Essential roles and hazardous effects of nickel in plants

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

Volumn 214, Issue , 2011, Pages 125-167

  Ahmad, Muhammad Sajid Aqeel ^a   Ashraf, Muhammad ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE   (Pakistan)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NICKEL; TRACE ELEMENT;

ARTICLE; CELL MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY; DRUG EFFECT; GERMINATION; METABOLISM; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PLANT;

CELL MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY; GERMINATION; MICRONUTRIENTS; NICKEL; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PLANTS;

EID: 80054740166     PISSN: 01795953     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0668-6_6     Document Type: Article

References (370)

1. Abbanat DR, Ferry JG (1991) Resolution of component proteins in an enzyme complex from Methanosarcina thermophila catalyzing the synthesis or cleavage of acetyl-CoA. PNAS: 88:3272-3276.
2. Ahmad M S A, Ashraf M, Hussain M, Ozturk M (2011) Effect of nickel on yield and levels of macro-and micro-nutrients in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) achenes. J Hazard Mat 185:1295-1303.
3. Ahmad M S A, Hussain M, Ashraf M, Ahmad R, Ashraf MY (2009) Effect of nickel on seed germinability of some elite sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars. Pak J Bot 41:1871-1882.
4. Ahmad M S A, Hussain M, Saddiq R, Alvi AK (2007) Mungbean: A nickel indicator, accumulator or excluder? Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 78:319-324.
5. Ali AP, Saradhi PP (1991) Proline accumulation under heavy metal stress. J Plant Physiol 138:504-508.
6. Ali MA, Ashraf M, Athar HR (2009) Influence of nickel stress on growth and some important physiological/biochemical attributes in some diverse canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. J Hazard Mat 172:964-969.
7. Alia, Mohanty P, Matysik J (2001) Effect of proline on the production of singlet oxygen. Amino Acids 21:195-200.
8. Alloway BJ (1995) Heavy Metals in Soils. Springer, The Netherlands.
9. Al-Mjeni F, Ju T, Pochapsky TC, Maroney MJ (2002) XAS investigation of the structure and function of Ni in acireductone dioxygenase. Biochemistry 41:6761-6769.
10. Alscher RG, Erturk N, Heath LS (2002) Role of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in controlling oxidative stress in plants. J Exp Bot 53:1331-1341.
11. Antoniadis V, Robinson JS, Alloway BJ (2008) Effects of short-term pH fuctuations on cadmium, nickel, lead, and zinc availability to ryegrass in a sewage sludge-amended field. Chemosphere 71:759-764.
12. Ashraf MY, Sadiq R, Hussain M, Ashraf M, Ahmad M S A (2011) Nickel contamination in growth medium disturbs the growth and metabolism in germinating seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Biol Trace Elem Res (In Press).
13. Assembly of Life Sciences (1975) U. S. Committee on Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants. Nickel. Published by National Academy of Sciences.
14. Atta-Aly MA (1999) Effect of nickel addition on the yield and quality of parsley leaves. Sci Hort 82:9-24.
15. Aubert H, Pinta M (1978) Trace Elements in Soils. Elsevier.
16. Aziz EE, Gad N, Badran NM (2007) Effect of cobalt and nickel on plant growth, yield and flavonoids content of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Australian J Basic Appl Sci 1:73-78.
17. Baccouch S, Chaoui A, El Ferjani E (1998a) Nickel toxicity: Effects on growth and metabolism of maize. J Plant Nutr 21:577-588.
18. Baccouch S, Chaoui A, El Ferjani E (1998b) Nickel-induced oxidative damage and antioxidant responses in Zea mays shoots. Plant Physiol Biochem 36:689-694.
19. Baccouch S, Chaoui A, El Ferjani E (2001) Nickel toxicity induces oxidative damage in Zea mays roots. J Plant Nutr 24:1085-1097.
20. Bai C, Reilly CC, Wood BW (2006a) Nickel deficiency disrupts metabolism of ureides, amino acids, and organic acids of young pecan foliage. Plant Physiol 140:433-443.
21. Bai C, Reilly CC, Wood BW (2007) Nickel deficiency affects nitrogenous forms and urease activity in spring xylem sap of pecan. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 132:302-309.
22. Bai C, Yi S, Reilly CC, Wood BW (2006b) Insights into the nutritional physiology of nickel. In: Proceedings of the International Journal of Horticultural Science. 27th International Horticultural Congress, August 13-19, 2006, Soul, Korea, p. 127-128.
23. Balaguer J, Almendo MB, Gomez I, Navarro-Pedreno J, Mataix J (1998) Tomato growth and yield affected by nickel presented in the nutrient solution, Acta Hort 458:269-272.
24. Bandurska H (2001) Does proline accumulated in leaves of water deficit stressed barley plants confine cell membrane injuries? II. Proline accumulation during hardening and its involvement in reducing membrane injuries in leaves subjected to severe osmotic stress. Acta Physiol Plant 23:483-490.
25. Barcelo J, Poschenrieder C (1990) Plant water relations as affected by heavy metal stress: A review. J Plant Nut 13:1-37.
26. Barker AV (2006) Nickel. In: Barker AV, Pilbeam DJ (eds). Handbook of Plant Nutrition. CRC Press.
27. Bast E (1988) Nickel requirement for the formation of active urease in purple sulfur bacteria (Chromatiaceae). Arch Microbiol 150:6-10.
28. Bennett WF (1993) Nutrient Deficiencies and Toxicities in Crop Plants. St. Paul, MN. APS Press. PP: 202.
29. Benoit SL, Maier RJ (2003) Dependence of Helicobacter pylori urease activity on the nickelsequestering ability of the UreE accessory protein. J Bacteriol 185:4787-95.
30. Benoit SL, Zbell AL, Maier RJ (2007) Nickel enzyme maturation in Helicobacter hepaticus: roles of accessory proteins in hydrogenase and urease activities. Microbiology 153:3748-3756.
31. Bewley JD (1997) Seed germination and dormancy. Plant Cell 9:1055-1066.
32. Bewley JD, Black M (1994) Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. 2nd Ed. Plenum Press, New York and London. pp: 1-31.
33. Bhatia NP, Orlic I, Siegele R, Ashwath N, Baker A J M, Walsh KB (2003) Elemental mapping using PIXE shows the main pathway of nickel movement is principally symplastic within the fruit of the hyperaccumulator Stackhousia tryonii. New Phytol 160:479-488.
34. Bhatia NP, Walsh KB, Baker A J M (2005) Detection and quantification of ligands involved in nickel detoxification in the herbaceous Ni hyperaccumulator Stackhousia tryonii Bailey. J Exp Bot 56:1343-1349.
35. Birch F (1964) Density and composition of the mantle and core. J Geophys Res 69(20):4377-4388.
36. Bishnoi NR, Sheoran IS, Singh R (1993a) Effect of cadmium and nickel on mobilization of food reserves and activities of hydrolytic enzymes in germinating pigeon pea seeds. Biol Plant 35:583-589.
37. Bishnoi NR, Sheoran IS, Singh R (1993b) Influence of cadmium and nickel on photosynthesis and water relations in wheat leaves of different insertion level. Photosynthetica 28:473-479.
38. Blakely R, Zerner B (1984). Jack bean urease: the first nickel enzyme. J Mol Catal 23:263-292.
39. Boisvert S, Joly D, Leclerc S, Govindachary S, Harnois J, Carpentier R (2007) Inhibition of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem-II and depletion of extrinsic polypeptides by nickel. Biometals 20:879-889.
40. Bonam D, Ludden PW (1987) Purification and characterization of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, a nickel, zinc, iron-sulfur protein, from Rhodospirillum rubrum. J Biol Chem 262:2980-2987.
41. Booker FL (2004) Influence of ozone on ribonuclease activity in wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves. Physiol Plant, 120:249-255.
42. Boominathan R, Doran PM (2002) Ni-induced oxidative stress in roots of the Ni hyperaccumulator, Alyssum bertolonii. New Phytol 156:205-215.
43. Boyd RS, Wall MA, Jaffre T (2006) Nickel levels in arthropods associated with Ni hyperaccumulator plants from an ultramafic site in New Caledonia. Insect Sci 13(4):271-277.
44. Briggs DE (1992) Barley germination: Biochemical changes and hormonal control. In: Shewry PR (ed). Barley: Genetics, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CAB International, Wallingford. Pp. 369-401.
45. Brooks RR, Shaw S, Marfil AA (1981) The chemical form and physiological function of nickel in some Iberian Alyssum species. Physiol Plant 51:167-170.
