Adult developmental dyslexia in a shallow orthography: Are there subgroups?

Reading and Writing

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 71-108

  Laasonen, Marja ^a,b   Service, Elisabet ^a,c   Lipsanen, Jari ^a   Virsu, Veijo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL   (Finland)

^c MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Intelligence; Phonological processing; Reading; Sensory short term memory; Temporal processing

Indexed keywords

EID: 82755163886     PISSN: 09224777     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11145-010-9248-9     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Aaron, P. G., Joshi, R. M., Palmer, H., Smith, N., & Kirby, E. (2002). Separating genuine cases of reading disability from reading deficits caused by predominantly inattentive ADHD behavior. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 35, 425-447.
2. Alm, J., & Kaufman, A. S. (2002). The Swedish WAIS-R factor structure and cognitive profiles for adults with dyslexia. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 35, 321-333.
3. Barca, L., Burani, C., Di Filippo, G., & Zoccolotti, P. (2006). Italian developmental dyslexic and proficient readers: Where are the differences? Brain and Language, 98, 347-351.
4. Ben-Dror, I., Pollatsek, A., & Scarpati, S. (1991). Word identification in isolation and in context by college dyslexic students. Brain and Language, 40, 471-490.
5. Boder, E. (1973). Developmental dyslexia: A diagnostic approach based on three atypical reading-spelling patterns. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 15, 663-687.
6. Bowers, P. G., Steffy, R., & Tate, E. (1988). Comparison of the effects of IQ control methods on memory and naming speed predictors of reading disability. Reading Research Quarterly, 23, 304-319.
7. Bowers, P. G., & Swanson, L. B. (1991). Naming speed deficits in reading disability: Multiple measures of a singular process. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 51, 195-219.
8. Bowers, P. G., & Wolf, M. (1993). Theoretical links among naming speed, precise timing mechanisms and orthographic skill in dyslexia. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 5, 69-85.
9. Bruck, M. (1990). Word-recognition skills of adults with childhood diagnoses of dyslexia. Developmental Psychology, 26, 439-454.
10. Calinski, T., & Harabasz, J. (1974). A dendrite method for cluster analysis. Communications in Statistics, 3, 1-27.
11. Castles, A., & Coltheart, M. (1993). Varieties of developmental dyslexia. Cognition, 47, 149-180.
12. Cestnick, L. (2001). Cross-modality temporal processing deficits in developmental phonological dyslexics. Brain and Cognition, 46, 319-325.
13. Cestnick, L., & Coltheart, M. (1999). The relationship between language-processing and visual-processing deficits in developmental dyslexia. Cognition, 71, 231-255.
14. Cestnick, L., & Jerger, J. (2000). Auditory temporal processing and lexical/nonlexical reading in developmental dyslexics. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 11, 501-513.
15. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
16. Coltheart, M. (1978). Lexical access in simple reading tasks. In G. Underwood (Ed.), Strategies of information processing (pp. 151-216). London: Academic Press.
17. Coltheart, M., Masterson, J., Byng, S., Prior, M., & Riddoch, M. J. (1983). Surface dyslexia. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 35, 469-495.
18. Critchley, M. (1970). Developmental dyslexia: A constitutional disorder of symbolic perception. Research Publications Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease, 48, 266-271.
19. Decker, S. N. (1989). Cognitive processing rates among disabled and normal reading young adults: A nine year follow-up study. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 1, 123-134.
20. Duda, R. O., & Hart, P. E. (1973). Pattern classification and scene analysis. New York: Wiley.
21. Frauenheim, J. G., & Heckerl, J. R. (1983). A longitudinal study of psychological and achievement performance in severe dyslexic adults. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 16, 339-347.
22. Gregg, N., Hoy, C., & Gay, A. F. (1996). Adults with learning disabilities: Theoretical and practical perspectives. New York: Guilford Press.
23. Hinselwood, J. (1917). Congenital word-blindness. London: H. K. Lewis.
24. Kail, R., Hall, L. K., & Caskey, B. J. (1999). Processing speed, exposure to print, and naming speed. Applied Psycholinguistics, 20, 303-314.
25. Laasonen, M., Service, E., & Virsu, V. (2001). Temporal order and processing acuity of visual, auditory, and tactile perception in developmentally dyslexic young adults. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 1, 394-410.
26. Laasonen, M., Service, E., & Virsu, V. (2002). Crossmodal temporal order and processing acuity in developmentally dyslexic young adults. Brain and Language, 80, 340-354.
27. Laasonen, M., Virsu, V., Oinonen, S., Sandbacka, M., Salakari, A., & Service, E. (2010). Impairment in both phonological and sensory short-term memory in adults with developmental dyslexia: A challenge for STM theories. Memory, in revision (conditionally accepted).
28. Lefly, D. L., & Pennington, B. F. (1991). Spelling errors and reading fluency in compensated adult dyslexics. Annals of Dyslexia, 41, 143-162.
