메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 69-77

The discovery and development of belimumab: The anti-BLyS-lupus connection

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GENE DISCOVERY; SURVIVAL FACTOR; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; THERAPEUTIC TARGETS; TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE; US FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION;

EID: 84855522022     PISSN: 10870156     EISSN: 15461696     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nbt.2076     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (120)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0029653613 scopus 로고
    • Initial assessment of human gene diversity and expression patterns based upon 83 million nucleotides of cDNA sequence
    • Adams, M.D. et al. Initial assessment of human gene diversity and expression patterns based upon 83 million nucleotides of cDNA sequence. Nature 377 (suppl.), 3-174 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature , vol.377 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 3-174
    • Adams, M.D.1
  • 2
    • 84855561351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Publication Number WO 98/18921 published on May 7 1998 corresponding to International Application Number PCT/US96/17957 filed October 25, 1996
    • International Publication Number WO 98/18921 published on May 7, 1998, corresponding to International Application Number PCT/US96/17957, filed October 25, 1996.
  • 4
    • 0032915632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TALL-1 is a novel member of the TNF family that is down-regulated by mitogens
    • Shu, H.-B., Hu, W.-H. & Johnson, H. TALL-1 is a novel member of the TNF family that is down-regulated by mitogens. J. Leukoc. Biol. 65, 680-683 (1999). (Pubitemid 29227061)
    • (1999) Journal of Leukocyte Biology , vol.65 , Issue.5 , pp. 680-683
    • Shu, H.-B.1    Hu, W.-H.2    Johnson, H.3
  • 5
    • 0033522907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of a novel cytokine, THANK, a TNF homologue that activates apoptosis, nuclear factor-κB, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase
    • Mukhopadhyay, A., Ni, J., Zhai, Y., Yu, G.-L. & Aggarwal, B.B. Identification and characterization of a novel cytokine, THANK, a TNF homologue that activates apoptosis, nuclear factor-κB, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 15978-15981 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 15978-15981
    • Mukhopadhyay, A.1    Ni, J.2    Zhai, Y.3    Yu, G.-L.4    Aggarwal, B.B.5
  • 10
    • 5944227779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • APRIL and TALL-1 and receptors BCMA and TACI: System for regulating humoral immunity
    • Yu, G. et al. APRIL and TALL-1 and receptors BCMA and TACI: system for regulating humoral immunity. Nat. Immunol. 1, 252-256 (2000).
    • (2000) Nat. Immunol. , vol.1 , pp. 252-256
    • Yu, G.1
  • 11
    • 0034232338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a receptor for BLyS demonstrates a crucial role in humoral immunity
    • Yan, M. et al. Identification of a receptor for BLyS demonstrates a crucial role in humoral immunity. Nat. Immunol. 1, 37-41 (2000).
    • (2000) Nat. Immunol. , vol.1 , pp. 37-41
    • Yan, M.1
  • 12
    • 0034600787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TACI is a TRAF-interacting receptor for TALL-1, a tumor necrosis factor family member involved in B cell regulation
    • Xia, X.-Z. et al. TACI is a TRAF-interacting receptor for TALL-1, a tumor necrosis factor family member involved in B cell regulation. J. Exp. Med. 192, 137-144 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Exp. Med. , vol.192 , pp. 137-144
    • Xia, X.-Z.1
  • 14
    • 0034596831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of apoptosis underlies B lymphocyte stimulator enhancement of humoral immune response
    • Do, R.K.G. et al. Attenuation of apoptosis underlies B lymphocyte stimulator enhancement of humoral immune response. J. Exp. Med. 192, 953-964 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Exp. Med. , vol.192 , pp. 953-964
    • Do, R.K.G.1
  • 15
    • 0242333962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B lymphocytes from individuals with common variable immunodeficiency respond to B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS protein) in vitro
    • DOI 10.1016/S1521-6616(03)00215-8
    • Stewart, D.M., McAvoy, M.J., Hilbert, D.M. & Nelson, D.L. B lymphocytes from individuals with common variable immunodeficiency respond to B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS protein) in vitro. Clin. Immunol. 109, 137-143 (2003). (Pubitemid 37338620)
    • (2003) Clinical Immunology , vol.109 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-143
