A combined in situ oxygen, silicon isotopic and fluid inclusion study of a chert sample from Onverwacht Group (3.35Ga, South Africa): New constraints on fluid circulation

Chemical Geology

Volumn 286, Issue 3-4, 2011, Pages 59-71

  Marin Carbonne, Johanna ^a   Chaussidon, Marc ^a   Boiron, Marie Christine ^a   Robert, François ^b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE LORRAINE   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE   (France)

Author keywords

Archean Cherts; Fluid circulation; Fluid inclusions; Onverwacht Group; Silicon and oxygen isotopes; SIMS

Indexed keywords

AQUEOUS FLUIDS; ARCHEAN; CARBONATE ROCK; COOLING PROCESS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; FLUID CIRCULATION; FLUID INCLUSION; FLUID INCLUSIONS; FLUID PRESSURES; HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION; IN-SITU; ION PROBE; IRON CARBONATES; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; ISOTOPIC STUDY; MICROQUARTZ; MICROTHERMOMETRY; MULTI-COLLECTOR; ONVERWACHT GROUP; OXYGEN ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; PRECAMBRIAN; QUARTZ VEIN; SILICON ISOTOPES; SOUTH AFRICA;

CARBONATES; GOLD DEPOSITS; ISOTOPES; MINERALOGY; OXYGEN; QUARTZ; THERMOMETERS;

FLUIDS;

ANKERITE; ARCHEAN; CARBONATE ROCK; CHERT; COOLING; DILUTION; EXHUMATION; FLUID INCLUSION; HYDROTHERMAL FLUID; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; OXYGEN ISOTOPE; QUARTZ VEIN; SILICON; SPATIAL RESOLUTION;

SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 80955179526     PISSN: 00092541     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.02.025     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Abraham K., et al. Coupled silicon-oxygen isotope fractionation traces Archaean silicification. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2011, 301(1-2):222-230.
2. André L., Cardinal D., Alleman L.Y., Moorbath S. Silicon isotopes in 3.8Ga West Greenland rocks as clues to the Eoarchaean supracrustal Si cycle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2006, 245(1-2):162-173.
3. Bakker R.J. Clathrates: computer programs to calculate fluid inclusion V-X properties using clathrate melting temperatures. Computers and Geosciences 1997, 23(1):1-18.
4. 2-CH4-N-2-NaCl system. Chemical Geology 1999, 154(1-4):225-236.
5. Barghoorn E.S., Schopf W.J. Microorganisms three billion years old from the Precambrian of South Africa. Science 1966, 152(3723):763-764.
6. Basile-Doelsch I., Meunier J.D., Parron C. Another continental pool in the terrestrial silicon cycle. Nature 2006, 433(7024):399-402.
7. 2O-Nacl solutions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1993, 57(3):683-684.
8. Boiron M.C., et al. Identification of fluid inclusions in relation to their host microstructural domains in quartz by cathodoluminescence. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1992, 56(1):175-185.
9. 2-NaCl on phase relations in geologic systems: metamorphic equilibria at high pressures and temperatures. American Mineralogist 1983, 68(11-12):1059-1075.
10. Byerly G.R., Palmer M.R. Tourmaline mineralization in the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa: early Archean metasomatism by evaporite-derived boron. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 1991, 107(3):387-402.
11. Byerly G.R., Kroner A., Lowe D.R., Todt W., Walsh M.M. Prolonged magmatism and time constraints for sediment deposition in the early Archean Barberton greenstone belt: evidence from the Upper Onverwacht and Fig Tree groups. Precambrian Research 1996, 78(1-3):125-138.
12. Channer D.M.D., deRonde C.E.J., Spooner E.T.C. The Cl-Br-I-composition of similar to 3.23Ga modified seawater: implications for the geological evolution of ocean halide chemistry. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1997, 150(3-4):325-335.
13. De La Rocha C.L., Brzezinski M.A., DeNiro M.J. Fractionation of silicon isotopes by marine diatoms during biogenic silica formation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1997, 61(23):5051-5056.
14. De la Rocha C.L., Brzezinski M.A., DeNiro M.J. A first look at the distribution of the stable isotopes of silicon in natural waters. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2000, 64(14):2467-2477.
15. De Ronde C.E.J. Early Archean (>3.2Ga) Fe-oxide-rich, hydrothermal discharge vents in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa. Geological Society of America Bulletin 1994, 106(1):86-104.
16. De Ronde C.E.J., Kamo S., Davis D.W., de Wit M.J., Spooner E.T.C. Field, geochemical and U-Pb isotopic constraints from hypabyssal felsic intrusions within the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa: implications for tectonics and the timing of gold mineralization. Precambrian Research 1991, 49(3-4):261-280.
17. De Ronde C.E.J., Spooner E.T.C., De Wit M.J., Bray C.J. Shear zone-related, Au quartz vein deposits in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: field and petrographic characteristics, fluid properties, and light stable isotope geochemistry. Economic Geology 1992, 87(2):366-402.
18. De Ronde C.E.J., Channer D.M.D., Faure K., Bray C.J., Spooner E.T.C. Fluid chemistry of Archean seafloor hydrothermal vents: implications for the composition of circa 3.2Ga seawater. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1997, 61(19):4025-4042.
19. De Vries S.T., Touret J.L.R. Early Archaean hydrothermal fluids; a study of inclusions from the 3.4 Buck Ridge Chert, Baberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa. Chemical Geology 2007, 237:289-302.
20. De Wit M.J. Archean abiogenic and probable biogenic structures associated with mineralized hydrothermal vent systems and regional metasomatism, with implications for greenstone belt studies. Economic Geology 1982, 77(8):1783-1802.
21. Demarest M.S., Brzezinski M.A., Beucher C.P. Fractionation of silicon isotopes during biogenic silica dissolution. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2009, 73(19):5572-5583.
22. Ding T., et al. Silicon Isotopes Geochemistry 1996, Geological Publishing House, Beijing.
23. Ding T., Wan D., Wang C., Zhang F. Silicon isotope compositions of dissolved silicon and suspended matter in the Yangtze River, China. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2004, 68(2):205-216.
24. Douthitt C.B. The geochemistry of the stable isotopes of silicon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1982, 46(8):1449-1458.
25. Dubessy J. Simulation des équilibres chimiques dans le système C-O-H. Conséquences méthodologiques pour les inclusions fluides. Bull. Mineral. 1984, 107:157-168.
26. Dubessy J., Poty B., Ramboz C. Advances in C-O-H-N-S fluid geochemistry based on micro-Raman spectrometric analysis of fluid inclusions. European Journal of Mineralogy 1989, 1(4):517-534.