29. Leinonen, S., Müller, K., Leppänen, P. H. T., Aro, M., Ahonen, T., & Lyytinen, H. (2001). Heterogeneity in adult dyslexic readers: Relating processing skills to the speed and accuracy of oral text reading. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 14, 265-296.
30. Lindeman, J. (1998). Ala-asteen lukutesti (comprehensive school reading test). Jyväskylä: University of Turku, Centre for Learning Research.
31. Lovett, M. W. (1987). A developmental approach to reading disability: Accuracy and speed criteria of normal and deficient reading skill. Child Development, 58, 234-260.
32. Manis, F. R., Seidenberg, M. S., Doi, L. M., & McBride-Chang, C. (1996). On the bases of two subtypes of development dyslexia. Cognition, 58, 157-195.
33. McAnally, K. I., Castles, A., & Stuart, G. W. (2000). Visual and auditory processing impairments in subtypes of developmental dyslexia: A discussion. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 12, 145-156.
34. Morton, J. (1969). Interaction of information in word recognition. Psychological Review, 76, 165-178.
35. Orton Dyslexia Society (1994). A new definition of dyslexia. Bulletin of the Orton Dyslexia Society (Fall).
36. Paulesu, E., Démonet, J.-F., Fazio, F., McCrory, E., Chanoine, V., Brunswick, N., Cappa, S. F., Cossu, G., Habib, M., Frith, C. D., & Frith, U. (2001). Dyslexia: Cultural diversity and biological unity. Science, 291, 2165-2167.
37. Pennington, B. F. (2006). From single to multiple deficit models of developmental disorders. Cognition, 101, 385-413.
38. Pennington, B. F., & Bishop, D. V. M. (2009). Relations among speech, language, and reading disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 283-306.
39. Ramus, F., Rosen, S., Dakin, S. C., Day, B. L., Castellote, J. M., White, S., & Frith, U. (2003). Theories of developmental dyslexia: Insights from a multiple case study of dyslexic adults. Brain, 126, 841-865.
40. Service, E., Antervo, A., Ala-Tuuhonen, K., Luukkonen, H., Viitala, S., & Väänänen, T. (1999). Alustavia viitearvoja peruskoululaisten lukutaitoon liittyvissä tehtävissä. Osa I: Kieleen liittyvät tehtävät. (Preliminary reference values in tasks related to reading skill in comprehensive school pupils. Part I: Language-related tasks). Psykologia, 34, 264-273.
41. Seymour, P. H. (1986). A cognitive analysis of dyslexia. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
42. Seymour, P. H., & Elder, L. (1986). Beginning reading without phonology. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 3, 1-36.
43. Seymour, P. H., & MacGregor, C. J. (1984). Developmental dyslexia: A cognitive experimental analysis of phonological, morphemic, and visual impairments. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 1, 43-82.
44. Shallice, T. (1988). From neuropsychology to mental structure. New York: Cambridge University Press.
45. Slaghuis, W. L., & Ryan, J. F. (2006). Directional motion contrast sensitivity in developmental dyslexia. Vision Research, 46, 3291-3303.
46. Snowling, M. J. (2000). Dyslexia (2nd ed.). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers.
47. Stanovich, K. E., Siegel, L. S., & Gottardo, A. (1997). Progress in the search of Dyslexia subtypes. In C. Hulme & M. Snowling (Eds.), Dyslexia: Biology, cognition and intervention (pp. 108-131). London: Whurr Publishers.
48. Tallal, P. (1980). Auditory temporal perception, phonics, and reading disabilities in children. Brain and Language, 9, 182-198.
49. Temple, C. M., & Marshall, J. C. (1983). A case study of developmental phonological dyslexia. British Journal of Psychology, 74, 517-533.
50. Torgesen, J. K., Wagner, R. K., & Rashotte, C. A. (1994). Longitudinal studies of phonological processing and reading. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 27, 276-286.
51. Vukovic, R. K., & Siegel, L. S. (2006). The double-deficit hypothesis: A comprehensive analysis of the evidence. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39, 25-47.
52. Walker, K. M. M., Hall, S. E., Klein, R. M., & Phillips, D. P. (2006). Development of perceptual correlates of reading performance. Brain Research, 1124, 126-141.
53. Ward, J. H. (1963). Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 58, 236-244.
54. Wechsler, D. (1992). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised: Manual. Helsinki, Finland: Psykologien Kustannus Oy.
55. Wetherill, G. B., & Levitt, H. (1965). Sequential estimation of points on a psychometric function. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 18, 1-10.
56. Wimmer, H. (1993). Characteristics of developmental dyslexia in a regular writing system. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14, 1-33.
57. Wolf, M. (1986). Rapid alternating stimulus naming in the developmental dyslexias. Brain and Language, 27, 360-379.
58. Wolf, M. (1999). What time may tell: Towards a new conceptualization of developmental dyslexia. Annals of Dyslexia, 49, 3-28.
59. Wolf, M., & Bowers, P. G. (1999). The double-deficit hypothesis for the developmental dyslexias. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 415-438.
60. Wolf, M., Bowers, P. G., & Biddle, K. (2000). Naming-speed processes, timing, and reading: A conceptual review. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 33, 387-407.