46549085812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Globalization at the Nano Frontier: The Future of Nanotechnology Policy in the United States, China, and India
    • Michelson, Evan. S. 2008. Globalization at the Nano Frontier: The Future of Nanotechnology Policy in the United States, China, and India. Technology in Society 30 (3-4): 405-410.
    • (2008) Technology In Society , vol.30 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 405-410
    • Michelson, E.S.1
  • 50
    • 11844299672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Interactions with Human Epidermal Keratinocytes
    • Monteiro-Riviere Nancy, et al. 2005. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Interactions with Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Toxicology Letters. 155 (3): 377-384.
    • (2005) Toxicology Letters , vol.155 , Issue.3 , pp. 377-384
    • Nancy, M.1
  • 51
    • 0040485175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seizing the Future: The South, Sustainable Development and International Trade
    • Najam, Adil, and Nick Robins. 2001. Seizing the Future: The South, Sustainable Development and International Trade. International Affairs 77 (1): 49-68.
    • (2001) International Affairs , vol.77 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-68
    • Najam, A.1    Robins, N.2
  • 52
    • 84855788474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OECD, ENV/JM (2004)32, quoted in Small Sizes That Matter: Opportunities and Risks of Nanotechnologies. Allianz Report in co-operation with the OECD International Futures Programme. Available online at, accessed 11 January 2011
    • OECD. 2004. Nanotechnology: Emerging safety issues? ENV/JM (2004)32, quoted in Small Sizes That Matter: Opportunities and Risks of Nanotechnologies. Allianz Report in co-operation with the OECD International Futures Programme. Available online at http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/32/1/44108334.pdf, accessed 11 January 2011.
    • (2004) Nanotechnology: Emerging Safety Issues?
  • 53
    • 84855789492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OECD, Current Developments/Activities on the Safety of Manufactured Nanomaterials. Tour de Table at the 7th Meeting of the Working Party on Manufac- tured Nanomaterials. Paris, France, 7-9 July 2010 (ENV/JM/MONO(2010)42). Paris: OECD
    • OECD. 2010. Current Developments/Activities on the Safety of Manufactured Nanomaterials. Tour de Table at the 7th Meeting of the Working Party on Manufac- tured Nanomaterials. Paris, France, 7-9 July 2010 (ENV/JM/MONO(2010)42). Paris: OECD.
    • (2010)
  • 54
    • 46749153312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon Nanotubes Introduced Into the Abdominal Cavity of Mice Show Asbestos-Like Pathogenicity in a Pilot Study
    • Poland, Craig A. et al. 2008. Carbon Nanotubes Introduced Into the Abdominal Cavity of Mice Show Asbestos-Like Pathogenicity in a Pilot Study. Nature Nanotechnology 3 (7):423-428.
    • (2008) Nature Nanotechnology , vol.3 , Issue.7 , pp. 423-428
    • Poland, C.A.1
  • 55
    • 85044794095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of Legitimacy and Efacacy in International Environ- mental Management Standards: The Impact of the Participation Gap
    • Raines, Susan S. 2003. Perceptions of Legitimacy and Efacacy in International Environmental Management Standards: The Impact of the Participation Gap. Global Environmental Politics 3 (3): 47-73.
    • (2003) Global Environmental Politics , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 47-73
    • Raines, S.S.1
  • 56
    • 33746908517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanotechnology and the Need for Risk Governance
    • Renn, Ortwin and Mihail C. Roco 2006. Nanotechnology and the Need for Risk Gover- nance. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 8 (153): 156-163.
    • (2006) Journal of Nanoparticle Research , vol.8 , Issue.153 , pp. 156-163
    • Renn, O.1    Roco, M.C.2
  • 61
    • 84855813273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SCENIHR, The Appropriateness of Existing Methodologies to Assess the Potential Risks Associated with Engineered and Adventitious Products of Nanotechnologies. SCENIHR/002/05
    • SCENIHR. 2006. The Appropriateness of Existing Methodologies to Assess the Potential Risks Associated with Engineered and Adventitious Products of Nanotechnologies. SCENIHR/002/05.
