메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 1-236

The language difference: Language and development in the greater mekong sub-region

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 81155132445     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (19)

References (350)
  • 1
    • 0000909264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development history and its implications for development theory
    • Adelman, I. and Morris, C. (1997) Development history and its implications for development theory. World Development 25 (6), 831-840.
    • (1997) World Development , vol.25 , Issue.6 , pp. 831-840
    • Adelman, I.1    Morris, C.2
  • 3
    • 34548598284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating literacy, culture, and language to improve health care quality for diverse populations
    • Andrulis, D. and Brach, C. (2007) Integrating literacy, culture, and language to improve health care quality for diverse populations. American Journal of Health Behaviour Suppl. 1, S122-133.
    • (2007) American Journal of Health Behaviour , pp. S122-S133
    • Andrulis, D.1    Brach, C.2
  • 4
    • 0003457003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Singapore: Ten Wah Press
    • Asian Development Bank (ADB) (1997) Annual Report 1997. Singapore: Ten Wah Press.
    • (1997) Annual Report 1997
  • 5
    • 34547472321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hong Kong: Asian Development Bank
    • Asian Development Bank (ADB) (2007) Asian Development Outlook 2007. Update. Hong Kong: Asian Development Bank.
    • (2007) Asian Development Outlook 2007. Update
  • 7
  • 8
    • 0025587012 scopus 로고
    • Threshold externalities in economic development
    • Azariadis, C. and Drazen, A. (1990) Threshold externalities in economic development. Quarterly Journal of Economics 105, 501-526.
    • (1990) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.105 , pp. 501-526
    • Azariadis, C.1    Drazen, A.2
  • 10
    • 0029484919 scopus 로고
    • Inequality and growth reconsidered: Lessons from East Asia
    • Birdsall, N., Ross, D. and Sabot, R. (1995) Inequality and growth reconsidered: Lessons from East Asia. World Bank Economic Review 9 (3), 477-508.
    • (1995) World Bank Economic Review , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 477-508
    • Birdsall, N.1    Ross, D.2    Sabot, R.3
  • 11
    • 34248736161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supping with the dismal scientists. Practical interdisciplinarity in language education and development economics
    • Bruthiaux, P. (2000) Supping with the dismal scientists. Practical interdisciplinarity in language education and development economics. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 21, 270-291.
    • (2000) Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , vol.21 , pp. 270-291
    • Bruthiaux, P.1
  • 12
    • 0032777195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the place of African indigenous languages in African education
    • Bunyi, G. (1999) Rethinking the place of African indigenous languages in African education. International Journal of Educational Development 19, 337-350.
    • (1999) International Journal of Educational Development , vol.19 , pp. 337-350
    • Bunyi, G.1
  • 14
    • 0003845462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 8.9.09
    • Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2009) The World Factbook. On WWW at http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/la.html. Accessed 8.9.09.
    • (2009) The World Factbook
  • 15
    • 0034096430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of financing and quality changes on health care demand in Niger
    • Chawla, M. and Ellis, R. (2000) The impact of financing and quality changes on health care demand in Niger. Health Policy and Planning 15, 76-84.
    • (2000) Health Policy and Planning , vol.15 , pp. 76-84
    • Chawla, M.1    Ellis, R.2
  • 19
    • 0026340804 scopus 로고
    • User charges for health care: A review of recent experience
    • Creese, A. (1991) User charges for health care: A review of recent experience. Health Policy and Planning 6 (4), 309-319.
    • (1991) Health Policy and Planning , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 309-319
    • Creese, A.1
  • 20
    • 0030875156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • User fees: They don’t reduce costs, and they increase inequity
    • Creese, A. (1997) User fees: They don’t reduce costs, and they increase inequity. Br Med J 315, 202-204.
    • (1997) Br Med J , vol.315 , pp. 202-204
    • Creese, A.1
  • 23
    • 0003728747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • White Paper on International Development. London: DFID
    • Department for International Development (1997) Eliminating World Poverty: A Challenge for the 21st Century. White Paper on International Development. London: DFID.
    • (1997) Eliminating World Poverty: A Challenge for the 21st Century
  • 24
    • 0344586197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic Policy in a Highly Dollarized Economy: The case of Cambodia
    • de Zamaroczy, M. and Sa, S. (2003) Economic Policy in a Highly Dollarized Economy: The case of Cambodia. IMF Occasional Paper 219.
    • (2003) IMF Occasional Paper , pp. 219
    • de Zamaroczy, M.1    Sa, S.2
  • 28
    • 85046759699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Economist Intelligence Unit’s Index of Democracy 2008
    • On WWW at, Accessed 24.4.09
    • Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) (2008) The Economist Intelligence Unit’s Index of Democracy 2008. The Economist. On WWW at http://a330.g.akamai.net/7/330/25828/20081021185552/graphics.eiu.com/PDF/Democracy%20Index%202008.pdf. Accessed 24.4.09.
    • (2008) The Economist
  • 30
    • 74049088493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15th edn, Dallas, TX: SIL International. On WWW at, Accessed 10.6.09
    • Ethnologue (2005) Ethnologue: Languages of the World (15th edn). Dallas, TX: SIL International. On WWW at http://www.ethnologue.com/web.asp. Accessed 10.6.09.
    • (2005) Ethnologue: Languages of the World
  • 31
    • 34247667395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language rights and language justice in the constitutions of the world
    • Faingold, E. (2004) Language rights and language justice in the constitutions of the world. Language Problems and Language Planning 28 (1), 11-24.
    • (2004) Language Problems and Language Planning , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-24
    • Faingold, E.1
  • 32
    • 0003601264 scopus 로고
    • Ch. L.Markmann, trans, New York:Grove
    • Fanon, F. (1967) Black Skin, White Masks (Ch. L.Markmann, trans.).New York:Grove.
    • (1967) Black Skin, White Masks
    • Fanon, F.1
  • 33
    • 0040923369 scopus 로고
    • Nationality-nationalism and nation-nationism
    • J. Fishman, C. Ferguson and J. Das Gupta (eds), New York: John Wiley & Sons
    • Fishman, J. (1968) Nationality-nationalism and nation-nationism. In J. Fishman, C. Ferguson and J. Das Gupta (eds) Language Problems of Developing Nations (pp. 39-51). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    • (1968) Language Problems of Developing Nations , pp. 39-51
    • Fishman, J.1
  • 34
    • 0004065233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ON WWW at, Accessed 22.9.09
    • Freedom House (2009) Freedom in the World 2009. ON WWW at http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page_22&year_2009&country_7642. Accessed 22.9.09.
    • (2009) Freedom in the World 2009
    • House, F.1
  • 35
    • 0030709359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lessons of user fee experience in Africa
    • Gilson, L. (1997) The lessons of user fee experience in Africa. Health Policy and Planning 12, 273-285.
    • (1997) Health Policy and Planning , vol.12 , pp. 273-285
    • Gilson, L.1
  • 36
    • 0034885373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies for promoting equity experience with community financing in three African countries
    • Gilson, L., Kalyalya, D., Kuchler, F., Lake, S., Oranga, H. and Ouendo, M. (2001) Strategies for promoting equity experience with community financing in three African countries. Health Policy 58, 37-67.
    • (2001) Health Policy , vol.58 , pp. 37-67
    • Gilson, L.1    Kalyalya, D.2    Kuchler, F.3    Lake, S.4    Oranga, H.5    Ouendo, M.6
  • 37
    • 0028806886 scopus 로고
    • The political economy of user fees with targeting: Developing equitable health financing policy
    • Gilson, L., Russell, S. and Buse, K. (1995) The political economy of user fees with targeting: Developing equitable health financing policy. Journal of International Development 7, 369-401.
    • (1995) Journal of International Development , vol.7 , pp. 369-401
    • Gilson, L.1    Russell, S.2    Buse, K.3
  • 38
    • 18444365717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15th ed, Dallas, TX: SIL International. On WWW at, Accessed 10.7.08
    • Gordon, R. (ed.) (2005) Ethnologue: Languages of the World (15th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International. On WWW at http://www.ethnologue.com. Accessed 10.7.08.
    • (2005) Ethnologue: Languages of the World
    • Gordon, R.1
  • 41
    • 0012075499 scopus 로고
    • Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press
    • Graff, H. (1995) Labyrinths of Literacy. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
    • (1995) Labyrinths of Literacy
    • Graff, H.1
  • 43
    • 7444251985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic approaches to language and language planning: An introduction
    • Grin, F. (1996) Economic approaches to language and language planning: An introduction. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 121, 1-16.
    • (1996) International Journal of the Sociology of Language , vol.121 , pp. 1-16
    • Grin, F.1
  • 47
    • 85050427324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 1.12.08
    • International Development Association (IDA) (2007) Fragile States: List of Fragile States (2007). On WWW at http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/IDA/0, contentMD. Accessed 1.12.08.
    • (2007) Fragile States: List of Fragile States (2007)
  • 48
    • 34247108825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy Research Working Paper 4654. Washington, DC: The World Bank Development Research Group Macroeconomics and Growth Team and World Bank Institute Global Governance Program. June 2008. On WWW at, Accessed 15.10.08
    • Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A. and Mastruzzi, M. (2008) Governance Matters VII: Aggregate and Individual Governance Indicators 1996-2007. Policy Research Working Paper 4654. Washington, DC: The World Bank Development Research Group Macroeconomics and Growth Team and World Bank Institute Global Governance Program. June 2008. On WWW at http://ssm.com/abstract_1148386. Accessed 15.10.08.
    • (2008) Governance Matters VII: Aggregate and Individual Governance Indicators 1996-2007
    • Kaufmann, D.1    Kraay, A.2    Mastruzzi, M.3
  • 49
    • 50249087888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of health literacy on health outcomes in ambulatory care patients: A systematic review
    • Keller, D., Wright, J. and Pace, H. (2008) Impact of health literacy on health outcomes in ambulatory care patients: A systematic review. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 42 (9), 1272-1281.
    • (2008) The Annals of Pharmacotherapy , vol.42 , Issue.9 , pp. 1272-1281
    • Keller, D.1    Wright, J.2    Pace, H.3
  • 51
    • 85050168668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vernaculars in literacy and basic education in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand
    • Kosonen, K. (2005) Vernaculars in literacy and basic education in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand. Current Issues in Language Planning 6 (2), 122-142.
