Hyperacute therapies for childhood stroke: A case report and review of the literature

Neurology Research International

Volumn 2010, Issue , 2010, Pages

  Irazuzta, Jose ^a   Sullivan, Kevin J ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^b MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 80052778505     PISSN: 20901852     EISSN: 20901860     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2010/497326     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. W. J. Molofsky, "Managing stroke in children," Pediatric Annals, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 379-384, 2006. (Pubitemid 43844667)
2. E. S. Roach, M. R. Golomb, R. Adams et al., "Management of stroke in infants and children: A scientific statement from a special writing group of the american heart association stroke council and the council on cardiovascular disease in the young," Stroke, vol. 39, no. 9, pp. 2644-2691, 2008.
3. J. F. Maestre-Moreno, M. D. Fernández-Pérez, C. Arnáiz-Urrutia, A. Mínguez, P. Navarrete-Navarro, and J. Martínez-Bosch, "Thrombolysis in stroke: inappropriate consideration of the 'window period' as the time available," Revista de Neurologia, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 274-278, 2005. (Pubitemid 47233462)
4. H. P. Adams Jr., G. del Zoppo, and M. J. Alberts, "Guidelines for the early management of adults with ischemic stroke: A guideline from the american heart association/american stroke association stroke council, clinical cardiology council, cardiovascular radiology and intervention council, and the atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease and quality of care outcomes in research interdisciplinary working groups: The american academy of neurology affirms the value of this guideline as an educational tool for neurologists," Circulation, vol. 115, pp. e478-e534, 2007.
5. R. L. Sacco, R. Adams, G. Albers et al., "Guidelines for prevention of stroke in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Council on Stroke-co-sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention. The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline," Circulation, vol. 113, no. 10, pp. e409-e449, 2006. (Pubitemid 43739468)
6. W. Hacke, M. Kaste, E. Bluhmki et al., "Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke," The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 359, no. 13, pp. 1317-1329, 2008.
7. S. Lanthier, L. Carmant, M. David, A. Larbrisseau, and G. de Veber, "Stroke in children: The coexistence of multiple risk factors predicts poor outcome," Neurology, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 371-378, 2000. (Pubitemid 30078068)
8. G. DeVeber, E. Steve Roach, A. R. Riela, and M. Wiznitzer, "Stroke in children: recognition, treatment, and future directions," Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 309-317, 2000. (Pubitemid 32039860)
9. P. Monagle, A. Chan, P. Massicotte, E. Chalmers, and A. D. Michelson, "Antithrombotic therapy in children: The seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy," Chest, vol. 126, no. 3, pp. 645S-687S, 2004. (Pubitemid 39297967)
10. Royal College of Physicians PSWG, "Stroke in childhood: clinical guidelines for diagnosis,management, and rehabilitation," 2004, http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/pubs/books/childstroke/.
11. G. A. Ortiz, S. Koch, D. M. Wallace, and R. Lopez-Alberola, "Successful intravenous thrombolysis for acute stroke in a child," Journal of Child Neurology, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 749-752, 2007. (Pubitemid 47034383)
12. S. L. Benedict, O. K. Ni, P. Schloesser, K. S. White, and J. F. Bale, "Intra-arterial thrombolysis in a 2-year-old with cardioembolic stroke," Journal of Child Neurology, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 225-227, 2007. (Pubitemid 46860426)
13. M. D. Carlson, S. Leber, J. Deveikis, and F. S. Silverstein, "Successful use of rt-PA in pediatric stroke," Neurology, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 157-158, 2001. (Pubitemid 32634872)
14. M. R. Golomb, M. Rafay, D. Armstrong et al., "Intra-arterial tissue plasminogen activator for thrombosis complicating cerebral angiography in a 17-year-old girl," Journal of Child Neurology, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 420-423, 2003. (Pubitemid 36857287)
15. E. A. Noser, R. A. Felberg, and A. V. Alexandrov, "Thrombolytic therapy in an adolescent ischemic stroke," Journal of Child Neurology, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 286-288, 2001. (Pubitemid 32452004)
16. B. C. Cannon, N. J. Kertesz, R. A. Friedman, and A. L. Fenrich, "Use of tissue plasminogen activator in a stroke after radiofrequency ablation of a left-sided accessory pathway," Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 723-725, 2001. (Pubitemid 32506169)
17. C. Amlie-Lefond, G. deVeber, A. K. Chan et al., "Use of alteplase in childhood arterial ischaemic stroke: A multicentre, observational, cohort study," The Lancet Neurology, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 530-536, 2009.
