A thirteen-year analysis of Plasmodium falciparum populations reveals high conservation of the mutant pfcrt haplotype despite the withdrawal of chloroquine from national treatment guidelines in Gabon

Malaria Journal

Volumn 10, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Frank, Matthias ^a,b   Lehners, Nicola ^a   Mayengue, Pembe I ^a,d   Gabor, Julian ^a,b   Dal Bianco, Matthias ^a,b   Kombila, David U ^a,b   Ngoma, Ghyslain ^a,b,e   Supan, Christian ^a,b   Lell, Bertrand ^a,b   Ntoumi, Francine ^a,b,d   Grobusch, Martin P ^a,b,c   Dietz, Klaus ^a   Kremsner, Peter G ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

^b ALBERT SCHWEITZER HOSPITAL   (Gabon)

^c ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^d UNIVERSITÉ MARIEN NGOUABI   (Congo)

^e UNIVERSITÉ DES SCIENCES DE LA SANTÉ   (Gabon)

Author keywords

artesunate plus amodiaquine; chloroquine resistance; chloroquine sensitivity; microsatellite analysis, haplotype analysis

Indexed keywords

AMODIAQUINE PLUS ARTESUNATE; CHLOROQUINE; MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN 2; MICROORGANISM PROTEIN; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM CQ RESISTANCE TRANSPORTER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; AMODIAQUINE; AMODIAQUINE, ARTESUNATE DRUG COMBINATION; ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; ARTEMISININ DERIVATIVE; CARRIER PROTEIN; MICROSATELLITE DNA; PFCRT PROTEIN, PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PROTOZOAL DNA; PROTOZOAL PROTEIN;

ALLELE; ANTIMALARIAL DRUG RESISTANCE; ARTICLE; CHROMOSOME; CHROMOSOME 7; DRUG RECALL; GABON; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HAPLOTYPE; MUTANT; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; DNA SEQUENCE; DRUG COMBINATION; DRUG RESISTANCE; GENETIC SELECTION; GENETICS; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MALARIA; MOLECULAR GENETICS; PARASITOLOGY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM;

AMODIAQUINE; ANTIMALARIALS; ARTEMISININS; CHLOROQUINE; DNA, PROTOZOAN; DRUG COMBINATIONS; DRUG RESISTANCE; GABON; HAPLOTYPES; HEALTH POLICY; HUMANS; MALARIA; MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS; MICROSATELLITE REPEATS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; POLYMORPHISM, RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH; PROTOZOAN PROTEINS; SELECTION, GENETIC; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA;

