Management of aseptic tibial nonunion

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

Volumn 19, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 563-573

  Hak, David J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 80053604303     PISSN: 1067151X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5435/00124635-201109000-00007     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Kwong FN, Harris MB: Recent developments in the biology of fracture repair. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2008; 16(11):619-625.
2. Pheifer LS, Goulet JA: Delayed unions of the tibia. J Bone Joint Surg 2006;88(1): 206-216. (Pubitemid 43062791)
3. Goulet JA, Templeman D: Delayed union and nonunion of tibial shaft fractures. Instr Course Lect 1997;46:281-291.
4. Bhattacharyya T, Bouchard KA, Phadke A, Meigs JB, Kassarjian A, Salamipour H: The accuracy of computed tomography for the diagnosis of tibial nonunion. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2006; 88(4):692-697.
5. Weber BG, Cech O: Pseudarthrosis: Pathology, Biomechanics, Therapy, Results. Berne, Switzerland, Hans Huber Medical Publisher, 1976.
6. Brownlow HC, Reed A, Simpson AH: The vascularity of atrophic non-unions. Injury 2002;33(2):145-150. (Pubitemid 34219089)
7. Reed AA, Joyner CJ, Brownlow HC, Simpson AH: Human atrophic fracture non-unions are not avascular. J Orthop Res 2002;20(3):593-599. (Pubitemid 34461020)
8. Patzakis MJ, Zalavras CG: Chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis and infected nonunion of the tibia: Current management concepts. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2005;13(6):417-427.
9. Sems A, Dimeff R, Iannotti JP: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of chronic tendinopathies. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2006;14(4): 195-204. (Pubitemid 44916664)
10. Elster EA, Stojadinovic A, Forsberg J, Shawen S, Andersen RC, Schaden W: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for nonunion of the tibia. J Orthop Trauma 2010;24(3):133-141.
11. Schaden W, Fischer A, Sailler A: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy of nonunion or delayed osseous union. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2001;(387):90-94. (Pubitemid 32510327)
12. Cacchio A, Giordano L, Colafarina O, et al: Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy compared with surgery for hypertrophic long-bone nonunions. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2009;91(11):2589-2597.
13. Rubin C, Bolander M, Ryaby JP, Hadjiargyrou M: The use of low-intensity ultrasound to accelerate the healing of fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2001;83(2):259-270. (Pubitemid 32163721)
14. Rutten S, Nolte PA, Guit GL, Bouman DE, Albers GH: Use of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for posttraumatic nonunions of the tibia: A review of patients treated in the Netherlands. J Trauma 2007;62(4):902-908. (Pubitemid 46624208)
15. Jingushi S, Mizuno K, Matsushita T, Itoman M: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound treatment for postoperative delayed union or nonunion of long bone fractures. J Orthop Sci 2007;12(1):35-41. (Pubitemid 46169937)
16. Nolte PA, van der Krans A, Patka P, Janssen IM, Ryaby JP, Albers GH: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in the treatment of nonunions. J Trauma 2001; 51(4):693-703.
17. Sharrard WJ: A double-blind trial of pulsed electromagnetic fields for delayed union of tibial fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1990;72(3):347-355. (Pubitemid 20154135)
18. Scott G, King JB: A prospective, double-blind trial of electrical capacitive coupling in the treatment of non-union of long bones. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1994;76(6):820-826. (Pubitemid 24213210)
19. Simonis RB, Parnell EJ, Ray PS, Peacock JL: Electrical treatment of tibial nonunion: A prospective, randomised, double-blind trial. Injury 2003;34(5): 357-362. (Pubitemid 36444736)
20. Sarmiento A, Burkhalter WE, Latta LL: Functional bracing in the treatment of delayed union and nonunion of the tibia. Int Orthop 2003;27(1):26-29. (Pubitemid 36692848)
21. Brinker MR, O'Connor DP: Exchange nailing of ununited fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89(1):177-188. (Pubitemid 46059158)
22. Hsiao CW, Wu CC, Su CY, Fan KF, Tseng IC, Lee PC: Exchange nailing for aseptic tibial shaft nonunion: Emphasis on the influence of a concomitant fibulotomy. Chang Gung Med J 2006; 29(3):283-290.
