Validation of the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) for identifying patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy

Digestive Diseases and Sciences

Volumn 56, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 3014-3023

  Duarte Rojo, Andrés ^a   Estradas, José ^a   Hernández Ramos, Roberto ^a   Ponce De León, Sergio ^a   Córdoba, Juan ^b   Torre, Aldo ^a  

^a INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y NUTRICIÓN SALVADOR ZUBIRÁN   (Mexico)

^b HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARI VALL D HEBRON   (Spain)

Author keywords

Cirrhosis; Cognition; Digit symbol test; Liver failure; Neuropsychological tests; Number connection test; PSE syndrom test

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT TOOL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATIENT ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOMETRIC HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY SCORE; VALIDATION PROCESS;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COGNITION; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HUMANS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MEXICO; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PSYCHOMETRICS; REFERENCE VALUES;

EID: 80054735806     PISSN: 01632116     EISSN: 15732568     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10620-011-1684-0     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. P Ferenci A Lockwood K Mullen R Tarter K Weissenborn AT Blei 2002 Hepatic encephalopathy-definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th world congresses of gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998 Hepatology 35 716 721 11870389 10.1053/jhep.2002.31250 (Pubitemid 34183979)
2. J Córdoba B Mínguez 2008 Hepatic encephalopathy Semin Liver Dis 28 70 80 18293278 10.1055/s-2008-1040322 (Pubitemid 351326534)
3. A Torre-Delgadillo L Cisneros-Garza N Méndez-Sánchez J Jacobo-Karam A Duarte-Rojo F Solís-Galindo 2009 Gastroenterology diagnosis and treatment guidelines of hepatic encephalopathy. General approach Rev Gastroenterol Mex 74 161 163 19666307
4. JS Bajaj JB Wade AJ Sanyal 2009 Spectrum of neurocognitive impairment in cirrhosis: implications for the assessment of hepatic encephalopathy Hepatology 50 2014 2021 19787808 10.1002/hep.23216
5. JS Bajaj K Saeian MD Verber, et al. 2007 Inhibitory control test is a simple method to diagnose minimal hepatic encephalopathy and predict development of overt hepatic encephalopathy Am J Gastroenterol 102 754 760 17222319 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01048.x (Pubitemid 46496606)
6. ES Baskin-Bey CA Stewart MM Mitchell JP Bida TJ Rosenthal SL Nyberg 2008 Preliminary report of the hepatic encephalopathy assessment driving simulator (HEADS) score Ethn Dis 18 357 364 18785452
7. S Prasad RK Dhiman A Duseja YK Chawla A Sharma R Agarwal 2007 Lactulose improves cognitive functions and health-related quality of life in patients with cirrhosis who have minimal hepatic encephalopathy Hepatology 45 549 559 17326150 10.1002/hep.21533 (Pubitemid 46450607)
8. Q Liu ZP Duan DK Ha S Bengmark J Kurtovic SM Riordan 2004 Synbiotic modulation of gut flora: effect on minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis Hepatology 39 1441 1449 15122774 10.1002/hep.20194 (Pubitemid 38569067)
9. M Malaguarnera MP Gargante E Cristaldi, et al. 2008 Acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy Dig Dis Sci 53 3018 3025 18357530 10.1007/s10620-008-0238-6 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1ChsbbO
10. C Randolph R Hilsabeck A Kato, et al. 2009 Neuropsychological assessment of hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines Liver Int 29 629 635 19302444 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02009.x
11. K Weissenborn 2008 PHES: one label, different goods?! J Hepatol 49 308 312 18644646 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.06.023
12. K Weissenborn JC Ennen H Schomerus N Rückert H Hecker 2001 Neuropsychological characterization of hepatic encephalopathy J Hepatol 34 768 773 11434627 10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00026-5 1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2Fhslehtg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 32488796)
13. M Romero Gómez J Córdoba R Jover, et al. 2006 Normality tables in the Spanish population for psychometric tests used in the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy Med Clin (Barc) 127 246 249 10.1157/13091264 (Pubitemid 44343355)
14. P Amodio F Campagna S Olianas, et al. 2008 Detection of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: normalization and optimization of the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score. A neuropsychological and quantified EEG study J Hepatol 49 346 353 18602716 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.04.022
15. PS Kamath RH Wiesner M Malinchoc, et al. 2001 A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease Hepatology 33 464 470 11172350 10.1053/jhep.2001.22172 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M7kvVOqug%3D%3D (Pubitemid 32119037)
16. A Virtanen V Kairisto E Uusipaikka 1998 Regression-based reference limits: determination of sufficient sample size Clin Chem 44 2353 2358 9799764 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXnt1Olt7c%3D (Pubitemid 28511759)
17. G Bravo R Hébert 1997 Age- and education-specific reference values for the mini-mental and modified mini-mental state examinations derived from a non-demented elderly population Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 12 1008 1018 9395933 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199710)12:10<1008::AID-GPS676>3.0.CO;2-A 1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FlslOjug%3D%3D (Pubitemid 27480226)
18. M Romero-Gómez J Córdoba R Jover, et al. 2007 Value of the critical flicker frequency in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy Hepatology 45 879 885 17393525 10.1002/hep.21586 (Pubitemid 46631556)
19. AH Lockwood K Weissenborn M Bokemeyer U Tietge W Burchert 2002 Correlations between cerebral glucose metabolism and neuropsychological test performance in nonalcoholic cirrhotics Metab Brain Dis 17 29 40 11893006 10.1023/A:1014000313824 (Pubitemid 34194579)
20. K Weissenborn B Ahl D Fischer-Wasels, et al. 2007 Correlations between magnetic resonance spectroscopy alterations and cerebral ammonia and glucose metabolism in cirrhotic patients with and without hepatic encephalopathy Gut 56 1736 1742 17660226 10.1136/gut.2006.110569 (Pubitemid 350206301)
21. P Amodio L Ridola A Schiff, et al. 2010 Improving the inhibitory control task to detect minimal hepatic encephalpathy Gastroenterology 139 510 518 20470775 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.04.057
22. JS Bajaj CM Schubert DM Heuman, et al. 2010 Persistence of cognitive impairment after resolution of overt hepatic encephalopathy Gastroenterology 138 2332 2340 20178797 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.02.015
23. R Jover L Compañy A Gutiérrez, et al. 2003 Minimal hepatic encephalopathy and extrapyramidal signs in patients with cirrhosis Am J Gastroenterol 98 1599 1604 12873585 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07528.x (Pubitemid 36875354)
24. M Ortiz J Córdoba E Doval, et al. 2007 Development of a clinical hepatic encephalopathy staging scale Aliment Pharmacol Ther 26 859 867 17767470 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03394.x 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2srntVKitA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 47346697)
25. M Ortiz J Córdoba C Jacas M Flavià R Esteban J Guardia 2006 Neuropsychological abnormalities in cirrhosis include learning impairment J Hepatol 44 104 110 16169117 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.06.013 (Pubitemid 41772523)
26. O Riggio L Ridola C Pasquale, et al. 2011 Evidence of persistent cognitive impairment after resolution of overt hepatic encephalopathy Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 9 181 183 20951832 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.10.002