EID: 80054076496     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14752875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-10-304     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. The public health impact of chloroquine resistance in Africa. Trape JF, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2001 64 12 17 11425173
2. Spread of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Payne D, Parasitol Today 1987 3 241 246 10.1016/0169-4758(87)90147-5 15462966 (Pubitemid 17142151)
3. Reemergence of chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum malaria after cessation of chloroquine use in Malawi. Kublin JG, Cortese JF, Njunju EM, Mukadam RA, Wirima JJ, Kazembe PN, Djimde AA, Kouriba B, Taylor TE, Plowe CV, J Infect Dis 2003 187 1870 1875 10.1086/375419 12792863 (Pubitemid 36724485)
4. Recovery of chloroquine sensitivity and low prevalence of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter gene mutation K76T following the discontinuance of chloroquine use in Malawi. Mita T, Kaneko A, Lum JK, Bwijo B, Takechi M, Zungu IL, Tsukahara T, Tanabe K, Kobayakawa T, Bjorkman A, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003 68 413 415 12875289 (Pubitemid 38230640)
5. Return of chloroquine antimalarial efficacy in Malawi. Laufer MK, Thesing PC, Eddington ND, Masonga R, Dzinjalamala FK, Takala SL, Taylor TE, Plowe CV, N Engl J Med 2006 355 1959 1966 10.1056/NEJMoa062032 17093247 (Pubitemid 44708015)
6. Five-year surveillance of molecular markers of Plasmodium falciparum antimalarial drug resistance in Korogwe District, Tanzania: accumulation of the 581G mutation in the P. falciparum dihydropteroate synthase gene. Alifrangis M, Lusingu JP, Mmbando B, Dalgaard MB, Vestergaard LS, Ishengoma D, Khalil IF, Theander TG, Lemnge MM, Bygbjerg IC, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009 80 523 527 19346369
7. Chloroquine resistance before and after its withdrawal in Kenya. Mwai L, Ochong E, Abdirahman A, Kiara SM, Ward S, Kokwaro G, Sasi P, Marsh K, Borrmann S, Mackinnon M, Nzila A, Malar J 2009 8 106 10.1186/1475-2875-8-106 19450282
8. Allelic modifications of the cg2 and cg1 genes do not alter the chloroquine response of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Fidock DA, Nomura T, Cooper RA, Su X, Talley AK, Wellems TE, Mol Biochem Parasitol 2000 110 1 10 10.1016/S0166-6851(00)00249-8 10989140
9. Chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites conferred by pfcrt mutations. Sidhu AB, Verdier-Pinard D, Fidock DA, Science 2002 298 210 213 10.1126/science.1074045 12364805
10. Genetic mapping of the chloroquine-resistance locus on Plasmodium falciparum chromosome 7. Wellems TE, Walker-Jonah A, Panton LJ, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991 88 3382 3386 10.1073/pnas.88.8.3382 1673031 (Pubitemid 21916625)
11. Genetic diversity and chloroquine selective sweeps in Plasmodium falciparum. Wootton JC, Feng X, Ferdig MT, Cooper RA, Mu J, Baruch DI, Magill AJ, Su XZ, Nature 2002 418 320 323 10.1038/nature00813 12124623 (Pubitemid 34790681)
12. Return of chloroquine-susceptible falciparum malaria in Malawi was a reexpansion of diverse susceptible parasites. Laufer MK, Takala-Harrison S, Dzinjalamala FK, Stine OC, Taylor TE, Plowe CV, J Infect Dis 2010 202 801 808 10.1086/655659 20662717
13. Polymorphisms in the parasite genes for pfcrt and pfmdr-1 as molecular markers for chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in Lambarene, Gabon. Binder RK, Borrmann S, Adegnika AA, Missinou MA, Kremsner PG, Kun JF, Parasitol Res 2002 88 475 476 10.1007/s00436-001-0546-7 12049468 (Pubitemid 34328098)
14. Reassessment of the resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in Gabon: implications for the validity of tests in vitro vs. in vivo. Borrmann S, Binder RK, Adegnika AA, Missinou MA, Issifou S, Ramharter M, Wernsdorfer WH, Kremsner PG, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2002 96 660 663 10.1016/S0035-9203(02) 90345-7 12625146 (Pubitemid 36231492)
15. No variation in the prevalence of point mutations in the Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 genes in isolates from Gabonese patients with uncomplicated or severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Mayengue PI, Kalmbach Y, Issifou S, Kremsner PG, Ntoumi F, Parasitol Res 2007 100 487 493 17096149 (Pubitemid 46011259)
16. Malaria Epidemiology in the Province of Moyen-Ogoov, Gabon. Wildling E, Winkler S, Kremsner PG, Brandts C, Jenne L, Wernsdorfer WH, Trop Med Parasitol 1995 46 77 82 8525289
17. Merozoite surface antigen 1 and 2 genotypes and rosetting of Plasmodium falciparum in severe and mild malaria in Lambarene, Gabon. Kun JF, Schmidt-Ott RJ, Lehman LG, Lell B, Luckner D, Greve B, Matousek P, Kremsner PG, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1998 92 110 114 10.1016/S0035-9203(98)90979-8 9692171 (Pubitemid 28073749)
18. The multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infections is associated with acquired immunity to asexual blood stage antigens. Mayengue PI, Luty AJF, Rogier C, Baragatti M, Kremsner PG, Ntoumi F, Microbes Infect 2009 11 108 114 10.1016/j.micinf.2008.10.012 19028595
19. Var Gene Promoter Activation in Clonal Plasmodium falciparum Isolates Follows a Hierarchy and Suggests a Conserved Switching Program that Is Independent of Genetic Background. Enderes C, Kombila D, Dal Bianco M, Dzikowski R, Kremsner P, Frank M, J Infect Dis 2011
20. Malaria parasites form filamentous cell-to-cell connections during reproduction in the mosquito midgut. Rupp I, Sologub L, Williamson KC, Scheuermayer M, Reininger L, Doerig C, Eksi S, Kombila DU, Frank M, Pradel G, Cell Res 2011 21 683 696 10.1038/cr.2010.176 21173797
