메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 555-564

Pedunculopontine nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease

Author keywords

Deep brain stimulation; Parkinson's disease; Pedunculopontine nucleus

Indexed keywords

FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE F 18; LEVODOPA;

EID: 80052556263     PISSN: 17341922     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2011.24119     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (28)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 33745919520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease
    • de Lau LM, Breteler MM. Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol 2006; 5: 525-35.
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol , vol.5 , pp. 525-535
    • De Lau, L.M.1    Breteler, M.M.2
  • 3
    • 0025086894 scopus 로고
    • Variable expression of Parkinson's disease: A base-line analysis of the DATATOP cohort
    • The Parkinson Study Group
    • Jankovic J, McDermott M, Carter J. Variable expression of Parkinson's disease: a base-line analysis of the DATATOP cohort. The Parkinson Study Group. Neurology 1990; 40: 1529-34.
    • (1990) Neurology , vol.40 , pp. 1529-1534
    • Jankovic, J.1    McDermott, M.2    Carter, J.3
  • 4
    • 0027416163 scopus 로고
    • Prognostic significance of the onset mode in parkinsonism
    • Rajput AH, Pahwa R, Pahwa P, et al. Prognostic significance of the onset mode in parkinsonism. Neurology 1993; 43: 829-30.
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 829-830
    • Rajput, A.H.1    Pahwa, R.2    Pahwa, P.3
  • 5
    • 0023784368 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of clinical and pathological features of young- and old-onset Parkinson's disease
    • Gibb WRG, Lees AJ. A comparison of clinical and pathological features of young- and old-onset Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1988; 38: 1402-6.
    • (1988) Neurology , vol.38 , pp. 1402-1406
    • Gibb, W.R.G.1    Lees, A.J.2
  • 6
    • 0000195940 scopus 로고
    • Control of gait initiation
    • Brenière Y, Do MC. Control of gait initiation. J Mot Behav 1991; 23: 235-40.
    • (1991) J Mot Behav , vol.23 , pp. 235-240
    • Brenière, Y.1    Do, M.C.2
  • 7
    • 0030929535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dichgans gait initiation in Parkinson's disease
    • Rosin R, Topka H. Dichgans gait initiation in Parkinson's disease. J Mov Disord 1997; 12: 682-90.
    • (1997) J Mov Disord , vol.12 , pp. 682-690
    • Rosin, R.1    Topka, H.2
  • 8
    • 0025766032 scopus 로고
    • The pedunculopontine nucleus
    • Garcia-Rill E. The pedunculopontine nucleus. Prog Neurobiol 1991; 36: 363-89.
    • (1991) Prog Neurobiol , vol.36 , pp. 363-389
    • Garcia-Rill, E.1
  • 9
    • 38949184227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pedunculopontine nucleus and movement disorders: Anatomy and the role for deep brain stimulation
    • Hamani C, Stone S, Laxton A. The pedunculopontine nucleus and movement disorders: anatomy and the role for deep brain stimulation. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007; 13 Suppl 3: S276-80.
    • (2007) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.13 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Hamani, C.1    Stone, S.2    Laxton, A.3
  • 11
    • 0021044702 scopus 로고
    • Central cholinergic pathways in the rat: An overview based on an alternative nomenclature (Ch1-Ch6)
    • Mesulam MM, Mufson EJ, Wainer BH, et al. Central cholinergic pathways in the rat: an overview based on an alternative nomenclature (Ch1-Ch6). Neuroscience 1983; 10: 1185-201.
    • (1983) Neuroscience , vol.10 , pp. 1185-1201
    • Mesulam, M.M.1    Mufson, E.J.2    Wainer, B.H.3
  • 12
    • 0042318543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nigral GABAergic inhibition upon cholinergic neurons in the rat pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
    • Saitoh K, Hattori S, Song WJ. Nigral GABAergic inhibition upon cholinergic neurons in the rat pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus. Eur J Neurosci 2003; 18: 879-86.
    • (2003) Eur J Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 879-886
    • Saitoh, K.1    Hattori, S.2    Song, W.J.3
  • 13
    • 0037063695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunostaining of cholinergic pontomesencephalic neurons for alpha 1 versus alpha 2 adrenergic receptors suggests different sleep-wake state activities and roles
    • Hou YP, Manns ID, Jones BE. Immunostaining of cholinergic pontomesencephalic neurons for alpha 1 versus alpha 2 adrenergic receptors suggests different sleep-wake state activities and roles. Neuroscience 2002; 114: 517-21.