    • (2005) Current Issues in Language Planning , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 122-142
    • Kosonen, K.1
  • 52
    • 85050168668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vernaculars in literacy and basic education in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand
    • A. Liddicoat (ed.), Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Kosonen, K. (2007) Vernaculars in literacy and basic education in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand. In A. Liddicoat (ed.) Issues in Language Planning and Literacy (pp. 122-142). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
    • (2007) Issues in Language Planning and Literacy , pp. 122-142
    • Kosonen, K.1
  • 55
    • 33745770145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AFirst Look at the Literacy of America’s Adults in the 21st Century
    • Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. On WWW at, Accessed 30.6.08
    • Kutner, M., Greenberg, E., and Baer, J. (2005)AFirst Look at the Literacy of America’s Adults in the 21st Century. National Center for Educational Statistics: US Department of Education. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. On WWW at http://nces.ed.gov/NAAL/PDF/2006470.PDF. Accessed 30.6.08.
    • (2005) National Center for Educational Statistics: US Department of Education
    • Kutner, M.1    Greenberg, E.2    Baer, J.3
  • 58
    • 0027336070 scopus 로고
    • User charges for health services in developing countries: A review of the economic literature
    • McPake, B. (1993) User charges for health services in developing countries: A review of the economic literature. Social Science and Medicine 36, 1397-1405.
    • (1993) Social Science and Medicine , vol.36 , pp. 1397-1405
    • McPake, B.1
  • 59
    • 33845869888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poverty and user fees for public health care in low-income countries: Lessons from Uganda and Cambodia
    • Meessen, B., Van Damme, W., Tashobya, C. and Tibouti, A. (2006) Poverty and user fees for public health care in low-income countries: Lessons from Uganda and Cambodia. The Lancet 368 (9554), 2253-2257.
    • (2006) The Lancet , vol.368 , Issue.9554 , pp. 2253-2257
    • Meessen, B.1    Damme, V.W.2    Tashobya, C.3    Tibouti, A.4
  • 60
    • 67651037634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linguistic maps, literary geographies, and cultural landscapes: Languages, languaging, and (trans)nationalism
    • Mignolo, W. (1996) Linguistic maps, literary geographies, and cultural landscapes: Languages, languaging, and (trans)nationalism. Modern Language Quarterly 57 (2), 181-196.
    • (1996) Modern Language Quarterly , vol.57 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-196
    • Mignolo, W.1
  • 66
    • 33644498789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current bibliographies in medicine; no 2000-1. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service National Institutes of Health
    • Seldon, C., Zorn, M., Ratzan, S. and Parker, R. (2000) Health Literacy. Current bibliographies in medicine; no 2000-1. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service National Institutes of Health.
    • (2000) Health Literacy
    • Seldon, C.1    Zorn, M.2    Ratzan, S.3    Parker, R.4
  • 73
    • 85050438840 scopus 로고
    • Monograph on Fundamental Education, Paris: UNESCO
    • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) (1953) The Use of the Vernacular Languages in Education. (Monograph on Fundamental Education No. 8). Paris: UNESCO.
    • (1953) The Use of the Vernacular Languages in Education , Issue.8
  • 76
    • 0004284949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geneva: UNAIDS -UNRISD
    • United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) (2000) AIDS in the Context of Development. Geneva: UNAIDS -UNRISD.
    • (2000) AIDS in the Context of Development
  • 78
    • 0029531093 scopus 로고
    • Literacy and development: Rationales, myths, innovations, and future directions
    • Wagner, D. (1995) Literacy and development: Rationales, myths, innovations, and future directions. International Journal of Educational Development 15, 341-362.
    • (1995) International Journal of Educational Development , vol.15 , pp. 341-362
    • Wagner, D.1
  • 79
    • 0033965545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic inequalities in child mortality: Comparisons across nine developing countries
    • Wagstaff, A. (2000) Socioeconomic inequalities in child mortality: Comparisons across nine developing countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 78, 19-29.
    • (2000) Bulletin of the World Health Organization , vol.78 , pp. 19-29
    • Wagstaff, A.1
  • 81
    • 73249138108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social Health Insurance vs. Tax-Financed Health Systems-Evidence from the OECD
    • #4821. Washington, DC: The World Bank
    • Wagstaff, A. (2009) Social Health Insurance vs. Tax-Financed Health Systems-Evidence from the OECD. Policy Research Working Paper #4821. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
    • (2009) Policy Research Working Paper
    • Wagstaff, A.1
  • 82
    • 0032790912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilingualism in democratic South Africa: The overestimation of language policy
    • Webb, V. (1999) Multilingualism in democratic South Africa: The overestimation of language policy. International Journal of Educational Development 19, 351-366.
    • (1999) International Journal of Educational Development , vol.19 , pp. 351-366
    • Webb, V.1
  • 83
    • 0035828381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Equity and health sector reforms: Can low-income countries escape the medical poverty trap?
    • Whitehead, M., Dahlgren, G. and Evans, T. (2001) Equity and health sector reforms: Can low-income countries escape the medical poverty trap? Lancet 358 (9284), 833-836.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , Issue.9284 , pp. 833-836
    • Whitehead, M.1    Dahlgren, G.2    Evans, T.3
  • 85
    • 18244382504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways and labyrinths: Language and education in development
    • Williams, E. and Cooke, J. (2002) Pathways and labyrinths: Language and education in development. TESOL Quarterly 36 (3), 297-322.
    • (2002) TESOL Quarterly , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 297-322
    • Williams, E.1    Cooke, J.2
  • 88
    • 85050435250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging Stronger from the Crisis
    • On WWW at, Accessed 8.6.10
    • World Bank (2010) Emerging Stronger from the Crisis. East Asia and Pacific Economic Update 2010, Volume 1. On WWW at http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTEAPHALFYEARLYUPDATE/Resources/550192-1270538603148/eap_april 2010_fullreport.pdf. Accessed 8.6.10.
    • (2010) East Asia and Pacific Economic Update 2010, Volume 1
  • 89
    • 85050433091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambodia: Slowdown Sharper Than Expected
    • Issue of 4 April 2009
    • Asia Monitor (2009) Cambodia: Slowdown Sharper Than Expected. Volume 20, South East Asia 1, p. 6, Issue of 4 April 2009.
    • (2009) South East Asia , vol.20 , Issue.1
  • 90
    • 85050426847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Bank: Cambodia’s economy to recover in 2010
    • 9 May 2009.On WWW at, Accessed 3.6.10
    • Asian Affairs (2009a) World Bank: Cambodia’s economy to recover in 2010. The Voice of Southern Asia.9 May 2009.On WWW at http://www.aseanaffairs.com /cambodia_daily_news_updates/economy/world_bank_cambodia_s_economy_ to_recover_in_2010. Accessed 3.6.10.
    • (2009) The Voice of Southern Asia
  • 91
    • 85050426274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambodian garment exports hit hard by global downturn
    • 29 March 2009. On WWW at, Accessed 20.6.09
    • Asian Affairs (2009b) Cambodian garment exports hit hard by global downturn. The Voice of Southern Asia. 29 March 2009. On WWW at http://www.aseanaffairs. com/cambodian_garment_exports_hit_hard_by_global_downturn. Accessed 20.6.09.
    • (2009) The Voice of Southern Asia
  • 92
    • 85050423856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2008. On WWW at, Accessed 12.3.09
    • Asian Development Bank (ADB) (2008) Asian Development & Cambodia: A fact sheet. 2008. On WWW at www.adb.org/cambodia. Accessed 12.3.09.
    • (2008) Asian Development & Cambodia: A fact sheet
  • 94
    • 85050429417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 15.8.09
    • Baars, P. (2005) Land of their own. On WWW at http://www.adb.org/Documents/Periodicals/ADB_Review/2005/vol37-2/land-own.asp. Accessed 15.8.09.
    • (2005) Land of their own
    • Baars, P.1
  • 95
    • 77949875274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: The World Bank and the Royal Government of Cambodia
    • Benveniste, L., Marshall, J. and Caridad, A. (2008) Teaching in Cambodia. Washington, DC: The World Bank and the Royal Government of Cambodia.
    • (2008) Teaching in Cambodia
    • Benveniste, L.1    Marshall, J.2    Caridad, A.3
  • 96
    • 85050438383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential Poverty and Social Impacts of Cambodia’s proposed Social Land Concession Program -Presentation and Discussion of Results and Recommendations from the PSIA exercise
    • Paper presented at the PSIA Workshop, 20 May. Phnom Penh, Cambodia. On WWW at, Accessed 8.2.09
    • Bird, M. (2004) Potential Poverty and Social Impacts of Cambodia’s proposed Social Land Concession Program -Presentation and Discussion of Results and Recommendations from the PSIA exercise. Workshop Documentation. Paper presented at the PSIA Workshop, 20 May. Phnom Penh, Cambodia. On WWW at http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTCAMBODIA/Resources/PSIA-Documentation-And.pdf. Accessed 8.2.09.
    • (2004) Workshop Documentation
    • Bird, M.1
  • 97
    • 85012221461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Religious diversity and change among Cambodia’s Muslims
    • Norwegian University of Science and Technology
    • Blengsli, B. (2003) Religious diversity and change among Cambodia’s Muslims. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
    • (2003) Unpublished doctoral dissertation
    • Blengsli, B.1
  • 98
    • 81155132444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Millennium Development Goal progress a mixed bag
    • On WWW at, Accessed 18.9.09
    • Boulet, R. (2009) Millennium Development Goal progress a mixed bag. Phnom Penh Post. On WWW at http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/Education-and-Career/Millennium-Development-Goal-progress-a-mixedbag. html. Accessed 18.9.09.
    • (2009) Phnom Penh Post
    • Boulet, R.1
  • 99
    • 84870410507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC)
    • Cambodia (2007) Education Law. Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC).
    • (2007) Education Law
  • 100
    • 85050428063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phnom Penh: National Education for All Committee, Royal Government of Cambodia. December 2007
    • Cambodia (2008) National EFA mid-Decade Assessment Report 2005. Phnom Penh: National Education for All Committee, Royal Government of Cambodia. December 2007.
    • (2008) National EFA mid-Decade Assessment Report 2005
  • 102
    • 0002047680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building the New Cambodia: Educational destruction and construction under the Khmer Rouge, 1975-1979
    • Clayton, T. (1998) Building the New Cambodia: Educational destruction and construction under the Khmer Rouge, 1975-1979. History of Education Quarterly 38 (1), 1-16.
    • (1998) History of Education Quarterly , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-16
    • Clayton, T.1
  • 104
    • 76349104062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International languages in education in developing countries: Implications for Cambodia
    • J. Lo Bianco (ed.), Melbourne: Language Australia Ltd. The National Languages and Literacy Institute of Australia
    • Clayton, T. (2002) International languages in education in developing countries: Implications for Cambodia. In J. Lo Bianco (ed.) Voices from Phnom Penh. Development & Language: Global Influences & Local Effects (pp. 87-102). Melbourne: Language Australia Ltd. The National Languages and Literacy Institute of Australia.
