-
1
-
-
4644312297
-
500-element ultrasound phased array system for noninvasive focal surgery of the brain: A preliminary rabbit study with ex vivo human skulls
-
10.1002/mrm.v52:1
-
K. Hynynen, G. Clement, N. McDannold, N. Vykhodtseva, R. King, P. White, S. Vitek, and F. Jolesz, 500-element ultrasound phased array system for noninvasive focal surgery of the brain: A preliminary rabbit study with ex vivo human skulls., Magn. Reson. Med. 52 (1), 100-107 (2004). 10.1002/mrm.v52:1
-
(2004)
Magn. Reson. Med.
, vol.52
, Issue.1
, pp. 100-107
-
-
Hynynen, K.1
Clement, G.2
McDannold, N.3
Vykhodtseva, N.4
King, R.5
White, P.6
Vitek, S.7
Jolesz, F.8
-
2
-
-
61449174798
-
High-intensity focused ultrasound surgery of the brain: Part 1-A historical perspective with modern applications
-
10.1227/01.NEU.0000336766.18197.8E
-
J. Jagannathan, N. Sanghvi, L. Crum, C. Yen, R. Medel, A. Dumont, J. Sheehan, L. Steiner, F. Jolesz, and N. Kassell, High-intensity focused ultrasound surgery of the brain: Part 1-A historical perspective with modern applications., Neurosurgery 64 (2), 201-210 (2009). 10.1227/01.NEU.0000336766. 18197.8E
-
(2009)
Neurosurgery
, vol.64
, Issue.2
, pp. 201-210
-
-
Jagannathan, J.1
Sanghvi, N.2
Crum, L.3
Yen, C.4
Medel, R.5
Dumont, A.6
Sheehan, J.7
Steiner, L.8
Jolesz, F.9
Kassell, N.10
-
3
-
-
73549095273
-
High-intensity focused ultrasound for noninvasive functional neurosurgery
-
10.1002/ana.21801
-
E. Martin, D. Jeanmonod, A. Morel, E. Zadicario, and B. Werner, High-intensity focused ultrasound for noninvasive functional neurosurgery., Ann. Neurol. 66 (6), 858-861 (2009). 10.1002/ana.21801
-
(2009)
Ann. Neurol.
, vol.66
, Issue.6
, pp. 858-861
-
-
Martin, E.1
Jeanmonod, D.2
Morel, A.3
Zadicario, E.4
Werner, B.5
-
4
-
-
77953668583
-
Transcranial pulsed ultrasound stimulates intact brain circuits
-
10.1016/j.neuron.2010.05.008
-
Y. Tufail, A. Matyushov, N. Baldwin, M. Tauchmann, J. Georges, A. Yoshihiro, S. Tillery, and W. Tyler, Transcranial pulsed ultrasound stimulates intact brain circuits., Neuron 66 (5), 681-694 (2010). 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.05. 008
-
(2010)
Neuron
, vol.66
, Issue.5
, pp. 681-694
-
-
Tufail, Y.1
Matyushov, A.2
Baldwin, N.3
Tauchmann, M.4
Georges, J.5
Yoshihiro, A.6
Tillery, S.7
Tyler, W.8
-
5
-
-
0025329069
-
Effects of physical parameters on high temperature ultrasound hyperthermia
-
10.1016/0301-5629(90)90070-S
-
B. Billard, K. Hynynen, and R. Roemer, Effects of physical parameters on high temperature ultrasound hyperthermia., Ultrasound Med. Biol. 16 (4), 409-420 (1990). 10.1016/0301-5629(90)90070-S
-
(1990)
Ultrasound Med. Biol.