18. N. Janjua, A. Nasar, J. K. Lynch, and A. I. Qureshi, "Thrombolysis for ischemic stroke in children: data from the nationwide inpatient sample," Stroke, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 1850-1854, 2007. (Pubitemid 46847258)
19. G. Thomalla, C. Schwark, J. Sobesky et al., "Outcome and symptomatic bleeding complications of intravenous thrombolysis within 6 hours in MRI-selected stroke patients: comparison of a German multicenter study with the pooled data of ATLANTIS, ECASS, and NINDS tPA trials," Stroke, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 852-858, 2006. (Pubitemid 43731921)
20. A. Furlan, R. Higashida, L. Wechsler et al., "Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: A randomized controlled trial," Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 282, no. 21, pp. 2003-2011, 1999.
21. A. C. Flint, G. R. Duckwiler, R. F. Budzik, D. S. Liebeskind, and W. S. Smith, "Mechanical thrombectomy of intracranial internal carotid occlusion: pooled results of the MERCI and multi MERCI part I trials," Stroke, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 1274-1280, 2007. (Pubitemid 351664267)
22. N. A. Goldenberg,W. E. Hathaway, L. Jacobson, K.Mcfarland, and M. J. Manco-Johnson, "Influence of factor VIII on overall coagulability and fibrinolytic potential of haemophilic plasma as measured by global assay: monitoring in haemophilia A," Haemophilia, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 605-614, 2006. (Pubitemid 44697531)
23. A. A. Smith, L. J. Jacobson, B. I. Miller, W. E. Hathaway, and M. J. Manco-Johnson, "A new euglobulin clot lysis assay for global fibrinolysis," Thrombosis Research, vol. 112, no. 5-6, pp. 329-337, 2003.
24. E. C. Bourekas, A. P. Slivka, andM. J. Casavant, "Intra-arterial thrombolysis of a distal internal carotid artery occlusion in an adolescent," Neurocritical Care, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 179-182, 2005. (Pubitemid 41270863)
25. A. Sungarian and J. A. Duncan III, "Vertebrobasilar thrombosis in children: report of two cases and recom-mendations for treatment," Pediatric Neurosurgery, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 16-20, 2003. (Pubitemid 36002574)
26. M. Arnold, M. Steinlin, A. Baumann et al., "Thrombolysis in childhood stroke report of 2 cases and review of the literature," Stroke, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 801-807, 2009.
27. M. I. Shuayto, J. I. Lopez, and F. Greiner, "Administration of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in a pediatric patient with acute ischemic stroke," Journal of Child Neurology, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 604-606, 2006. (Pubitemid 44295144)
28. R. S. Prasad, L. A. Michaels, S. Roychowdhury, V. Craig, A. Sorrell, and S. Schonfeld, "Combined venous sinus angioplasty and low-dose thrombolytic therapy for treatment of hemorrhagic transverse sinus thrombosis in a pediatric patient," Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 196-199, 2006. (Pubitemid 43791824)
29. A. Kirton, J. H. Wong, J. Mah et al., "Successful endovascular therapy for acute basilar thrombosis in an adolescent," Pediatrics, vol. 112, no. 3, part 1, pp. e248-e251, 2003.
30. R. M. Sugg, J. K. Pary, K. Uchino et al., "Argatroban tPA stroke study: study design and results in the first treated cohort," Archives of Neurology, vol. 63, no. 8, pp. 1057-1062, 2006. (Pubitemid 44232309)
31. D. G. Sherman, R. P. Atkinson, T. Chippendale et al., "Intravenous ancrod for treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The STAT study: A randomized controlled trial," Journal of the AmericanMedical Association, vol. 283, no. 18, pp. 2395-2403, 2000. (Pubitemid 30257538)
32. The Ancrod Stroke Study Investigators, "Ancrod for the treatment of acute ischemic brain infarction," Stroke, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 1755-1759, 1994.