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.114 , pp. 517-521
    • Hou, Y.P.1    Manns, I.D.2    Jones, B.E.3
  • 14
    • 0025943813 scopus 로고
    • Network modulation of a slow intrinsic oscillation of cat thalamocortical neurons implicated in sleep delta waves: Cortically induced synchronization and brainstem cholinergic suppression
    • Steriade M, Dossi RC, Nuñez A. Network modulation of a slow intrinsic oscillation of cat thalamocortical neurons implicated in sleep delta waves: cortically induced synchronization and brainstem cholinergic suppression. J Neurosci 1991; 11: 3200-17.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 3200-3217
    • Steriade, M.1    Dossi, R.C.2    Nuñez, A.3
  • 15
    • 0018413247 scopus 로고
    • Projections of precentral and premotor cortex to the red nucleus and other midbrain areas in Macaca fascicularis
    • Monakow KH, Akert K, Künzle H. Projections of precentral and premotor cortex to the red nucleus and other midbrain areas in Macaca fascicularis. Exp Brain Res 1979; 34: 91-105.
    • (1979) Exp Brain Res , vol.34 , pp. 91-105
    • Monakow, K.H.1    Akert, K.2    Künzle, H.3
  • 16
    • 0020421621 scopus 로고
    • The projections of the ventral tegmental area and adjacent regions: A combined fluorescent retrograde tracer and immunofluorescence study in the rat
    • Swanson LW. The projections of the ventral tegmental area and adjacent regions: a combined fluorescent retrograde tracer and immunofluorescence study in the rat. Brain Res Bull 1982; 9: 321-53.
    • (1982) Brain Res Bull , vol.9 , pp. 321-353
    • Swanson, L.W.1
  • 17
    • 0028358247 scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: Projections to the basal ganglia as revealed by anterograde tract-tracing methods
    • Lavoie B, Parent A. Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: projections to the basal ganglia as revealed by anterograde tract-tracing methods. J Comp Neurol 1994; 344: 210-31.
    • (1994) J Comp Neurol , vol.344 , pp. 210-231
    • Lavoie, B.1    Parent, A.2
  • 18
    • 0026543614 scopus 로고
    • Separate neuronal populations of the rat globus pallidus projecting to the subthalamic nucleus, auditory cortex and pedunculopontine tegmental area
    • Moriizumi T, Hattori T. Separate neuronal populations of the rat globus pallidus projecting to the subthalamic nucleus, auditory cortex and pedunculopontine tegmental area. Neuroscience 1992; 46: 701-10.
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.46 , pp. 701-710
    • Moriizumi, T.1    Hattori, T.2
  • 19
    • 0026721398 scopus 로고
    • Afferent projections to the cholinergic pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent midbrain extrapyramidal area in the albino rat. I. Retrograde tracing studies
    • Steininger TL, Rye DB, Wainer BH. Afferent projections to the cholinergic pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and adjacent midbrain extrapyramidal area in the albino rat. I. Retrograde tracing studies. J Comp Neurol 1992; 321: 515-43.
    • (1992) J Comp Neurol , vol.321 , pp. 515-543
    • Steininger, T.L.1    Rye, D.B.2    Wainer, B.H.3
  • 20
    • 0020606234 scopus 로고
    • The afferent and efferent connections of the feline nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus, pars compacta
    • Edley SM, Graybiel AM. The afferent and efferent connections of the feline nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus, pars compacta. AM J Comp Neurol 1983; 217: 187-215.
    • (1983) AM J Comp Neurol , vol.217 , pp. 187-215
    • Edley, S.M.1    Graybiel, A.M.2
  • 21
    • 0020583216 scopus 로고
    • Anatomical and electrophysiological studies on the reciprocal projections between the subthalamic nucleus and nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus in the rat
    • Hammond C, Rouzaire-Dubois B, Féger J, et al. Anatomical and electrophysiological studies on the reciprocal projections between the subthalamic nucleus and nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus in the rat. Neuroscience 1983; 9: 41-52.
