메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 417-435

Children's susceptibility to chemicals: A review by developmental stage

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL;

EID: 8444235339     PISSN: 10937404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10937400490512465     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (221)

References (125)
  • 2
    • 0014529258 scopus 로고
    • Correlative study of hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor secretion in newborns and infants
    • Agunod, M., Yamaguchi, N., Lopez, R., Luhby, A. L., Glass, G. B. 1969. Correlative study of hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor secretion in newborns and infants. Am. J. Digest. Dis. 14:400-414.
    • (1969) Am. J. Digest. Dis. , vol.14 , pp. 400-414
    • Agunod, M.1    Yamaguchi, N.2    Lopez, R.3    Luhby, A.L.4    Glass, G.B.5
  • 3
    • 0017341106 scopus 로고
    • Age-related differences in salicylamide and acetaminophen conjugation in man
    • Alam, S. N., Roberts, R. J. and Fischer, L. J. 1977. Age-related differences in salicylamide and acetaminophen conjugation in man. J. Pediatr. 90:130-135.
    • (1977) J. Pediatr. , vol.90 , pp. 130-135
    • Alam, S.N.1    Roberts, R.J.2    Fischer, L.J.3
  • 4
    • 0034011362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical-biological terrorism and its impact on children: A subject review
    • American Academy of Pediatrics. 2000. Chemical-biological terrorism and its impact on children: A subject review. Pediatrics 105:662-670.
    • (2000) Pediatrics , vol.105 , pp. 662-670
  • 9
    • 0023945111 scopus 로고
    • Drugs in human milk. Clinical pharmacokinetic considerations
    • Atkinson, H. C., Begg, E. J., and Darlow, B. A. 1988. Drugs in human milk. Clinical pharmacokinetic considerations. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 14:217-240.
    • (1988) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.14 , pp. 217-240
    • Atkinson, H.C.1    Begg, E.J.2    Darlow, B.A.3
  • 10
    • 33646225815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and function of the liver and biliary system
    • eds. R. E. Behrman, R. M. Kliegman, and H. M. Jenson. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Bates, M. D., and Balistreri, W. F. 2004. Development and function of the liver and biliary system. In Nelson textbook of pediatrics, eds. R. E. Behrman, R. M. Kliegman, and H. M. Jenson, pp.1304-1308. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (2004) Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics , pp. 1304-1308
    • Bates, M.D.1    Balistreri, W.F.2
  • 11
    • 33749157131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occupational and environmental risks to the fetus
    • eds. A. A. Fanaroff and R. J. Martin. St. Louis, MO: Mosby
    • Bearer, C. F. 1997. Occupational and environmental risks to the fetus In Neonatal-perinatal medicine: Diseases of the fetus and infant, eds. A. A. Fanaroff and R. J. Martin, pp.188-202. St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
    • (1997) Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine: Diseases of the Fetus and Infant , pp. 188-202
    • Bearer, C.F.1
  • 12
    • 0002543901 scopus 로고
    • The excretion of drugs and chemicals in human milk
    • eds. S. J. Yaffe and V. J. Aranda. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Berlin, C. M. 1992. The excretion of drugs and chemicals in human milk In Pediatric pharmacology: Therapeutic principles in practice, eds. S. J. Yaffe and V. J. Aranda, pp.205-211. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1992) Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice , pp. 205-211
    • Berlin, C.M.1
  • 13
    • 0035227844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pediatric implications in bioterrorism part I: Physiologic and psychosocial differences
    • Bernardo, L. M. 2001. Pediatric implications in bioterrorism part I: Physiologic and psychosocial differences. Int. J. Trauma Nurs. 7:14-16.
    • (2001) Int. J. Trauma Nurs. , vol.7 , pp. 14-16
    • Bernardo, L.M.1
  • 14
    • 0023918037 scopus 로고
    • Principles of drug biodisposition in the neonate: A critical evaluation of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interface (Part I)
    • Besunder, J. B., Reed, M. D., and Blumer, J. L. 1988. Principles of drug biodisposition in the neonate: A critical evaluation of the pharmacokinetic- pharmacodynamic interface (Part I). Clin. Pharmacokinet. 14:189-216.
    • (1988) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.14 , pp. 189-216
    • Besunder, J.B.1    Reed, M.D.2    Blumer, J.L.3
  • 15
    • 0002678446 scopus 로고
    • Principles of neonatal pharmacology
    • eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Blumer, J. L., and Reed, M. D. 1992. Principles of neonatal pharmacology. In Pediatric pharmacology: Therapeutic principles in practice, eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda, pp.164-177. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1992) Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice , pp. 164-177
    • Blumer, J.L.1    Reed, M.D.2
  • 16
    • 0002816074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postnatal development and growth
    • eds. R. G. Crystal and J. B. West. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven
    • Burri, P. H. 1997. Postnatal development and growth. In The lung: Scientific foundations, eds. R. G. Crystal and J. B. West, pp.1013-1026. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven.
