Normalizing the development of cortisol regulation in maltreated infants through preventive interventions

Development and Psychopathology

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 789-800

  Cicchetti, Dante ^a,b   Rogosch, Fred A ^b   Toth, Sheree L ^b   Sturge Apple, Melissa L ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HYDROCORTISONE;

ARTICLE; CHILD ABUSE; CHILD PARENT RELATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FAMILY THERAPY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFANT; MALE; METABOLISM; MOTHER; MOTHER CHILD RELATION; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SALIVA; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

CHILD ABUSE; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FAMILY THERAPY; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; INFANT; MALE; MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONS; MOTHERS; PARENTING; SALIVA; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 80054929375     PISSN: 09545794     EISSN: 14692198     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0954579411000307     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. Arbuckle, J. L. (2006). Amos (Version 7.0) [Computer Program]. Chicago: SPSS.
2. Azar, S. T. (2002). Parenting and child maltreatment. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: Social conditions and applied parenting (Vol. 4, 2nd ed., pp. 361-388). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
3. Barnett, D., Manly, J. T., & Cicchetti, D. (1993). Defining child maltreatment: The interface between policy and research. In D. Cicchetti & S. L. Toth (Eds.), Child abuse, child development, and social policy (pp. 7-74). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
4. Beach, S. R. H., Brody, G. H., Todorov, A., Gunter, T. & Philibert, R. A. (2009). Methylation at SLC6A4 is linked to family history of child abuse: An examination of the Iowa Adoptee Sample. American Journal of Medical Genetics: Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 153, 710-713.
5. Black, J., Jones, T. A., Nelson, C. A., & Greenough,W. T. (1998). Neuronal plasticity and the developing brain. In N. E. Alessi, J. T. Coyle, S. I. Harrison, & S. Eth (Eds.), Handbook of child and adolescent psychiatry (pp. 31-53). New York: Wiley.
6. Bolger, K. E., Patterson, C. J., & Kupersmidt, J. B. (1998). Peer relationships and self-esteem among children who have been maltreated. Child Development, 69, 1171-1197.
7. Brand, S. R., Brennan, P. A., Newport, D. J., Smith, A. K., Weiss, T., & Stowe, Z. N. (2010). The impact of maternal childhood abuse on maternal and infant HPA axis function in the postpartum period. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 35, 686-693.
8. Bugental, D. B., Martorell, G. A., & Barraza, V. (2003). The hormonal costs of subtle forms of infant maltreatment. Hormones and Behavior, 43, 237-244.
9. Cicchetti, D. (2002). How a child builds a brain: Insights from normality and psychopathology. In W. Hartup & R. Weinberg (Eds.), Minnesota symposia on child psychology: Vol. 32. Child psychology in retrospect and prospect (pp. 23-71). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
10. Cicchetti, D. (2010). Resilience under conditions of extreme stress: A multilevel perspective. World Psychiatry, 9, 1-10.
11. Cicchetti, D., & Curtis,W. J. (2005). An event-related potential (ERP) study of processing of affective facial expressions in young children who have experienced maltreatment during the first year of life. Development and Psychopathology, 17, 641-677.
12. Cicchetti, D., & Curtis, W. J. (2006). The developing brain and neural plasticity: Implications for normality, psychopathology, and resilience. In D.Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Developmental neuroscience (Vol. 2, 2nd ed., pp. 1-64). New York: Wiley.
13. Cicchetti, D., & Gunnar, M. R. (2008). Integrating biological processes into the design and evaluation of preventive interventions. Development and Psychopathology, 20, 737-743.
14. Cicchetti, D.,&Lynch, M. (1993). Toward an ecological/transactional model of community violence and child maltreatment: Consequences for children's development. Psychiatry, 56, 96-118.
15. Cicchetti, D., & Lynch, M. (1995). Failures in the expectable environment and their impact on individual development: The case of child maltreatment. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Risk, disorder, and adaptation (Vol. 2, pp. 32-71). NewYork:Wiley.
16. Cicchetti, D., & Rizley, R. (1981). Developmental perspectives on the etiology, intergenerational transmission and sequelae of child maltreatment. New Directions for Child Development, 11, 31-55.
17. Cicchetti, D., & Rogosch, F. A. (1997). The role of self-organization in the promotion of resilience in maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology, 9, 799-817.