    • (1983) Neuroscience , vol.9 , pp. 41-52
    • Hammond, C.1    Rouzaire-Dubois, B.2    Féger, J.3
  • 22
    • 8144226854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of c-fos in specific thalamic nuclei following stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
    • Ainge JA, Jenkins TA, Winn P. Induction of c-fos in specific thalamic nuclei following stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus. Eur J Neurosci 2004; 20: 1827-37.
    • (2004) Eur J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 1827-1837
    • Ainge, J.A.1    Jenkins, T.A.2    Winn, P.3
  • 24
    • 49449089947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic modulation of midbrain dopaminergic systems
    • Mena-Segovia J, Winn P, Bolam JP. Cholinergic modulation of midbrain dopaminergic systems. Brain Res Rev 2008; 58: 265-71.
    • (2008) Brain Res Rev , vol.58 , pp. 265-271
    • Mena-Segovia, J.1    Winn, P.2    Bolam, J.P.3
  • 25
    • 0029056296 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of pontomesencephalic cholinergic neurons projecting to substantia nigra differs significantly from those projecting to ventral tegmental area
    • Oakman SA, Faris PL, Kerr PE. Distribution of pontomesencephalic cholinergic neurons projecting to substantia nigra differs significantly from those projecting to ventral tegmental area. J Neurosci 1995; 15: 5859-69.
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 5859-5869
    • Oakman, S.A.1    Faris, P.L.2    Kerr, P.E.3
  • 26
    • 0025553325 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor projections from the pedunculopontine nucleus to the medioventral medulla
    • Skinner RD, Kinjo N, Ishikawa Y, et al. Locomotor projections from the pedunculopontine nucleus to the medioventral medulla. Neuroreport 1990; 1: 207-10.
    • (1990) Neuroreport , vol.1 , pp. 207-210
    • Skinner, R.D.1    Kinjo, N.2    Ishikawa, Y.3
  • 27
    • 0030786583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus issues collaterals to the fastigial nucleus and rostral ventrolateral reticular nucleus in the rat
    • Ruggiero DA, Anwar M, Golanov EV, et al. The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus issues collaterals to the fastigial nucleus and rostral ventrolateral reticular nucleus in the rat. Brain Res 1997; 760: 272-6.
    • (1997) Brain Res , vol.760 , pp. 272-276
    • Ruggiero, D.A.1    Anwar, M.2    Golanov, E.V.3
  • 28
    • 35148839476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connectivity of the human pedunculopontine nucleus region and diffusion tensor imaging in surgical targeting
    • Muthusamy KA, Aravamuthan BR, Kringelbach ML, et al. Connectivity of the human pedunculopontine nucleus region and diffusion tensor imaging in surgical targeting. Neurosurgery 2007; 107: 814-20.
    • (2007) Neurosurgery , vol.107 , pp. 814-820
    • Muthusamy, K.A.1    Aravamuthan, B.R.2    Kringelbach, M.L.3
  • 29
    • 58149233897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anatomy and localization of the pedunculopontine nucleus determined using probabilistic diffusion tractography
    • Aravamuthan BR, Stein JF, Aziz TZ. The anatomy and localization of the pedunculopontine nucleus determined using probabilistic diffusion tractography. Br J Neurosurg 2008; 22 Suppl 1: S25-32.
    • (2008) Br J Neurosurg , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Aravamuthan, B.R.1    Stein, J.F.2    Aziz, T.Z.3
  • 30
    • 78650681586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gait-related cerebral alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait
    • Snijders AH, Leunissen I, Bakker M, et al. Gait-related cerebral alterations in patients with Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait. Brain 2011; 134: 59-72.
    • (2011) Brain , vol.134 , pp. 59-72
    • Snijders, A.H.1    Leunissen, I.2    Bakker, M.3
  • 31
    • 0032767876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying gait disturbance in Parkinson's disease: A single photon emission computed tomography study
    • Hanakawa T, Katsumi Y, Fukuyama H, et al. Mechanisms underlying gait disturbance in Parkinson's disease: a single photon emission computed tomography study. Brain 1999; 122: 1271-82.