46. Brown PH (2006) Nickel. In: Barker AV, Pilbeam DJ (eds) Handbook of Plant Nutrition. CRC Press.
47. Brown PH, Welch RM, Cary EE (1987a) Nickel: A micronutrient essential for higher plants. Plant Physiol 85:801-803.
48. Brown PH, Welch RM, Cary EE, Checkai RT (1987b) Beneficial effects of nickel on plant growth. J Plant Nutr 10:2125-2135.
49. Brown PH, Welch RM, Madison JT (1990) Effect of nickel deficiency on soluble anion, amino acid, and nitrogen levels in barley. Plant Soil 125:19-27.
50. Burgdorf T, Lenz O, Buhrke T, van der Linden E, Jones AK, Albracht S P J, Friedrich B (2005) [NiFe]-Hydrogenases of Ralstonia eutropha H16: Modular enzymes for oxygen-tolerant biological hydrogen oxidation. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 10:181-196.
51. Burke DJ, Weis JS, Weis P (2000) Release of metals by the leaves of the salt marsh grasses Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis. Estuar Coasta Shelf Sci 51:153-159.
52. Cataldo DA, Garland TR, Wildung RE (1978) Nickel in plants: I. Uptake kinetics using intact soybean seedlings. Plant Physiol., 62:563-565.
53. Cataldo DA, McFadden KM, Garland TR, Wildung RE (1988) Organic constituents and complexation of nickel (II), iron (III), cadmium (II) and plutonium (IV) in soybean xylem exudates. Plant Physiol 86:734-739.
54. Cempel M, Nikel G (2006) Nickel: A review of its sources and environmental toxicology. Polish J Environ Stud 15:375-382.
55. Chachalis D, Reddy KN (2000) Factors affecting Campsis radicans seed germination and seedling emergence. Weed Sci 48:212-216.
56. Chai SC, Ju T, Dang M, Goldsmith RB, Maroney MJ, Pochapsky TC (2008). Characterization of metal binding in the active sites of acireductone dioxygenase isoforms from Klebsiella ATCC 8724. Biochemistry 47:2428-38.
57. Chatterjee J, Chatterjee C (2000) Phytotoxicity of cobalt, chromium and copper in caulifower. Environ Poll 109:69-74.
58. Chawan DD (1995) Environment and Adaptive Biology of Plants. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India.
59. Checkai RT, Norvell WA, Welch RM (1986) Investigation of nickel essentiality in higher plants using a recirculating resin-buffered hydroponic system. Agron Abst p 195.
60. Chen JC, Ting YY, Lin H, Lian TC (2009) Heavy metal. Concentrations in sea water from grass prawn hatcheries and the coast of Taiwan. J World Maricul Soc 16:316-332.
61. Clemens S (2001) Molecular mechanisms of plant metal tolerance and homeostasis. Planta 212:475-486.
62. Clugston SL, Barnard J F J, Kinach R, Miedema D, Ruman R, Daub E, Honek JF (1998) Overproduction and characterization of a dimeric non-zinc glyoxylase I from Escherichia coli evidence for optimal activation by nickel ions. Biochemistry 37:8754-8763.
63. Clugston SL, Honek JF (2000) Identification of sequences encoding the detoxification metalloisomerase glyoxalase I in microbial genomes from several pathogenic organisms. J Mol Evol 50(5):491-5.
64. Cobbett CS (2000) Phytochelatins and their roles in heavy metal detoxification. Plant Physiol 123:825-833.
65. 34: Mechanisms and applications, FEMS Microbiol Rev 14:405-414.
66. Colpas GJ, Hausinger RP (2000) In vivo and in vitro kinetics of metal transfer by the Klebsiella aerogenes urease nickel metallochaperone, UreE. J Biol Chem 275:10731-10737.
67. Costa M, Zhuang Z, Cosentino S, Klein CB, Salnikow K (1994) Molecular mechanisms of nickel carcinogenesis. Sci Total Environ 148:191-199.
68. Dahiya DJ, Singh JP, Kumar V (1993) Nitrogen uptake in wheat as influenced by the presence of nickel. Arid Land Res Manag 8:51-58.
69. Dalton DA, HJ Evans, FJ Hanus (1985) Stimulation by nickel of soil microbial urease activity and urease and hydrogenase activities in soybeans grown in a low-nickel soil. Plant Soil 88:245-258.
70. Darnault C, Volbeda A, Kim EJ, Legrand P, Vernède X, Lindahl PA, Fontecilla-Camps JC (2003) Ni-Zn-[Fe4-S4] and Ni-Ni-[Fe4-S4] clusters in closed and open alpha subunits of acetyl-CoA synthase/carbon monoxide dehydrogenase. Nat Struct Biol 10:271-279.
71. Dat J, Vandenabeele S, Vranova E, Van Montagu M, Inze D, Van Breusegem F (2000) Dual action of the active oxygen species during plant stress responses. Cell Mol Life Sci 57:779-795.
72. Demchenko NP, Kalimova IB, Demchenko KN (2005) Effect of nickel on growth, proliferation, and differentiation of root cells in Triticum aestivum seedlings. Russ J Plant Physiol 52:220-228.
73. DeMoll E, Grahame DA, Harnly JM, Tsai L, Stadtman TC (1987) Purification and properties of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from Methanococcus vannielii. J Bacteriol 169:3916-3920.
74. Dennis JK, Such TE (1993) Nickel and Chromium Plating, 3rd ed. Cambridge, UK: Woodhead Publishing Ltd.
75. Diekert G, Ritter M (1983) Purification of the nickel protein carbon monoxide dehydrogenase of Clostridium thermoaceticum. FEBS Lett 151:41-44.
76. Diekert G, Thauer RK (1980) The effect of nickel on carbon monoxide dehydrogenase formation in Clostridium thermoaceticum and Clostridium formicoaceticum. FEMS Microbiol Lett 7:187-189.
77. Diekert G, Weber B, Thauer RK (1980) Nickel dependence of factor F430 content in Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. Arch Microbiol 127:273-278.
78. Dixon NE, Gazzola C, Blakely RL, Zemer R (1975) Jack bean urease (EC 3.5.1.5) A metalloenzyme. A simple biological role for nickel. J Am Chem Soc 97:4131-4133.
79. Dobrolyubskii OK, Slavvo AV (1957) Use of trace element nickel for the nutrition of grapes. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 112:347-359.
80. Doukov TI, Blasiak LC, Seravalli J, Ragsdale SW, Drennan CL (2008) Xenon In and at the End of the Tunnel of Bifunctional Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase/Acetyl-CoA Synthase. Biochem 47:3474-3483.
81. Drake HL, Hu S, Wood HG (1980) Purification of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, a nickel enzyme from Clostridium thermocaceticum. J Biol Chem 255:7174-7180.
82. Duda-Chodak A, Baszczyk U (2008) The impact of nickel on human health. J Elementol 13(4):685-696.
83. Eggen RI, Geerling AC, Jetten MS, de Vos WM (1991) Cloning, expression, and sequence analysis of the genes for carbon monoxide dehydrogenase of Methanothrix soehngenii. J Biol Chem 266:6883-6887.
84. Eitinger T (2004) In vivo production of active nickel superoxide dismutase from Prochlorococcus marinus MIT9313 is dependent on its cognate peptidase. J Bacteriol 186:7821-7825.
85. Eitinger T, Mandrand-Berthelot MA (2000) Nickel transport systems in microorganisms. Arch Microbiol 173:1-9.
86. El-Enany AE, Issa AA (2001) Proline alleviates heavy metal stress in Scenedesmus armatus. Folia Microbiol 46(3):227-230.
87. 2+ on amino acid metabolism in soybean seedlings. Biol Plant 43:79-84.
88. Ensink J H J, Simmons RW, van der Hoek W (2007) Wastewater Use in Pakistan: The Cases of Haroonabad and Faisalabad. The International Development Research Centre, Canada. http://www.idrc.ca/fr/ev-68336-201-1-DO-TOPIC.html.
89. Ermler U, Grabarse W, Shima S, Goubeaud M, Thauer RK (1997) Crystal structure of methylcoenzyme M reductase: The key enzyme of biological methane formation. Science 278:1457-1462.
90. Ermler U, Grabarse W, Shima S, Goubeaud M, Thauer RK (1998). Active sites of transition-metal enzymes with a focus on nickel. Curr Opin Struct Biol 8:749-758.
91. Eskew DL, Welch RM, Cary EE (1983) Nickel: An essential micronutrient for legumes and possibly all higher plants. Science 222:691-693.