, vol.16
, Issue.4
, pp. 409-420
-
-
Billard, B.1
Hynynen, K.2
Roemer, R.3
-
6
-
-
5644262484
-
The temperature of cavitation
-
10.1126/science.253.5026.1397
-
E. Flint and K. Suslick, The temperature of cavitation., Science 253 (5026), 1397-1399 (1991). 10.1126/science.253.5026.1397
-
(1991)
Science
, vol.253
, Issue.5026
, pp. 1397-1399
-
-
Flint, E.1
Suslick, K.2
-
7
-
-
0032575349
-
Direct in vivo visualization of intravascular destruction of microbubbles by ultrasound and its local effects on tissue
-
10.1161/01.CIR.98.4.290
-
D. Skyba, R. Price, A. Linka, T. Skalak, and S. Kaul, Direct in vivo visualization of intravascular destruction of microbubbles by ultrasound and its local effects on tissue., Circulation 98 (4), 290-293 (1998). 10.1161/01.CIR.98.4.290
-
(1998)
Circulation
, vol.98
, Issue.4
, pp. 290-293
-
-
Skyba, D.1
Price, R.2
Linka, A.3
Skalak, T.4
Kaul, S.5
-
8
-
-
4143081639
-
Cellular mechanisms of the blood-brain barrier opening induced by ultrasound in presence of microbubbles
-
10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2004.04.010
-
N. Sheikov, N. McDannold, N. Vykhodtseva, F. Jolesz, and K. Hynynen, Cellular mechanisms of the blood-brain barrier opening induced by ultrasound in presence of microbubbles., Ultrasound Med. Biol. 30 (7), 979-989 (2004). 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2004.04.010
-
(2004)
Ultrasound Med. Biol.
, vol.30
, Issue.7
, pp. 979-989
-
-
Sheikov, N.1
McDannold, N.2
Vykhodtseva, N.3
Jolesz, F.4
Hynynen, K.5
-
9
-
-
33947117433
-
Role of acoustic cavitation in the delivery and monitoring of cancer treatment by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)
-
10.1080/02656730701194131
-
C. Coussios, C. Farny, G. Ter Haar, and R. Roy, Role of acoustic cavitation in the delivery and monitoring of cancer treatment by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)., Int. J. Hyperthermia 23 (2), 105-120 (2007). 10.1080/02656730701194131
-
(2007)
Int. J. Hyperthermia
, vol.23
, Issue.2
, pp. 105-120
-
-
Coussios, C.1
Farny, C.2
Ter Haar, G.3
Roy, R.4
-
10
-
-
0029741912
-
Direct evidence of cavitation in vivo from diagnostic ultrasound
-
10.1016/0301-5629(96)00083-X
-
C. Holland, C. Deng, R. Apfel, J. Alderman, L. Fernandez, and K. Taylor, Direct evidence of cavitation in vivo from diagnostic ultrasound., Ultrasound Med. Biol. 22 (7), 917-925 (1996). 10.1016/0301-5629(96)00083-X
-
(1996)
Ultrasound Med. Biol.
, vol.22
, Issue.7
, pp. 917-925
-
-
Holland, C.1
Deng, C.2
Apfel, R.3
Alderman, J.4
Fernandez, L.5
Taylor, K.6
-
11
-
-
4444313360
-
Mechanical bioeffects of ultrasound
-
10.1146/annurev.bioeng.6.040803.140126
-
D. Dalecki, Mechanical bioeffects of ultrasound., Biomed. Eng. 6 (1), 229-248 (2004). 10.1146/annurev.bioeng.6.040803.140126
-
(2004)
Biomed. Eng.
, vol.6
, Issue.1
, pp. 229-248
-
-
Dalecki, D.1
-
12
-
-
0026032595
-
Gauging the likelihood of cavitation from short-pulse, low-duty cycle diagnostic ultrasound
-
10.1016/0301-5629(91)90125-G
-
R. Apfel and C. Holland, Gauging the likelihood of cavitation from short-pulse, low-duty cycle diagnostic ultrasound., Ultrasound Med. Biol. 17 (2), 179-185 (1991). 10.1016/0301-5629(91)90125-G
-
(1991)
Ultrasound Med. Biol.
, vol.17
, Issue.2
, pp. 179-185
-
-
Apfel, R.1
Holland, C.2
-
13
-
-
0036815531
-
Spontaneous homogeneous nucleation, inertial cavitation and the safety of diagnostic ultrasound
-
10.1016/S0301-5629(02)00579-3
-
C. Church, Spontaneous homogeneous nucleation, inertial cavitation and the safety of diagnostic ultrasound., Ultrasound Med. Biol. 28 (10), 1349-1364 (2002). 10.1016/S0301-5629(02)00579-3
-
(2002)
Ultrasound Med. Biol.