18. Cicchetti, D., & Rogosch, F. A. (2001). Diverse patterns of neuroendocrine activity in maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 677-694.
19. Cicchetti, D., & Rogosch, F. A. (2007). Personality, adrenal steroid hormones, and resilience in maltreated children: A multi-level perspective. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 787-809.
20. Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., Gunnar,M. R., & Toth, S. L. (2010). The differential impacts of early abuse on internalizing problems and diurnal cortisol activity in school-aged children. Child Development, 25, 252-269.
21. Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., Maughan, A., Toth, S. L., & Bruce, J. (2003). False belief understanding in maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology, 15, 1067-1091.
22. Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., & Toth, S. L. (2006). Fostering secure attachment in infants in maltreating families through preventive interventions. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 623-650.
23. Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (1995). A developmental psychopathology perspective on child abuse and neglect. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 541-565.
24. Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (2005). Child maltreatment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 409-438.
25. Cicchetti, D., Toth, S. L., & Manly, J. T. (2003). Maternal Maltreatment Interview. Unpublished manuscript.
26. Cicchetti, D., & Tucker, D. (1994). Development and self-regulatory structures of the mind. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 533-549.
27. Cicchetti, D., & Valentino, K. (2006). An ecological transactional perspective on child maltreatment: Failure of the average expectable environment and its influence upon child development. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology (Vol. 3, 2nd ed., pp. 129-201). New York: Wiley.
28. Cyr, C., Euser, E. M., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2010). Attachment and security and disorganization in maltreating and high-risk families: A series of meta-analyses. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 87-108.
29. Danese, A., Caspi, A., Williams, B., Ambler, A., Sugden, K., Mika, J., et al. (2011). Biological embedding of stress through inflammation processes in childhood. Molecular Psychiatry, 16, 244-246.
30. Danese, A., Moffitt, T. E., Pariante, C. M., Ambler, A., Poulton, R., & Caspi, A. (2008). Elevated inflammation levels in depressed adults with a history of childhood maltreatment. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65, 409-415.
31. Danese, A., Pariante, C. M., Caspi, A., Taylor, A., & Poulton, R. (2007). Childhood maltreatment predicts adult inflammation in a life-course study. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104, 1319-1324.
32. Davies, P. T., Winter, M. A., & Cicchetti, D. (2006). The implications of emotional security theory for understanding and treating childhood psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 707-736.
33. DeBellis, M. D. (2001). Developmental traumatology: The psychobiological development of maltreated children and its implications for research, treatment, and policy. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 539-564.
34. DeBellis, M. D. (2005). The psychobiology of neglect. Child Maltreatment, 10, 150-172.
35. Dozier, M., Peloso, E., Lewis, E., Laurenceau, J. P., & Levine, S. (2008). Effects of an attachment-based intervention on the cortisol production of infants and toddlers in foster care. Development and Psychopathology, 20, 845-859.
36. Dubowitz, H., Pitts, S. C., Litrownik, A. J., Cox, C. E., Runyan, D., & Black, M. M. (2005). Defining child neglect based on child protective services data. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29, 493-511.
37. Egeland, B., Cicchetti, D., & Taraldson, B. (1976). Child abuse: A family affair. In Seminaire de recherche Nathalie Masse: Les enfants victimes de mauvais traitments (pp. 28-52). Paris: C.I.E.
38. English, D. J., Upadhyaya, M. P., Litrownik, A. J., Marshall, J. M., Runyan, D. K., Graham, J. C., et al. (2005). Maltreatment's wake: The relationship of maltreatment dimensions to child outcomes. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29, 597-619.
39. Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., et al. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leding causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 245-258.
40. Fisher, P. A., Gunnar, M. R., Dozier, M., Bruce, J., & Pears, K. C. (2006). Effects of therapeutic interventions for foster children on behavioral problems, caregiver attachment, and stress regulatory neural systems. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1094, 215-225.
41. Fisher, P. A., Stoolmiller, M., Gunnar, M. R., & Burraston, B. O. (2007). Effects of a therapeutic intervention for foster preschoolers on daytime cortisol activity. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 32, 892-905.
42. Fraiberg, S., Adelson, E., & Shapiro, V. (1975). Ghosts in the nursery: A psychoanalytic approach to impaired infant-mother relationships. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 14, 387-421.