33. A. J. Furlan, D. Eyding, G.W. Albers et al., "Dose escalation of desmoteplase for acute ischemic stroke (DEDAS): evidence of safety and efficacy 3 to 9 hours after stroke onset," Stroke, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 1227-1231, 2006. (Pubitemid 43731867)
34. W. Hacke, G. Albers, Y. Al-Rawi et al., "The desmoteplase in acute ischemic stroke trial (DIAS): A phase II MRI-based 9-hour window acute stroke thrombolysis trial with intravenous desmoteplase," Stroke, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 66-73, 2005. (Pubitemid 40054177)
35. H. P. Adams Jr., M. B. Effron, J. Torner et al., "Emergency administration of abciximab for treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke: results of an international phase III trial: abciximab in emergency treatment of stroke trial (AbESTT-II)," Stroke, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 87-99, 2008.
36. M. D. Ginsberg and R. Busto, "Combating hyperthermia in acute stroke: A significant clinical concern," Stroke, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 529-534, 1998. (Pubitemid 28086703)
37. S. E. Kasner, A.M. Demchuk, J. Berrouschot et al., "Predictors of fatal brain edema in massive hemispheric ischemic stroke," Stroke, vol. 32, no. 9, pp. 2117-2123, 2001. (Pubitemid 32868110)
38. A. Terent, G. Ronquist, K. Bergstrom, R. Hallgren, and H. Aberg, "Ischemic edema in stroke. A parallel study with computed tomography and cerebrospinal fluid markers of disturbed brain cell metabolism," Stroke, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 33-40, 1981. (Pubitemid 11184415)
39. K. Z. Guluma, H. Oh, S.-W. Yu, B. C. Meyer, K. Rapp, and P. D. Lyden, "Effect of endovascular hypothermia on acute ischemic edema: morphometric analysis of the ICTuS trial," Neurocritical Care, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 42-47, 2008. (Pubitemid 351378106)
40. H. M. Den Hertog, H. B. van der Worp, M.-C. Tseng, and D. W. J. Dippel, "Cooling therapy for acute stroke," Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 1, Article ID CD001247, 2009.
41. M. S. Damian and R. Schlosser, "Bilateral near infrared spectroscopy in space-occupying middle cerebralartery stroke," Neurocritical Care, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 165-173, 2007. (Pubitemid 350239282)
42. Y. Y. Palesch, M. D. Hill, K. J. Ryckborst, D. Tamariz, and M. D. Ginsberg, "The ALIAS Pilot Trial. A dose-escalation and safety study of albumin therapy for acute ischemic stroke-II: neurologic outcome and efficacy analysis," Stroke, vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 2107-2114, 2006. (Pubitemid 44309912)
43. M. D. Ginsberg, M. D. Hill, Y. Y. Palesch, K. J. Ryckborst, and D. Tamariz, "The ALIAS pilot trial. A dose-escalation and safety study of albumin therapy for acute ischemic stroke-I: physiological responses and safety results," Stroke, vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 2100-2106, 2006. (Pubitemid 44309911)
44. L. Belayev, Y. Liu, W. Zhao, R. Busto, and M. D. Ginsberg, "Human albumin therapy of acute ischemic stroke: marked neuroprotective efficacy at moderate doses and with a broad therapeutic window," Stroke, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 553-560, 2001. (Pubitemid 32155250)
45. J. E. Schnitzer, A. Sung, R. Horvat, and J. Bravo, "Preferential interaction of albumin-binding proteins, gp30 and gp18, with conformationally modified albumins. Presence in many cells and tissues with a possible role in catabolism," Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 267, no. 34, pp. 24544-24553, 1992.