, vol.28
, Issue.10
, pp. 1349-1364
-
-
Church, C.1
-
14
-
-
33744457309
-
Bubble generation by standing wave in water surrounded by cranium with transcranial ultrasonic beam
-
10.1143/JJAP.44.4625
-
T. Azuma, K. Kawabata, S. Umemura, M. Ogihara, J. Kubota, A. Sasaki, and H. Furuhata, Bubble generation by standing wave in water surrounded by cranium with transcranial ultrasonic beam., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 44 (6), 4625-4630 (2005). 10.1143/JJAP.44.4625
-
(2005)
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1
, vol.44
, Issue.6
, pp. 4625-4630
-
-
Azuma, T.1
Kawabata, K.2
Umemura, S.3
Ogihara, M.4
Kubota, J.5
Sasaki, A.6
Furuhata, H.7
-
15
-
-
8644230974
-
Ultrasound-enhanced systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke
-
10.1056/NEJMoa041175
-
A. Alexandrov, Ultrasound-enhanced systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke., N. Engl. J. Med. 351 (21), 2170-2178 (2004). 10.1056/NEJMoa041175
-
(2004)
N. Engl. J. Med.
, vol.351
, Issue.21
, pp. 2170-2178
-
-
Alexandrov, A.1
-
16
-
-
0032976877
-
Histological observations and the process of ultrasound contrast agent enhancement of tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis with ultrasound exposure
-
10.1253/jcj.63.478
-
I. Kondo, K. Mizushige, T. Ueda, H. Masugata, K. Ohmori, and H. Matsuo, Histological observations and the process of ultrasound contrast agent enhancement of tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis with ultrasound exposure., Jpn. Circ. J. 63 (6), 478-484 (1999). 10.1253/jcj.63.478
-
(1999)
Jpn. Circ. J.
, vol.63
, Issue.6
, pp. 478-484
-
-
Kondo, I.1
Mizushige, K.2
Ueda, T.3
Masugata, H.4
Ohmori, K.5
Matsuo, H.6
-
17
-
-
0030826774
-
Ultrasound reversibly disaggregates fibrin fibers
-
J. Braaten, R. Goss, and C. Francis, Ultrasound reversibly disaggregates fibrin fibers., Thromb. Haemostasis 78 (3), 1063-1068 (1997).
-
(1997)
Thromb. Haemostasis
, vol.78
, Issue.3
, pp. 1063-1068
-
-
Braaten, J.1
Goss, R.2
Francis, C.3
-
18
-
-
33644653870
-
Effect of mild hypothermia on the thrombolytic efficacy of 120 kHz ultrasound enhanced thrombolysis in an in-vitro human clot model
-
10.1016/j.thromres.2005.05.005
-
G. Shaw, N. Bavani, A. Dhamija, and C. Lindsell, Effect of mild hypothermia on the thrombolytic efficacy of 120 kHz ultrasound enhanced thrombolysis in an in-vitro human clot model., Thromb. Res. 117 (5), 603-608 (2006). 10.1016/j.thromres.2005.05.005
-
(2006)
Thromb. Res.
, vol.117
, Issue.5
, pp. 603-608
-
-
Shaw, G.1
Bavani, N.2
Dhamija, A.3
Lindsell, C.4
-
19
-
-
0034281748
-
Cavitational mechanisms in ultrasound-accelerated thrombolysis at 1 MHz
-
10.1016/S0301-5629(00)00250-7
-
E. Everbach and C. Francis, Cavitational mechanisms in ultrasound-accelerated thrombolysis at 1 MHz., Ultrasound Med. Biol. 26 (7), 1153-1160 (2000). 10.1016/S0301-5629(00)00250-7
-
(2000)
Ultrasound Med. Biol.