    • (1997) The Lung: Scientific Foundations , pp. 1013-1026
    • Burri, P.H.1
  • 17
    • 0020053160 scopus 로고
    • Acetaminophen overdose in the third trimester of pregnancy
    • Byer, A. J., Traylor, T. R., and Semmer, J. R. 1982. Acetaminophen overdose in the third trimester of pregnancy. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 247:3114-3115.
    • (1982) J. Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.247 , pp. 3114-3115
    • Byer, A.J.1    Traylor, T.R.2    Semmer, J.R.3
  • 18
    • 0010977161 scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal/dermal/pulmonary absorption of xenobiotics: Effect of age
    • ed. E. J. Calabrese. New York: John Wiley & Sons
    • Calabrese, E. J. 1986a. Gastrointestinal/dermal/pulmonary absorption of xenobiotics: Effect of age. In Age and susceptibility to toxic substances, ed. E. J. Calabrese, pp.5-24. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    • (1986) Age and Susceptibility to Toxic Substances , pp. 5-24
    • Calabrese, E.J.1
  • 19
    • 33646212428 scopus 로고
    • Hematological factors
    • ed. E. J. Calabrese. New York: John Wiley & Sons
    • Calabrese, E. J. 1986b. Hematological factors. In Age and susceptibility to toxic substances, ed. E. J. Calabrese, pp.79-94. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    • (1986) Age and Susceptibility to Toxic Substances , pp. 79-94
    • Calabrese, E.J.1
  • 20
    • 0005485742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bile secretion and its control in the mature and immature organism
    • eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Chuang, E., and Haber, B. A. 1998. Bile secretion and its control in the mature and immature organism. In Fetal and neonatal physiology, eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox, pp.1457-1471. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1998) Fetal and Neonatal Physiology , pp. 1457-1471
    • Chuang, E.1    Haber, B.A.2
  • 22
    • 0036072336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of toxic chemicals in breast milk: Use of PBPK models to predict infant exposure
    • Clewell, R. A., and Cearhart, J. M. 2002. Pharmacokinetics of toxic chemicals in breast milk: Use of PBPK models to predict infant exposure. Environ. Health Perspect. 110:A333-A337.
    • (2002) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.110
    • Clewell, R.A.1    Cearhart, J.M.2
  • 23
    • 0033921239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's exposure assessment: A review of factors influencing children's exposure, and the data available to characterize and assess that exposure
    • Cohen Hubal, E. A., Sheldon, L. S., Burke, J. M., McCurdy, T. R., Berry, M. R., Rigas, M. L., Zartarian, V. G., and Freeman, N. C. G. 2000. Children's exposure assessment: A review of factors influencing children's exposure, and the data available to characterize and assess that exposure. Environ. Health Perspect. 108:475-486.
    • (2000) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.108 , pp. 475-486
    • Cohen Hubal, E.A.1    Sheldon, L.S.2    Burke, J.M.3    McCurdy, T.R.4    Berry, M.R.5    Rigas, M.L.6    Zartarian, V.G.7    Freeman, N.C.G.8
  • 29
    • 0034751365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model for absorption of low-volatile toxicants by the airway mucosa
    • Gerde, P., and Scott, B. R. 2001. A model for absorption of low-volatile toxicants by the airway mucosa. Inhal. Toxicol. 13:903-929.
    • (2001) Inhal. Toxicol. , vol.13 , pp. 903-929
    • Gerde, P.1    Scott, B.R.2
  • 30
    • 4243344568 scopus 로고
    • Topical therapy and percutaneous absorption
    • eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Ghadially, R., and Shear, N. H. 1992. Topical therapy and percutaneous absorption. In Pediatric pharmacology: Therapeutic principles in practice, eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda, pp.72-77. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1992) Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice , pp. 72-77
    • Ghadially, R.1    Shear, N.H.2
  • 31
    • 0034804877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A developmental approach to pediatric environmental health
    • Gitterman, B. A., and Bearer, C. F. 2001. A developmental approach to pediatric environmental health. Pediatr. Clin. North Am. 48:1071-1083.
    • (2001) Pediatr. Clin. North Am. , vol.48 , pp. 1071-1083
    • Gitterman, B.A.1    Bearer, C.F.2
  • 32
    • 33646212647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water. Washington, DC: George Washington University
    • Goveia, M., Makri, A., and Balbus, J. 2003. Pediatric susceptibility to chemicals. Report to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water. Washington, DC: George Washington University.