92. Eskew DL, Welch RM, Norvell WA (1984) Nickel in higher plants: further evidence for an essential role. Plant Physiol 76:691-693.
93. 2+ during the early phases of radish (Raphanus sativas) seed germination. Environ Exp Bot 38(2):187-197.
94. Ewais EA (1997) Effects of cadmium, nickel and lead on growth, chlorophyll content and proteins of weeds. Biol Plant 39:403-410.
95. Fismes J, Echevarria G, Leclerc-Cessac E, Morel JL (2005) Uptake and transport of radioactive nickel and cadmium into three vegetables after wet aerial contamination. J Environ Qual 34:1497-1507.
96. Foy CD, Chaney RL, White MC (1978) The physiology of metal toxicity in plants. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 29:511-566.
97. Freeman JL, Persans MW, Nieman K, Albrecht C, Peer W, Pickering IJ (2004) Increased glutathione biosynthesis plays a role in nickel tolerance in Thlaspi nickel hyperaccumulators. Plant Cell 16:2176-2191.
98. Friedrich CG, Schneider K, Friedrich B (1982) Nickel in the catalytically active hydrogenase of Alcaligenes eutrophus. J Bacteriol 152:42-48.
99. 2+ toxicity. J Plant Physiol 155:639-645.
100. Gabbrielli R, Pandolfini T, Vergnano O, Palandri MR (1990) Comparison of two serpentine species with different nickel tolerance strategies. Plant Soil 122:271-277.
101. Gajewska E, Skłodowska M (2005) Antioxidative responses and proline level in leaves and roots of pea plants subjected to nickel stress. Acta Physiol Plant 27:329-339.
102. Gajewska E, Skłodowska M (2007) Effect of nickel on ROS content and antioxidative enzyme activities in wheat leaves. BioMetals 20:27-36.
103. Gajewska E, Skłodowska M (2008) Differential biochemical responses of wheat shoots and roots to nickel stress: Antioxidative reactions and proline accumulation. Plant Growth Regul 54:179-188.
104. Gajewska E, Skłodowska M, Słaba M, Mazur J (2006) Effect of nickel on antioxidative enzyme activities, proline and chlorophyll contents in wheat shoots. Biol Plant 50(4):653-659.
105. Galloway JN, Thornton JD, Norton SA, Volchok HL, McClean HL (1982) Trace metals in atmospheric deposition: A review and assessment. Atmo Environ 16:1677-1700.
106. Gaspar T, Penel C, Hagege D, Greppin H. 1991 Peroxidases in plant growth, differentiation, and development processes. In: Lobarzewski J, Greppin H, Penel C, Gaspar T (eds) Biochemical, Molecular and Physiological Aspects of Plant Peroxidases. Lublin, Poland: University M. Curie-Skłodowska, pp. 249-280.
107. Genrich I, Burd GI, Dixon DG, Glick BR (1998) A plant growth-promoting bacterium that decreases nickel toxicity in seedlings. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:3663-3668.
108. Gerendás J, Polacco JC, Freyermuth SK, Sattelmacher B (1999) Significance of nickel for plant growth and metabolism. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci 162:241-256.
109. 3) and Ni supply for growth, urease activity and nitrogen metabolism of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo convar. giromontiina). Plant Soil 196:217-222.
110. Gerendás J, Sattelmacher B (1997b): Significance of Ni supply for growth, urease activity and the contents of urea, amino acids and mineral nutrients of urea-grown plants. Plant Soil 190:153-162.
111. 3 or urea as N source. Ann Bot 83:65-71.
112. Gerendás J, Zhu Z, Sattelmacher B (1998) Influence of N and Ni supply on nitrogen metabolism and urease activity in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Exp Bot 49:1545-1554.
113. Ghorbanli ML, Hoseiny RH, Shirdam RB, Khani SH (2006) The effect of nickel on seed germination proline metabolism, catalase and peroxides activity in Brassica napus L. J Environ Sci Technol 27:36-48.
114. Gomes-Filho E, Lima C R F M, Eneas-Filho J, Gondim LA, Prisco JT (1999) Purification and properties of a ribonuclease from cowpea cotyledons. Biol Plant 42:525-532.
115. Gonçalves SC, Portugal A, Gonçalves MT, Vieira R, Martins-Loução MA, Freitas H (2007) Genetic diversity and differential in vitro responses to Ni in Cenococcum geophilum isolates from serpentine soils in Portugal. Mycorrhiza, 17:677-686.
116. Gordon WR, Schwemmer SS, Hillman WS (1978) Nickel and the metabolism of urea by Lemna paucicostata Hegelm. Planta 140:265-268.
117. Graham RD, Welch RM, Walker CD (1985) A role of nickel in the resistance of plants to rust. Austr Agron Soc Proc 159.
118. Grahame DA, Stadtman TC (1987) Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from Methanosarcina barkeri. Disaggregation, purification, and physicochemical properties of the enzyme. J Biol Chem 262:3706-3712.
119. Gray CW, McLaren RG (2006) Soil factors affecting heavy metal solubility in some New Zealand soils. Water Air Soil Poll 175:3-14.
120. Hall JL (2002) Cellular mechanisms for heavy metal detoxification and tolerance, J Exp Bot 53:1-11.
121. Hammel KE, Cornwell KL, Diekert GB, Thauer RK (1984) Evidence for a nickel-containing carbon monoxide dehydrogenase in Methanobrevibacter arboriphilicus. J Bacteriol 157:975-978.
122. Harmens H, Hartog PR, ten Bookum WM, Verkleij J A C (1993) Increased zinc tolerance in Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke is not due to increased production of phytochelatins. Plant Physiol 103:1305-1309.
123. Hasinur R, Shamima S, Shah A, Shigenao KW (2005) Effects of nickel on growth and composition of metal micronutrients in barley plants grown in nutrient solution. J Plant Nutr 28:393-404.
124. Hausinger RP (1997) Metallocenter assembly in nickel-containing enzymes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2:279-286.
125. Haydon MJ, Cobbett CS. 2007. Transporters of ligands for essential metal ions in plants. New Phytol 174:499-506.
126. He MM, Clugston SL, Honek JF, Matthews BW (2000) Determination of the structure of Escherichia coli glyoxylase I suggests a structural basis for differential metal activation. Biochemistry 39:8719-8727.
127. He ZL, Yang XE, Stoffella PJ (2005) Trace elements in agroecosystems and impacts on the environment. J Med Biol 19:125-140.
128. Heale EL, Ormrod DP (1982) Effects of nickel and copper on Acer rubrum, Cornus stolonifers, Lonicera tatarica, and Pinus resinosa. Can J Bot 60:2674-2681.
129. Heath SM, Southworth D, D'Allura JA (1997) Localization of nickel in epidermal subsidiary cells of leaves of Thlaspi montanum var. Siskiyouense (Brassicaceae) using energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Int J Plant Sci 158:184-188.
130. Hedfi A, Mahmoudi E, Boufahja F, Beyrem H, Aissa P (2007) Effects of increasing levels of nickel contamination on structure of offshore nematode communities in experimental microcosms. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 79:345-349.
131. Hermle S, Vollenweider P, Günthardt-Goerg MS, McQuattie CJ, Matyssek R (2007) Leaf responsiveness of Populus tremula and Salix viminalis to soil contaminated with heavy metals and acidic rainwater. Tree Physiol 27:1517-1531.
132. Hilgenkamp K (2005) Environmental Health: Ecological Perspectives. Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
133. Homer FA, Reeves RD, Brooks RR (1997) The possible involvement of amino acids in nickel chelation in some nickel-accumulating plants. Curr Top Phytochem 14:31-33.
134. Horak O (1985) The importance of nickel in Fabaceae II. Uptake and requirement of nickel by Pisum sativum. Phyton (Horn) 25:301-307.
135. Hostýnek JJ, Maibach HI (2002) Nickel and the Skin: Absorption, Immunology, Epidemiology, and Metallurgy. Informa Health Care Publishers.
136. Houlam C, Fares K (2001) Effect of salinity on seed germination and early seedling growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Seed Sci Technol 29(2):357-364.
137. Howlett NG, Avery SV (1997) Induction of lipid peroxidation during heavy metal stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and influence of plasma membrane fatty acid unsaturation. Appl Environ Microbiol 63(8):2971-2976.
138. Ishii M, Takishita S, Iwasaki T, Peerapornpisal Y, Yoshino J, Kodama T, Igarashi Y (2000) Purification and characterization of membrane-bound hydrogenase from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus strain TK-6, an obligately autotrophic, thermophilic, hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 64:492-502.