    • (1999) Brain , vol.122 , pp. 1271-1282
    • Hanakawa, T.1    Katsumi, Y.2    Fukuyama, H.3
  • 32
    • 0029133449 scopus 로고
    • Self-initiated versus externally triggered movements. I. An investigation using measurement of regional cerebral blood flow with PET and movement-related potentials in normal and Parkison's disease subjects
    • Jahanshahi M, Jenkins IH, Brown RG, et al. Self-initiated versus externally triggered movements. I. An investigation using measurement of regional cerebral blood flow with PET and movement-related potentials in normal and Parkison's disease subjects. Brain 1995; 118: 913-33.
    • (1995) Brain , vol.118 , pp. 913-933
    • Jahanshahi, M.1    Jenkins, I.H.2    Brown, R.G.3
  • 33
    • 77955290361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic mesencephalic neurons are involved in gait and postural disorders in Parkinson disease
    • Karachi C, Grabli D, Bernard FA, et al. Cholinergic mesencephalic neurons are involved in gait and postural disorders in Parkinson disease. J Clin Invest 2010; 120: 2745-54.
    • (2010) J Clin Invest , vol.120 , pp. 2745-2754
    • Karachi, C.1    Grabli, D.2    Bernard, F.A.3
  • 34
    • 0026609897 scopus 로고
    • Chronic stimulation of the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus region for relief of intractable pain in humans
    • Young RF, Tronnier V, Rinaldi PC. Chronic stimulation of the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus region for relief of intractable pain in humans. J Neurosurg 1992; 76: 979-85.
    • (1992) J Neurosurg , vol.76 , pp. 979-985
    • Young, R.F.1    Tronnier, V.2    Rinaldi, P.C.3
  • 35
    • 0023716457 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of rhythmic function in the posterior midbrain
    • Garcia-Rill E, Skinner RD. Modulation of rhythmic function in the posterior midbrain. Neuroscience 1988; 27: 639-54.
    • (1988) Neuroscience , vol.27 , pp. 639-654
    • Garcia-Rill, E.1    Skinner, R.D.2
  • 36
    • 0031860819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of descending basal ganglia connections to the brain stem in parkinsonian akinesia
    • Aziz TZ, Davies L, Stein J, et al. The role of descending basal ganglia connections to the brain stem in parkinsonian akinesia. Br J Neurosurg 1998; 12: 245-9.
    • (1998) Br J Neurosurg , vol.12 , pp. 245-249
    • Aziz, T.Z.1    Davies, L.2    Stein, J.3
  • 37
    • 0028825871 scopus 로고
    • The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: Where the striatum meets the reticular formation
    • Inglis WL, Winn P. The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: where the striatum meets the reticular formation. Prog Neurobiol 1995; 47: 1-29.
    • (1995) Prog Neurobiol , vol.47 , pp. 1-29
    • Inglis, W.L.1    Winn, P.2
  • 38
    • 0027972008 scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia and adaptive motor control
    • Graybiel AM, Aosaki T, Flaherty AW, et al. The basal ganglia and adaptive motor control. Science 1994; 265: 1826-31.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 1826-1831
    • Graybiel, A.M.1    Aosaki, T.2    Flaherty, A.W.3
  • 39
    • 78349310688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-stimulation PPN connectivity chronic pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation restores functional connectivity
    • Schweder PM, Joint C, Hansen PC, Green AL, Quaghebeur G, Aziz TZ. Post-stimulation PPN connectivity chronic pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation restores functional connectivity. Neuroreport 2010; 21: 1065-8.
    • (2010) Neuroreport , vol.21 , pp. 1065-1068
    • Schweder, P.M.1    Joint, C.2    Hansen, P.C.3    Green, A.L.4    Quaghebeur, G.5    Aziz, T.Z.6
  • 40
    • 77956410001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FOG patients showed connectivity of the pedunculopontine nucleus in parkinsonian freezing of gait
    • Schweder PM, Hansen PC, Green AL, Quaghebeur G, Stein J, Aziz TZ. FOG patients showed connectivity of the pedunculopontine nucleus in parkinsonian freezing of gait. Neuroreport 2010; 21: 914-6.
    • (2010) Neuroreport , vol.21 , pp. 914-916
    • Schweder, P.M.1    Hansen, P.C.2    Green, A.L.3    Quaghebeur, G.4    Stein, J.5    Aziz, T.Z.6
  • 41
    • 77952970323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep brain stimulation of pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) promotes cognitive and metabolic changes: A target-specific effect or response to a low-frequency pattern of stimulation?