46. P. He and F. E. Curry, "Albumin modulation of capillary permeability: role of endothelial cell [Ca2+](i)," American Journal of Physiology, vol. 265, no. 1, pp. H74-H82, 1993. (Pubitemid 23224692)
47. L. Ghitescu, A. Fixman, M. Simionescu, and N. Simionescu, "Specific binding sites for albumin restricted to plasmalemmal vesicles of continuous capillary endothelium: receptormediated transcytosis," Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 102, no. 4, pp. 1304-1311, 1986. (Pubitemid 16038074)
48. J. E. Schnitzer, "Gp60 is an albumin-binding glycoprotein expressed by continuous endothelium involved in albumin transcytosis," American Journal of Physiology, vol. 262, no. 1, pp. H246-H254, 1992.
49. J. E. Schnitzer and P. Oh, "Antibodies to SPARC inhibit albumin binding to SPARC, gp60, and microvascular endothelium," American Journal of Physiology, vol. 263, no. 6, pp. H1872-H1879, 1992. (Pubitemid 23030742)
50. W. H. Reinhart and C. Nagy, "Albumin affects erythrocyte aggregation and sedimentation," European Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 523-528, 1995.
51. J. F. Keaney Jr., D. I. Simon, J. S. Stamler et al., "NO forms an adduct with serum albumin that has endotheliumderived relaxing factor-like properties," Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 91, no. 4, pp. 1582-1589, 1993. (Pubitemid 23127360)
52. N. Maalej, R. Albrecht, J. Loscalzo, and J. D. Folts, "The potent platelet inhibitory effects of S-nitrosated albumin coating of artificial surfaces," Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 1408-1414, 1999.
53. P. W. Huh, L. Belayev, W. Zhao, R. Busto, I. Saul, and M. D. Ginsberg, "The effect of high-dose albumin therapy on local cerebral perfusion after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats," Brain Research, vol. 804, no. 1, pp. 105-113, 1998. (Pubitemid 28410484)
54. L. Belayev, E. Pinard, H. Nallet et al., "Albumin therapy of transient focal cerebral ischemia: in vivo analysis of dynamic microvascular responses," Stroke, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 1077-1084, 2002. (Pubitemid 34293595)
55. V. Ramaswamy, V.Mehta, M. Bauman, L. Richer, P.Massicotte, and J. Y. Yager, "Decompressive hemicraniectomy in children with severe ischemic stroke and life-threatening cerebral edema," Journal of Child Neurology, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 889-894, 2008.
56. R. A. Reinhart, "Clinical correlates of the molecular and cellular actions of magnesium on the cardiovascular system," American Heart Journal, vol. 121, no. 5, pp. 1513-1521, 1991.
57. F. A. X. Schanne, R. K. Gupta, and P. K. Stanton, "31P-NMR study of transient ischemia in rat hippocampal slices in vitro," Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol. 1158, no. 3, pp. 257-263, 1993.
58. B. M. Altura, R. L. Barbour, T. L. Dowd, F.Wu, B. T. Altura, and R. K. Gupta, "Low extracellular magnesium induces intracellular free Mg deficits, ischemia, depletion of highenergy phosphates and cardiac failure in intact working rat hearts: A 31P-NMR study," Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol. 1182, no. 3, pp. 329-332, 1993. (Pubitemid 23310061)
59. L. Nowak, P. Bregestovski, P. Ascher, A. Herbet, and A. Prochiantz, "Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurones," Nature, vol. 307, no. 5950, pp. 462-465, 1984. (Pubitemid 14132062)
60. N. L. Harrison and M. A. Simmonds, "Quantitative studies on some antagonists of N-methyl D-aspartate in slices of rat cerebral cortex," British Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 84, no. 2, pp. 381-391, 1985. (Pubitemid 15169227)
61. P. K. Stys, B. R. Ransom, and S. G. Waxman, "Effects of polyvalent cations and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers on recovery of CNS white matter from anoxia," Neuroscience Letters, vol. 115, no. 2-3, pp. 293-299, 1990. (Pubitemid 20231630)
62. Y. Izumi, S. Roussel, E. Pinard, and J. Seylaz, "Reduction of infarct volume by magnesium after middle cerebralartery occlusion in rats," Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1025-1030, 1991.