    • (2003) Pediatric Susceptibility to Chemicals
    • Goveia, M.1    Makri, A.2    Balbus, J.3
  • 34
    • 0039873701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug absorption and distribution
    • eds. C. R. Craig and R. E. Stitzel. Boston: Little, Brown
    • Gram, T. E. 1997. Drug absorption and distribution. In Modern pharmacology with clinical applications, eds. C. R. Craig and R. E. Stitzel, pp.13-24. Boston: Little, Brown.
    • (1997) Modern Pharmacology with Clinical Applications , pp. 13-24
    • Gram, T.E.1
  • 35
    • 0017294787 scopus 로고
    • Development of the human gastrointestinal tract: A review
    • Grand, R. J., Watkins J. B., and Torti, F. M. 1976. Development of the human gastrointestinal tract: A review. Gastroenterology 70:790-810.
    • (1976) Gastroenterology , vol.70 , pp. 790-810
    • Grand, R.J.1    Watkins, J.B.2    Torti, F.M.3
  • 36
    • 0001831328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic disposition of xenobiotics during prenatal and early postnatal development
    • eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Gregus, Z., and Klaassen, C. D. 1998. Hepatic disposition of xenobiotics during prenatal and early postnatal development. In Fetal and neonatal physiology, eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox, pp.1472-1493. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1998) Fetal and Neonatal Physiology , pp. 1472-1493
    • Gregus, Z.1    Klaassen, C.D.2
  • 39
    • 0028785024 scopus 로고
    • Growth abnormalities in the population exposed in utero and early postnatally to polychlorinated biphenyls and dibenzofurans
    • Guo, Y. L., Lambert, G. H., and Hsu, C. C. 1995. Growth abnormalities in the population exposed in utero and early postnatally to polychlorinated biphenyls and dibenzofurans. Environ. Health Perspect. 103(suppl.):117-122.
    • (1995) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.103 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 117-122
    • Guo, Y.L.1    Lambert, G.H.2    Hsu, C.C.3
  • 40
    • 0017888483 scopus 로고
    • Gastric retention in neonates
    • Gupta, M., and Brans, Y. W. 1978. Gastric retention in neonates. Pediatrics 62:26-29.
    • (1978) Pediatrics , vol.62 , pp. 26-29
    • Gupta, M.1    Brans, Y.W.2
  • 42
    • 0031909983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xenobiotic-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes in the human fetoplacental unit: Role in intrauterine toxicity
    • Hakkola, J., Pelkonen, O., Pasanen, M., and Raunio, H. 1998. Xenobiotic-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes in the human fetoplacental unit: Role in intrauterine toxicity. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 28:35-72.
    • (1998) Crit. Rev. Toxicol. , vol.28 , pp. 35-72
    • Hakkola, J.1    Pelkonen, O.2    Pasanen, M.3    Raunio, H.4
  • 43
    • 0016699808 scopus 로고
    • Changing composition of human milk and early development of an appetite control
    • Hall, B. 1975. Changing composition of human milk and early development of an appetite control. Lancet 1:779-781.
    • (1975) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 779-781
    • Hall, B.1
  • 44
    • 0242501567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in pharmacokinetics between children and adults-II. Children's variability in drug elimination half-lives and in some parameters needed for physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling
    • Hattis, D., Ginsberg, G., Sonawane, B., Smolenski, S., Russ, A., Kozlak, M., and Goble, R. 2003. Differences in pharmacokinetics between children and adults-II. Children's variability in drug elimination half-lives and in some parameters needed for physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling. Risk Anal. 23:117-142.
    • (2003) Risk Anal. , vol.23 , pp. 117-142
    • Hattis, D.1    Ginsberg, G.2    Sonawane, B.3    Smolenski, S.4    Russ, A.5    Kozlak, M.6    Goble, R.7
  • 45
    • 0018854258 scopus 로고
    • Enteral absorption and bioavailability in children in relation to age
    • Heimann, G. 1980. Enteral absorption and bioavailability in children in relation to age. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 18:43-50.
    • (1980) Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.18 , pp. 43-50
    • Heimann, G.1
  • 46
    • 8444232840 scopus 로고
    • Drug therapeutics in the adolescent
    • eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Hein, K. 1992. Drug therapeutics in the adolescent. In Pediatric pharmacology: Therapeutic principles in practice, eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda, pp.220-233. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1992) Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice , pp. 220-233
    • Hein, K.1
  • 47
  • 48
    • 0031976721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastric emptying in children
    • Heyman, S. 1998. Gastric emptying in children. J. Nucl. Med. 39:865-869.