, vol.26
, Issue.7
, pp. 1153-1160
-
-
Everbach, E.1
Francis, C.2
-
20
-
-
44449098285
-
Sonothrombolysis with transcranial color-coded sonography and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in acute middle cerebral artery main stem occlusion: Results from a randomized study
-
10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.503870
-
J. Eggers, I. Konig, B. Koch, G. Handler, and G. Seidel, Sonothrombolysis with transcranial color-coded sonography and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in acute middle cerebral artery main stem occlusion: results from a randomized study., Stroke 39 (5), 1470-1475 (2008). 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.503870
-
(2008)
Stroke
, vol.39
, Issue.5
, pp. 1470-1475
-
-
Eggers, J.1
Konig, I.2
Koch, B.3
Handler, G.4
Seidel, G.5
-
21
-
-
15244339173
-
Sonothrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke for patients ineligible for rt-PA
-
10.1212/01.WNL.0000154599.45969.D6
-
J. Eggers, G. Seidel, B. Koch, and I. Konig, Sonothrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke for patients ineligible for rt-PA., Neurology 64 (6), 1052-1054 (2005). 10.1212/01.WNL.0000154599.45969.D6
-
(2005)
Neurology
, vol.64
, Issue.6
, pp. 1052-1054
-
-
Eggers, J.1
Seidel, G.2
Koch, B.3
Konig, I.4
-
22
-
-
22044441701
-
Transcranial low-frequency ultrasound-mediated thrombolysis in brain ischemia: Increased risk of hemorrhage with combined ultrasound and tissue plasminogen activator: Results of a phase II clinical trial
-
10.1161/01.STR.0000170707.86793.1a
-
M. Daffertshofer, A. Gass, P. Ringleb, M. Sitzer, U. Sliwka, T. Els, O. Sedlaczek, W. Ko-roshetz, and M. Hennerici, Transcranial low-frequency ultrasound-mediated thrombolysis in brain ischemia: Increased risk of hemorrhage with combined ultrasound and tissue plasminogen activator: Results of a phase II clinical trial., Stroke 36 (7), 1441-1446 (2005). 10.1161/01.STR.0000170707. 86793.1a
-
(2005)
Stroke
, vol.36
, Issue.7
, pp. 1441-1446
-
-
Daffertshofer, M.1
Gass, A.2
Ringleb, P.3
Sitzer, M.4
Sliwka, U.5
Els, T.6
Sedlaczek, O.7
Ko-Roshetz, W.8
Hennerici, M.9
-
23
-
-
33746269049
-
Correlation of cavitation with ultrasound enhancement of thrombolysis
-
10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.04.008
-
S. Datta, C. Coussios, L. McAdory, J. Tan, T. Porter, G. De Courten-Myers, and C. Holland, Correlation of cavitation with ultrasound enhancement of thrombolysis., Ultrasound Med. Biol. 32 (8), 1257-1267 (2006). 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.04.008
-
(2006)
Ultrasound Med. Biol.
, vol.32
, Issue.8
, pp. 1257-1267
-
-
Datta, S.1
Coussios, C.2
McAdory, L.3
Tan, J.4
Porter, T.5
De Courten-Myers, G.6
Holland, C.7
-
24
-
-
67649295513
-
Simulation of intracranial acoustic fields in clinical trials of sonothrombolysis
-
10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.11.014
-
C. Baron, J. Aubry, M. Tanter, S. Meairs, and M. Fink, Simulation of intracranial acoustic fields in clinical trials of sonothrombolysis., Ultrasound Med. Biol. 35 (7), 1148-1158 (2009). 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.11.014
-
(2009)
Ultrasound Med. Biol.