43. Francis, D., Diorio, J., Plotsky, P. M., & Meaney, M. J. (2002). Environmental enrichment reverses the effects of maternal separation on stress reactivity. Journal of Neuroscience, 22, 7840-7843.
44. Gunnar, M. R., Fisher, P. A., & The Early Experience, Stress, and Prevention Network. (2006). Bringing basic research on early experience and stress neurobiology to bear on preventive interventions for neglected and maltreated children. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 651-678.
45. Gunnar, M. R., & Quevedo, K. (2007). The neurobiology of stress and development. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 145-173.
46. Gunnar, M. R., & Vazquez, D. (2001). Low cortisol and a flattening of expected daytime rhythm: Potential indices of risk in human development. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 515-538.
47. Gunnar, M. R., & Vazquez, D. (2006). Stress neurobiology and developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Vol. 2. Developmental neuroscience (2nd ed., pp. 533-577). New York: Wiley.
48. Hart, J., Gunnar, M., & Cicchetti, D. (1995). Salivary cortisol in maltreated children: Evidence of relations between neuroendocrine activity and social competence. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 11-26.
49. Heim, C., Newport, J. D., Mletzko, T., Miller, A. H., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2008). The link between childhood trauma and depression: Insights from HPA axis studies in humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 33, 693-710.
50. Herman, J. P., & Cullinan, W. E. (1997). Neurocircuitry of stress: Central control of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Trends in Neurosciences, 20, 78-84.
51. Huttenlocher, P. (2002). Neural plasticity: The effects of environment on the development of the cerebral cortex. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
52. Jaffee, S. R., & Maikovich-Fong, A. K. (2011). Effects of chronic maltreatment and maltreatment timing on children's behavior and cognitive abilities. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52, 184-194.
53. Juster, R.-P., Bizik, G., Picard, M., Arsenault-Lapierre, G., Sindi, S., Trepanier, L., et al. (2011). A transdisciplinary perspective of chronic stress in relation to psychopathology throughout life span development. Development and Psychopathology, 23, 725-776.
54. Juster, R.-P., McEwen, B. S.,&Lupien, S. J. (2009). Allostatic load biomarkers of chronic stress and impact on health and cognition. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 35, 2-16.
55. Levine, S. (2005). Developmental determinants of sensitivity and resistance to stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 30, 939-946.
56. Lieberman, A. F. (1992). Infant-parent psychotherapy with toddlers. Development and Psychopathology, 4, 559-574.
57. Lupien, S. J., Ouellet-Morin, I., Hupbach, A., Tu, M. T., Buss, C., Walker, D., et al. (2006). Beyond the stress concept: Allostatic load-A developmental biological and cognitive perspective. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Vol. 2. Developmental neuroscience (2nd ed., pp. 578-628). New York: Wiley.
58. Manly, J. T. (2005). Advances in research definitions of child maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29, 425-439.
59. Masten, A. S., & Cicchetti, D. (2010). Editorial: Developmental cascades. Developmental Cascades. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 491-495.
60. McCormack, K. M., Grand, A., LaPrairie, J., Fulks, R., Graff, A., Maestripieri, D., et al. (2003). Behavioral and neuroendocrine outcomes of infant maltreatment in rhesus monkeys: The first four months. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 641, 14.
61. McCrory, E., DeBrito, S. A.,& Viding, E. (2010). Research review: The neurobiology and genetics of maltreatment and adversity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51, 1079-1095.
62. McEwen, B. S., & Stellar, E. (1993). Stress and the individual mechanisms leading to disease. Archives of Internal Medicine, 153, 2093-2101.
63. Meaney, M. J. (2010). Epigenetics and parental effects. Child Development, 32, 818-827.
64. Meaney, M. J., & Szyf, M. (2005). Environmental programming of stress responses throughDNAmethylation: Life at the interface between a dynamic environment and a fixed genome. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 7, 103-123.
65. Meredith, W., & Tisak, J. (1990). Latent curve analysis. Psychometrika, 55, 107-122.
66. Miller, G. E., Chen, E., Fok, A. K.,Walker, H., Lim, A., Nicholls, E. F., et al. (2009). Low early-life social class leaves a biological residue manifested by decreased glucocorticoid and increased proinflammatory signaling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106, 14716-14721.