    • (1998) J. Nucl. Med. , vol.39 , pp. 865-869
    • Heyman, S.1
  • 49
    • 0023969753 scopus 로고
    • The significance of plasma protein binding on the fetal/maternal distribution of drugs at steady-state
    • Hill, M. D., and Abramson, F. P. 1988. The significance of plasma protein binding on the fetal/maternal distribution of drugs at steady-state. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 14:156-170.
    • (1988) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.14 , pp. 156-170
    • Hill, M.D.1    Abramson, F.P.2
  • 50
    • 0002985822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normal and abnormal structural development of the lung
    • eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Hudson, A. W. 1998. Normal and abnormal structural development of the lung. In Fetal and neonatal physiology, eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox, pp.1033-1046. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1998) Fetal and Neonatal Physiology , pp. 1033-1046
    • Hudson, A.W.1
  • 51
    • 33646211084 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetically based drug interactions in the pediatric patient
    • eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda. W. B. Saunders
    • Hogue, S. L., and Phelps, S. J. 1992. Pharmacokinetically based drug interactions in the pediatric patient. In Pediatric pharmacology: Therapeutic principles in practice, eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda, pp.566-582. W. B. Saunders.
    • (1992) Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice , pp. 566-582
    • Hogue, S.L.1    Phelps, S.J.2
  • 52
    • 0002648847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and biochemical organogenesis of skin and cutaneous appendages in the fetus and newborn
    • eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Holbrook, K. A. 1998. Structural and biochemical organogenesis of skin and cutaneous appendages in the fetus and newborn. In Fetal and neonatal physiology, eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox, pp.729-752. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1998) Fetal and Neonatal Physiology , pp. 729-752
    • Holbrook, K.A.1
  • 53
    • 0033177874 scopus 로고
    • Exposure to persistent organochlorines in Canadian breast milk: A probabilistic assessment
    • Hoover, S. M. 1990. Exposure to persistent organochlorines in Canadian breast milk: A probabilistic assessment. Risk Anal. 19: 527-545.
    • (1990) Risk Anal. , vol.19 , pp. 527-545
    • Hoover, S.M.1
  • 56
    • 0036897693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • America's adolescents: Where have we been, where are we going?
    • Irwin, C. E., Jr., Burg, S. J., and Uhler, C. C. 2002. America's adolescents: Where have we been, where are we going? J. Adolesc. Health 31:91-121.
    • (2002) J. Adolesc. Health. , vol.31 , pp. 91-121
    • Irwin Jr., C.E.1    Burg, S.J.2    Uhler, C.C.3
  • 58
    • 0001184406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of renal excretion of drugs during ontogeny
    • eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • John, E. G., and Guignard, J. P. 1998. Development of renal excretion of drugs during ontogeny. In Fetal and neonatal physiology, eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox, pp.188-193. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1998) Fetal and Neonatal Physiology , pp. 188-193
    • John, E.G.1    Guignard, J.P.2
  • 59
    • 0015251162 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of drug biotransformation reactions in the placenta
    • Juchau, M. R. 1972. Mechanisms of drug biotransformation reactions in the placenta. Fed. Proc. 31:48-51.
    • (1972) Fed. Proc. , vol.31 , pp. 48-51
    • Juchau, M.R.1
  • 60
    • 2042520301 scopus 로고
    • Drug metabolism by the human fetus
    • eds. M. Gibaldi and L. Prescott. New York: ADIS Health Science
    • Juchau, M. R., Chao, S. T., and Omiecinski, C. J. 1983. Drug metabolism by the human fetus. In Handbook of clinical pharmacokinetics, eds. M. Gibaldi and L. Prescott, pp.58-78. New York: ADIS Health Science.
    • (1983) Handbook of Clinical Pharmacokinetics , pp. 58-78
    • Juchau, M.R.1    Chao, S.T.2    Omiecinski, C.J.3
  • 61
    • 33646227128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General principles in pediatric pharmacology and toxicology
    • eds. S. Kacew and G. H. Lambert. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis
    • Kacew, S. 1997. General principles in pediatric pharmacology and toxicology. In Environmental toxicology and pharmacology of human development, eds. S. Kacew and G. H. Lambert, pp.1-14. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis.