139. Jagetiya BL, Aery NI (1998) Effect of different nickel salts on germination in moong. Environ Develop 189-192.
140. Jarup L (2003) Hazards of heavy metal contamination. British Med. Bull 68:167-182.
141. Jaun B, Thauer RK (2007) Methyl-coenzyme M reductase and its nickel corphin coenzyme F430 in methanogenic archaea. In: Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel RKO (eds) Nickel and its Surprising Impact in Nature. John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, England. pp 323-356.
142. Jean L, Bordas F, Gautier-Moussard C, Vernay P, Hitmi A, Bollinger JC (2008) Effect of citric acid and EDTA on chromium and nickel uptake and translocation by Datura innoxia. Environ Pollut 153:555-563.
143. Jetten MS, Hagen WR, Pierik AJ, Stams AJ, Zehnder AJ (1991) Paramagnetic centers and acetylcoenzyme A/CO exchange activity of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from Methanothrix soehngenii. Eur J Biochem 195:385-391.
144. Jetten M S M, Stams A J M, Zehnder A J B (1989) Purifcation and characterization of an oxygen-stable carbon monoxide dehydrogenase of Methanothrix soehngenii. Eur J Biochem 181:437-441.
145. Kanth BK, Oh TJ, Sohng JK (2010) Identification of two superoxide dismutases (FeSOD and NiSOD) from Streptomyces peucetius ATCC 27952. Biotechnol Bioprocess Engineer 15:785-792.
146. Karaca A (2004) Effect of organic wastes on the extractability of cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc in soil. Geoderma 122(2-4):297-303.
147. Kastori R, Petrovi M, Petrovi N (1992) Effect of excess lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc on water relations in sunflower. J Plant Nutr 15:2427-2439.
148. Keeling SM, Stewart RB, Anderson C W N, Robinson BH (2003) Nickel and cobalt phytoextraction by the hyperaccumulator Berkheya coddii implications for polymetallic phytomining and phytoremediation. Int J Phytoremed 5:235-244.
149. Kerkeb L, Krämer U (2003) The role of free histidine in xylem loading of nickel in Alyssum lesbiacum and Brassica juncea. Plant Physiol 131:716-724.
150. Kevresan S, Petrovic N, Popovic M, Kandrac J (1998) Effect of heavy metals on nitrate and protein metabolism in sugar beet. Biol Plan 41:235-240.
151. Khalid B Y, Tinsley J (1980) Some effects of nickel toxicity on ryegrass. Plant Soil 55:139-144.
152. Kim EJ, Kim HP, Hah YC, Roe JH (1996) Differential expression of superoxide dismutases containing Ni and Fe/Zn in Streptomyces Coelicolor. Eur J Biochem 241:178-185.
153. Kim S, Takahashi M, Higuchi K, Tsunoda K, Nakanishi H, Yoshimura E, Mori S, Nishizawa NK (2005) Increased nicotianamine biosynthesis confers enhanced tolerance of high levels of metals, in particular nickel, to plants. Plant Cell Physiol 46:1809-1818.
154. Kirchgessner M, Schnegg A (1979) Activity of proteases, leucine arylamidase and alpha-amylase in pancreatic tissue during nickel deficiency. Nutr Metab 23(1):62-4.
155. Kirkby EA, Römheld V (2004) Micronutrients in plant physiology: Functions, uptake and mobility. Proceedings No. 543, International Fertiliser Society, York, UK. 1-51.
156. Klucas RV, Hanus FJ, Russel SA, Evans HJ (1983) Nickel: A micronutrient element for hydrogendependent growth of Rhizobium japonicum and for expression of urease activity in soybean leaves. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:2253-2257.
157. Kochian LV (1991) Mechanisms of micronutrient uptake and translocation in plants, In: Mortvedt JJ (eds), Micronutrients in Agriculture, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, pp. 251-270.
158. 2+. Environ Chem 5:426-434.
159. 2+ on growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Plant Soil 292(2):283-289.
160. 2+ by excised barley roots. Physiol Plant 71:49-54.
161. Kovacevi G, Kastori R, Merkulov LJ (1999) Dry matter and leaf structure in young wheat plants as affected by cadmium, lead, and nickel. Biol Plant 42:119-123.
162. Kowalczyk J, Borkowska-Burnecka J, Cieslak K (2003) Heavy metals accumulation in greenhouse tomatoes. Acta Hort 613:57-60.
163. Kramer PJ, Boyer JS (1995) Water Relations of Plants and Soils. Academic Press, Inc.
164. Krämer U, Cotter-Howells JD, Charnock JM, Baker A J M, Smith J A C (1996) Free histidine as a metal chelator in plants that accumulate nickel. Nature 379:635-638.
165. Kravkina IM (2000) The chloroplast structure in leaf chlorenchyma cells of Dianthus repens (Caryophyllaceae) in response to high concentrations of soil nickel. Botanicheskii Zhurnal 85:83-85.
166. Krupa Z, Baszynski T (1995) Some aspects of heavy metals toxicity towards photosynthetic apparatus - direct and indirect effects on light and dark reactions. Acta Physiol Plant 17:177-190.
167. Krupa Z, Siedleka A, Maksymiec W, Baszynski T (1993) In vivo response of photosynthetic apparatus of Phaseolus vulgaris L. to nickel toxicity. J Plant Physiol 142:664-668.
168. Krzycki JA, Mortenson LE, Prince RC (1989) Paramagnetic centers of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from aceticlastic Methanosarcina barkeri. J Biol Chem 264:7217-7221.
169. Krzycki JA, Zeikus JG (1984) Characterization and purification of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from Methanosarcina barkeri. J Bacteriol 158:231-237.
170. Kukkola E, Rautio P, Huttunen S (2000) Stress indications in copper-and nickel-exposed Scots pine seedlings. Environ Exp Bot 43:197-210.
171. Küpper H, Kroneck P M H (2007) Nickel in the environment and its role in the metabolism of plants and cyanobacteria, In: Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel RKO (eds), Metal Ions in Life Sciences, Wiley, Chichester. pp: 31-62.
172. Küpper H, Küpper F, Spiller M (1996) Environmental relevance of heavy metal-substituted chlorophylls using the example of water plants. J Exp Bot 47:259-266.
173. Küpper H, Lombi E, Zhao FJ, Wieshammer G, McGrath SP (2001) Cellular compartmentation of nickel in the hyperaccumulators Alyssum lesbiacum, Alyssum bertolonii and Thlaspi goesingense. J Exp Bot 52:2291-2300.
174. Lavado RS (2006) Effects of sewage-sludge application on soils and sunflower yield: Quality and toxic element accumulation. J Plant Nutr 29:975-984.
175. Lee IS, Kim OK, Chang YY, Bae B, Kim HH, Baek KH (2002a) Heavy metal concentrations and enzyme activities in soil from a contaminated Korean shooting range. J Biosci Bioeng 94(5):406-11.
176. Lee JW, Roe JH, Kang SO (2002b) Nickel-containing superoxide dismutase. Meth Enzymol 349:90-101.
177. Leon V, Rabier J, Notonier R, Barthelemy R, Moreau X, Bouraima-Madjebi S, Viano J, Pineau R (2005) Effects of three nickel salts on germinating seeds of Grevillea exul var. rubiginosa, an endemic serpentine proteaceae. Ann Bot 95:609-618.
178. Lewinsky AA (2007) Hazardous Materials and Wastewater: Treatment, Removal and Analysis. Nova Publishers.
179. Li W, Khan MA, Yamaguchi S, Kamiya Y (2002) Effects of heavy metals on seed germination and early seedling growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Grow Regul 46:45-50.
180. Lin T, He X, Yang L, Shou H, Wu P (2005) Identification and characterization of a novel waterdefcit-suppressed gene OsARD encoding an aci-reductone-dioxygenase-like protein in rice. Gene 360:27-34.
181. Lin YC, Kao CH (2006) Effect of excess nickel on starch mobilization in germinating rice grains. J Plant Nutr 29:1405-1412.
182. Lin YC, Kao CH (2007) Proline accumulation induced by excess nickel in detached rice leaves. Biol Plant 51:351-354.
183. Lindahl PA, Graham DE (2007) Acetyl-Coenzyme a synthases and nickel-containing carbon monoxide dehydrogenases. In: Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel RKO (eds) Nickel and its Surprising Impact in Nature. John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, England. pp 357-416.
184. Lindberg S, Greger M (2002) Plant genotypic differences under metal deficient and enriched conditions. In: Prasad MNV, Kazimierz S (eds), Physiology and Biochemistry of Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 357-393.