    • Stewart, D.M.1    McAvoy, M.J.2    Hilbert, D.M.3    Nelson, D.L.4
  • 17
    • 0033428703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mice transgenic for BAFF develop lymphocytic disorders along with autoimmune manifestations
    • Mackay, F. et al. Mice transgenic for BAFF develop lymphocytic disorders along with autoimmune manifestations. J. Exp. Med. 190, 1697-1710 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Exp. Med. , vol.190 , pp. 1697-1710
    • MacKay, F.1
  • 20
    • 0034972257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated serum B lymphocyte stimulator levels in patients with systemic immune-based rheumatic diseases
    • DOI 10.1002/1529-0131(200106)44:6<1313::AID-ART223>3.0.CO;2-S
    • Cheema, G.S., Roschke, V., Hilbert, D.M. & Stohl, W. Elevated serum B lymphocyte stimulator levels in patients with systemic immune-based rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum. 44, 1313-1319 (2001). (Pubitemid 32537529)
    • (2001) Arthritis and Rheumatism , vol.44 , Issue.6 , pp. 1313-1319
    • Cheema, G.S.1    Roschke, V.2    Hilbert, D.M.3    Stohl, W.4
  • 21
    • 0034601020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BAFF binds to the tumor necrosis factor receptor-like molecule B cell maturation antigen and is important for maintaining the peripheral B cell population
    • Thompson, J.S. et al. BAFF binds to the tumor necrosis factor receptor-like molecule B cell maturation antigen and is important for maintaining the peripheral B cell population. J. Exp. Med. 192, 129-136 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Exp. Med. , vol.192 , pp. 129-136
    • Thompson, J.S.1
  • 22
    • 0034694088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BAFF mediates survival of peripheral immature B lymphocytes
    • Batten, M. et al. BAFF mediates survival of peripheral immature B lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 192, 1453-1466 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Exp. Med. , vol.192 , pp. 1453-1466
    • Batten, M.1
  • 23
    • 1842633887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced competitiveness of autoantigen-engaged B cells due to increased dependence on BAFF
    • DOI 10.1016/S1074-7613(04)00079-2, PII S1074761304000792
    • Lesley, R. et al. Reduced competitiveness of autoantigen-engaged B cells due to increased dependence on BAFF. Immunity 20, 441-453 (2004). (Pubitemid 38482122)
    • (2004) Immunity , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 441-453
    • Lesley, R.1    Xu, Y.2    Kalled, S.L.3    Hess, D.M.4    Schwab, S.R.5    Shu, H.-B.6    Cyster, J.G.7
  • 24
    • 2942518502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excess BAFF rescues self-reactive B cells from peripheral deletion and allows them to enter forbidden follicular and marginal zone niches
    • DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2004.05.010, PII S107476130400144X
    • Thien, M. et al. Excess BAFF rescues self-reactive B cells from peripheral deletion and allows them to enter forbidden follicular and marginal zone niches. Immunity 20, 785-798 (2004). (Pubitemid 38757447)
    • (2004) Immunity , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 785-798
    • Thien, M.1    Phan, T.G.2    Gardam, S.3    Amesbury, M.4    Basten, A.5    MacKay, F.6    Brink, R.7
  • 25
    • 77958120721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the B cell receptor repertoire and self-reactivity by BAFF
    • Ota, M. et al. Regulation of the B cell receptor repertoire and self-reactivity by BAFF. J. Immunol. 185, 4128-4136 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Immunol. , vol.185 , pp. 4128-4136
    • Ota, M.1
  • 26
    • 79960419023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular competition independent of BAFF/B lymphocyte stimulator results in low frequency of an autoreactive clonotype in mature polyclonal B cell compartments
    • Nikbakht, N., Migone, T.-S., Ward, C.P. & Manser, T. Cellular competition independent of BAFF/B lymphocyte stimulator results in low frequency of an autoreactive clonotype in mature polyclonal B cell compartments. J. Immunol. 187, 37-46 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Immunol. , vol.187 , pp. 37-46
    • Nikbakht, N.1    Migone, T.-S.2    Ward, C.P.3    Manser, T.4
  • 27
    • 66549130454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after rituximab therapy in HIV-negative patients: A report of 57 cases from the research on adverse drug events and reports project
    • Carson, K.R. et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after rituximab therapy in HIV-negative patients: a report of 57 cases from the Research on Adverse Drug Events and Reports project. Blood 113, 4834-4840 (2009).