23. Zelle BA, Gruen GS, Klart B, Haemmerle MJ, Rosenblum WJ, Prayson MJ: Exchange reamed nailing for aseptic nonunion of the tibia. J Trauma 2004; 57(5):1053-1059. (Pubitemid 39579293)
24. Oh JK, Bae JH, Oh CW, Biswal S, Hur CR: Treatment of femoral and tibial diaphyseal nonunions using reamed intramedullary nailing without bone graft. Injury 2008;39(8):952-959.
25. Nadkarni B, Srivastav S, Mittal V, Agarwal S: Use of locking compression plates for long bone nonunions without removing existing intramedullary nail: Review of literature and our experience. J Trauma 2008;65(2):482-486.
26. Ueng SW, Liu HT, Wang IC: Augmentation plate fixation for the management of tibial nonunion after intramedullary nailing. J Trauma 2002; 53(3):588-592.
27. Rozbruch SR, Pugsley JS, Fragomen AT, Ilizarov S: Repair of tibial nonunions and bone defects with the Taylor Spatial Frame. J Orthop Trauma 2008;22(2):88-95.
28. Brinker MR, O'Connor DP: Outcomes of tibial nonunion in older adults following treatment using the Ilizarov method. J Orthop Trauma 2007;21(9): 634-642. (Pubitemid 47549098)
29. García-Cimbrelo E, Martí-González JC: Circular external fixation in tibial nonunions. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004; (419):65-70. (Pubitemid 38269672)
30. Gardner MJ, Toro-Arbelaez JB, Hansen M, Boraiah S, Lorich DG, Helfet DL: Surgical treatment and outcomes of extraarticular proximal tibial nonunions. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2008;128(8): 833-839.
31. Chin KR, Nagarkatti DG, Miranda MA, Santoro VM, Baumgaertner MR, Jupiter JB: Salvage of distal tibia metaphyseal nonunions with the 90 degrees cannulated blade plate. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2003;(409):241-249. (Pubitemid 36417734)
32. Reed LK, Mormino MA: Functional outcome after blade plate reconstruction of distal tibia metaphyseal nonunions: A study of 11 cases. J Orthop Trauma 2004;18(2):81-86. (Pubitemid 38228570)
33. Perren SM: Evolution of the internal fixation of long bone fractures: The scientific basis of biological internal fixation. Choosing a new balance between stability and biology. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2002;84(8):1093-1110.
34. Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Gomez-Castresana F: Internal fixation of nonunions. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004; (419):13-20. (Pubitemid 38269665)
35. Beckers L: Deep decortication in nonunion of shaft fractures. Acta Orthop Belg 1992;58(suppl 1):180-181.
36. Connolly JF: Common avoidable problems in nonunions. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1985;(194):226-235. (Pubitemid 15088841)
37. Sen MK, Miclau T: Autologous iliac crest bone graft: Should it still be the gold standard for treating nonunions? Injury 2007;38(suppl 1):S75-S80. (Pubitemid 46440932)
38. Ryzewicz M, Morgan SJ, Linford E, Thwing JI, de Resende GV, Smith WR: Central bone grafting for nonunion of fractures of the tibia: A retrospective series. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2009;91 (4): 522-529.
39. Masquelet AC, Begue T: The concept of induced membrane for reconstruction of long bone defects. Orthop Clin North Am 2010;41(1):27-37.