185. Liu D, Jiang W, Wang W, Zhai L (1995) Evaluation of metal ion toxicity on root tip cells by the Allium test. Israel J Plant Sci 43:125-133.
186. Liu WX (2008) Accumulation and translocation of toxic heavy metals in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growing in agricultural soil of Zhengzhou, China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 82:343-347.
187. 2+ toxicity in rice: Effect on membrane functionality and plant water content, Plant Physiol Biochem 46:905-910.
188. Long ER, MacDonald DD, Smith SL, Calder FD (1995) Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentrations in marine and estuarine sediments. Environ Manag 19:81-97.
189. Lubitz W, Gastel M V, Gärtner W (2007) Nickel iron Hydrogenases. In: Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel RKO (eds) Nickel and its Surprising Impact in Nature. John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, England. pp 279-322.
190. Mackay EM, Pateman JA (1980) Nickel requirement of a urease-deficient mutant in Aspergillus nidulans. J Gen Microbiol 116:249-251.
191. MacNicol RD, Beckett P H T (1985) Critical tissue concentrations of potentially toxic elements. Plant Soil 85:107-129.
192. Maheshwari R, Dubey R (2008) Inhibition of ribonuclease and protease activities in germinating rice seeds exposed to nickel. Acta Physiol Plant 30(6):863-872.
193. Maheshwari R, Dubey RS (2007) Nickel toxicity inhibits ribonuclease and protease activities in rice seedlings: Protective effects of proline. Plant Grow Regul 51:231-243.
194. Maheshwari R, Dubey RS (2009) Nickel-induced oxidative stress and the role of antioxidant defence in rice seedlings. Plant Grow Regul 59:37-49.
195. Mahlert F, Bauer C, Jaun B, Thauer RK, Duin EC (2002) The nickel enzyme methyl-coenzyme M reductase from methanogenic archaea: In vitro induction of the nickel-based MCR-ox EPR signals from MCR-red2. J Biol Inorg Chem 7:500-513.
196. Maier RJ, Benoit SL, Seshadri S (2007) Nickel-binding and accessory proteins facilitating Ni-enzyme maturation in Helicobacter pylori. Biometals 20:655-664.
197. Maier T, Jacobi A, Sauter M, Bock A (1993) The product of the hypB gene, which is required for nickel incorporation into hydrogenases, is a novel guanine nucleotide protein. J Bacteriol 175:630-635.
198. Malkin R, Niyogi K (2000) Photosynthesis. In Buchanan BB, Gruissem W, Jones RL (eds), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants. American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville, MD, Pp 568-628.
199. Marschner H (1995) Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, 2nd Ed. Academic Press, London. pp: 889.
200. Matraszek R, Szymanska M, Wroblewska M (2002) Effect of nickel on yielding and mineral composition of the selected vegetables. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum - Technica Agraria 1:3-22.
201. Matysik J, Alia, Bhalu B, Mohanty P (2002) Molecular mechanisms of quenching of reactive oxygen species by proline under stress in plants. Curr Sci 82:525-532.
202. Mayer AM, Poljakoff-Mayber A (1975) The Germination of Seeds. New York: Pergamon Press.
203. McIlveen WD, Negusanti JJ (1994) Nickel in the terrestrial environment. Sci Total Environ 148:109-138.
204. Mehta N, Olson JW, Maier RJ (2003) Characterization of Helicobacter pylori nickel metabolism accessory proteins needed for maturation of both urease and hydrogenase. J. Bacteriol. 185:726-734.
205. Mehta SK, Gaur JP (1999) Heavy-metal-induced proline accumulation and its role in ameliorating metal toxicity in Chlorella vulgaris. New Phytol 143:253-259.
206. Menon M S H, Abbaspour KC, Gunthardt-Goerg MS, Oswald SE, Schulin R (2005) Water regime of metal-contaminated soil under juvenile forest vegetation. Plant Soil 271:227-241.
207. Mishra D, Kar M (1974) Nickel in plant growth and metabolism. Bot Rev 40:395-452.
208. Misra SG, Pande P (1974) Effect of organic matter on availability of nickel. Plant Soil 40:679-684.
209. Mizuno N, Nosaka S, Mizuno T, Horie K, Obata H (2003) Distribution of Ni and Zn in the leaves of Thlaspi japonicum growing on ultramafic soil. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 49:93-97.
210. Mohanty N, Vaas I, Demeter S (1989) Impairment of photosystem II: Activity at the level of secondary quinone electron acceptor in chloroplasts treated with cobalt, nickel and zinc ions. Physiol Plant 76:386-390.
211. Molas J (1997) Changes in morphological and anatomical structure of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) outer leaves and in ultrastructure of their chloroplasts caused by an in vitro excess of nickel. Photosynthetica 34:513-522.
212. Molas J (2002) Changes of chloroplast ultrastructure and total chlorophyll concentration in cabbage leaves caused by excess of organic Ni (II) complexes. Environ Exp Bot 47:115-126.
213. Montarges-Pelletier E, Chardot V, Echevarria G, Michot LJ, Bauer A, Morel JL (2008) Identification of nickel chelators in three hyperaccumulating plants: An X-ray spectroscopic study. Phytochemistry 69:1695-1709.
214. Moraes MF, Reis AR, Moraes L A C, Lavres-Junior J, Vivian R, Cabral CP, Malavolta E (2009) Effects of molybdenum, nickel, and nitrogen sources on the mineral nutrition and growth of rice plant. Commun Soil Sci Plant Analy 40:3238-3251.
215. Morton TA, Runquist JA, Ragsdale SW, Shanmugasundaram T, Wood HG and Ljungdahl LG (1991) The primary structure of the subunits of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthase from Clostridium thermoaceticum. J Biol Chem 266:23824-23828.
216. Mott JJ (1974) Factors affecting seed germination in three annual species from an arid region of western australia. J Ecol 62:699-709.
217. Moya JL (1995) Heavy metal-hormone interactions in rice plants: Effects on growth, net photosynthesis, and carbohydrate distribution. J Plant Grow Regul 14:61-67.
218. Mulrooney SB, Hausinger RP (2003) Nickel uptake and utilization by microorganisms, FEMS Microbiol Rev 27:239-261.
219. Munzuroglu O, Geckil H (2002) Effects of metals on seed germination, root elongation, and coleoptile and hypocotyl Growth in Triticum aestivum and Cucumis sativus. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 43:203-213.
220. Murch SJ, Haq K, Rupasinghe H P V, Saxena PK (2003) Nickel contamination affects growth and secondary metabolite composition of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.). Environ Exp Bot 49:251-257.
221. Muyssen B T A, Brix KV, DeForest DK, Janssen CR (2004) Nickel essentiality and homeostasis in aquatic organisms. Environ Rev 12:113-131.
222. Nakazawa R, Kameda Y, Ito T, Ogita Y, Michihata R, Takenaga H (2004) Selection and characterization of nickel-tolerant tobacco cells. Biol Plant 48:497-502.
223. National Pollutant Inventory (1999) Technical Advisory Panel Report. Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, GPO Box 787, Parkes ACT 2600, Australia.
224. Nedhi A, Singh LJ, Singh SI (1990) Effect of cadmium and nickel on germination, early seedling growth and photosynthesis of wheat and pigeon pea. Ind J Trop Agri 8:141-147.
225. Neumann PM, Chamel A (1986) Comparative phloem mobility of nickel in nonsenescent plants. Plant Physiol 81:689-691.
226. Nielsen, F. H. 1993. Ultratrace Minerals. Chap. 15. pp. 269-286. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC (eds) Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 8th Ed. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
227. Nieminen T, Helmisaari HS (1996) Nutrient retranslocation in the foliage of Pinus sylvestris L. growing along a heavy metal pollution gradient. Tree Physiol 16:825-831.
228. Noctor G, Foyer CH (1998) Ascorbate and glutathione: Keeping active oxygen under control. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 49:249-279.
229. Nriagu JO (1989) A global assessment of natural sources of atmospheric trace metals. Nature 338:47-49.
230. Nriagu JO, Pacyna JF (1988) Quantitative assessment of worldwide contamination of air, water, and soils by trace metals. Nature 333:134-139.
231. Ogata H, Mizoguchi Y, Mizuno N, Miki K, Adachi SI, Yasuoka N, Yagi T, Yamauchi O, Hirota S, Higuchi Y (2002) Structural studies of the carbon monoxide complex of [NiFe] hydrogenase from Desulfovibrio vulgaris Miyazaki F: Suggestion for the initial activation site for dihydrogen. J Am Chem Soc 124:11628-11635.