    • (2009) Blood , vol.113 , pp. 4834-4840
    • Carson, K.R.1
  • 29
    • 54949141219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory B cells inhibit EAE initiation in mice while other B cells promote disease progression
    • Matsushita, T., Yanaba, K., Bouaziz, J.-D., Fujimoto, M. & Tedder, T.F. Regulatory B cells inhibit EAE initiation in mice while other B cells promote disease progression. J. Clin. Invest. 118, 3420-3430 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.118 , pp. 3420-3430
    • Matsushita, T.1    Yanaba, K.2    Bouaziz, J.-D.3    Fujimoto, M.4    Tedder, T.F.5
  • 30
    • 77954473511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective and pathogenic roles for B cells during systemic autoimmunity in NZB/W F1 mice
    • Haas, K.M. et al. Protective and pathogenic roles for B cells during systemic autoimmunity in NZB/W F1 mice. J. Immunol. 184, 4789-4800 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Immunol. , vol.184 , pp. 4789-4800
    • Haas, K.M.1
  • 31
    • 77954505663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory B cells (B10 cells) have a suppressive role in murine lupus: CD19 and B10 cell deficiency exacerbates systemic autoimmunity
    • Watanabe, R. et al. Regulatory B cells (B10 cells) have a suppressive role in murine lupus: CD19 and B10 cell deficiency exacerbates systemic autoimmunity. J. Immunol. 184, 4801-4809 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Immunol. , vol.184 , pp. 4801-4809
    • Watanabe, R.1
  • 32
    • 78751469622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a rare IL-10-competent B-cell subset in humans that parallels mouse regulatory B10 cells
    • Iwata, Y. et al. Characterization of a rare IL-10-competent B-cell subset in humans that parallels mouse regulatory B10 cells. Blood 117, 530-541 (2011).
    • (2011) Blood , vol.117 , pp. 530-541
    • Iwata, Y.1
  • 36
    • 80052293917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BAFF promotes Th17 cells and aggravates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    • Zhou, X. et al. BAFF promotes Th17 cells and aggravates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. PLoS ONE 6, e23629 (2011).
    • (2011) PLoS ONE , vol.6
    • Zhou, X.1
  • 37
    • 61449147025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerated pathological and clinical nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus-prone New Zealand Mixed 2328 mice doubly deficient in TNF receptor 1 and TNF receptor 2 via a Th17-associated pathway
    • Jacob, N. et al. Accelerated pathological and clinical nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus-prone New Zealand Mixed 2328 mice doubly deficient in TNF receptor 1 and TNF receptor 2 via a Th17-associated pathway. J. Immunol. 182, 2532-2541 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Immunol. , vol.182 , pp. 2532-2541
    • Jacob, N.1
  • 38
    • 70349238893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of IL-23/IL-17 axis in lupus nephritis
    • Zhang, Z., Kyttaris, V.C. & Tsokos, G.C. The role of IL-23/IL-17 axis in lupus nephritis. J. Immunol. 183, 3160-3169 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Immunol. , vol.183 , pp. 3160-3169
    • Zhang, Z.1    Kyttaris, V.C.2    Tsokos, G.C.3
  • 40
    • 33646827589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic administration of belimumab, a BLyS antagonist, decreases tissue and peripheral blood b-lymphocyte populations in cynomolgus monkeys: Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicologic effects
    • DOI 10.1093/toxsci/kfj148
    • Halpern, W. et al. Chronic administration of belimumab, a BLyS antagonist, decreases tissue and peripheral blood B-lymphocyte populations in cynomolgus monkeys: pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicologic effects. Toxicol. Sci. 91, 586-599 (2006). (Pubitemid 43827311)
    • (2006) Toxicological Sciences , vol.91 , Issue.2 , pp. 586-599
    • Halpern, W.G.1    Lappin, P.2    Zanardi, T.3    Cai, W.4    Corcoran, M.5    Zhong, J.6    Baker, K.P.7
  • 41
    • 54349100000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologic activity and safety of belimumab, a neutralizing anti-B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) monoclonal antibody: A phase i trial in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Furie, R. et al. Biologic activity and safety of belimumab, a neutralizing anti-B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) monoclonal antibody: a phase I trial in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res. Ther. 10, R109 (2008).
    • (2008) Arthritis Res. Ther. , vol.10
    • Furie, R.1
  • 42
    • 49449092839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of plasma B lymphocyte stimulator levels and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Petri, M. et al. Association of plasma B lymphocyte stimulator levels and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 58, 2453-2459 (2008).
    • (2008) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.58 , pp. 2453-2459
    • Petri, M.1
  • 43
    • 70350520105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) isoforms in systemic lupus erythematosus: Disease activity correlates better with blood leukocyte BLyS mRNA levels than with plasma BLyS protein levels
    • Collins, C.E. et al. B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) isoforms in systemic lupus erythematosus: disease activity correlates better with blood leukocyte BLyS mRNA levels than with plasma BLyS protein levels. Arthritis Res. Ther. 8, R6 (2006).