40. Pelissier P, Masquelet AC, Bareille R, Pelissier SM, Amedee J: Induced membranes secrete growth factors including vascular and osteoinductive factors and could stimulate bone regeneration. J Orthop Res 2004;22(1): 73-79. (Pubitemid 38043892)
41. Goulet JA, Senunas LE, DeSilva GL, Greenfield ML: Autogenous iliac crest bone graft: Complications and functional assessment. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1997; (339):76-81. (Pubitemid 27250717)
42. Newman JT, Stahel PF, Smith WR, Resende GV, Hak DJ, Morgan SJ: A new minimally invasive technique for large volume bone graft harvest for treatment of fracture nonunions. Orthopedics 2008;31(3):257-261. (Pubitemid 351542970)
43. McCall TA, Brokaw DS, Jelen BA, et al: Treatment of large segmental bone defects with reamer-irrigator-aspirator bone graft: Technique and case series. Orthop Clin North Am 2010;41(1):63-73.
44. Belthur MV, Conway JD, Jindal G, Ranade A, Herzenberg JE: Bone graft harvest using a new intramedullary system. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2008; 466(12):2973-2980.
45. Connolly JF, Guse R, Tiedeman J, Dehne R: Autologous marrow injection as a substitute for operative grafting of tibial nonunions. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1991; (266):259-270.
46. Hernigou P, Poignard A, Beaujean F, Rouard H: Percutaneous autologous bone-marrow grafting for nonunions: Influence of the number and concentration of progenitor ceils. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87(7):1430-1437. (Pubitemid 40917741)
47. Goel A, Sangwan SS, Siwach RC, Ali AM: Percutaneous bone marrow grafting for the treatment of tibial non-union. Injury 2005;36(1):203-206. (Pubitemid 39611330)
48. Muschler GF, Boehm C, Easley K: Aspiration to obtain osteoblast progenitor cells from human bone marrow: The influence of aspiration volume. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1997; 79(11):1699-1709. (Pubitemid 27508530)
49. Dennis JE, Esterly K, Awadallah A, Parrish CR, Poynter GM, Goltry KL: Clinical-scale expansion of a mixed population of bone-marrow-derived stem and progenitor cells for potential use in bone-tissue regeneration. Stem Cells 2007;25(10):2575-2582. (Pubitemid 47582750)
50. Jimenez ML, Lyon T, Nowinski G, et al: Abstract: High-dose stem and progenitor cell therapy for refractory long-bone nonunions: Final Results of a multicenter phase I/II clinical study. Presented at the 2007 meeting of the Orthopaedic Trauma Association, Boston, MA, October 17-18, 2007. Available at: http://www.hwbf.org/ota/am/ota07/otapa/OTA070317.htm. Accessed July 11, 2011.
51. Friedlaender GE, Perry CR, Cole JD, et al: Osteogenic protein-1 (bone morphogenetic protein-7) in the treatment of tibial nonunions. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2001;83(pt 2 suppl 1): S151-S158.
52. Schultz D: Letter: H010002 OP-1 Implant. Available at: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cdrh-docs/pdf/h010002a.pdf. Accessed July 1, 2011.
53. McKee MD: Recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-7: Applications for clinical trauma. J Orthop Trauma 2005; 19(10 suppl):S26-S28. (Pubitemid 44620793)
54. Dimitriou R, Dahabreh Z, Katsoulis E, Matthews SJ, Branfoot T, Giannoudis PV: Application of recombinant BMP-7 on persistent upper and lower limb nonunions. Injury 2005;36(suppl 4):S51-S59. (Pubitemid 41608591)
55. Giannoudis PV, Kanakaris NK, Dimitriou R, Gill I, Kolimarala V, Montgomery RJ: The synergistic effect of autograft and BMP-7 in the treatment of atrophic nonunions. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2009;467(12):3239-3248.
56. Dahabreh Z, Dimitriou R, Giannoudis PV: Health economics: A cost analysis of treatment of persistent fracture nonunions using bone morphogenetic protein-7. Injury 2007;38(3):371-377. (Pubitemid 46328913)
57. Dahabreh Z, Calori GM, Kanakaris NK, Nikolaou VS, Giannoudis PV: A cost analysis of treatment of tibial fracture nonunion by bone grafting or bone morphogenetic protein-7. Int Orthop 2009;33(5):1407-1414.