    • (2002) Voices from Phnom Penh. Development & Language: Global Influences & Local Effects , pp. 87-102
    • Clayton, T.1
  • 105
    • 84897897499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transition, culture and language in Cambodia
    • A. Tsui and J. Tollefson (eds), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Clayton, T. (2007) Transition, culture and language in Cambodia. In A. Tsui and J. Tollefson (eds) Language Policy, Culture, and Identity in Asian Contexts (pp. 95-117). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (2007) Language Policy, Culture, and Identity in Asian Contexts , pp. 95-117
    • Clayton, T.1
  • 108
    • 85050449114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economics@ANZ. On WWW at, Accessed 17.5.09
    • Dean, K. and Joiner, A. (2007) Cambodia Economic Update. Economics@ANZ. On WWW at http://www.anz.com/documents/economics/CambodiaEconomicUpdateJun07. pdf. Accessed 17.5.09.
    • (2007) Cambodia Economic Update
    • Dean, K.1    Joiner, A.2
  • 110
    • 85050442444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Informal Economy in Cambodia
    • January-March 2005
    • Economic Institute of Cambodia (EIC) (2005) Informal Economy in Cambodia. EIC, January-March 2005.
    • (2005) EIC
  • 112
    • 85050448782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambodia Economic Statistics and Indicators
    • 30 May 2010, On WWW at, Accessed 6.6.10
    • Economy Watch (2010) Cambodia Economic Statistics and Indicators, 30 May 2010. Economy, Investment & Finance Reports. On WWW at http://www.economywatch.com/economic-statistics/country/Cambodia/. Accessed 6.6.10.
    • (2010) Economy, Investment & Finance Reports
  • 113
    • 55449106378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No justice, No peace? National reconciliation and local conflict resolution in Cambodia
    • Gellman, M. (2008) No justice, No peace? National reconciliation and local conflict resolution in Cambodia. Asian Perspective 32 (2), 37-57.
    • (2008) Asian Perspective , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 37-57
    • Gellman, M.1
  • 115
    • 85050435972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chinese political and economic influence grows in Cambodia
    • 15 February
    • Gray, D. (2000) Chinese political and economic influence grows in Cambodia. Cambodia Daily, 15 February, p. 12.
    • (2000) Cambodia Daily , pp. 12
    • Gray, D.1
  • 116
    • 85050443986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brussels, Belgium: International Confederation of Free Trade Unions. On WWW at, Accessed 13.4.09
    • Grumiau, S. (2005) Cambodia: Increasing Pressure on Trade Union Rights. Brussels, Belgium: International Confederation of Free Trade Unions. On WWW at www.icftu.org/www/PDF/LMSrapportCambodiaEN.pdf. Accessed 13.4.09.
    • (2005) Cambodia: Increasing Pressure on Trade Union Rights
    • Grumiau, S.1
  • 117
    • 81155123893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development as tragedy: The Asian Development Bank and indigenous people in Cambodia
    • P. Hammer (ed.), Centre for Khmer Studies. On WWW at
    • Hammer, P. (2009) Development as tragedy: The Asian Development Bank and indigenous people in Cambodia. In P. Hammer (ed.) Living on the Margins: Minorities and Borderlines in Cambodia and Southeast Asia. Centre for Khmer Studies. On WWW at http://ssrn.com/abstract_1371595.
    • (2009) Living on the Margins: Minorities and Borderlines in Cambodia and Southeast Asia
    • Hammer, P.1
  • 118
    • 1642553462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Access to health for all? User fees plus a Health Equity Fund in Sotnikum, Cambodia
    • Hardeman, W., Van Damme, W., van Pelt, M., Kimvan, H. and Meessen, B. (2004) Access to health for all? User fees plus a Health Equity Fund in Sotnikum, Cambodia. Health Policy and Planning 19 (1), 22-32.
    • (2004) Health Policy and Planning , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-32
    • Hardeman, W.1    Van Damme, W.2    van Pelt, M.3    Kimvan, H.4    Meessen, B.5
  • 119
    • 85050431565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambodian economy to grow 4.5pct in 2010-ADB
    • 22 April 2010. On WWW at, Accessed 6.6.10
    • Intellasia (2010) Cambodian economy to grow 4.5pct in 2010-ADB. 22 April 2010. On WWW at http://www.intellasia.net/news/articles/regional/111292487. shtml. Accessed 6.6.10.
    • (2010) Intellasia
  • 120
    • 85050424320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Oil Find to Enrich, or Corrupt, Cambodia?
    • 3 November 2006. On WWW at, Accessed 8.1.08
    • International Herald Tribune (IHT) (2006) An Oil Find to Enrich, or Corrupt, Cambodia? The New York Times, 3 November 2006. On WWW at http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/03/business/worldbusiness/03iht-cambo.3383567. html?_r_1. Accessed 8.1.08.
    • (2006) The New York Times
  • 121
    • 32644461257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IMF Country Report No. 03/59. Washington, DC: IMF
    • International Monetary Fund (IMF) (2003) Cambodia: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix. IMF Country Report No. 03/59. Washington, DC: IMF.
    • (2003) Cambodia: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
  • 122
    • 62149128850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IMF Country Report No. 07/291: Washington, DC
    • International Monetary Fund (IMF) (2007) Cambodia: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix. IMF Country Report No. 07/291: Washington, DC.
    • (2007) Cambodia: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
  • 123
    • 85050428417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • With new law, land rights issues present complex picture
    • On WWW at, Accessed 3.7.09
    • Jover-Cataldi, G. (2009) With new law, land rights issues present complex picture. In Virginia Law: The Human Rights Study Project Cowan Fellows. On WWW at http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2009_spr/hrsp09/jover.htm. Accessed 3.7.09.
    • (2009) Virginia Law: The Human Rights Study Project Cowan Fellows
    • Jover-Cataldi, G.1
  • 125
    • 85050436179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambodge
    • Québec: TLFQ, Université Laval. On WWW at, Accessed 9.4.09
    • Leclerc, J. (2009) Cambodge. In L’Aménagement linguistique dans le monde. Québec: TLFQ, Université Laval. On WWW at http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/asie/cambodge.htm. Accessed 9.4.09.
    • (2009) L’Aménagement linguistique dans le monde
    • Leclerc, J.1
  • 130
    • 85050423681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC)
    • Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Cambodia (MoEYS) (2001) Education Strategic Plan 2001-05. Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC).
    • (2001) Education Strategic Plan 2001-05
  • 131
    • 84855758854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC)
    • Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Cambodia (MoEYS) (2004a) Education Sector Performance Report 2004. Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC).
    • (2004) Education Sector Performance Report 2004
  • 132
    • 44649181439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC)
    • Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Cambodia (MoEYS) (2004b) Education Strategic Plan 2004-08. Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC).
    • (2004) Education Strategic Plan 2004-08
  • 133
    • 78651493538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC)
    • Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Cambodia (MoEYS) (2005) Education Strategic Plan 2006-2010. Phnom Penh: Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC).
    • (2005) Education Strategic Plan 2006-2010
  • 136
    • 85050428572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambodia’s Highland Community Education Program
    • Language Revitalisation and Multilingual Education in Ethnolinguistic Communities, 1-3 July. Bangkok, Thailand
    • Noorlander, J. and Ven, C. (2008) Cambodia’s Highland Community Education Program. Paper presented at the Second International Conference on Language Development, Language Revitalisation and Multilingual Education in Ethnolinguistic Communities, 1-3 July. Bangkok, Thailand.
    • (2008) Paper presented at the Second International Conference on Language Development
    • Noorlander, J.1    Ven, C.2
  • 138
    • 85050428544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economics@ANZ. April 2008. On WWW at, Accessed 17.5.09
    • Robinson, J. and Marlin, A. (2008) Lao PDR Country Update. Economics@ANZ. April 2008. On WWW at http://www.anz.com/documents/economics/ANZ% 20Laos%20Country%20Report%20%20April%202008.pdf. Accessed 17.5.09.
    • (2008) Lao PDR Country Update
    • Robinson, J.1    Marlin, A.2
  • 139
    • 85050433610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enrolment Dips with Rise in Private Schools
    • Phnom Penh
    • Samean, Y. (2003) Enrolment Dips with Rise in Private Schools. The Cambodian Daily Vol. 27, Issue 41, Phnom Penh.
    • (2003) The Cambodian Daily , vol.27 , Issue.41
    • Samean, Y.1
  • 142
    • 0037373698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving government health services through contract management: A case from Cambodia
    • Soeters, R. and Griffiths, F. (2003) Improving government health services through contract management: A case from Cambodia. Health Policy and Planning 18, 74-83.
    • (2003) Health Policy and Planning , vol.18 , pp. 74-83
    • Soeters, R.1    Griffiths, F.2
  • 143
    • 84941303190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 15.8.09
    • STAR Kampuchea Organisation (2007) Landlessness and land conflicts in Cambodia. On WWW at www.landcoalition.org/pdf/07_r%5Bt_land_cambodia. pdf. Accessed 15.8.09.
    • (2007) Landlessness and land conflicts in Cambodia
  • 144
    • 34547368101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Education reforms in Cambodia: Issues and concerns
    • Tan, C. (2007) Education reforms in Cambodia: Issues and concerns. Educational Research Policy and Practice 6, 15-24.
    • (2007) Educational Research Policy and Practice , vol.6 , pp. 15-24
    • Tan, C.1
  • 145
    • 85050441472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambodian Export in 2009 Dropped by 18.2%; Cambodian Economy in 2010 Might Achieve Growth
    • 21 January. On WWW at, Accessed 3.6.10
    • The Mirror (2010) Cambodian Export in 2009 Dropped by 18.2%; Cambodian Economy in 2010 Might Achieve Growth. The Mirror 14, No. 648. 21 January. On WWW at http://www.expat-advisory.com/articles/asia/southeast-asia/cambodia/cambodian-export-2009-dropped-182-cambodian-economy-2010-might. Accessed 3.6.10.
    • (2010) The Mirror , vol.14 , Issue.648
    • Mirror, T.1
  • 146
    • 85050425083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community Ownership Strengthens Multilingual non-Formal Education in the Cambodian Highlands
    • Language Revitalization and Multilingual Education in Ethnolinguistic Communities. 1-3 July, Bangkok, Thailand
    • Thomas, A. (2008) Community Ownership Strengthens Multilingual non-Formal Education in the Cambodian Highlands. Paper presented at the Second International Conference on Language Development, Language Revitalization and Multilingual Education in Ethnolinguistic Communities. 1-3 July, Bangkok, Thailand.