21. Phase I randomized dose-ascending placebo-controlled trials of ferroquine - a candidate anti-malarial drug - in adults with asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection. Mombo-Ngoma G, Supan C, Dal Bianco MP, Missinou MA, Matsiegui PB, Ospina Salazar CL, Issifou S, Ter Minassian D, Ramharter M, Kombila M, Kremsner PG, Lell B, Malar J 2011 10 53 10.1186/1475-2875-10-53 21362162
22. No rebound of morbidity following intermittent preventive sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment of malaria in infants in Gabon. Grobusch MP, Gabor JJ, Aponte JJ, Schwarz NG, Poetschke M, Doernemann J, Schuster K, Koester KB, Profanter K, Borchert LB, Kurth F, Pongratz P, Issifou S, Lell B, Kremsner PG, J Infect Dis 2009 200 1658 1661 10.1086/647990 19848610
23. Intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in infants in Gabon - a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Grobusch MP, Lell B, Schwarz NG, Gabor J, Dornemann J, Potschke M, Oyakhirome S, Kiessling GC, Necek M, Langin MU, Klouwenberg PK, Klopfer A, Naumann B, Altun H, Agnandji ST, Goesch J, Decker M, Salazar CL, Supan C, Kombila DU, Borchert L, Koster KB, Pongratz P, Adegnika AA, Glasenapp I, Issifou S, Kremsner PG, J Infect Dis 2007 196 1595 1602 10.1086/522160 18008242 (Pubitemid 351411956)
24. High prevalence of dhfr triple mutant and correlation with high rates of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine treatment failures in vivo in Gabonese children. Mombo-Ngoma G, Oyakhirome S, Ord R, Gabor JJ, Greutelaers KC, Profanter K, Greutelaers B, Kurth F, Lell B, Kun JFJ, Issifou S, Roper C, Kremsner PG, Grobusch MP, Malar J 2011 10
25. A molecular marker for chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria. Djimde A, Doumbo OK, Cortese JF, Kayentao K, Doumbo S, Diourte Y, Dicko A, Su XZ, Nomura T, Fidock DA, Wellems TE, Plowe CV, Coulibaly D, New Engl J Med 2001 344 257 263 10.1056/NEJM200101253440403 11172152 (Pubitemid 32108530)
26. A genetic map and recombination parameters of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Su XZ, Ferdig MT, Huang YM, Huynh CQ, Liu A, You JT, Wootton JC, Wellems TE, Science 1999 286 1351 1353 10.1126/science.286.5443.1351 10558988 (Pubitemid 29535893)
27. Site-based study on polymorphism of Plasmodium falciparum MSP-1 and MSP-2 genes in isolates from two villages in Central Africa. Ntoumi F, Ngoundou-Landji J, Lekoulou F, Luty A, Deloron P, Ringwald P, Parassitologia 2000 42 197 203 11686079
28. Microsatellite markers reveal a spectrum of population structures in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Anderson TJ, Haubold B, Williams JT, Estrada-Franco JG, Richardson L, Mollinedo R, Bockarie M, Mokili J, Mharakurwa S, French N, Whitworth J, Velez ID, Brockman AH, Nosten F, Ferreira MU, Day KP, Mol Biol Evol 2000 17 1467 1482 11018154
29. Selective Sweeps and Genetic Lineages of Plasmodium falciparum Drug -Resistant Alleles in Ghana. Alam MT, de Souza DK, Vinayak S, Griffing SM, Poe AC, Duah NO, Ghansah A, Asamoa K, Slutsker L, Wilson MD, Barnwell JW, Udhayakumar V, Koram KA, J Infect Dis 2011 203 220 227 10.1093/infdis/jiq038 21288822
30. Increased prevalence of the Plasmodium falciparum Pfmdr1 86N genotype among field isolates from Franceville, Gabon after replacement of chloroquine by artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-mefloquine. Lekana-Douki JB, Boutamba SDD, Zatra R, Edou SEZ, Ekomy H, Bisvigou U, Toure-Ndouo FS, Infect Genet Evol 2011 11 512 517 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.01.003 21251998
31. Efficacy, safety, and selection of molecular markers of drug resistance by two ACTs in Mali. Djimde AA, Fofana B, Sagara I, Sidibe B, Toure S, Dembele D, Dama S, Ouologuem D, Dicko A, Doumbo OK, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008 78 455 461 18337343 (Pubitemid 351845197)
32. Geographic patterns of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance distinguished by differential responses to amodiaquine and chloroquine. Sa JM, Twu O, Hayton K, Reyes S, Fay MP, Ringwald P, Wellems TE, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009 106 18883 18889 10.1073/pnas.0911317106 19884511
33. Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Angola show the StctVMNT haplotype in the pfcrt gene. Gama BE, Pereira-Carvalho GA, Lutucuta Kosi FJ, Almeida de Oliveira NK, Fortes F, Rosenthal PJ, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, de Fatima Ferreira-da-Cruz, Malar J 2010 9 174 10.1186/1475-2875-9-174 20565881
34. Occurrence of the Southeast Asian/South American SVMNT haplotype of the chloroquine-resistance transporter gene in Plasmodium falciparum in Tanzania. Alifrangis M, Dalgaard MB, Lusingu JP, Vestergaard LS, Staalsoe T, Jensen AT, Enevold A, Ronn AM, Khalil IF, Warhurst DC, Lemnge MM, Theander TG, Bygbjerg IC, J Infect Dis 2006 193 1738 1741 10.1086/504269 16703518 (Pubitemid 43839479)
35. Protecting the malaria drug arsenal: halting the rise and spread of amodiaquine resistance by monitoring the PfCRT SVMNT type. Sa JM, Twu O, Malar J 2010 9 374 10.1186/1475-2875-9-374 21182787
36. Mutations in the P. falciparum digestive vacuole transmembrane protein PfCRT and evidence for their role in chloroquine resistance. Fidock DA, Nomura T, Talley AK, Cooper RA, Dzekunov SM, Ferdig MT, Ursos LM, Sidhu AB, Naude B, Deitsch KW, Su XZ, Wootton JC, Roepe PD, Wellems TE, Mol Cell 2000 6 861 871 10.1016/S1097-2765(05)00077-8 11090624