    • (1997) Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology of Human Development , pp. 1-14
    • Kacew, S.1
  • 63
    • 0002466429 scopus 로고
    • Drug therapeutics in the infant and child
    • eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Kauffman, R. E. 1992. Drug therapeutics in the infant and child. In Pediatric pharmacology: Therapeutic principles in practice, eds. S. J. Yaffe and J. V. Aranda, pp.212-21 9. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1992) Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice , pp. 212-219
    • Kauffman, R.E.1
  • 65
    • 0002590191 scopus 로고
    • Changes in drug disposition in pregnancy and their clinical implications
    • ed G. Koren. New York: Marcel Dekker
    • Koren, G. 1990. Changes in drug disposition in pregnancy and their clinical implications. In Maternal-fetal toxicology: A clinicians' guide, ed G. Koren, pp.3-13. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • (1990) Maternal-Fetal Toxicology: A Clinicians' Guide , pp. 3-13
    • Koren, G.1
  • 66
    • 0025120765 scopus 로고
    • Can acetaminophen excess result in maternal and fetal toxicity?
    • Kurzel, R. B. 1990. Can acetaminophen excess result in maternal and fetal toxicity? South. Med. J. 83:953-955.
    • (1990) South. Med. J. , vol.83 , pp. 953-955
    • Kurzel, R.B.1
  • 67
    • 0030961589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation of nasal respiratory pattern with age during growth and development
    • Laine-Alava, M. T., and Minkkinen, U. K. 1997. Variation of nasal respiratory pattern with age during growth and development. Laryngoscope 107:386-390.
    • (1997) Laryngoscope , vol.107 , pp. 386-390
    • Laine-Alava, M.T.1    Minkkinen, U.K.2
  • 68
  • 69
    • 0030805315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways of lead exposure in urban children
    • Lanphear, B. P. and Roghmann, K. J. 1997. Pathways of lead exposure in urban children. Environ. Res. 74:67-73.
    • (1997) Environ. Res , vol.74 , pp. 67-73
    • Lanphear, B.P.1    Roghmann, K.J.2
  • 72
    • 0017749669 scopus 로고
    • Glomerular filtration rate during the period of adaptation to extrauterine life
    • Leake, R. D., and Trygstad, C. W. 1977. Glomerular filtration rate during the period of adaptation to extrauterine life. Pediatr. Res. 11: 959-962.
    • (1977) Pediatr. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 959-962
    • Leake, R.D.1    Trygstad, C.W.2
  • 73
    • 0020682841 scopus 로고
    • Impact of development of the gastrointestinal tract on infant feeding
    • Lebenthal, E., Lee, P. C., and Heitlinger, L. A. 1983. Impact of development of the gastrointestinal tract on infant feeding. J. Pediatr. 102:1-9.
    • (1983) J. Pediatr. , vol.102 , pp. 1-9
    • Lebenthal, E.1    Lee, P.C.2    Heitlinger, L.A.3
  • 74
    • 0017371586 scopus 로고
    • Development of anaerobic fecal flora in healthy newborn infants
    • Long, S. S., and Swenson, R. M. 1977. Development of anaerobic fecal flora in healthy newborn infants. J. Pediatr. 91:298-301.
    • (1977) J. Pediatr. , vol.91 , pp. 298-301
    • Long, S.S.1    Swenson, R.M.2
  • 75
    • 0017058795 scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of the protein, nitrogen, and lactose contents of human milk from Swedish well-nourished mothers
    • Lonnerdal, B., Forsum, E., and Hambraeus, L. 1976. A longitudinal study of the protein, nitrogen, and lactose contents of human milk from Swedish well-nourished mothers. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 29:1127-1133.
    • (1976) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.29 , pp. 1127-1133
    • Lonnerdal, B.1    Forsum, E.2    Hambraeus, L.3
  • 76
    • 0023251361 scopus 로고
    • Landmark perspective: The legacy of well-water methemoglobinemia
    • Lukens, J. N. 1987. Landmark perspective: The legacy of well-water methemoglobinemia. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 257:2793-2795.
    • (1987) J. Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.257 , pp. 2793-2795
    • Lukens, J.N.1
  • 77
    • 0036361617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poisons in the air: A cause of chronic disease in children
    • Mathieu-Nolf, M. 2002. Poisons in the air: a cause of chronic disease in children. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 40:483-491.
    • (2002) J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. , vol.40 , pp. 483-491
    • Mathieu-Nolf, M.1
  • 78
    • 33646211294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug metabolism and disposition in pediatric and gerontological stages of life
    • eds. C. R. Craig and R. E. Stitzel. Boston: Little, Brown
    • McCarthy, J., and Gram, T. E. 1997. Drug metabolism and disposition in pediatric and gerontological stages of life. In Modern pharmacology with clinical applications, eds. C. R. Craig and R. E. Stitzel, pp.43-48. Boston: Little, Brown.
    • (1997) Modern Pharmacology with Clinical Applications , pp. 43-48
    • McCarthy, J.1    Gram, T.E.2
  • 79
    • 0026615088 scopus 로고
    • Developmental changes in nasal airflow patterns
    • Mennella, J. A., and Beauchamp, G. K. 1992. Developmental changes in nasal airflow patterns. Acta Otolaryngol. 112:1025-1031.