    • (2008) Paper presented at the Second International Conference on Language Development
    • Thomas, A.1
  • 147
  • 148
    • 79955807878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discussion Paper No. 7, April 2009. UNDP Cambodia, in Cooperation with the Supreme National Economic Council and the Overseas Development Institute
    • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2009b) Cambodia Country Competitiveness: Driving Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction. Discussion Paper No. 7, April 2009. UNDP Cambodia, in Cooperation with the Supreme National Economic Council and the Overseas Development Institute.
    • (2009) Cambodia Country Competitiveness: Driving Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction
  • 149
    • 85050442085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 6 May 2010. On WWW at, Accessed 3.6.10
    • United Nations Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) (2010) Cambodia Briefing Notes for the Launch in Phnom Penh, 6 May 2010. On WWW at http://www.unescap.org/pdd/publications/survey2010/notes/Cambodia.asp. Accessed 3.6.10.
    • (2010) Cambodia Briefing Notes for the Launch in Phnom Penh
  • 152
    • 85050441587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kingdom of Cambodia Ministry of Planning and UNDP. On WWW at, Accessed 1.12.08
    • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2008) Cambodia Human Development Report 2007: Expanding Choices for Rural People. Kingdom of Cambodia Ministry of Planning and UNDP. On WWW at www.un.org.kh/undp/Insights-for-Action/Cambodia-Human-Development-Report-2007-launched-in-Phnom-Penh.html. Accessed 1.12.08.
    • (2008) Cambodia Human Development Report 2007: Expanding Choices for Rural People
  • 153
    • 85050443197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15 August. On WWW at, Accessed 5.7.09
    • USAID Cambodia (2005) Development Challenge. 15 August. On WWW at http://www.usaid.gov/kh/development_challenge.htm. Accessed 5.7.09.
    • (2005) Development Challenge
  • 154
    • 84888155466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The indigenous highlanders of the Northeast: An uncertain future
    • Final draft Report. Centre for Advanced Study, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
    • White, J. (1996) The indigenous highlanders of the Northeast: An uncertain future. In Interdisciplinary Research on Ethnic Groups in Cambodia (pp. 333-374). Final draft Report. Centre for Advanced Study, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
    • (1996) Interdisciplinary Research on Ethnic Groups in Cambodia , pp. 333-374
    • White, J.1
  • 159
    • 77949875274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: The World Bank
    • World Bank (2007) Teaching in Cambodia. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
    • (2007) Teaching in Cambodia
  • 160
    • 85050441406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laos gets closer to WTO accession
    • 13 February. On WWW at, Accessed 6.6.10
    • Asian Affairs (2010) Laos gets closer to WTO accession. 13 February. On WWW at http://www.aseanaffairs.com/laos_news/trade/laos_gets_closer_to_wto_accession. Accessed 6.6.10.
    • (2010) Asian Affairs
  • 161
    • 85050438512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lao Country Report, August 2000
    • Asian Development Bank, TA No. 5794-REG and Research Triangle Institute
    • Asian Development Bank (ADB) (2000) Lao Country Report, August 2000. Health and Education Needs of Ethnic Minorities in the Greater Mekong Sub-region. Asian Development Bank, TA No. 5794-REG and Research Triangle Institute.
    • (2000) Health and Education Needs of Ethnic Minorities in the Greater Mekong Sub-region
  • 164
    • 85050446165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Monitoring Report: East Asia Regional Analysis -Final Draft
    • Background paper commissioned and prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2006, UNESCO 2006/ED/EFA?MRT/PI/13. On WWW at, Accessed 26.11.09
    • Bernard, A. (2005) Global Monitoring Report: East Asia Regional Analysis -Final Draft. Background paper commissioned and prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2006, Literacy for Life. UNESCO 2006/ED/EFA?MRT/PI/13. On WWW at http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001459/145946e.pdf. Accessed 26.11.09
    • (2005) Literacy for Life
    • Bernard, A.1
  • 166
    • 85050440516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study commissioned by the World Health Organisation, Western Pacific Region. Vientiane. On WWW at, Accessed 8.12.07
    • Chariyalertsak, S., Shuey, D. and Rattanavong, F. (2001) Primary Health Care Review in Lao PDR. A study commissioned by the World Health Organisation, Western Pacific Region. Vientiane. On WWW at http://www.wpro.who.int/NR/rdonlyres/D24349FC-7D82-4D2B-9A6E-B3F721E33229/0/lao.pdf. Accessed 8.12.07.
    • (2001) Primary Health Care Review in Lao PDR
    • Chariyalertsak, S.1    Shuey, D.2    Rattanavong, F.3
  • 167
    • 85050442986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Page last updated on January 15, 2010. Accessed 3.6.10
    • CIA World Factbook (2010) On WWW at http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/laos/laos_economy.html. Page last updated on January 15, 2010. Accessed 3.6.10.
    • (2010)
  • 168
    • 85050442185 scopus 로고
    • Constitution of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic
    • 2nd Legislature, Vientiane, 13-15 August. On WWW at, Accessed 12.1.08
    • Constitution of Lao PDR (1991) Constitution of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Adopted by the 6th Session of the People’s Supreme Assembly (2nd Legislature), Vientiane, 13-15 August. On WWW at http://www.laoembassy. com/news/constitution/constitution.htm. Accessed 12.1.08.
    • (1991) Adopted by the 6th Session of the People’s Supreme Assembly
  • 170
    • 85050442061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic Indicators for Laos 2010
    • On WWW at, Accessed 5.5.10
    • Economy Watch (2010) Economic Indicators for Laos 2010. Economy, Investment & Finance Reports. On WWW at http://www.economywatch.com/economicstatistics/country/Laos/year-2010/. Accessed 5.5.10.
    • (2010) Economy, Investment & Finance Reports
  • 171
    • 33845601199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Languages as historical documents: The endangered archive in Laos
    • Enfield, N. (2006a) Languages as historical documents: the endangered archive in Laos. South East Asia Research 14 (3), 471-488.
    • (2006) South East Asia Research , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 471-488
    • Enfield, N.1
  • 172
    • 33845649612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laos: Language situation
    • K. Brown (editor-in-chief), 2nd edn, Oxford: Elsevier
    • Enfield, N. (2006b) Laos: Language situation. In K. Brown (editor-in-chief) Encyclopaedia of Language & Linguistics (2nd edn., Vol. 6) (pp. 698-700). Oxford: Elsevier.
    • (2006) Encyclopaedia of Language & Linguistics , vol.6 , pp. 698-700
    • Enfield, N.1
  • 173
    • 85050432807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 20.1.09
    • eStandard Forum Country Brief (2008) On WWW at http://www.estandardsforum. org/secure_content/country_profiles/cp_45.pdf. Accessed 20.1.09.
    • (2008)
  • 174
    • 0004244658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, University of Washington Press
    • Evans, G. (1999) Laos Culture and Society. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, University of Washington Press.
    • (1999) Laos Culture and Society
    • Evans, G.1
  • 175
    • 84857561157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No place for girls? Gender, ethnicity and citizenship education in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic
    • Fox, C. (2003) No place for girls? Gender, ethnicity and citizenship education in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Compare: A Journal of Comparative Education 33 (3), 401-412.
    • (2003) Compare: A Journal of Comparative Education , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 401-412
    • Fox, C.1
  • 178
    • 85050447059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vientiane: GoL. On WWW at, Accessed 13.1.09
    • Government of Lao PDR (GoL) (2008) National Expenditure on Health. Vientiane: GoL. On WWW at http://www.who.int/nha/country/lao.pdf. Accessed 13.1.09.
    • (2008) National Expenditure on Health
  • 179
    • 4744338846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making health systems more equitable
    • Gwatkin, D., Bhuiya, A. and Victoria, C. (2004) Making health systems more equitable. The Lancet 364, 1273-1280.
    • (2004) The Lancet , vol.364 , pp. 1273-1280
    • Gwatkin, D.1    Bhuiya, A.2    Victoria, C.3
  • 180
    • 0033962108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health inequalities and the health of the poor: What do we know? What can we do?
    • Gwatkin, D. (2000) Health inequalities and the health of the poor: what do we know? What can we do? Bulletin of the World Health Organization 78, 3-18.
    • (2000) Bulletin of the World Health Organization , vol.78 , pp. 3-18
    • Gwatkin, D.1
  • 182
    • 0027865074 scopus 로고
    • Women’s education in developing countries: An overview
    • E. King and M. Hill (eds), Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press
    • Hill, M. and King, E. (1993) Women’s education in developing countries: An overview. In E. King and M. Hill (eds) Women’s Education in Developing Countries: Barriers, Benefits and Policies (pp. 1-50). Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press.
    • (1993) Women’s Education in Developing Countries: Barriers, Benefits and Policies , pp. 1-50
    • Hill, M.1    King, E.2
  • 185
    • 8144229423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The politics of language in Thailand and Laos
    • M. Brown and Š. Ganguly (eds), BCSIA Studies in International Security, in cooperation with the Centre for Peace and Security Studies and the Pacific Basin Research Centre. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Keyes, C. (2003) The politics of language in Thailand and Laos. In M. Brown and Š. Ganguly (eds) Fighting Words: Language Policy and Ethnic Relations in Asia (pp. 177-210). BCSIA Studies in International Security, in cooperation with the Centre for Peace and Security Studies and the Pacific Basin Research Centre. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    • (2003) Fighting Words: Language Policy and Ethnic Relations in Asia , pp. 177-210
    • Keyes, C.1
  • 186
    • 70350299910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Education. Department of Non-Formal Education. Bangkok: UNESCO, Asia-Pacific Regional Bureau for Education. On WWW at, Accessed
    • Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) (2004) Lao National Literacy Survey 2001: Final Report. Ministry of Education. Department of Non-Formal Education. Bangkok: UNESCO, Asia-Pacific Regional Bureau for Education. On WWW at http://www.unescobkk.org/ips/ebooks/documents/LaoNatLiteracy2001/LaosLiteracy.pdf. Accessed 17.12.08.
    • (2004) Lao National Literacy Survey 2001: Final Report
  • 187
    • 79951841900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vientiane: National Statistics Centre
    • Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) (2007) Population Census 2005. Vientiane: National Statistics Centre.
    • (2007) Population Census 2005
  • 188
    • 79960614966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vientiane:Ministry of Education, Lao People’s Democratic Republic
    • Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) (2008) Education for All: Mid-decade Assessment. Vientiane:Ministry of Education, Lao People’s Democratic Republic.