232. Oller AR, Costa M, Oberdörster G (1997) Carcinogenicity assessment of selected nickel compounds. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 143:152-166.
233. Olson JW, Fu C, Maier RJ (1997) The hypB protein from Bradyrhizobium japonicum can store nickel and is required for the nickel-dependent transcriptional regulation of hydrogenase. Mol Microbiol 24:119-128.
234. Olson JW, Mehta NS, Maier RJ (2001) Requirement of nickel metabolism proteins HypA and HypB for full activity of both hydrogenase and urease in Helicobacter pylori. Mol Microbiol 39:176-182.
235. Page V, Feller U (2005) Selective transport of zinc, manganese, nickel, cobalt and cadmium in the root system and transfer to the leaves in young wheat plants. Ann Bot 96:425-434.
236. Page V, Weisskopf L, Feller U (2006) Heavy metals in white Lupin: Uptake, root-to-shoot transfer and redistribution within the plant. New Phytol 171:329-341.
237. Palacios G, Gomez I, Carbonell-Barrachina A, Pedreno JN, Mataix J (1998) Effect of nickel concentration on tomato plant nutrition and dry matter yield. J. Plant Nutr 21:2179-2191.
238. Paleg LG, Stewart GR, Bradbeer JW (1984) Proline and glycine betaine influence protein solvation. Plant Physiol 75:974-78.
239. Palma JM, Sandalio LM, Corpas FJ, Romero-Puertas MC, McCarthy I, del Rio LA (2002) Plant protease, protein degradation, and oxidative stress: Role of peroxisomes. Plant Physiol Biochem 40:521-530.
240. 2+ on growth and metabolism of cabbage. Plant Sci 163:753-758.
241. Pandolfini T, Gabbrielli R, Comparini C (1992) Nickel toxicity and peroxidase activity in seedlings of Triticum aestivum L. Plant Cell Environ 15:719-725.
242. Papazogloua EG, Serelisb KG, Bouranisc DL (2007) Impact of high cadmium and nickel soil concentration on selected physiological parameters of Arundo donax L. European J Soil Biol 43:207-215.
243. Patterson W, Olson JJ (1983) Effects of heavy metals on radicle growth of selected woody species germinated on filter paper, mineral and organic soil substrates. Canadian J Forest Res 13:233-238.
244. Pena LB, Tomaro ML, Gallego SM (2006) Effect of different metals on protease activity in sunflower cotyledons, Electron J Biotechnol. 9:258-262.
245. Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL, Gomez E, Tiemann KJ, Parsons JG, Carrillo G (2002) Effect of mixed cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc at different pHs upon alfalfa growth and heavy metal uptake. Environ Pollut 119:291-301.
246. Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL, Tiemann KJ, Gomez E, Arteaga S, Rascon E, Parsons JG (2001) Uptake and effects of five heavy metals on seed germination and plant growth in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 66:727-734.
247. Pérezurria E, Legaza ME, Vicente C (1986) The function of nickel on the urease activity of the lichen Evernia prunastri. Plant Sci 43:37-43.
248. Pianelli K, Mari S, Marques L, Lebrun M, Czernic P (2005) Nicotianamine over-accumulation confers resistance to nickel in Arabidopsis thaliana. Transgen Res 14:739-748.
249. Piccini DF, Malavolta E (1992) Effect of nickel on two common bean cultivars. J Plant Nutr 15:2343-2350.
250. Pochapsky TC, Ju T, Dang M, Beaulieu R, Pagani GM, Ouyang B (2007) Nickel in acireductone dioxygenase in nickel and its surprising impact in nature. In: Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel RKO (eds) Nickel and its Surprising Impact in Nature. John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, England. pp 473-500.
251. Pochapsky TC, Pochapsky SS, Ju T, Mo H, Al-Mjeni F, Maroney MJ (2002) Modeling and experiment yields the structure of acireductone dioxygenase from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Nat Struct Biol 9:966-972.
252. Polacco JC (1976) Nitrogen metabolism in soybean tissue culture: I. Assimilation of urea. Plant Physiol 58(3):350-357.
253. 2+. Plant Physiol 59(5):827-830.
254. Polacco JC, Havir EA (1979) Comparisons of soybean urease isolated from seed and tissue culture. J Biol Chem 254(5):1707-1715.
255. Polacco JC, Sparks RB (1982) Patterns of urease synthesis in developing soybeans. Plant Physiol 70(1):189-194.
256. Polacco JC, Thomas AL, Bledsoe PJ (1982) A soybean seed urease-null produces urease in cell culture. Plant Physiol 69(5):1233-1240.
257. Polacco JC, Winkler RG (1984) Soybean leaf urease: A seed enzyme?. Plant Physiol 74(4):800-803.
258. Ragsdale S (2002) Nickel containing CO dehydrogenases and hydrogenases. Subcell Biochem 35:487-518.
259. Ragsdale SW (1998) Nickel biochemistry, Curr Opin Chem Biol 2:208-215.
260. Ragsdale SW (2003) Biochemistry of methyl-CoM reductase and coenzyme F430. In: Kadish KM, Smith KM, Guilard R (eds) The Porphyrin Handbook. Academic Press, New York. pp 205-228.
261. Ragsdale SW (2009) Nickel-based enzyme systems. J Biol Chem 284:18571-18575.
262. Ragsdale SW, Clark JE, Ljungdahl LG, Lundie LL, Drake HL (1983a) Properties of purified carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from Clostridium thermoaceticum, a nickel, iron-sulfur protein. J Biol Chem 258:2364-2369.
263. Ragsdale SW, Ljungdahl LG, DerVartanian DV (1983b) Isolation of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from Acetobacterium woodii and comparison of its properties with those of the Clostridium thermoaceticum enzyme. J Bacteriol 155:1224-1237.
264. Ragsdale SW, Wood HG, Antholine WE (1985) Evidence that an iron-nickel-carbon complex is formed by reaction of CO with the CO dehydrogenase from Clostridium thermoaceticum. PNAS: 82:6811-6814.
265. Rahman H, Sabreen S, Alam S, Kawai S (2005) Effects of nickel on growth and composition of metal micronutrients in barley plants grown in nutrient solution. J Plant Nutr 28:393-404.
266. Randhawa VK, Fengzhen Z, Xiaolei J, Nalewajko C, Kushner DJ (2001) Role of oxidative stress and thiol antioxidant enzymes in nickel toxicity and resistance in strains of the green alga Scenedesmus acutus f. alternans, Can J Microbiol 47:987-993.
267. Ranieri A, Castagna A, Pacini J, Baldan B, Sodi AM, Soldatini GF (2003) Early production and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide in the apoplast of sunflowers plants exposed to ozone. J Exp Bot 54:2529-2540.
268. Rao K V M, Sresty T V S (2000) Antioxidative parameters in the seedlings of pigeon pea (Cajnus cajan (L.) Millspaugh) in response to Zn and Ni stresses. Plant Sci 157:113-128.
269. Rauser WE, Dumbroff EB (1981) Effects of excess cobalt, nickel and zinc on the water relations of Phaseolus vulgaris. Environ Exp Bot 21:249-255.
270. Rauta C, Ionescu A, Lacatusu R (1995) Studies on the translocation of nickel in maize and soyabean plants grown in polluted soils. Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 28:15-22.
271. Rautaray SK, Ghosh BC, Mittra BN (2003) Effect of fly ash, organic wastes and chemical fertilizers on yield, nutrient uptake, heavy metal content and residual fertility in a rice-mustard cropping sequence under acid lateritic soils. Bioresour Technol 90(3):275-283.
272. Reddy KJ (2006) Physiology and Molecular Biology of Stress Tolerance in Plants. In: Nutrient Stress. Springer, The Netherlands. Pp: 187-217..
273. Rees T A V, Bekheet IA (1982) The role of nickel in urea assimilation by algae. Planta 156:385-387.
274. Reeves RD, Baker A J M, Bgrhidi A, Berazaín R (1996) Nickel-accumulating plants from the ancient serpentine soils of Cuba. New Phytol 133:217-224.
275. Reilly CC, Wood BW, Bai C (2006) Beneficial effects of nickel in pecan production. Pecan Grower 17:26-27.
276. Riesen O, Feller U (2005) Redistribution of nickel, cobalt, manganese, zinc and cadmium via the phloem in young and in maturing wheat. J Plant Nutr 28:421-430.
277. Roach WA, Barclay C (1946) Nickel and multiple trace-element deficiencies in agricultural crops. Nature 157:696.
278. Robertson AI, Meakin M E R (1980) The effect of nickel on cell division and growth of Brachystegia spiciformis seedlings. J Bot Zimbabwe 12:115-125.