    • (2006) Arthritis Res. Ther. , vol.8
    • Collins, C.E.1
  • 44
    • 33750526860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B-lymphocyte activating factor in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis in relation to autoantibody levels, disease measures and time
    • DOI 10.1177/0961203306071871
    • Becker-Merok, A., Nikolaisen, C. & Nossent, H.C. B-lymphocyte activating factor in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis in relation to autoantibody levels, disease measures and time. Lupus 15, 570-576 (2006). (Pubitemid 44661743)
    • (2006) Lupus , vol.15 , Issue.9 , pp. 570-576
    • Becker-Merok, A.1    Nikolaisen, C.2    Nossent, H.C.3
  • 45
    • 33751502815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of the expression levels of BLyS and its receptors mRNA in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • DOI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2006.09.010, PII S0009912006003092
    • Ju, S. et al. Correlation of the expression levels of BLyS and its receptors mRNA in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin. Biochem. 39, 1131-1137 (2006). (Pubitemid 44838576)
    • (2006) Clinical Biochemistry , vol.39 , Issue.12 , pp. 1131-1137
    • Ju, S.1    Zhang, D.2    Wang, Y.3    Ni, H.4    Kong, X.5    Zhong, R.6
  • 46
    • 0034729769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of the TNF homologues BLyS and APRIL with the TNF receptor homologues BCMA and TACI
    • DOI 10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00566-2
    • Marsters, S.A. et al. Interaction of the TNF homologues BLyS and APRIL with the receptor homologues BCMA and TACI. Curr. Biol. 10, 785-788 (2000). (Pubitemid 30466942)
    • (2000) Current Biology , vol.10 , Issue.13 , pp. 785-788
    • Marsters, S.A.1    Yan, M.2    Pitti, R.M.3    Haas, P.E.4    Dixit, V.M.5    Ashkenazi, A.6
  • 47
    • 0034634625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily member TACI is a high affinity receptor for TNF family members APRIL and BlyS
    • Wu, Y. et al. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily member TACI is a high affinity receptor for TNF family members APRIL and BLyS. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 35478-35485 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 35478-35485
    • Wu, Y.1
  • 48
    • 0034606225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A soluble form of B cell maturation antigen, a receptor for the tumor necrosis factor family member APRIL, inhibits tumor cell growth
    • Rennert, P. et al. A soluble form of B cell maturation antigen, a receptor for the tumor necrosis factor family member APRIL, inhibits tumor cell growth. J. Exp. Med. 192, 1677-1684 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Exp. Med. , vol.192 , pp. 1677-1684
    • Rennert, P.1
  • 50
    • 0035797908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a novel receptor for B lymphocyte stimulator that is mutated in a mouse strain with severe B cell deficiency
    • DOI 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00481-X
    • Yan, M. et al. Identification of a novel receptor for B lymphocyte stimulator that is mutated in a mouse strain with severe B cell deficiency. Curr. Biol. 11, 1547-1552 (2001). (Pubitemid 32931019)
    • (2001) Current Biology , vol.11 , Issue.19 , pp. 1547-1552
    • Yan, M.1    Brady, J.R.2    Chan, B.3    Lee, W.P.4    Hsu, B.5    Harless, S.6    Cancro, M.7    Grewal, I.S.8    Dixit, V.M.9
  • 53
    • 44849097480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutting edge: The dependence of plasma cells and independence of memory B cells on BAFF and APRIL
    • Benson, M.J. et al. Cutting edge: the dependence of plasma cells and independence of memory B cells on BAFF and APRIL. J. Immunol. 180, 3655-3659 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Immunol. , vol.180 , pp. 3655-3659
    • Benson, M.J.1
  • 54
    • 41949138741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • APRIL is critical for plasmablast survival in the bone marrow and poorly expressed by early-life bone marrow stromal cells
    • Belnoue, E. et al. APRIL is critical for plasmablast survival in the bone marrow and poorly expressed by early-life bone marrow stromal cells. Blood 111, 2755-2764 (2008).
    • (2008) Blood , vol.111 , pp. 2755-2764
    • Belnoue, E.1
  • 56
    • 49249090858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonclinical safety, pharmacokinetics, and phamcodynamics of atacicept
    • Carbonatto, M. et al. Nonclinical safety, pharmacokinetics, and phamcodynamics of atacicept. Toxicol. Sci. 105, 200-210 (2008).