    • Stefani A, Pierantozzi M, Ceravolo R, Brusa L, Galati S, Stanzione P. Deep brain stimulation of pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) promotes cognitive and metabolic changes: a target-specific effect or response to a low-frequency pattern of stimulation? Clin EEG Neurosci 2010; 41: 82-6.
    • (2010) Clin EEG Neurosci , vol.41 , pp. 82-86
    • Stefani, A.1    Pierantozzi, M.2    Ceravolo, R.3    Brusa, L.4    Galati, S.5    Stanzione, P.6
  • 42
    • 72549084973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow changes induced by pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease: A [(15)O] H2O PET study
    • Ballanger B, Lozano AM, Moro E, et al. Cerebral blood flow changes induced by pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease: a [(15)O] H2O PET study. Hum Brain Mapp 2009; 30: 3901-9.
    • (2009) Hum Brain Mapp , vol.30 , pp. 3901-3909
    • Ballanger, B.1    Lozano, A.M.2    Moro, E.3
  • 43
    • 70349252022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic modulation of GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission in the dorsal subcoeruleus: Mechanisms for REM sleep control
    • Heister DS, Hayar A, Garcia-Rill E. Cholinergic modulation of GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission in the dorsal subcoeruleus: mechanisms for REM sleep control. Sleep 2009; 32: 1135-47.
    • (2009) Sleep , vol.32 , pp. 1135-1147
    • Heister, D.S.1    Hayar, A.2    Garcia-Rill, E.3
  • 44
    • 0027768755 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus are involved in the mediation of prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response in the rat
    • Koch M, Kungel M, Herbert H. Cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus are involved in the mediation of prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response in the rat. Exp Brain Res 1993; 97: 71-82.
    • (1993) Exp Brain Res , vol.97 , pp. 71-82
    • Koch, M.1    Kungel, M.2    Herbert, H.3
  • 45
    • 1842269379 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal loss in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in Parkinson disease and in progressive supranuclear palsy
    • Hirsch EC, Graybiel AM, Duyckaerts C, Javoy-Agid F. Neuronal loss in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in Parkinson disease and in progressive supranuclear palsy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987; 84: 5976-80.
    • (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.84 , pp. 5976-5980
    • Hirsch, E.C.1    Graybiel, A.M.2    Duyckaerts, C.3    Javoy-Agid, F.4
  • 46
    • 0028285389 scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: Cholinergic and glutamatergic projections to the substantia nigra
    • Lavoie B, Parent A. Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: cholinergic and glutamatergic projections to the substantia nigra. J Comp Neurol 1994; 344: 232-41.
    • (1994) J Comp Neurol , vol.344 , pp. 232-241
    • Lavoie, B.1    Parent, A.2
  • 47
    • 0030998241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efferent connections of the internal globus pallidus in the squirrel monkey: II. Topography and synaptic organization of pallidal efferents to the pedunculopontine nucleus
    • Shink E, Sidibé M, Smith Y. Efferent connections of the internal globus pallidus in the squirrel monkey: II. Topography and synaptic organization of pallidal efferents to the pedunculopontine nucleus. J Comp Neurol 1997; 382: 348-63.
    • (1997) J Comp Neurol , vol.382 , pp. 348-363
    • Shink, E.1    Sidibé, M.2    Smith, Y.3
  • 48
    • 77957267178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the human pedunculopontine nucleus region in voluntary movements
    • Tsang EW, Hamani C, Moro E, et al. Involvement of the human pedunculopontine nucleus region in voluntary movements. Neurology 2010; 75: 950-9.
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.75 , pp. 950-959
    • Tsang, E.W.1    Hamani, C.2    Moro, E.3
  • 49
    • 0028284299 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological evaluation of the cholinergic system in progressive supranuclear palsy
    • Litvan I, Blesa R, Clark K, et al. Pharmacological evaluation of the cholinergic system in progressive supranuclear palsy. Ann Neurol 1994; 36: 55-61.
    • (1994) Ann Neurol , vol.36 , pp. 55-61
    • Litvan, I.1    Blesa, R.2    Clark, K.3
  • 51
    • 59849112382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of ataxia and imbalance with varenicline (Chantix): Report of 2 patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (types 3 and 14)
    • Zesiewicz TA, Sullivan KL. Treatment of ataxia and imbalance with varenicline (Chantix): report of 2 patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (types 3 and 14). Clin Neuropharmacol 2008; 31: 363-5.