    • (2008) Education for All: Mid-decade Assessment
  • 189
    • 85050440299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lao Economic Growth Forecast to reach 7.7 percent this Year
    • 31 May. On WWW at, Accessed 3.6.10
    • Lao Voices (2010a) Lao Economic Growth Forecast to reach 7.7 percent this Year. 31 May. On WWW at http://laovoices.com/2010/04/08/lao-economic-growthforecast-to-reach-7-7-percent-this-year/. Accessed 3.6.10.
    • (2010) Lao Voices
  • 190
    • 85050441866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lao Economy is in Good Health
    • 27 April. On WWW at, Accessed 3.6.10
    • Lao Voices (2010b) Lao Economy is in Good Health. 27 April. On WWW at http://laovoices.com/2010/04/27/lao-econony-is-in-good-health/. Accessed 3.6.10.
    • (2010) Lao Voices
  • 191
    • 85050435478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laos
    • Québec: TLFQ, Université Laval. On WWW at, Accessed 9.4.09
    • Leclerc, J. (2009b) Laos. In L’Aménagement linguistique dans le monde. Québec: TLFQ, Université Laval. On WWW at http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/asie/laos.htm. Accessed 9.4.09.
    • (2009) L’Aménagement linguistique dans le monde
    • Leclerc, J.1
  • 195
    • 85050440324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Education for All: The Year 2000 Assessment, 2 December 1999. Vientiane: National EFA 2000 Assessment Group, Ministry of Education
    • Ministry of Education, Lao PDR (1999) Final Country Report, Lao PDR. Education for All: The Year 2000 Assessment, 2 December 1999. Vientiane: National EFA 2000 Assessment Group, Ministry of Education.
    • (1999) Final Country Report, Lao PDR
  • 196
    • 85050441062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vientiane: Ministry of Education
    • Ministry of Education, Lao PDR (2004a) EFA National Plan of Action 2003-2015. Vientiane: Ministry of Education.
    • (2004) EFA National Plan of Action 2003-2015
  • 197
    • 70350299910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Department of Non-Formal Education, Lao PDR. UNESCO/Bangkok
    • Ministry of Education, Lao PDR (2004b) Lao National Literacy Survey 2001. Final Report. Department of Non-Formal Education, Lao PDR. UNESCO/Bangkok.
    • (2004) Lao National Literacy Survey 2001. Final Report
  • 198
    • 85050429321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health strategy up to the year 2020
    • Vientiane: Ministry of Health of Lao PDR
    • Ministry of Health, Lao PDR (MoH) (2000) Health strategy up to the year 2020. A discussion paper prepared for the Donor Round Table Meeting. Vientiane: Ministry of Health of Lao PDR.
    • (2000) A discussion paper prepared for the Donor Round Table Meeting
  • 199
    • 65349117883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Health, Vientiane: Lao People’s Democratic Republic
    • Ministry of Health, Lao PDR (MoH) (2007) Human Resources for Health: Analysis of the Situation in Lao PDR. Ministry of Health, Vientiane: Lao People’s Democratic Republic.
    • (2007) Human Resources for Health: Analysis of the Situation in Lao PDR
  • 200
    • 4243251734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vientiane: National Planning Committee, National Statistics Centre
    • National Statistical Centre (1997) Lao Census 1995: Country Report. Vientiane: National Planning Committee, National Statistics Centre.
    • (1997) Lao Census 1995: Country Report
  • 201
    • 85050437264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lao Health Survey
    • NIOPH/WHO (2003) Lao Health Survey.
    • (2003)
  • 203
    • 64049118462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee for Planning and Investment, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Vientiane. October
    • National Socio-Economic Development Plan (NSEDP) (2006) National Socio-Economic Development Plan 2006-2010. Committee for Planning and Investment, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Vientiane. October.
    • (2006) National Socio-Economic Development Plan 2006-2010
  • 204
    • 84890503341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dollarization in the Lao PDR
    • No. 02/61. March
    • Pani, M. (2002) Dollarization in the Lao PDR. IMF Country Report No. 02/61. March.
    • (2002) IMF Country Report
    • Pani, M.1
  • 205
    • 0036923901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Equity, privatization and cost recovery in urban health care: The case of Lao PDR
    • Paphassarang, C., Philavong, K. Boupha, B. and Blas, E. (2002) Equity, privatization and cost recovery in urban health care: the case of Lao PDR. Health Policy and Planning 17 (Suppl 1), 72-84.
    • (2002) Health Policy and Planning , vol.17 , pp. 72-84
    • Paphassarang, C.1    Philavong, K.2    Boupha, B.3    Blas, E.4
  • 206
    • 85050435058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-grade teaching for remote and disadvantaged areas in Lao PDR
    • P. Ninnes (ed.), Armidale, NSW: Centre for Research on Education in Context. University of New England
    • Phommabouth, C. (2004) Multi-grade teaching for remote and disadvantaged areas in Lao PDR. In P. Ninnes (ed.) Conference Proceedings. Second International Multigrade Teaching Conference: Turning Biases into Benefits (pp. 61-68). Armidale, NSW: Centre for Research on Education in Context. University of New England.
    • (2004) Conference Proceedings. Second International Multigrade Teaching Conference: Turning Biases into Benefits , pp. 61-68
    • Phommabouth, C.1
  • 207
    • 85050436519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Letter dated 2 June 2008 from the permanent Representative of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Economic and Social Council
    • E/2008/78. 11 June
    • Phommachanh, K. (2008) Letter dated 2 June 2008 from the permanent Representative of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Economic and Social Council. United Nations Economic and Social Council, E/2008/78. 11 June.
    • (2008) United Nations Economic and Social Council
    • Phommachanh, K.1
  • 208
    • 85050448034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • News VOA.Com of 20 September. On WWW at, Accessed 8.1.09
    • Pon Ngern, S. (2007) Laos: More than 50,000 Dropped out of School in 2006-07. News VOA.Com of 20 September. On WWW at http://www.voanews.com/lao/archive/2007-09/2007-09-20-voa3.cfm?CFID_30993833. Accessed 8.1.09.
    • (2007) Laos: More than 50,000 Dropped out of School in 2006-07
    • Pon Ngern, S.1
  • 213
    • 0035199850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real world pharmacy: Assessing the quality of private pharmacy practice in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic
    • Stenson, B., Syhakhang, L., Eriksson, B. and Tomson, G. (2001) Real world pharmacy: assessing the quality of private pharmacy practice in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Social Science Medicine 52, 393-404.
    • (2001) Social Science Medicine , vol.52 , pp. 393-404
    • Stenson, B.1    Syhakhang, L.2    Eriksson, B.3    Tomson, G.4
  • 214
    • 0012762321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Stuart-Fox, M. (1997) A History of Laos. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1997) A History of Laos
    • Stuart-Fox, M.1
  • 216
    • 85040182353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Trade and Human Development: Lao PDR 2006
    • Committee for Planning and Investment, National Statistics Centre, United Nations Development Programme. Vientiane: UNDP
    • United Nations Development Programme (2006) International Trade and Human Development: Lao PDR 2006. The Third Lao PDR National Human Development Report. Committee for Planning and Investment, National Statistics Centre, United Nations Development Programme. Vientiane: UNDP.
    • (2006) The Third Lao PDR National Human Development Report
  • 217
    • 85050436935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lao PDR, National Voluntary Presentation. 2008 High-Level
    • 3 July. ECOSOC Chamber, UN Headquarters, New York
    • United Nations Economic and Social Council (UNECOSOC) (2008) Lao PDR, National Voluntary Presentation. 2008 High-Level Segment of the Economic and Social Council Annual Ministerial Review. 3 July. ECOSOC Chamber, UN Headquarters, New York.
    • (2008) Segment of the Economic and Social Council Annual Ministerial Review
  • 219
    • 0012144790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York: United Nations Population Fund
    • United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) (2001) The State of the World Population 2001. New York: United Nations Population Fund.
    • (2001) The State of the World Population 2001
  • 220
    • 26044435299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank
    • World Bank (2005) World Development Indicators, 2005 Census. Washington, DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank.
    • (2005) World Development Indicators, 2005 Census
  • 221
    • 4043170125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 12.1.08
    • World Bank (2006) Lao PDR at a glance. On WWW at http://devdata.worldbank. org/AAG/lao_aag.pdf. Accessed 12.1.08.
    • (2006) Lao PDR at a glance
  • 222
    • 85019024402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vientiane: The World Bank. On WWW at, Accessed 12.12.08
    • World Bank (2007) Lao PDR Economic Monitor. Vientiane: The World Bank. On WWW at http://www.sunlabob.com/documents/energy_issues/WB-07-11-Lao_Economic_Monitor.pdf. Accessed 12.12.08.
    • (2007) Lao PDR Economic Monitor
  • 223
    • 65349186377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vientiane: The World Bank. On WWW at, Accessed 30.4.09
    • World Bank (2008) Lao PDR Economic Monitor. Vientiane: The World Bank. On WWW at http://www.sunlabob.com/documents/energy_issues/WB-08-04-Lao_Economic_Monitor_En.pdf. Accessed 30.4.09.
    • (2008) Lao PDR Economic Monitor
  • 224
    • 85050443940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Health Planning and Budgeting Department and WHO, January 2004
    • World Health Organisation (WHO) (2004a) Hospitals’ Costing Survey in Lao PDR. Ministry of Health Planning and Budgeting Department and WHO, January 2004.
    • (2004) Hospitals’ Costing Survey in Lao PDR
  • 225
    • 85050425945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific. On WWW at, Accessed 29.8.09
    • World Health Organisation (WHO) (2004b) World Health Survey Lao PDR. World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific. On WWW at: http://www.wpro.who.int/countries/2004/lao/. Accessed 29.8.09.
    • (2004) World Health Survey Lao PDR
  • 227
    • 85050448999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • as of 31 December, On WWW at, Accessed 16.6.10
    • ADB and Myanmar: Fact Sheet. Asian Development Bank (as of 31 December 2009).On WWW at http://www.adb.org/Documents/Fact_Sheets/MYA.pdf. Accessed 16.6.10.
    • (2009)
  • 228
    • 84882907118 scopus 로고
    • Language policy and language planning in Burma
    • D. Badley (ed.), Papers in South-East Asian Linguistics, Pacific Linguistics A, Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University
    • Allott, A. (1985) Language policy and language planning in Burma. In D. Badley (ed.) Language Policy, Language Planning and Sociolinguistics in South-East Asia. Papers in South-East Asian Linguistics, No. 9, Pacific Linguistics A 67: pp. 131-154. Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University.