    • (2006)
  • 63
    • 70249149182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to Nanoparticles is Related to Pleural Effusion, Pulmonary Fibrosis and Granuloma
    • Song, Y., et al. 2009. Exposure to Nanoparticles is Related to Pleural Effusion, Pulmonary Fibrosis and Granuloma. European Respiratory Journal 34 (3): 559-567.
    • (2009) European Respiratory Journal , vol.34 , Issue.3 , pp. 559-567
    • Song, Y.1
  • 64
    • 34047101420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk, Precaution and Science: Towards a More Constructive Policy Debate
    • Stirling, Andrew. 2007. Risk, Precaution and Science: Towards a More Constructive Policy Debate. EMBO Rep 8 (4): 309-315.
    • (2007) EMBO Rep , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 309-315
    • Stirling, A.1
  • 65
    • 40349113411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of Mesothelioma in p53 /? Mouse by Intraperitoneal Application of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotube
    • Takagi, Atsuya et al. 2008. Induction of Mesothelioma in p53 /? Mouse by Intraperitoneal Application of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotube. Journal of Toxicological Sciences 33 (1): 105-116.
    • (2008) Journal of Toxicological Sciences , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 105-116
    • Takagi, A.1
  • 66
    • 33745624798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Precautionary Principle and the Un- certainty Paradox
    • Van Asselt, Marjolein B. A., and Ellen Vos. 2006. The Precautionary Principle and the Un- certainty Paradox. Journal of Risk Research 9 (4): 313-336.
    • (2006) Journal of Risk Research , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 313-336
    • Asselt, V.1    Marjolein, B.A.2    Vos, E.3
  • 68
    • 33645854869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade and the Environment in the Global Economy: Contrasting European and American Perspectives, edited by Norman J. Vig and Michael G. Faure, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Vogel, David. 2004. Trade and the Environment in the Global Economy: Contrasting European and American Perspectives. In Green Giants? Environmental Policies of the United States and the European Union, edited by Norman J. Vig and Michael G. Faure, 231-252. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    • (2004) Green Giants? Environmental Policies of the United States and The European Union , pp. 231-252
    • Vogel, D.1
  • 70
    • 4744367027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Myth of Science as a "Neutral Arbiter" for Triggering Precau tions
    • Walker, Vern R. 2003. The Myth of Science as a "Neutral Arbiter" for Triggering Precau tions. Boston College International and Comparative Law Review 26 (2): 197-228.
    • (2003) Boston College International and Comparative Law Review , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-228
    • Walker, V.R.1
  • 71
    • 47249108263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precaution
    • edited by Daniel Bodansky, Jutta Brunnée and Ellen Hey, Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Wiener, Jonathan B. 2007. Precaution. In The Oxford Handbook of International Environ- mental Law, edited by Daniel Bodansky, Jutta Brunnée and Ellen Hey, 597-612. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (2007) The Oxford Handbook of International Environ- Mental Law , pp. 597-612
    • Wiener, J.B.1
  • 72
    • 85023991986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing Precaution in the United States and Europe
    • Wiener, Jonathan B., and Michael D. Rogers. 2002. Comparing Precaution in the United States and Europe. Journal of Risk Research 5 (4): 317-349.
    • (2002) Journal of Risk Research , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 317-349
    • Wiener, J.B.1    Rogers, M.D.2
  • 73
    • 24644500697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjudicating the GM Food Wars: Science, Risk, and Democracy in World Trade Law
    • Winickoff, David, Sheila Jasanoff, et al. 2005. Adjudicating the GM Food Wars: Science, Risk, and Democracy in World Trade Law. Yale Journal of International Law 30 (1): 81-123.
    • (2005) Yale Journal of International Law , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-123
    • Winickoff, D.1    Jasanoff, S.2
  • 74
    • 21844517223 scopus 로고
    • The Role of Science in the Uruguay Round and NAFTA Trade Disci- plines
    • Wirth, David A. 1994. The Role of Science in the Uruguay Round and NAFTA Trade Disci- plines. Cornell International Law Journal 27 (3): 817-859.
    • (1994) Cornell International Law Journal , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 817-859
    • Wirth, D.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.