    • (1992) Acta Otolaryngol. , vol.112 , pp. 1025-1031
    • Mennella, J.A.1    Beauchamp, G.K.2
  • 80
    • 0017228166 scopus 로고
    • Acetaminophen elimination kinetics in neonates, children, and adults
    • Miller, R. P., Roberts, R. J., and Fischer, L. J. 1976. Acetaminophen elimination kinetics in neonates, children, and adults. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 19:284-294.
    • (1976) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.19 , pp. 284-294
    • Miller, R.P.1    Roberts, R.J.2    Fischer, L.J.3
  • 81
    • 8444251764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal and neonatal intestinal motility
    • eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Moon, K., and Hillemeier, A. C. 1998. Fetal and neonatal intestinal motility. In Fetal and neonatal physiology, eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox, pp.1383-1386. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1998) Fetal and Neonatal Physiology , pp. 1383-1386
    • Moon, K.1    Hillemeier, A.C.2
  • 82
    • 0035002237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of upper respiratory tract vapor uptake studies
    • Morris, J. B. 2001. Overview of upper respiratory tract vapor uptake studies. Inhal. Toxicol. 13:335-345.
    • (2001) Inhal. Toxicol. , vol.13 , pp. 335-345
    • Morris, J.B.1
  • 83
    • 33646214241 scopus 로고
    • Drug absorption
    • ed. P. L. Morselli. New York: Spectrum
    • Morselli, P. L. 1977. Drug absorption. In Drug disposition during development, ed. P. L. Morselli, pp.51-60. New York: Spectrum.
    • (1977) Drug Disposition during Development , pp. 51-60
    • Morselli, P.L.1
  • 84
    • 0019174902 scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics in newborns and infants. Age-related differences and therapeutic implications
    • Morselli, P. L., Franco-Morselli, R., and Bossi, L. 1980. Clinical pharmacokinetics in newborns and infants. Age-related differences and therapeutic implications. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 5:485-527.
    • (1980) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.5 , pp. 485-527
    • Morselli, P.L.1    Franco-Morselli, R.2    Bossi, L.3
  • 85
    • 0003139550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologic differences of clinical significance
    • eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Nagourney, B. A., and Aranda, J. V. 1998. Physiologic differences of clinical significance. In Fetal and neonatal physiology, eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox, pp.239-249. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1998) Fetal and Neonatal Physiology , pp. 239-249
    • Nagourney, B.A.1    Aranda, J.V.2
  • 86
    • 0002172205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicochemical and structural properties regulating placental drug transfer
    • eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Nau, H., and Plonait, S. L. 1998. Physicochemical and structural properties regulating placental drug transfer. In Fetal and neonatal physiology, eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox, pp.146-160. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1998) Fetal and Neonatal Physiology , pp. 146-160
    • Nau, H.1    Plonait, S.L.2
  • 87
    • 0036072308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analytic considerations for measuring environmental chemicals in breast milk
    • Needham, L. L., and Wang, R. Y. 2002. Analytic considerations for measuring environmental chemicals in breast milk. Environ. Health Perspect. 110:A317-A324.
    • (2002) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.110
    • Needham, L.L.1    Wang, R.Y.2
  • 89
    • 0028849303 scopus 로고
    • An in vitro technique for the rapid determination of drug entry into breast milk
    • Notarianni, L. J., Belk, D., Aird, S. A., and Bennett, P. N. 1995. An in vitro technique for the rapid determination of drug entry into breast milk. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 40:333-337.
    • (1995) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.40 , pp. 333-337
    • Notarianni, L.J.1    Belk, D.2    Aird, S.A.3    Bennett, P.N.4
  • 91
    • 0031887694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research needs: Recommendations of an ILSI working group on age-related differences in susceptibility
    • Olin, S. S. 1998. Research needs: recommendations of an ILSI working group on age-related differences in susceptibility. Food Addit. Contam.15(suppl.):53-54.
    • (1998) Food Addit. Contam. , vol.15 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 53-54
    • Olin, S.S.1
  • 92
    • 0023738964 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal gastroduodenal motility in children and adolescents with recurrent functional abdominal pain
    • Pineiro-Carrero, V. M., Andres, J. M., Davis, R., H., and Mathias, J. R. 1988. Abnormal gastroduodenal motility in children and adolescents with recurrent functional abdominal pain. J. Pediatr. 113:820-825.