, vol.35
, Issue.7
, pp. 1148-1158
-
-
Baron, C.1
Aubry, J.2
Tanter, M.3
Meairs, S.4
Fink, M.5
-
25
-
-
0031866642
-
Focusing and steering through absorbing and aberrating layers: Application to ultrasonic propagation through the skull
-
10.1121/1.422759
-
M. Tanter, J. Thomas, and M. Fink, Focusing and steering through absorbing and aberrating layers: Application to ultrasonic propagation through the skull., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 103, 2403-2410 (1998). 10.1121/1.422759
-
(1998)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
, vol.103
, pp. 2403-2410
-
-
Tanter, M.1
Thomas, J.2
Fink, M.3
-
26
-
-
34249884216
-
In vivo transcranial brain surgery with an ultrasonic time reversal mirror
-
10.3171/jns.2007.106.6.1061
-
M. Pernot, J. Aubry, M. Tanter, A. Boch, F. Marquet, M. Kujas, D. Seilhean, and M. Fink, In vivo transcranial brain surgery with an ultrasonic time reversal mirror., J. Neurosurg. 106 (6), 1061-1066 (2007). 10.3171/jns.2007.106.6.1061
-
(2007)
J. Neurosurg.
, vol.106
, Issue.6
, pp. 1061-1066
-
-
Pernot, M.1
Aubry, J.2
Tanter, M.3
Boch, A.4
Marquet, F.5
Kujas, M.6
Seilhean, D.7
Fink, M.8
-
27
-
-
67649891315
-
Non-invasive transcranial ultrasound therapy based on a 3D CT scan
-
10.1088/0031-9155/54/9/001
-
F. Marquet, M. Pernot, J. Aubry, G. Montaldo, L. Marsac, M. Tanter, and M. Fink, Non-invasive transcranial ultrasound therapy based on a 3D CT scan., Phys. Med. Biol. 54, 2597-2613 (2009). 10.1088/0031-9155/54/9/001
-
(2009)
Phys. Med. Biol.
, vol.54
, pp. 2597-2613
-
-
Marquet, F.1
Pernot, M.2
Aubry, J.3
Montaldo, G.4
Marsac, L.5
Tanter, M.6
Fink, M.7
-
28
-
-
14744277982
-
MRI guidance of focused ultrasound therapy of uterine fibroids: Early results
-
J. Hindley, MRI guidance of focused ultrasound therapy of uterine fibroids: Early results., Am. J. Roentgenol. 183 (6), 1713 (2004).
-
(2004)
Am. J. Roentgenol.
, vol.183
, Issue.6
, pp. 1713
-
-
Hindley, J.1
-
29
-
-
35348987574
-
Clinical improvement and shrinkage of uterine fibroids after thermal ablation by magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery
-
10.1002/uog.4099
-
J. Rabinovici, Y. Inbar, A. Revel, Y. Zalel, J. Gomori, Y. Itzchak, E. Schiff, and S. Yagel, Clinical improvement and shrinkage of uterine fibroids after thermal ablation by magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery., Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 30 (5), 771-777 (2007). 10.1002/uog.4099
-
(2007)
Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol.
, vol.30
, Issue.5
, pp. 771-777
-
-
Rabinovici, J.1
Inbar, Y.2
Revel, A.3
Zalel, Y.4
Gomori, J.5
Itzchak, Y.6
Schiff, E.7
Yagel, S.8
-
30
-
-
1242319244
-
High-intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of localized prostate cancer: 5-year experience
-
10.1016/j.urology.2003.09.020
-
A. Blana, B. Walter, S. Rogenhofer, and W. Wieland, High-intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of localized prostate cancer: 5-year experience., Urology 63 (2), 297-300 (2004). 10.1016/j.urology.2003.09.020
-
(2004)
Urology
, vol.63
, Issue.2
, pp. 297-300
-
-
Blana, A.1
Walter, B.2
Rogenhofer, S.3
Wieland, W.4
-
31
-
-
75749150158
-
Transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound surgery of brain tumors: Initial findings in three patients
-
10.1227/01.NEU.0000360379.95800.2F
-
N. McDannold, G. Clement, P. Black, F. Jolesz, and K. Hynynen, Transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound surgery of brain tumors: Initial findings in three patients., Neurosurgery 66 (2), 323-332 (2010). 10.1227/01.NEU.0000360379.95800.2F
-
(2010)
Neurosurgery
, vol.66
, Issue.2
, pp. 323-332
-
-
McDannold, N.1
Clement, G.2
Black, P.3
Jolesz, F.4
Hynynen, K.5
-
32
-
-
84855451775
-
High intensity focused ultrasound for transcranial therapy of brain lesions and disorders
-
J.-F. Aubry, L. Marsac, M. Pernot, B. Robert, A.-L. Boch, D. Chauvet, N. Salameh, L. Souris, L. Darasse, J. Bittoun, Y. Martin, C. Cohen-Bacrie, J. Souquet, M. Fink, and M. Tanter, High intensity focused ultrasound for transcranial therapy of brain lesions and disorders., IRBM 113 (1), 84-93 (2010).