27. Dubessy J., Lhomme T., Boiron M.-C., Rull F. Determination of chlorinity in aqueous fluids using Raman spectroscopy of the stretching band of water at room temperature: application to fluid inclusions. Applied Spectroscopy 2002, 56(1):99-106.
28. Duchac K.C., Hanor J.S. Origin and timing of the metasomatic silicification of an early archean komatiite sequence, barberton mountain land, South Africa. Precambrian Research 1987, 37(2):125-146.
29. Fitoussi C., Bourdon B., Kleine T., Oberli F., Reynolds B.C. Si isotope systematics of meteorites and terrestrial peridotites: implications for Mg/Si fractionation in the solar nebula and for Si in the Earth's core. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2009, 287(1-2):77-85.
30. Hofmann A. The geochemistry of sedimentary rocks from the Fig Tree Group, Barberton greenstone belt: implications for tectonic, hydrothermal and surface processes during mid-Archaean times. Precambrian Research 2005, 143(1-4):23-49.
31. Hofmann A., Harris C. Silica alteration zones in the Barberton greenstone belt: a window into subseafloor processes 3.5-3.3âGa ago. Chemical Geology 2008, 257(3-4):224-242.
32. Holland H.D. The Chemical Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans 1978, Princeton University Press.
33. Hu G., Clayton R.N. Oxygen isotope salt effects at high pressure and high temperature and the calibration of oxygen isotope geothermometers. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2003, 67(17):3227-3246.
34. Hurley P.M., Pinson W.H., Nagy B., Teska T.M. Ancient age of the Middle Marker Horizon, Onverwacht Group, Swaziland Sequence, South Africa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1972, 14(3):360-366.
35. Kamo S.L., Davis D.W. Reassessment of Archean crustal development in the Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa, based on U-Pb dating. Tectonics 1994, 13(1):167-192.
36. Karhu J., Epstein S. The implication of the oxygen isotope records in coexisting cherts and phosphates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1986, 50(8):1745-1756.
37. Knauth L.P. Petrogenesis of chert. Silica: Physical Behavior, Geochemistry and Materials Applications. Reviews in Mineralogy 1994, 233-258.
38. Knauth L.P. Temperature and salinity history of the Precambrian ocean: implications for the course of microbial evolution. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2005, 219(1-2):53-69.
39. Knauth L.P., Lowe D.R. Oxygen isotope geochemistry of cherts from Onverwacht Group (3.4billion years), Transvaal, South-Africa, with implications for secular variations in isotopic composition of cherts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1978, 41(2):209-222.
40. Knauth L.P., Lowe D.R. High archean climatic temperature inferred from oxygen isotope geochemistry of chert in the 3.5Ga Swaziland Supergroup. Geological Society of America Bulletin 2003, 115(5):566-580.
41. Koschinsky A., et al. Hydrothermal venting at pressure-temperature conditions above the critical point of seawater, 5â°S on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Geology 2008, 36(8):615-618.
42. Kröner A., Hegner E., Wendt J.I., Byerly G.R. The oldest part of the Barberton granitoid-greenstone terrain, South Africa: evidence for crust formation between 3.5 and 3.7Ga. Precambrian Research 1996, 78(1-3):105-124.
43. Krüner A., Byerly G.R., Lowe D.R. Chronology of early Archaean granite-greenstone evolution in the Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa, based on precise dating by single zircon evaporation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1991, 103(1-4):41-54.
44. Lécuyer C., Gruau G., Anhaeusser C.R., Fourcade S. The origin of fluids and the effects of metamorphism on the primary chemical compositions of Barberton komatiites: new evidence from geochemical (REE) and isotopic (Nd, O, H,) data. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1994, 58(2):969-984.
45. Leventhal J., Suess S.E., Cloud P. Nonprevalence of biochemical fossils in kerogen from pre-phanerozoic sediments. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1975, 72(12):4706-4710.
46. Lowe D. Geologic Evolution of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa 1999.
47. Lowe D.R., Byerly G.R. Archaean flow-top alteration zones formed initially in a low-temperature sulphate-rich environment. Nature 1986, 324(6094):245-248.
48. Lowe D.R., Knauth L.P. Sedimentology of the Onverwacht Group (3.4billion years), Transvaal, South Africa, and its bearing on the characteristics and evolution of the early earth. Journal of Geology 1977, 85(6):699-723.
49. Marin-Carbonne J., Chaussidon M., Robert F. Microscale oxygen isotope variations in 1.9Ga Gunflint cherts: assessments of diagenesis effects and implications for oceanic paleotemperature reconstructions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2010, 74(1):116-130.
50. Matsuhisa Y., Goldsmith J.R., Clayton R.N. Oxygen isotopic fractionation in the system quartz-albite-anorthite-water. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1979, 43(7):1131-1140.
51. Northrop D.A., Clayton R.N. Oxygen-istotope fractionations in system containing dolomite. Journal of Geology 1966, 74:174-196.