279. Rodrigues R, Valente FM, Pereira IA, Oliveira S, Rodrigues-Pousada C (2003) A novel membrane-bound Ech [NiFe] hydrogenase in Desulfovibrio gigas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 306:366-375.
280. 2+-ATPase activity and fluidity of plasma membranes from rice, Oryza sativa (cv. Bahia) shoots. J Exp Bot 41:457-462.
281. 2 in the extreme thermophile Methanopyrus kandleri. Arch Microbiol 156:49-55.
282. Rubio MI, Escrig I, Martinez-Cortina C, Lopez-Benet FJ, Sanz A (1994) Cadmium and nickel accumulation in rice plants. Effects on mineral nutrition and possible interactions of abscisic and gibberellic acids. Plant Grow Reg 14:151-157.
283. Sabir M, Ghafoor A, Saifullah, Rehman M Z U, Ahmad HR, Aziz T (2011) Growth and metal ionic composition of Zea mays as affected by nickel supplementation in the nutrient solution. Int J Agric Biol 13:186-190.
284. Sakamoto T, Bryant DA (2001) Requirement of nickel as an essential micronutrient for the utilization of urea in the marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. Microb Environ 16:177-184.
285. Sauter M, Lorbiecke R, Ouyang B, Pochapsky TC, Rzewuski G (2005) The immediate-early ethylene response gene OsARD1 encodes an acireductone dioxygenase involved in recycling of the ethylene precursor S- adenosylmethionine. Plant J 44:718-29.
286. Schmidt A, Schmidt A, Haferburg G, Kothe E (2007) Superoxide dismutases of heavy metal resistant streptomycetes. J Basic Microbiol 47:56-62.
287. Schor-Fumbarov T, Goldsbrough PB, Adam Z, Tel-Or E (2005) Characterization and expression of a metallothionein gene in the aquatic fern Azolla filiculoides under heavy metal stress. Planta 223:69-76.
288. Seravalli J, Xiao Y, Gu W, Cramer SP, Antholine WE, Krymov V, Gerfen GJ, Ragsdale SW (2004) Evidence that Ni-Ni Acetyl-CoA synthase is active and that the Cu-Ni enzyme is not. Biochemistry 43:3944-3955.
289. Seregin IV, Kozhevnikova AD (2005) Distribution of cadmium, lead, nickel, and strontium in imbibing maize caryopses. Russian J Plant Physiol 52:565-569.
290. Seregin I V, Kozhevnikova AD (2006) Physiological role of nickel and its toxic effects on higher plants. Russian J Plant Physiol 53:257-277.
291. Seregin I V, Kozhevnikova AD, Kazyumina EM, Ivanov VB (2003) Nickel toxicity and distribution in maize roots, Fiziol Rast 50:793-800.
292. Setia RC, Bala R (1994) Anatomical changes in root and stem of wheat (Triticum aestivwn L.) in response to different heavy metals. Phytomorph 44:95-104.
293. Sharma CP, Sharma PN (1987) Mineral nutrient deficiencies affect plant water relations. J Plant Nutr 10:9-16.
294. Sharma P, Dubey RS (2007) Involvement of oxidative stress and role of antioxidative defense system in growing rice seedlings exposed to toxic concentrations of aluminum. Plant Cell Rep 26:2027-2038.
295. Sharma PD (2005) Environmental Biology and Toxicology. Rastogi Publications.
296. Sharma SS, Dietz KJ (2006) The significance of amino acids and amino acid-derived molecules in plant responses and adaptation to heavy metal stress. J Exp Bot 57:711-726.
297. Sheoran IS, Singal HR, Singh R (1990) Effect of cadmium and nickel on photosynthesis and the enzymes of the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.). Photosynth Res 23:345-351.
298. Shi GR, Cai QS (2008) Photosynthetic and anatomic responses of peanut leaves to cadmium stress. Photosynthetica 46(4):627-630.
299. Shimada N, Ando T, Tomiyama M, Kaku H (1980) Role of nickel in plant nutrition. Effects of nickel on the growth of tomato and soybean. Japanese J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 51:493-496.
300. Shukla R, Gopal R (2009) Excess nickel alters growth, metabolism, and translocation of certain nutrients in potato. J Plant Nutr 32:1005-1014.
301. Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel R K O (2005) Biogeochemistry, Availability, and Transport of Metals in the Environment. Informa Health Care Publishers.
302. Sigel H, Sigel A (1994) Handbook on Metals in Clinical and Analytical Chemistry. CRC Press.
303. 2+ on growth, oxygen evolution and photosynthetic electron transport in Cylindrospermum IU 942, J Plant Physiol 134:406-412.
304. Singh P, Nayyar K (2001) Influence of lime on nickel availability to plants and its toxic level in cowpea. J Res Punjab Agri Univ 38:10-13.
305. Singh S, Saxena R, Pandey K, Bhatt K, Sinha S (2004) Response of antioxidants in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown on different amendments of tannery sludge: Its metal accumulation potential. Chemosphere 57:1663-1673.
306. Singh SH (1984) Effects of nickel on germination and growth, total nitrogen and phosphate levels of Cicer arietinum seedlings. Trop Ecol 25:90-94.
307. Smirnoff N, Stewart GR (1987) Nitrogen assimilation and zinc toxicity to zinc-tolerant and nontolerant clones of Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) Beauv. New Phytol 107:671-680.
308. Smith RM, Martell AE (1989) Stability Constants, Vol. 6: Second Supplement, Plenum Press, New York.
309. Smith SL, MacDonald DD, Keenleyside KA, Ingersoll CG, Field LJ (1996) A preliminary evaluation of sediment quality assessment values for freshwater ecosystems. J Great Lakes Res 22:624-638.
310. Smith SR (1994) Effect of soil pH on availability to crops of metals in sewage sludge-treated soils I: Nickel, copper, and zinc uptake and toxicity to ryegrass. Environ Poll 85:321-327.
311. Soom C, Rumjanek N, Vanderleyden J, Neves M C P (1993) Hydrogenase in Bradyrhizobium japonicum: Genetics, regulation and effect on plant growth. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 9:615-624.
312. Spears JW, Smith CJ, Hatfield EE (1977) Rumen bacterial urease requirement for nickel. J Dairy Sci 60:1073-1076.
313. Sresty T V S, Rao K V M (1999) Ultrastructural alterations in response to zinc and nickel stress in the root cells of pigeon pea. Environ Exp Bot 41:3-13.
314. Steffens JC (1990) The heavy metal-binding peptides of plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 41:553-575.
315. Stixrude L, Waserman E, Cohen R (1997) Composition and temperature of Earth's inner core. J Geophys Res 102(B11):24729-24740.
316. Sukdeo N, Daub E, Honek JF (2007) Biochemistry of the nickel-dependent glyoxalase I enzymes. In: Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel RKO (eds) Nickel and its Surprising Impact in Nature, John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, England. pp 445-472.
317. Sukkariyah BF, Evanylo G, Zelazny L, Chaney RL (2005) Cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc availability in a biosolids-amended piedmont soil years after application. J Environ Qual 34:2255-2262.
318. Sullivan JB, GR Krieger (2001) Clinical Environmental Health and Toxic Exposures. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Publishers.
319. Sun E, Wu F (1998) Along-vein necrosis as indicator symptom on water spinach caused by nickel in water culture. Bot Acad Sin 39:255-259.
320. Sunderman F (1992) Toxicokinetics of nickel in humans. In: Nieboer E, Nriagu JO (eds). Nickel and Human Health: Current Perspectives. Vol 25, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, Pp: 69-76.
321. Svetlitchnyi V, Dobbek H, Meyer-Klaucke W, Meins T, Thiele B, Römer P, Huber R, Meyer O (2004) A functional Ni-Ni-[4Fe-4 S] cluster in the monomeric acetyl-CoA synthase from Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans. PNAS: 101:446-451.
322. Syros T, Yupsanis T, Petkou D, Economou AS (2005) Protein, leucine aminopeptidase, esterase, acid phosphatase and photosynthetic responses of oleander (Nerium oleander L.) during cold acclimation and freezing treatments. J Plant Physiol 162:886-894.
323. Szalontai B, Horvath LI, Debreczeny M, Droppa M, Horvath G (1999) Molecular rearrangements of thylakoids after heavy metal poisoning, as seen by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, Photosynth Res 61:241-252.
324. Tabatabaei SJ (2009) Supplements of nickel affect yield, quality, and nitrogen metabolism when urea or nitrate is the sole nitrogen source for cucumber. J Plant Nutr 32:713-724.