    • (2008) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.105 , pp. 200-210
    • Carbonatto, M.1
  • 59
    • 77349091256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic effects of BAFF antagonism in the treatment of human SLE
    • Sabahi, R. et al. Immunologic effects of BAFF antagonism in the treatment of human SLE. Arthritis Rheum. 56, S566 (2007).
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.56
    • Sabahi, R.1
  • 67
    • 33646367770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Belimumab (BmAb), a fully human monoclonal antibody to B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), combined with standard of care therapy reduces the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in a heterogeneous subject population
    • McKay, J. et al. Belimumab (BmAb), a fully human monoclonal antibody to B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), combined with standard of care therapy reduces the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in a heterogeneous subject population. Arthritis Rheum. 52, S710-S711 (2005).
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.52
    • McKay, J.1
  • 68
    • 33646336766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Belimumab (BmAb), a novel fully human monoclonal antibody to B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), selectively modulates B-cell sub-populations and immunoglobulins in a heterogeneous rheumatoid arthritis subject population
    • Stohl, W. et al. Belimumab (BmAb), a novel fully human monoclonal antibody to B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), selectively modulates B-cell sub-populations and immunoglobulins in a heterogeneous rheumatoid arthritis subject population. Arthritis Rheum. 52, S444 (2005).
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.52
    • Stohl, W.1
  • 69
    • 69749120918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Wallace, D.J. et al. A phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 61, 1168-1178 (2009).
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.61 , pp. 1168-1178
    • Wallace, D.J.1
  • 70
    • 69749096135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel evidence-based systemic lupus erythematosus responder index
    • Furie, R.A. et al. Novel evidence-based systemic lupus erythematosus responder index. Arthritis Rheum. 61, 1143-1151 (2009).
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.61 , pp. 1143-1151
    • Furie, R.A.1
  • 71
    • 79952070370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: A randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
    • Navarra, S.V. et al. Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 377, 721-731 (2011).
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 721-731
    • Navarra, S.V.1
  • 72
    • 82455198794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Furie, R. et al. A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 63, 3918-3930 (2011).
    • (2011) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.63 , pp. 3918-3930
    • Furie, R.1
  • 73
    • 74849131972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of rituximab in moderately-to-severely active systemic lupus erythematosus: The randomized, double-blind, phase II/III systemic lupus erythematosus evaluation of rituximab trial
    • Merrill, J.T. et al. Efficacy and safety of rituximab in moderately-to-severely active systemic lupus erythematosus: the randomized, double-blind, phase II/III systemic lupus erythematosus evaluation of rituximab trial. Arthritis Rheum. 62, 222-233 (2010).
    • (2010) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.62 , pp. 222-233
    • Merrill, J.T.1
  • 74
    • 75149150898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of rituximab in subjects with active proliferative lupus nephritis (LN): Results from the randomized, double-blind phase III LUNAR study
    • Furie, R. et al. Efficacy and safety of rituximab in subjects with active proliferative lupus nephritis (LN): results from the randomized, double-blind phase III LUNAR study. Arthritis Rheum. 60, S429 (2009).
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.60
    • Furie, R.1
  • 75
    • 69749086884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab and lupus: Good in real life, bad in controlled trials
    • Comment on the article by Lu et al.
    • Ramos-Casals, M., Díaz-Lagares, C. & Khamashta, M.A. Rituximab and lupus: good in real life, bad in controlled trials. Comment on the article by Lu et al. Arthritis Rheum. 61, 1281-1282 (2009).
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.61 , pp. 1281-1282
    • Ramos-Casals, M.1    Díaz-Lagares, C.2    Khamashta, M.A.3
  • 76
    • 77949970200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B cell-targeted therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus: An update on clinical trial data
    • Looney, R.J. B cell-targeted therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus: an update on clinical trial data. Drugs 70, 529-540 (2010).
    • (2010) Drugs , vol.70 , pp. 529-540
    • Looney, R.J.1
  • 80
    • 79955022819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B cell and BAFF dependence of IFN-α-exaggerated disease in systemic lupus erythematosus-prone NZM 2328 mice
    • Jacob, N. et al. B cell and BAFF dependence of IFN-α-exaggerated disease in systemic lupus erythematosus-prone NZM 2328 mice. J. Immunol. 186, 4984-4993 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Immunol. , vol.186 , pp. 4984-4993
    • Jacob, N.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.