52. Paris I., Stanistreet I.G., Hughes M.J. Cherts of the Barberton greenstone belt interpreted as products of submarine exhalative activity. Journal of Geology 1985, 93(2):111-129.
53. Perry E.C. The oxygen isotopes chemistry of ancient cherts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1967, 3:62-66.
54. Ramboz C., Pichavant M., Weisbrod A. Fluid immiscibility in natural processes: use and misuse of fluid inclusion data. II. Interpretation of fluid inclusion data in terms of immiscibility. Chemical Geology 1982, 37(1-2):29-48.
55. Richard L. Sur l'origine des ions chlorure dans les eaux salines des massifs granitiquesA dual origin for the chloride ions of saline waters from crystalline rocks. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science 2000, 331(12):783-788.
56. Robert F. Carbon and oxygen isotope variations in Precambrian cherts. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1988, 52(6):1473-1478.
57. Robert F., Chaussidon M. A palaeotemperature curve for the Precambrian oceans based on silicon isotopes in cherts. Nature 2006, 443(7114):969-972.
58. Fluid inclusions. Reviews in Mineralogy 1984, 12. Mineralogical Society of America, 644 pp. E. Roedder (Ed.).
59. Rollion-Bard C., Mangin D., Champenois M. Development and application of oxygen and carbon isotopic measurements of biogenic carbonates by ion microprobe. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research 2007, 31(1):39-50.
60. Savage P.S., Georg R.B., Armytage R.M.G., Williams H.M., Halliday A.N. Silicon isotope homogeneity in the mantle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2010, 295(1-2):139-146.
61. Shanks W.C. Stable isotopes in seafloor hydrothermal systems: vents fluids, hydrothermal deposits, hydrothermal alteration and microbial process. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry: Stable Isotopes Geochemistry 2001, 469-526. Mineralogical Society of America. J.W. Valley, D.R. Cole (Eds.).
62. Sharp Z.D., Kirschner L.D. Quartz-calcite isotope thermometry: a calibration based on natural isotopic variations. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1994, 58(21):4491-4501.
63. Sheppard S.M.F. Igneous rocks: III. Isotopic case studies of magmatism in Africa, Eurasia and oceanic islands. Stable Isotopes in High Temperature Geological Processes 1986, 319-371.
64. Sheppard S.M.F., Schwarcz H.P. Fractionation of carbon and oxygen isotopes and magnesium between coexisting metamorphic calcite and dolomite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 1970, 26(3):161-198.
65. Siever R. The silica cycle in the Precambrian. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1992, 56(8):3265-3272.
66. Steinhoefel G., et al. Deciphering formation processes of banded iron formations from the Transvaal and the Hamersley successions by combined Si and Fe isotope analysis using UV femtosecond laser ablation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2010, 74(9):2677-2696.
67. 2 system. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1994, 58(3):1073-1082.
68. Toulkeridis T., et al. Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr and Pb-Pb dating of silicic carbonates from the early Archaean Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: evidence for post-depositional isotopic resetting at low temperature. Precambrian Research 1998, 92(2):129-144.
69. van den Boorn S., van Bergen M.J., Nijman W., Vroon P.Z. Dual role of seawater and hydrothermal fluids in Early Archean chert formation: evidence from silicon isotopes. Geology 2007, 35(10):939-942.
70. van den Boorn S.H.J.M., van Bergen M.J., Vroon P.Z., de Vries S.T., Nijman W. Silicon isotope and trace element constraints on the origin of 3.5Ga cherts: implications for Early Archaean marine environments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2010, 74(3):1077-1103.
71. Varela D.E., Pride C.J., Brzezinski M.A. Biological fractionation of silicon isotopes in Southern Ocean surface waters. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 2004, 18(1):1-8. GB1047.
72. Weis D., Wasserburg G.J. RbSr and SmNd isotope geochemistry and chronology of cherts from the Onverwacht Group (3.5 AE), South Africa Division Contribution No. 4326 (527). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1987, 51(4):973-984.
73. Weisbrod Utilisation des inclusions fluides en geothermobarométrie. I. thermométrie et barométrie géologiques 1984, 415-459. Soc. Fr. Min. Cristallogr. L. M (Ed.).
74. Yardley B.W.D., Graham J.T. The origins of salinity in metamorphic fluids. Geofluids 2002, 2(4):249-256.
75. Yardley B.W.D., Banks D.A., Barnicoat A.C. The chemistry of crustal brines: tracking their origins. I. Hydrothermal Iron Oxide Copper Gold and Related Deposits, A Global Perspective 2000, 61-70. A.M.F. T.M. Porter (Ed.).
76. 2O using synthetic fluid inclusions. Chemical Geology 1987, 64(3-4):335-350.
77. Ziegler K., Chadwick O.A., Brzezinski M.A., Kelly E.F. Natural variations of d30Si ratios during progressive basalt weathering, Hawaiian Islands. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2005, 69(19):4597-4610.
78. Ziegler K., Chadwick O.A., Brzezinski M.A., Kelly E.F. Natural variations of Î-30Si ratios during progressive basalt weathering, Hawaiian Islands. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2005, 69(19):4597-4610.