    • (1985) Language Policy, Language Planning and Sociolinguistics in South-East Asia , vol.67 , Issue.9 , pp. 131-154
    • Allott, A.1
  • 229
    • 85055360435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Political legitimacy in Myanmar: The ethnic minority dimension
    • Ang Cheng Guan (2007) Political legitimacy in Myanmar: The ethnic minority dimension. Asian Security 3 (2), 121-140.
    • (2007) Asian Security , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-140
  • 231
    • 85050442331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 June. On WWW at, Accessed 4.6.10
    • BBC News (2010) “China Premier Wen Jiabao boosts ties in Burma visit”. 3 June. On WWW at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/asia_pacific/10225072.stm. Accessed 4.6.10.
    • (2010) China Premier Wen Jiabao boosts ties in Burma visit
  • 233
    • 79951730289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language policy in modern Burma
    • M. Brown and Š. Ganguly (eds), BCSIA Studies in International Security, in cooperation with the Centre for Peace and Security Studies and the Pacific Basin Research Centre. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Callahan, M. (2003) Language policy in modern Burma. In M. Brown and Š. Ganguly (eds) Fighting Words: Language Policy and Ethnic Relations in Asia (pp. 143-175). BCSIA Studies in International Security, in cooperation with the Centre for Peace and Security Studies and the Pacific Basin Research Centre. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    • (2003) Fighting Words: Language Policy and Ethnic Relations in Asia , pp. 143-175
    • Callahan, M.1
  • 235
    • 33645333282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health in Burma: An interpretive review
    • R. Rotberg (ed.), Cambridge:World Peace Foundation and Harvard Institute for African Development
    • Chandler, D. (1998) Health in Burma: An interpretive review. In R. Rotberg (ed.) Burma: Prospects for a Democratic Future (pp. 247-265). Cambridge:World Peace Foundation and Harvard Institute for African Development.
    • (1998) Burma: Prospects for a Democratic Future , pp. 247-265
    • Chandler, D.1
  • 236
    • 0032528685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burma: A country’s health in crisis
    • Chelala, C. (1998) Burma: A country’s health in crisis. Lancet 352: 556.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 556
    • Chelala, C.1
  • 237
    • 85050438153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, last updated on 6 November 2008, Accessed 19.11.08
    • CIA, The World Factbook (2008) Burma. On WWW at https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/bm.html (last updated on 6 November 2008). Accessed 19.11.08.
    • (2008) Burma
  • 238
    • 85050448829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 6.6.10
    • CIA, The World Factbook (2010) Burma Economy 2010. On WWW at http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/burma/burma_economy.html. Accessed 6.6.10.
    • (2010) Burma Economy 2010
  • 239
    • 85050433532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burma vs. Myanmar: What’s in a Name
    • DW-World.DE, 01/10/2007. On WWW at, Accessed 8.4.10
    • Deutsche Welle (2007) Burma vs. Myanmar: What’s in a Name. DW-World.DE, 01/10/2007. On WWW at http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0, 2804762,00. html. Accessed 8.4.10.
    • (2007) Deutsche Welle
  • 241
    • 85050439822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myanmar (Burma) Economic Statistics and Indicators
    • 30 May. On WWW at, Accessed 6.6.10
    • Economy Watch (2010) Myanmar (Burma) Economic Statistics and Indicators. Economy, Investment & Finance Reports. 30 May. On WWW at http://www.economywatch.com/economic-statistics/country/Myanmar/. Accessed 6.6.10.
    • (2010) Economy, Investment & Finance Reports
  • 242
    • 85050444015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Country Report, Myanmar 2003
    • London
    • Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) (2003) Country Report, Myanmar 2003. Economist, London.
    • (2003) Economist
  • 243
    • 85050427989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myanmar Country Report. March
    • London
    • Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) (2004) Myanmar Country Report. March. Economist, London.
    • (2004) Economist
  • 244
    • 85050446086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • October. NA. Academic One File. Gale. On WWW at, Accessed 9.9.08
    • Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) (2007) Country Views Wire, October. NA. Academic One File. Gale. On WWW at http://find.galegroup.com/itx/start.do?prodld_AONE. Accessed 9.9.08.
    • (2007) Country Views Wire
  • 245
    • 79957453677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monthly Report, April. London: EIU
    • Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) (2008) Myanmar (Burma) Country Profile 2008. Monthly Report, April. London: EIU.
    • (2008) Myanmar (Burma) Country Profile 2008
  • 246
    • 85050446180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Economist Intelligence Unit Country Report, February. On WWW at, Accessed 8.6.10
    • Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) (2010) Myanmar (Burma). The Economist Intelligence Unit Country Report, February. On WWW at http://www.scribd.-com/doc/26244006/EIU-Report-Myanmar-February-2010. Accessed 8.6.10.
    • (2010) Myanmar (Burma)
  • 247
    • 85050426082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London: Routledge. On WWW at, Accessed 10.9.08
    • Europa World Online Directory (2008) Government and Politics (Myanmar). London: Routledge. On WWW at http://www.europaworld.com/entry/mm.dir.1.GOV-AND-POL. Accessed 10.9.08.
    • (2008) Government and Politics (Myanmar)
  • 248
    • 84945914778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 29 May. On WWW at, Accessed 23.6.09
    • Financial Express (2007) Myanmar prefers China as gas buyer; India sees red. 29 May. On WWW at http://www.burmanet.org/news/2007/05/29/financialexpress-myanmar-prefers-china-as-gas-buyer-India-sees-red-anupama-airy/. Accessed 23.6.09.
    • (2007) Myanmar prefers China as gas buyer; India sees red
  • 251
    • 85050436011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is Burma truly as economically misgoverned as is made out to be?
    • 21 April. On WWW at, Accessed 6.6.10
    • Gupta, S. (2010) Is Burma truly as economically misgoverned as is made out to be? East Asia Forum, 21 April. On WWW at http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2010/04/21/is-burma-truly-as-economically-misgoverned-as-is-made-out-tobe/. Accessed 6.6.10.
    • (2010) East Asia Forum
    • Gupta, S.1
  • 252
    • 77954652230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 3.6.10
    • Heritage Foundation (2010) Burma -2010 Index of Economic Freedom. On WWW at http://www.heritage.org/index/country/Burma. Accessed 3.6.10.
    • (2010) Burma -2010 Index of Economic Freedom
  • 253
    • 34547107870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National unity struggles in Myanmar: A degenerate case of governance for harmony in Asia
    • Holliday, I. (2007) National unity struggles in Myanmar: A degenerate case of governance for harmony in Asia. Asian Survey 47 (3), 374-392.
    • (2007) Asian Survey , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 374-392
    • Holliday, I.1
  • 255
    • 85050432268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mon language axed from state schools in Thaton
    • 10 November. On WWW at, Accessed 12.12.09
    • Irrawaddy (2008) Mon language axed from state schools in Thaton. The Irrawaddy Magazine. 10 November. On WWW at http://www.irrawaddy.org/article. php?art_id_14601. Accessed 12.12.09.
    • (2008) The Irrawaddy Magazine
  • 256
  • 258
    • 6044275458 scopus 로고
    • Ithaca. NY: Southeast Asia Program Publications, Cornell University
    • Khin Kyi (1988) The Dobama Movement in Burma: Appendix. Ithaca. NY: Southeast Asia Program Publications, Cornell University.
    • (1988) The Dobama Movement in Burma: Appendix
    • Kyi, K.1
  • 259
    • 85050432973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birmanie/Myanmar
    • Québec: TLFQ, Université Laval. On WWW at, Accessed 9.4.09
    • Leclerc, J. (2009c) Birmanie/Myanmar. In L’Aménagement linguistique dans le monde. Québec: TLFQ, Université Laval. On WWW at http://www.tlfq.ulaval. ca/axl/asie/birmanie.htm. Accessed 9.4.09.
    • (2009) L’Aménagement linguistique dans le monde
    • Leclerc, J.1
  • 261
    • 85050439072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China’s Wen Jiabao, Myanmar leaders to discuss sensitive topics
    • 3 June. On WWW at
    • Magnier, M. (2010) “China’s Wen Jiabao, Myanmar leaders to discuss sensitive topics”. Los Angeles Times, 3 June. On WWW at http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jun/03/world/la-fg-myanmar-china-20100603.
    • (2010) Los Angeles Times
    • Magnier, M.1
  • 262
    • 0043135329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yangon: Ministry of Education
    • Ministry of Education (2001) Education in Myanmar. Yangon: Ministry of Education.
    • (2001) Education in Myanmar
  • 264
    • 85050423382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building a modern developed nation through education
    • Yangon: Ministry of Education
    • Ministry of Education (2003a) Building a modern developed nation through education. Myanmar Education Updates 2.1. Yangon: Ministry of Education.
    • (2003) Myanmar Education Updates 2.1
  • 266
    • 79956293694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Online Burma/Myanmar Library. On WWW at, Printing and Publishing Enterprise, September. Accessed 30.6.09
    • Ministry of Information (2008) Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Online Burma/Myanmar Library. On WWW at http://www.burmalibrary. org/show.php?cat_1140. Printing and Publishing Enterprise, September. Accessed 30.6.09.
    • (2008) Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
  • 267
    • 85050429576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Handbook on Human Resources Development Indicators, 2002. Yangon: Ministry of Labour
    • Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. On WWW at, Accessed 8.9.08
    • Ministry of Labour (2003) Handbook on Human Resources Development Indicators, 2002. Yangon: Ministry of Labour. “Myanmar” A Dictionary of World History. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. On WWW at http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview_Main&entry_t48.e2519. Accessed 8.9.08.
    • (2003) “Myanmar” A Dictionary of World History
  • 268
    • 85050430232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rangoon: MCSO. On WWW at, Accessed 5.1.09
    • Myanmar Central Statistical Office (MCSO) (2008) Selected Monthly Indicators. Rangoon: MCSO. On WWW at http://www.csostst.gov.mm/. Accessed 5.1.09.
    • (2008) Selected Monthly Indicators
  • 269
    • 33645370384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social sector development in Myanmar: The role of the state
    • Myat Thein and Khin Maung Nyo (1999) Social sector development in Myanmar: The role of the state. ASEAN Economic Bulletin 16 (5), 394-404.