-
(2010)
IRBM
, vol.113
, Issue.1
, pp. 84-93
-
-
Aubry, J.-F.1
Marsac, L.2
Pernot, M.3
Robert, B.4
Boch, A.-L.5
Chauvet, D.6
Salameh, N.7
Souris, L.8
Darasse, L.9
Bittoun, J.10
Martin, Y.11
Cohen-Bacrie, C.12
Souquet, J.13
Fink, M.14
Tanter, M.15
-
33
-
-
65349139522
-
A heterogeneous nonlinear attenuating full-wave model of ultrasound
-
10.1109/TUFFC.2009.1066
-
G. Pinton, J. Dahl, S. Rosenzweig, and G. Trahey, A heterogeneous nonlinear attenuating full-wave model of ultrasound., IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 56 (3), 474-488 (2009). 10.1109/TUFFC.2009.1066
-
(2009)
IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control
, vol.56
, Issue.3
, pp. 474-488
-
-
Pinton, G.1
Dahl, J.2
Rosenzweig, S.3
Trahey, G.4
-
34
-
-
0037237319
-
Experimental demonstration of noninvasive transskull adaptive focusing based on prior computed tomography scans
-
10.1121/1.1529663
-
J.-F. Aubry, M. Tanter, M. Pernot, J.-L. Thomas, and M. Fink, Experimental demonstration of noninvasive transskull adaptive focusing based on prior computed tomography scans., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 113 (1), 84-93 (2003). 10.1121/1.1529663
-
(2003)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
, vol.113
, Issue.1
, pp. 84-93
-
-
Aubry, J.-F.1
Tanter, M.2
Pernot, M.3
Thomas, J.-L.4
Fink, M.5
-
36
-
-
22844452715
-
A numerical study of transcranial focused ultrasound beam propagation at low frequency
-
10.1088/0031-9155/50/8/013
-
X. Yin and K. Hynynen, A numerical study of transcranial focused ultrasound beam propagation at low frequency., Phys. Med. Biol. 50 (8), 1821-1836 (2005). 10.1088/0031-9155/50/8/013
-
(2005)
Phys. Med. Biol.
, vol.50
, Issue.8
, pp. 1821-1836
-
-
Yin, X.1
Hynynen, K.2
-
37
-
-
0033910383
-
Time reversal and the inverse filter
-
10.1121/1.429459
-
M. Tanter, J. Thomas, and M. Fink, Time reversal and the inverse filter., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 108, 223-234 (2000). 10.1121/1.429459
-
(2000)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
, vol.108
, pp. 223-234
-
-
Tanter, M.1
Thomas, J.2
Fink, M.3
-
38
-
-
0033044247
-
The potential of transskull ultrasound therapy and surgery using the maximum available skull surface area
-
10.1121/1.426863
-
J. Sun and K. Hynynen, The potential of transskull ultrasound therapy and surgery using the maximum available skull surface area., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 105, 2519-2527 (1999). 10.1121/1.426863
-
(1999)
J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
, vol.105
, pp. 2519-2527
-
-
Sun, J.1
Hynynen, K.2
-
39
-
-
25444505869
-
Frequency, pulse length, and the mechanical index
-
10.1121/1.1901757
-
C. Church, Frequency, pulse length, and the mechanical index., ARLO 6, 162-168 (2005). 10.1121/1.1901757
-
(2005)
ARLO
, vol.6
, pp. 162-168
-
-
Church, C.1
|