325. nd ed.). Sinauer Associates, Inc. Sunderland, Massachusetts, pp. 103-122.
326. Tan XW, Ikeda H, Oda M (2000) Effects of nickel concentration in the nutrient solution on the nitrogen assimilation and growth on tomato seedlings in hydroponic culture supplied with urea or nitrate as the sole nitrogen solution. Sci Hort 84:265-273.
327. Terlesky KC, Nelson MJ, Ferry JG (1986) Isolation of an enzyme complex with carbon monoxide dehydrogenase activity containing corrinoid and nickel from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila. J Bacteriol 168:1053-1058.
328. Tersteegen A, Hedderich R (1999) Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum encodes two multisubunit membrane-bound [NiFe] hydrogenases. Transcription of the operons and sequence analysis of the deduced proteins. Eur J Biochem 264:930-43.
329. 2+. Biochim Biophys Acta 638:217-224.
330. Vacchina V, Mari S, Czernic P, Marques L, Pianelli K, Schaumloffel D, Lebrun M, Lobinski R (2003) Speciation of nickel in a hyperaccumulating plant by high performance liquid chromotgraphy-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and electrospray MS/MS assisted by cloning using yeast complementation. Anal Chem 75:2740-2745.
331. Valko M, Morris H, Cronin M T D (2005) Metals: toxicity and oxidative stress. Curr Med Chem 12:1161-1208.
332. Van Assche F, Clijsters H (1990) Effects of metals on enzyme activity in plants. Plant Cell Environ 13:195-206.
333. Van den Ende W, Michiels A, Le Roy K, Van Laere A (2002) Cloning of a vacuolar invertase from Belgian endive leaves (Cichorium intybus). Physiol Plant 115:504-512.
334. van der Hoek W, Hassan MUL, Ensink J H J, Feenstra S, Raschid-Sally L, Munir S, Aslam R, Ali N, Hussain R, Matsuno Y (2002) Urban Wastewater: A Valuable Resource for Agriculture A Case Study from Haroonabad, Pakistan. IWMI Research Report no. 63, International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka, pp 14.
335. Veer B (1989) Effect of nickel and zinc on seedling growth and hydrolytic enzymes in Phaseolus aureus cv. R-851. Geobios 16:245-248.
336. 63Ni in a Zn-tolerant plant, Ocimum basilicum Benth., J Exp Bot 33:1161-1165.
337. Verma S, Dubey RS (2003) Lead toxicity induces lipid peroxidation and alters the activities of antioxidant enzymes in growing rice plants. Plant Sci 164:645-655.
338. Vernay P, Gauthier-Moussard C, Hitmi A (2007) Interaction of bioaccumulation of heavy metal chromium with water relation, mineral nutrition and photosynthesis in developed leaves of Lolium perenne L. Chemosphere 68:1563-1575.
339. Vogel-Mikus K, Drobne D, Regvar M (2005) Zn, Cd and Pb accumulation and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of pennycress Thlaspi praecox Wulf. (Brassicaceae) from the vicinity of a lead mine and smelter in Slovenia. Environ Pollut 133:233-242.
340. Voss RD (1993) Corn. In: Nutrient Defciencies and Toxicities in Crop Plants. St. Paul, MN. APS Press. P. 202.
341. Walker CD, Graham RD, Madison JT, Cary EE, Welch RM (1985) Effects of nickel deficiency on some nitrogen metabolites in cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). Plant Physiol 79:474-479.
342. Wang HH, Kang J, Zeng FH, Jiang MY (2001) Effect of nickel at high concentrations on growth and activities of enzymes of rice seedlings. Acta Agron Sin 27:953-957.
343. Wang ST, He XJ, An RD (2010) Responses of growth and antioxidant metabolism to nickel toxicity in Luffa cylindrica seedlings. J Animal Plant Sci 7:810-821.
344. Wang Z, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Huang L (2008) Antioxidative response of metal-accumulator and non-accumulator plants under cadmium stress. Plant Soil 310:137-149.
345. Watt RK, Ludden PW (1998) The identification, purification, and characterization of Cool. A nickel-binding protein that is co-regulated with the Ni-containing CO dehydrogenase from Rhodospirillum rubrum. J Biol Chem 273:10019-10025.
346. Welch RM (1981) The biological significance of nickel. J Plant Nutr 3:345-356.
347. Welch RM (1995) Micronutrient nutrition of plants. Crit Rev Plant Sci 14:49-82.
348. Weng LP, Wolthoorn A, Lexmond TM, Temminghoff E J M, van Riemsdijk WH (2004) Understanding the effects of soil characteristics on phytotoxicity and bioavailability of nickel using speciation models. Environ Sci Technol 38:156-162.
349. White MC, Baker FD, Chaney RL, Decker AM (1981) Metal complexation in xylem fluid: I. Chemical composition of tomato and soybean stem exudates. Plant Physiol 67:292-300.
350. Willaert G, Verloo M (1988) Biological effects of nickel species and their determination in plant and soil. Plant Soil 107:285-292.
351. Wilson MJ, Kordybach BM (2000) Soil Quality, Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Security in Central and Eastern Europe. Springer, The Netherlands.
352. Wolfram L, Friedrich B, Eitinger T (1995) The Alcaligenes eutrophus protein HoxN mediates nickel transport in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 177:1840-1843.
353. Won HS, Lee BJ (2004) Nickel-binding properties of the C-terminal tail peptide of Bacillus pasteurii UreE. J Biochem 136:635-641.
354. Wong MH, Bradshaw AD (1982) A comparison of the toxicity of heavy metals, using root elongation of rye grass, Lolium perenne. New Phytol 91:255-261.
355. Wood BW, Reilly CC (2007) Interaction of nickel and plant disease. In: Datnoff LE, Elmer WH, Huber DM (eds). Mineral Nutrition and Plant Disease. Minneapolis, MN: American Phytopathological Society Press. pp. 217-247.
356. Wood BW, Reilly CC, Nyczepir AP (2004) Mouse-ear of pecan: A nickel deficiency. Hort Sci 39:1238-1242.
357. Wood BW, Reilly CC, Nyczepir AP (2006) Field deficiency of nickel in trees: Symptoms and causes. Acta Hort 721:83-98.
358. Wright DA, Welbourn P (2002) Environmental Toxicology. Cambridge University Press.
359. Yadav R, Aery NC (2002) Effect of nickel on the growth performance of wheat. Plant Arch 2:133-135.
360. Yamauchi D (2003) Regulation of gene expression of a cysteine proteinase, EP-C1, by a VIVIPAROUS1-like factor from common bean. Plant Cell Physiol 44:649-652.
361. Yang J, Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhu Q (2001) Activities of starch hydrolytic enzymes and sucrosephosphate synthase in the stems of rice subjected to water stress during grain filling. J Exp Bot 52:2169-2179.
362. Yang X, Baligar VC, Martens DC, Clark RB (1996) Plant tolerance to nickel toxicity: I. Influx, transport, and accumulation of nickel in four species. J Plant Nutr 19:73-85.
363. Yossef RA, Hegazy M N A, Abdel-Fattah A (1998) Micronutrients in corn plants as affected by the addition N with Ni or Cd. Egypt J Soil Sci 3:427-437.
364. Youn HD, Kim EJ, Roe JH, Hah YC, Kang SO (1996a) A novel nickel-containing superoxide dismutase from Streptomyces spp. Biochem J 318:889-896.
365. Youn HD, Youn H, Lee JW, Yim YI, Lee JK, Hah YC, Kang SO, 1996b. Unique isoenzymes of superoxide dismutase in Streptomyces griseus. Arch Biochem Biophys 334:341-348.
366. Zhang FQ, Wang YS, Lou ZP, Dong JD (2007) Effect of heavy metal stress on antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots of two mangrove plant seedlings (Kandelia candel and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza). Chemosphere 67:44-50.
367. Zhang M, Zhou C, Huang C (2006) Relationship between extractable metals in acid soils and metals taken up by tea plants. Comm Soil Sci Plant Anal 37:347-361.
368. Zhao F, McGrath SP, Dunham SJ (1999) Factors affecting the solubility of zinc, cadmium, copper and nickel in sewage sludge amended soils. In: Proceedings of Fifth International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Metals, Vienna, Pp. 270-271.
369. Zia S, Khan MA (2004) Effect of light, salinity, and temperature on seed germination of Limonium stocksii. Can J Bot 82:151-157.
370. Zlesak DC (2007) Factors affecting seed germination of Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet. Seed Sci Technol 35:577-594.