    • (1999) ASEAN Economic Bulletin , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 394-404
    • Thein, M.1    Nyo, K.M.2
  • 271
    • 85050446815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies of Institutional Change and Development for Accelerating Progress Towards MDG Goals of Universal Primary Education and Gender Equity
    • UN ESCAP and ADB
    • Ordonez, V. and Sack, R. (2005) Strategies of Institutional Change and Development for Accelerating Progress Towards MDG Goals of Universal Primary Education and Gender Equity. Prepared for the UN Development Fund, UN ESCAP and ADB.
    • (2005) Prepared for the UN Development Fund
    • Ordonez, V.1    Sack, R.2
  • 272
    • 84894945631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The challenges of transition in Myanmar
    • Kyaw Yin Hlaing, R. Taylor and Tin Maung Maung Than (eds), Singapore: The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS)
    • Pedersen, M. (2005) The challenges of transition in Myanmar. In Kyaw Yin Hlaing, R. Taylor and Tin Maung Maung Than (eds) Myanmar: Beyond Politics to Societal Imperatives (pp. 161-183). Singapore: The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS).
    • (2005) Myanmar: Beyond Politics to Societal Imperatives , pp. 161-183
    • Pedersen, M.1
  • 273
    • 85050447935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myanmar (Burma) since 1962: The Failure of Development. Hampshire and Burlington: Ashgate
    • 1990, London
    • Perry, P. (2007) Myanmar (Burma) since 1962: The Failure of Development. Hampshire and Burlington: Ashgate. Petroleum Economist (1990) London.
    • (2007) Petroleum Economist
    • Perry, P.1
  • 275
    • 84966963714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Economy of Burma/Myanmar on the Eve of the 2010 Elections
    • May 2010. On WWW at, Accessed 3.6.10
    • Reiffel, L. (2010) The Economy of Burma/Myanmar on the Eve of the 2010 Elections. A Special Report for the United States Institute of Peace. May 2010. On WWW at http://www.usip.org/resources/the-economy-burmamyanmarthe-eve-the-2010-elections. Accessed 3.6.10.
    • (2010) A Special Report for the United States Institute of Peace
    • Reiffel, L.1
  • 276
    • 85050447882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can economic reform open a peaceful path to ending Burma’s isolation?
    • 10 April. On WWW at, Accessed 4.6.10
    • Rieffel, L. and Gilpin, R. (2010) Can economic reform open a peaceful path to ending Burma’s isolation? In East Asia Forum, 10 April. On WWW at http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2010/04/10/can-economic-reform-open-a-peacefulpath-to-ending-burmas-isolation/. Accessed 4.6.10.
    • (2010) East Asia Forum
    • Rieffel, L.1    Gilpin, R.2
  • 277
    • 79960261959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the impact of HIV and other health issues on Myanmar’s development
    • Kyaw Yin Hlaing, R. Taylor and Tin Maung Maung Than (eds), Singapore: The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS)
    • Safman, R. (2005) Assessing the impact of HIV and other health issues on Myanmar’s development. In Kyaw Yin Hlaing, R. Taylor and Tin Maung Maung Than (eds) Myanmar: Beyond Politics to Societal Imperatives (pp. 117-160). Singapore: The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS).
    • (2005) Myanmar: Beyond Politics to Societal Imperatives , pp. 117-160
    • Safman, R.1
  • 278
    • 84970697849 scopus 로고
    • Unending war
    • Smith, M. (1994) Unending war. Index on Censorship 23 (3), 113-118.
    • (1994) Index on Censorship , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 113-118
    • Smith, M.1
  • 279
    • 77955593489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic politics and regional development in Myanmar: The need for new approaches
    • Kyaw Yin Hlaing, R. Taylor and Tin Maung Maung Than (eds), Singapore: The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS)
    • Smith, M. (2005) Ethnic politics and regional development in Myanmar: The need for new approaches. In Kyaw Yin Hlaing, R. Taylor and Tin Maung Maung Than (eds) Myanmar: Beyond Politics to Societal Imperatives (pp. 56-85). Singapore: The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS).
    • (2005) Myanmar: Beyond Politics to Societal Imperatives , pp. 56-85
    • Smith, M.1
  • 282
    • 84895020366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways to the present
    • Kyaw Yin Hlaing, R. Taylor and Tin Maung Maung Than (eds), Singapore: The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS)
    • Taylor, R. (2005) Pathways to the present. In Kyaw Yin Hlaing, R. Taylor and Tin Maung Maung Than (eds) Myanmar: Beyond Politics to Societal Imperatives (pp. 1-29). Singapore: The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS).
    • (2005) Myanmar: Beyond Politics to Societal Imperatives , pp. 1-29
    • Taylor, R.1
  • 283
    • 85050437373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Teaching of Ethnic Language and the Role of Education in the Context of Mon Nationality in Burma
    • November 1999 to February 2000. Mss, 3-3-2000
    • Thein Lwin (2000) The Teaching of Ethnic Language and the Role of Education in the Context of Mon Nationality in Burma. Initial Report of the First Phase of the Study on the Thai-Burma Border, November 1999 to February 2000. Mss, 3-3-2000.
    • (2000) Initial Report of the First Phase of the Study on the Thai-Burma Border
    • Lwin, T.1
  • 285
    • 79954283561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3-9 November. Yangon
    • The Myanmar Times (2003) Focus on Education. 3-9 November. Yangon.
    • (2003) Focus on Education
  • 286
    • 85044891653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 1990 elections in Myanmar: Broken promises or a failure in communications?
    • Tonkin, D. (2007) The 1990 elections in Myanmar: Broken promises or a failure in communications? Contemporary Southeast Asia, 29 (1), 33-54.
    • (2007) Contemporary Southeast Asia , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 33-54
    • Tonkin, D.1
  • 287
    • 0003777042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 13.8.09
    • Transparency International (2007) Corruption Perception Index 2007. On WWW at http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2007. Accessed 13.8.09.
    • (2007) Corruption Perception Index 2007
    • International, T.1
  • 289
    • 85050432372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESCAP, Myanmar development partnership seeks to boost agricultural sector and enhance rural livelihoods
    • Press Release No: G/105/2009 of 15 December. On, WWW at
    • United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) (2009) ESCAP, Myanmar development partnership seeks to boost agricultural sector and enhance rural livelihoods. UNESCAP News Services. Press Release No: G/105/2009 of 15 December. On WWW at http://www.unescap.org/unis/press/2009/dec/g105.asp.
    • (2009) UNESCAP News Services
  • 290
  • 291
    • 85050443743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Country Paper
    • Yangon: UN
    • UN Country Team (Myanmar) (2000) Country Paper. Internal working paper. Yangon: UN.
    • (2000) Internal working paper
  • 293
    • 85050437964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the humanitarian situation in Myanmar. Unpublished monograph
    • Yangon. February
    • UN Country Team (Myanmar) (2003) A review of the humanitarian situation in Myanmar. Unpublished monograph. United Nations, Yangon. February.
    • (2003) United Nations
  • 295
    • 1142269175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 19.4.09
    • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2003) Human Development Indicators, 2003: Myanmar. On WWW at http://www.undp.org/hdr2003/indicator/cty_f_MMR.html. Accessed 19.4.09.
    • (2003) Human Development Indicators, 2003: Myanmar
  • 296
    • 85050436835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 22.6.09
    • United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) (2009) UNHCR Global Appeal 2008-2009 -Myanmar. On WWW at http://www.unhcr.org/home/PUBL/474ac8dde.pdf. Accessed 22.6.09.
    • (2009) UNHCR Global Appeal 2008-2009 -Myanmar
  • 298
    • 61049146876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • English in Myanmar
    • On WWW at, Accessed 26.11.08
    • Wong, S. (2005) English in Myanmar. RELC Journal 36 (1), 93-104. On WWW at htpp://rel.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/36/1/93. Accessed 26.11.08.
    • (2005) RELC Journal , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-104
    • Wong, S.1
  • 299
    • 85050424663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myanmar: An economic and social assessment
    • World Bank, New York
    • World Bank (1999) Myanmar: An economic and social assessment. Confidential draft. World Bank, New York.
    • (1999) Confidential draft
  • 300
    • 85050436496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 25.11.06
    • World Bank (2001) Country data on Burma and Thailand. On WWW at http://www.worldbank.org. Accessed 25.11.06.
    • (2001) Country data on Burma and Thailand
  • 301
    • 0003579421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geneva: WHO
    • World Health Organisation (WHO) (2000) World Health Report 2000. Geneva: WHO.
    • (2000) World Health Report 2000
  • 303
    • 85050423347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vietnam: Narrowing trade deficit to bring improved BoP
    • Asia Monitor (2009a) Vietnam: Narrowing trade deficit to bring improved BoP. Asia Monitor 16 (3), 1, 5.
    • (2009) Asia Monitor , vol.16 , Issue.3
  • 304
    • 85050436009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vietnam: Further boost to growth
    • Asia Monitor (2009b) Vietnam: Further boost to growth. Asia Monitor 16 (2), 1, 4.
    • (2009) Asia Monitor , vol.16 , Issue.2
  • 306
    • 84981553703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the multigrade and bilingual education project in Vietnam
    • Osaka: Asia-Pacific Human Rights Information Center. On WWW at, Accessed 17.1.09
    • Archibald, D. (2003) An evaluation of the multigrade and bilingual education project in Vietnam. Human Rights Education in Asian Schools 5, 101-114. Osaka: Asia-Pacific Human Rights Information Center. On WWW at http://www.hurights.or.jp/hreas/5/13archibald.pdf. Accessed 17.1.09.
    • (2003) Human Rights Education in Asian Schools , vol.5 , pp. 101-114
    • Archibald, D.1
  • 310
    • 84894742213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • as amended on 25 December. On WWW at, Accessed 22.6.08
    • Constitution of Viet Nam (2001) 1992 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, as amended on 25 December. On WWW at http://www.vietnamlaws.-com/freelaws/Constitution92(aa01).pdf. Accessed 22.6.08.
    • (2001) 1992 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam
  • 314
    • 85050425321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mother tongue-based bilingual education for ethnic minority children in Vietnam
    • LEAP News
    • Ðiêu, V. (2008) Mother tongue-based bilingual education for ethnic minority children in Vietnam. In Newsletter of the Language in Education in Africa Project (LEAP News), No. 19, 6-7.
    • (2008) Newsletter of the Language in Education in Africa Project , Issue.19 , pp. 6-7
    • Ðiêu, V.1
  • 316
    • 0029048452 scopus 로고
    • Introducing health insurance in Vietnam
    • Ensor, T. (1995) Introducing health insurance in Vietnam. Health Policy and Planning 10 (2), 154-163.
