Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Underrecognized Cause of Cryptogenic Cirrhosis

JAMA

Volumn 289, Issue 22, 2003, Pages 3000-3004

  Clark, Jeanne M ^a,c   Diehl, Anna Mae ^b  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Welch Center for Epidemiology Prevention and Clinical Research   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINOTRANSFERASE; FUROSEMIDE; ROSIGLITAZONE; GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE;

ADULT; AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; ASCITES; CASE REPORT; CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CYTODIAGNOSIS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; FATTY LIVER; HUMAN; HYDROTHORAX; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; LIVER BIOPSY; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MALE; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NON INVASIVE MEASUREMENT; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE; PLEURA EFFUSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; UNITED STATES; BIOPSY; BLOOD; CLINICAL OBSERVATION; CLINICAL STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIAGNOSIS; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; PORTAL HYPERTENSION;

ASCITES; BIOPSY; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; FATTY LIVER; GAMMA-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION, PORTAL; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; PLEURAL EFFUSION; TRANSAMINASES;

EID: 0038142845     PISSN: 00987484     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/jama.289.22.3000     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Caldwell SH, Oelsner DH, Iezzoni JC, Hespenheide EE, Battle EH, Driscoll CJ. Cryptogenic cirrhosis: clinical characterization and risk factors for underlying disease. Hepatology. 1999;29:664-669.
2. Poonawala A, Nair SP, Thuluvath PJ. Prevalence of obesity and diabetes in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis: a case-control study. Hepatology. 2000;32(4 pt 1):689-692.
3. Ratziu V, Bonyhay L, Di M, et al. Survival, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma in obesity-related cryptogenic cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2002;35:1485-1493.
4. Angulo P, Keach JC, Batts KP, Lindor KD. Independent predictors of liver fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology. 1999;30:1356-1362.
5. Ratziu V, Giral P, Charlotte F, et al. Liver fibrosis in overweight patients. Gastroenterology. 2000;118:1117-1123.
6. Bravo AA, Sheth SG, Chopra S. Liver biopsy. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:495-500.
7. Brunt EM. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: definition and pathology. Semin Liver Dis. 2001;21:3-16.
8. Skelly MM, James PD, Ryder SD. Findings on liver biopsy to investigate abnormal liver function tests in the absence of diagnostic serology. J Hepatol. 2001;35:195-199.
9. Gholam PM, Kotler DP, Flancbaum LJ. Liver pathology in morbidly obese patients undergoing Rouxen-Y gastric bypass surgery. Obes Surg. 2002;12:49-51.
10. Clark JM, Brancati FL, Diehl AM. The prevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol. In press.
11. Powell EE, Cooksley WG, Hanson R, Searle J, Halliday JW, Powell LW. The natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a follow-up study of forty-two patients for up to 21 years. Hepatology. 1990;11:74-80.
12. Matteoni CA, Younossi ZM, Gramlich T, Boparai N, Liu YC, McCullough AJ. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity. Gastroenterology. 1999;116:1413-1419.
13. Teli MR, James OF, Burt AD, Bennett MK, Day CP. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver: a follow-up study. Hepatology. 1995;22:1714-1719.
14. Alexander JF, Lischner MW, Galambos JT. Natural history of alcoholic hepatitis, II: the long-term prognosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1971;56:515-525.
15. Adinolfi LE, Gambardella M, Andreana A, Tripodi MF, Utili R, Ruggiero G. Steatosis accelerates the progression of liver damage of chronic hepatitis C patients and correlates with specific HCV genotype and visceral obesity. Hepatology. 2001;33:1358-1364.
16. Nair S, Mason A, Eason J, Loss G, Perrillo RP. Is obesity an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis? Hepatology. 2002;36:150-155.
17. Angulo P, Lindor KD. Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver: present and emerging therapies. Semin Liver Dis. 2001;21:81-88.
18. Palmer M, Schaffner F. Effect of weight reduction on hepatic abnormalities in overweight patients. Gastroenterology. 1990;99:1408-1413.
19. Ueno T, Sugawara H, Sujaku K, et al. Therapeutic effects of restricted diet and exercise in obese patients with fatty liver. J Hepatol. 1997;27:103-107.
20. Capron JP, Delamarre J, Dupas JL, Braillon A, Degott C, Quenum C. Fasting in obesity: another cause of liver injury with alcoholic hyaline? Dig Dis Sci. 1982;27:265-268.
21. Andersen T, Gluud C, Franzmann MB, Christoffersen P. Hepatic effects of dietary weight loss in morbidly obese subjects. J Hepatol. 1991;12:224-229.
22. Marchesini G, Brizi M, Bianchi G, Tomassetti S, Zoli M, Melchionda N. Metformin in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Lancet. 2001;358:893-894.
23. Acosta RC, Molina EG, O'Brien CB, et al. The use of pioglitazone in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology. 2001;120(5, suppl):A73.
24. Laurin J, Lindor KD, Crippin JS, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid or clofibrate in the treatment of non-alcohol-induced steatohepatitis: a pilot study. Hepatology. 1996;23:1464-1467.
25. Basaranoglu M, Acbay O, Sonsuz A. A controlled trial of gemfibrozil in the treatment of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol. 1999;31:384.
26. Abdelmalek M, Angulo P, Jorgensen RA, et al. Betaine, a promising new agent for patients with non-alcoholic steatopatitis: results of a pilot study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96:2711-2717.
27. Gulbahar O, Karasu ZA, Ersoz G, et al. Treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with N-acetylcystein. Gastroenterology. 2000;118:A1444.
28. Lavine JE. Vitamin E treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in children: a pilot study. J Pediatr. 2000;136:734-738.
29. Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2000. JAMA. 2002;288:1723-1727.
30. Mokdad AH, Bowman BA, Ford ES, Vinicor F, Marks JS, Koplan JP. The continuing epidemics of obesity and diabetes in the United States. JAMA. 2001;286:1195-1200.
31. Clark JM, Brancati FL, Diehl AM. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the most common cause of abnormal liver enzymes in the US population. Gastroenterology. 2001;120(5, suppl 1):A65.
32. Bellentani S, Tiribelli C, Saccoccio G, et al. Prevalence of chronic liver disease in the general population of northern Italy: the Dionysos Study. Hepatology. 1994;20:1442-1449.
33. Nomura H, Kashiwagi S, Hayashi J, Kajiyama W, Tani S, Goto M. Prevalence of fatty liver in a general population of Okinawa, Japan. Jpn J Med. 1988;27:142-149.
34. Graif M, Yanuka M, Baraz M, et al. Quantitative estimation of attenuation in ultrasound video images: correlation with histology in diffuse liver disease. Invest Radiol. 2000;35:319-324.
35. Mendler MH, Bouillet P, Le Sidaner A, et al. Dual-energy CT in the diagnosis and quantification of fatty liver: limited clinical value in comparison to ultrasound scan and single-energy CT, with special reference to iron overload. J Hepatol. 1998;28:785-794.
36. Ricci C, Longo R, Gioulis E, et al. Noninvasive in vivo quantitative assessment of fat content in human liver. J Hepatol. 1997;27:108-113.
37. Szczepaniak LS, Babcock EE, Schick F, et al. Measurement of intracellular triglyceride stores by H spectroscopy: validation in vivo. Am J Physiol. 1999;276(5 pt 1):E977-E989.