67. Olds, D. L., Eckenrode, J., Henderson, C. R., Jr., Kitzman, H., Powers, J., Cole, R. et al. (1997). Long-term effects of home visitation on maternal life course and child abuse and neglect: 15-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 278, 637-643.
68. Olds, D. L.,Henderson,C.R., Jr., Cole,R., Eckenrode, J.,Kitzman,H., Luckey, D., et al. (1998). Long-term effects of nurse home visitation on children's criminal and antisocial behavior: 15-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280, 1238-1244.
69. Olds, D. L., & Kitzman, H. (1990). Can home visitation improve the health of women and children at environmental risk? Pediatrics, 86, 108-116.
70. Pollak, S. D., Cicchetti, D., Klorman, R., & Brumaghim, J. (1997). Cognitive brain event-related potentials and emotion processing in maltreated children. Child Development, 68, 773-787.
71. Rieder, C., & Cicchetti, D. (1989). Organizational perspective on cognitive control functioning and cognitive-affective balance in maltreated children. Developmental Psychology, 25, 382-393.
72. Rogosch, F. A., Cicchetti, D.,&Aber, J. L. (1995). The role of child maltreatment in early deviations in cognitive and affective processing abilities and later peer relationship problems. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 591-609.
73. Rogosch, F. A., Cicchetti, D., Shields, A., & Toth, S. L. (1995). Parenting dysfunction in child maltreatment. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting (Vol. 4, pp. 127-159). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
74. Rogosch, F. A., Oshri, A.,&Cicchetti, D. (2010). From child maltreatment to adolescent cannabis abuse and dependence: A developmental cascade model. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 883-897
75. Sameroff, A. J., & Chandler, M. J. (1975). Reproductive risk and the continuum of caretaking casualty. In F. D. Horowitz (Ed.), Review of child development research (Vol. 4, pp. 187-244). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
76. Sanchez,M.M. (2006). The impact of early adverse care onHPA axis development: Nonhuman primate models. Hormones and Behavior, 50, 623-631.
77. Sanchez, M. M., Ladd, C. O., & Plotsky, P. M. (2001). Early adverse experience as a developmental risk factor for later psychopathology: Evidence from rodent and primate models. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 419-450.
78. Sanchez, M. M., McCormack, K., Grand, A. P., Fulks, R., Graff, A.,& Maestripieri, D. (2010). Effects of sex and early maternal abuse on adrenocorticotropin hormone and cortisol responses to the corticotrophin- releasing hormone challenge during the first 3 years of life in group-living rhesus monkeys. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 45-53.
79. Shonkoff, J. P., Boyce, W. T., & McEwen, B. S. (2009). Neuroscience, molecular biology, and the childhood roots of health disparities: Building a new framework for health promotion and disease prevention. Journal of the American Medical Association, 301, 2252-2259.
80. Smith, C. A., & Thornberry, T. (1995). The relationship between child maltreatment and adolescent involvement in delinquency. Criminology, 33, 451-481.
81. Stiles, J. (2008). The fundamentals of brain development: Integrating nature and nurture. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
82. Tarullo, A. R., & Gunnar, M. R. (2006). Child maltreatment and the developing HPA axis. Hormones and Behavior, 50, 632-639.
83. Teisl, M., & Cicchetti, D. (2008). Physical abuse, cognitive and emotional processes, and aggressive/disruptive behavior problems. Social Development, 16, 1-23.
84. Thompson, R. A., & Nelson, C. A. (2001). Developmental science and the media: Early brain development. American Psychologist, 56, 5-15.
85. Tollenaar, M. S., Jansen, J., Beijers, R., Riksen-Walraven, J. M., & de Weerth, C. (2010). Cortisol in the first year of life: Normative values and intra-individual variability. Early Human Development, 86, 13-16.
86. Toth, S. L., Cicchetti, D., Macfie, J., Maughan, A.,&VanMeenan, K. (2000). Narrative representations of caregivers and self in maltreated preschoolers. Attachment and Human Development, 2, 271-305.
87. Toth, S. L., Pickreign Stronach, E., Rogosch, F. A., Caplan, R., & Cicchetti, D. (in press). Thought disorder in maltreated children. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry.
88. Trickett, P. K., Noll, J. G., Susman, E. J., Shenk, C. E., & Putnam, F. W. (2010). Attenuation of cortisol across development for victims of sexual abuse. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 165-175.