    • (1995) Health Policy and Planning , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 154-163
    • Ensor, T.1
  • 317
    • 85050431406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • June 12. On WWW at, Accessed 29.9.08
    • Globe and Mail (2008) ‘Last Ghost’ of the Viet Nam War. June 12. On WWW at http://www.the globeandmail.com/archives/last-ghost-of-the-Vietnam-war/article697346/. Accessed 29.9.08.
    • (2008) ‘Last Ghost’ of the Viet Nam War
  • 318
    • 85050436897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vietnamese industry begins to rebound with 7.5% July growth
    • 30 July. On WWW at, Accessed 5.8.09
    • Goliath (2009) Vietnamese industry begins to rebound with 7.5% July growth. Goliath Business Knowledge on Demand. 30 July. On WWW at http://goliath. ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-11055273/Vietnamese-Industry-BE. Accessed 5.8.09.
    • (2009) Goliath Business Knowledge on Demand
  • 319
    • 77949363388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language education models in Africa: Research, design, decision-making, outcomes and costs
    • H. Alidou, A. Boly, B. Brock-Utne, Y. Diallo, K. Heugh and E. Wolff (eds), Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA), On WWW at, Accessed 11.4.09
    • Heugh, K. (2006) Language education models in Africa: Research, design, decision-making, outcomes and costs. In H. Alidou, A. Boly, B. Brock-Utne, Y. Diallo, K. Heugh and E. Wolff (eds) Optimising Learning and Education in Africa -the Language Factor. A Stock-taking Research on Mother Tongue and Bilingual Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) (pp. 31-62). On WWW at http://www.adeanet. org/biennial-2006/doc/document/B3-1_MTBLE_en.pdf. Accessed 11.4.09.
    • (2006) Optimising Learning and Education in Africa -the Language Factor. A Stock-taking Research on Mother Tongue and Bilingual Education in Sub-Saharan Africa , pp. 31-62
    • Heugh, K.1
  • 320
    • 85050435752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HKTDC of 14 April 2009. On WWW at, Accessed 4.7.09
    • HKTDC (2009) Market profiles. HKTDC of 14 April 2009. On WWW at http://www.hktdc.com/info/mi/a/mp/en/1X0010GK/1/Market-Profiles/Vietnam. htm. Accessed 4.7.09.
    • (2009) Market profiles
  • 321
    • 85050429532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viet Nam inflation comes in low
    • 27 May. On WWW at, Accessed 3.6.10
    • Intellasia (2010a) Viet Nam inflation comes in low. 27 May. On WWW at http://www.intellasia.net/news/articles/economy/111295450.shtml. Accessed 3.6.10.
    • (2010) Intellasia
  • 322
    • 85050441718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viet Nam had smallest trade deficit this year in May
    • 27 May. On WWW at
    • Intellasia (2010b) Viet Nam had smallest trade deficit this year in May. 27 May. On WWW at http://www.intellasia.net/news/articles/economy/111295449.shtml.
    • (2010) Intellasia
  • 323
    • 0345439549 scopus 로고
    • Colonial schools in Vietnam: Policy and practice
    • P. Altbach and G. Kelly (eds), New York and London: Longman
    • Kelly, G. (1978) Colonial schools in Vietnam: Policy and practice. In P. Altbach and G. Kelly (eds) Education and Colonialism (pp. 96-122). New York and London: Longman.
    • (1978) Education and Colonialism , pp. 96-122
    • Kelly, G.1
  • 326
    • 85050447550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vietnam
    • Québec: TLFQ, Université Laval. On WWW at, Accessed 9.4.09
    • Leclerc, J. (2009d) Vietnam. In L’Aménagement linguistique dans le monde. Québec: TLFQ, Université Laval. On WWW at http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/asie/vietnam.htm. Accessed 9.4.09.
    • (2009) L’Aménagement linguistique dans le monde
    • Leclerc, J.1
  • 327
    • 84887075540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vietnam: Quôc ngũ', colonialism and language policy
    • N. Gottlieb and Ping Chen (eds), Richmond: Curzon
    • Lo Bianco, J. (2002) Vietnam: Quôc ngũ', colonialism and language policy. In N. Gottlieb and Ping Chen (eds) Language Planning and Language Policy: East Asian Perspectives (pp. 159-206). Richmond: Curzon.
    • (2002) Language Planning and Language Policy: East Asian Perspectives , pp. 159-206
    • Lo Bianco, J.1
  • 329
    • 85050443281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annex 1 -Situation Analysis for the Four EFA Target Groups. Hanoi
    • Ministry of Education and Training, Vietnam (n.d.) National EFA Plan of Action 2003-2015: Annex 1 -Situation Analysis for the Four EFA Target Groups. Hanoi.
    • National EFA Plan of Action 2003-2015
  • 330
    • 85050435717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interest rate and foreign exchange rate policies in a partially dollarized economy with a large unofficial dollar market (1)
    • S. Watanabe (ed.), Joint Research Project Workshop, State Bank of Vietnam and JICA
    • Ngoc Bao (2002) Interest rate and foreign exchange rate policies in a partially dollarized economy with a large unofficial dollar market (1). In S. Watanabe (ed.) Dollarization and Its Effect on Monetary and Foreign Exchange Rate Policies and the Development of Financial Systems: Vietnam, Lao PDR and Cambodia (pp. 83-98). Joint Research Project Workshop, State Bank of Vietnam and JICA.
    • (2002) Dollarization and Its Effect on Monetary and Foreign Exchange Rate Policies and the Development of Financial Systems: Vietnam, Lao PDR and Cambodia , pp. 83-98
    • Bao, N.1
  • 331
  • 334
    • 85050439251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land Allocation in Vietnam’s Agrarian Transition: Part 2: Introducing a Land Market
    • Policy Research Working Paper 2951, Poverty Team and Public Services Team, Washington, DC
    • Ravallion, M. and van de Walle, D. (2003) Land Allocation in Vietnam’s Agrarian Transition: Part 2: Introducing a Land Market. Policy Research Working Paper 2951. The World Bank, Development Research Group. Poverty Team and Public Services Team, Washington, DC.
    • (2003) The World Bank, Development Research Group
    • Ravallion, M.1    van de Walle, D.2
  • 335
    • 48049097985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does rising landlessness signal success or failure for Vietnam’s agrarian transition?
    • Ravallion, M. and van de Walle, D. (2008) Does rising landlessness signal success or failure for Vietnam’s agrarian transition? Journal of Development Economics 87, 191-209.
    • (2008) Journal of Development Economics , vol.87 , pp. 191-209
    • Ravallion, M.1    van de Walle, D.2
  • 337
    • 85050443609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UPDATE 1 -Vietnam sees 2009 FDI falling $2.5 bln -report
    • Forbes.com, 4 June. On WWW at, Accessed 20.7.09
    • Reuters (2009) UPDATE 1 -Vietnam sees 2009 FDI falling $2.5 bln -report. Forbes.com, 4 June. On WWW at http://www.forbes.com/feeds/afx/2009/06/04/afx6502974.html. Accessed 20.7.09.
    • (2009) Reuters
  • 340
    • 85050434077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foreign direct investment in Vietnam triples in 2008: Gov’t
    • 27 December. On WWW at, Accessed 15.1.09
    • The China Post (2008) Foreign direct investment in Vietnam triples in 2008: gov’t. The China Post, 27 December. On WWW at http://www.chinapost.com.tw/business/asia/vietnam/2008/12/27/189529/Foreign-direct. Accessed 15.1.09.
    • (2008) The China Post
  • 342
    • 32644468891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innocenti Digest No. 11, Florence: UNICEF. Innocenti Research Centre. On WWW at, Accessed 21.4.09
    • United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) (2004) Ensuring the Rights of Indigenous Children. Innocenti Digest No. 11, Florence: UNICEF. Innocenti Research Centre. On WWW at http://www.unicef-icdc.org/presscentre/indexNewsroom. sql. Accessed 21.4.09.
    • (2004) Ensuring the Rights of Indigenous Children
  • 343
  • 345
    • 42349096165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language policy and ethnic relations in Vietnam
    • M. Brown and Š. Ganguly (eds), BCSIA Studies in International Security, in cooperation with the Centre for Peace and Security Studies and the Pacific Basin Research Centre. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Vasavakul, T. (2003) Language policy and ethnic relations in Vietnam. In M. Brown and Š. Ganguly (eds) Fighting Words: Language Policy and Ethnic Relations in Asia (pp. 211-238). BCSIA Studies in International Security, in cooperation with the Centre for Peace and Security Studies and the Pacific Basin Research Centre. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    • (2003) Fighting Words: Language Policy and Ethnic Relations in Asia , pp. 211-238
    • Vasavakul, T.1
  • 346
    • 85050430183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at
    • Viet Nam Economy 2010 (2010) On WWW at http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/Viet Nam/Viet Nam_economy.html.
    • (2010) Viet Nam Economy 2010
  • 347
    • 85050449901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vietnam leads the way in tackling poverty
    • 16 February. On WWW at, Accessed 25.6.08
    • Viet Nam Net Bridge (2002) Vietnam leads the way in tackling poverty. Vietnam’s News and Current Affairs Online, 16 February. On WWW at http://english.-vietnamnet.vn/social/2008/02/768857/. Accessed 25.6.08.
    • (2002) Vietnam’s News and Current Affairs Online
  • 348
    • 85050423584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vietnam’s WTO entry boosted investment
    • 24.4.09. On WWW at, Accessed 5.5.09
    • Vietnews (2009) Vietnam’s WTO entry boosted investment. Vietnews -Eyes on Vietnam, 24.4.09. On WWW at http://www.vietnewsonline.vn/News/Business/5938/Vietnams-WTO-entry-boosted-inv. Accessed 5.5.09.
    • (2009) Vietnews -Eyes on Vietnam
  • 349
    • 85050441322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic minority languages in Vietnam: Policy and implementation issues
    • Paper presented at the Second, Language Revitalisation and Multilingual Education in Ethnolinguistic Communities, 1-3 July, Bangkok, Thailand
    • Vu Thi Thanh Huong (2008) Ethnic minority languages in Vietnam: Policy and implementation issues. Paper presented at the Second International Conference on Language Development, Language Revitalisation and Multilingual Education in Ethnolinguistic Communities, 1-3 July, Bangkok, Thailand.
    • (2008) International Conference on Language Development
  • 350
    • 66849105662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report No. 27130 -VN. Poverty Education and Economic Management Unit. East Asia and Pacific Region
    • World Bank (2004) Poverty. Vietnam Development Report 2004. Report No. 27130 -VN. Poverty Education and Economic Management Unit. East Asia and Pacific Region.
    • (2004) Poverty. Vietnam Development Report 2004


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.