    • (1988) J. Pediatr. , vol.113 , pp. 820-825
    • Pineiro-Carrero, V.M.1    Andres, J.M.2    Davis, R.H.3    Mathias, J.R.4
  • 93
    • 0033939622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mammalian respiratory system and critical windows of exposure for children's health
    • Pinkerton, K. E., and Joad, J. P. 2000. The mammalian respiratory system and critical windows of exposure for children's health. Environ. Health Perspect. 108:457-462.
    • (2000) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.108 , pp. 457-462
    • Pinkerton, K.E.1    Joad, J.P.2
  • 95
  • 96
    • 6344248364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of drug therapy
    • eds. R. E. Behrman, R. M. Kliegman, and H. M. Jenson. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Reed, M. D., and Gal, P. 2004. Principles of drug therapy. In Nelson textbook of pediatrics, eds. R. E. Behrman, R. M. Kliegman, and H. M. Jenson, pp.2427-2432. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (2004) Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics , pp. 2427-2432
    • Reed, M.D.1    Gal, P.2
  • 97
    • 7444249427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologic treatment of the fetus
    • eds. A. A. Fanaroff and R. J. Martin. St. Louis, MO: Mosby
    • Reed, M. D., and Blumer, J. L. 1997. Pharmacologic treatment of the fetus. In Neonatal-perinatal medicine: Diseases of the fetus and infant, eds. A. A. Fanaroff and R. J. Martin, pp.157-187. St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
    • (1997) Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine: Diseases of the Fetus and Infant , pp. 157-187
    • Reed, M.D.1    Blumer, J.L.2
  • 98
    • 0347810155 scopus 로고
    • Normal and abnormal small bowel lengths
    • Reiquam, C, Allen, R., and Akers, D. 1965. Normal and abnormal small bowel lengths. Am. J. Dis. Child. 109:447-451.
    • (1965) Am. J. Dis. Child. , vol.109 , pp. 447-451
    • Reiquam, C.1    Allen, R.2    Akers, D.3
  • 99
    • 33646221526 scopus 로고
    • Drugs and breastfeeding
    • ed. G. Koren. New York: Marcel Dekker
    • Rieder, M. J. 1990. Drugs and breastfeeding. In Maternal-fetal toxicology: A clinicians' guide, ed. G. Koren, pp.63-85. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • (1990) Maternal-Fetal Toxicology: A Clinicians' Guide , pp. 63-85
    • Rieder, M.J.1
  • 100
    • 0005487185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug excretion during lactation
    • eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Rieder, M. J. 1998. Drug excretion during lactation. In Fetal and neonatal physiology, eds. R. A. Polin and W. W. Fox, pp.256-265. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (1998) Fetal and Neonatal Physiology , pp. 256-265
    • Rieder, M.J.1
  • 102
    • 0023157587 scopus 로고
    • The significance of drugs in breast milk: Pharmacokinetic considerations
    • Rivera-Calimlim, L. 1987. The significance of drugs in breast milk: pharmacokinetic considerations. Clin. Perinatol. 14:51-70.
    • (1987) Clin. Perinatol. , vol.14 , pp. 51-70
    • Rivera-Calimlim, L.1
  • 103
    • 0003970081 scopus 로고
    • Overview of similarities and differences between children and adults: Implications for risk assessments
    • eds. P. S. Guzelian, C. J. Henry, and S. S. Olin. Washington, DC: ILSI Press
    • Roberts, R. J. 1992. Overview of similarities and differences between children and adults: Implications for risk assessments. In Similarities and differences between children and adults: Implications for risk assessment, eds. P. S. Guzelian, C. J. Henry, and S. S. Olin, pp.11-15. Washington, DC: ILSI Press.
    • (1992) Similarities and Differences between Children and Adults: Implications for Risk Assessment , pp. 11-15
    • Roberts, R.J.1
  • 105
    • 0024574167 scopus 로고
    • Favourable neonatal outcome following maternal paracetamol overdose and severe fetal distress. Case report
    • Rosevear, S. K., and Hope, P. L. 1989. Favourable neonatal outcome following maternal paracetamol overdose and severe fetal distress. Case report. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 96:491-493.
    • (1989) Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. , vol.96 , pp. 491-493
    • Rosevear, S.K.1    Hope, P.L.2
  • 106
    • 0014203150 scopus 로고
    • Plasma free fatty acids and glucose concentrations in the human fetus and newborn exposed to various environmental conditions
    • Roux, J. F., and Romney, S. L. 1967. Plasma free fatty acids and glucose concentrations in the human fetus and newborn exposed to various environmental conditions. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 97:268-276.
    • (1967) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.97 , pp. 268-276
    • Roux, J.F.1    Romney, S.L.2
  • 107
  • 108
    • 0034800951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parents worried about breast milk contamination. What is best for baby?
    • Schreiber, J. S. 2001. Parents worried about breast milk contamination. What is best for baby? Pediatr. Clin. North Am. 48:1113-1127.
    • (2001) Pediatr. Clin. North Am. , vol.48 , pp. 1113-1127
    • Schreiber, J.S.1
  • 109
    • 0018852538 scopus 로고
    • Small-intestine length in infants and children
    • Siebert, J. R. 1 980. Small-intestine length in infants and children. Am. J. Dis. Child. 134:593-595.
    • (1980) Am. J. Dis. Child. , vol.134 , pp. 593-595
    • Siebert, J.R.1
  • 110
    • 0002624814 scopus 로고
    • Physiological and biochemical differences between children and adults as determinants of toxic response to environmental pollutants
    • eds. P. S. Guzelian, C. J. Henry, and S. S. Olin. Washington, DC: ILSI Press
    • Snodgrass, W. R. 1992. Physiological and biochemical differences between children and adults as determinants of toxic response to environmental pollutants. In Similarities and differences between children and adults: Implications for risk assessment, eds. P. S. Guzelian, C. J. Henry, and S. S. Olin, pp.35-42. Washington, DC: ILSI Press.
    • (1992) Similarities and Differences between Children and Adults: Implications for Risk Assessment , pp. 35-42
    • Snodgrass, W.R.1
  • 111
    • 0028892028 scopus 로고
    • Chemical contaminants in human milk: An overview
    • Sonawane, B. R. 1995. Chemical contaminants in human milk: an overview. Environ. Health Perspect. 103(suppl.):197-205.
    • (1995) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.103 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 197-205
    • Sonawane, B.R.1
  • 112
    • 0021329136 scopus 로고
    • Paracetamol overdose in the second trimester of pregnancy. Case report
    • Stokes, I. M. 1984. Paracetamol overdose in the second trimester of pregnancy. Case report. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 91:286-288.
    • (1984) Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. , vol.91 , pp. 286-288
    • Stokes, I.M.1
  • 113
    • 33646219011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-risk pregnancies
    • eds. R. E. Behrman, R. M. Kliegman, and A. M. Arvin. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
    • Stoll, B. J., and Kliegman, R. M. 2004. High-risk pregnancies. In Nelson textbook of pediatrics, eds. R. E. Behrman, R. M. Kliegman, and A. M. Arvin, pp.532-536. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
    • (2004) Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics , pp. 532-536
    • Stoll, B.J.1    Kliegman, R.M.2
  • 116
    • 33646210529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPA/600/P-95/002Fa. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1997. Exposure factors handbook volume I: General factors. EPA/600/P-95/002Fa. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA.
    • (1997) Exposure Factors Handbook Volume I: General Factors , vol.1
  • 119
    • 0013836698 scopus 로고
    • The development of conjugation mechanisms and drug toxicity in the newborn
    • Vest, M. F. 1965. The development of conjugation mechanisms and drug toxicity in the newborn. Biol. Neonate 8:258-266.
    • (1965) Biol. Neonate , vol.8 , pp. 258-266
    • Vest, M.F.1
  • 120
    • 0025950572 scopus 로고
    • Small intestinal length: A factor essential for gut adaptation
    • Weaver, L. T., Austin, S., and Cole, T. J. 1991. Small intestinal length: a factor essential for gut adaptation. Gut 32:1321-1323.
    • (1991) Gut , vol.32 , pp. 1321-1323
    • Weaver, L.T.1    Austin, S.2    Cole, T.J.3
  • 121
    • 0003376663 scopus 로고
    • Gastric function
    • eds. W. A. Walker, P. R. Durie, J. R. Hamilton, J. A. Walker-Smith, and J. B. Watkins. St. Louis, MO: Mosby
    • Wershil, B. K. 1992. Gastric function. In Pediatric gastrointestinal disease, vol. 1, eds. W. A. Walker, P. R. Durie, J. R. Hamilton, J. A. Walker-Smith, and J. B. Watkins, pp.71-82. St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
    • (1992) Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disease , vol.1 , pp. 71-82
    • Wershil, B.K.1
  • 122
    • 0002839510 scopus 로고
    • Glomerular filtration rate, effective renal blood flow, and maximal tubular excretory capacity in infancy
    • West, J. R., Smith, H. W., and Chasis, H. 1948. Glomerular filtration rate, effective renal blood flow, and maximal tubular excretory capacity in infancy. J. Pediatr. 32:10-18.
    • (1948) J. Pediatr. , vol.32 , pp. 10-18
    • West, J.R.1    Smith, H.W.2    Chasis, H.3
  • 124


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.