    • (2008) Clin Neuropharmacol , vol.31 , pp. 363-365
    • Zesiewicz, T.A.1    Sullivan, K.L.2
  • 52
    • 33748357972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in motor subtype and risk for incident dementia in Parkinson's disease
    • Alves G, Larsen JP, Emre M, Wentzel-Larsen T, Aarsland D. Changes in motor subtype and risk for incident dementia in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2006; 21: 1123-30.
    • (2006) Mov Disord , vol.21 , pp. 1123-1130
    • Alves, G.1    Larsen, J.P.2    Emre, M.3    Wentzel-Larsen, T.4    Aarsland, D.5
  • 53
    • 56749091573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor attentional function predicts cognitive decline in patients with non-demented Parkinson's disease independent of motor phenotype
    • Taylor JP, Rowan EN, Lett D, O'Brien JT, McKeith IG, Burn DJ. Poor attentional function predicts cognitive decline in patients with non-demented Parkinson's disease independent of motor phenotype. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79: 1318-23.
    • (2008) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.79 , pp. 1318-1323
    • Taylor, J.P.1    Rowan, E.N.2    Lett, D.3    O'Brien, J.T.4    McKeith, I.G.5    Burn, D.J.6
  • 54
    • 11144245084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation improves akinesia in a Parkinsonian monkey
    • Jenkinson N, Nandi D, Miall RC, Stein JF, Aziz TZ. Pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation improves akinesia in a Parkinsonian monkey. Neuroreport 2004; 15: 2621-4.
    • (2004) Neuroreport , vol.15 , pp. 2621-2624
    • Jenkinson, N.1    Nandi, D.2    Miall, R.C.3    Stein, J.F.4    Aziz, T.Z.5
  • 55
    • 33750285682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lesion of the pedunculopontine nucleus reverses hyperactivity of the subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra pars reticulata in a 6-hydroxydopamine rat model
    • Breit S, Lessmann L, Unterbrink D, Popa RC, Gasser T, Schulz JB. Lesion of the pedunculopontine nucleus reverses hyperactivity of the subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra pars reticulata in a 6-hydroxydopamine rat model. Eur J Neurosci 2006; 24: 2275-82.
    • (2006) Eur J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 2275-2282
    • Breit, S.1    Lessmann, L.2    Unterbrink, D.3    Popa, R.C.4    Gasser, T.5    Schulz, J.B.6
  • 56
    • 77949570139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of deep brain stimulation in the pedunculopontine nucleus on motor function in the rat 6-hydroxydopamine Parkinson model
    • Rauch F, Schwabe K, Krauss JK. Effect of deep brain stimulation in the pedunculopontine nucleus on motor function in the rat 6-hydroxydopamine Parkinson model. Behav Brain Res 2010; 210: 46-53.
    • (2010) Behav Brain Res , vol.210 , pp. 46-53
    • Rauch, F.1    Schwabe, K.2    Krauss, J.K.3
  • 57
    • 0036846743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of akinesia in experimental parkinsonism by GABA antagonist microinjections in the pedunculopontine nucleus
    • Nandi D, Aziz TZ, Giladi N, Winter J, Stein JF. Reversal of akinesia in experimental parkinsonism by GABA antagonist microinjections in the pedunculopontine nucleus. Brain 2002; 125: 2418-30.
    • (2002) Brain , vol.125 , pp. 2418-2430
    • Nandi, D.1    Aziz, T.Z.2    Giladi, N.3    Winter, J.4    Stein, J.F.5
  • 58
    • 27844511544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implantation of human pedunculopontine nucleus: A safe and clinically relevant target in Parkinson's disease
    • Mazzone P, Lozano A, Stanzione P, et al. Implantation of human pedunculopontine nucleus: a safe and clinically relevant target in Parkinson's disease. Neuroreport 2005; 16: 1877-81.
    • (2005) Neuroreport , vol.16 , pp. 1877-1881
    • Mazzone, P.1    Lozano, A.2    Stanzione, P.3
  • 59
    • 27844439471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine nucleus for Parkinson's disease
    • Plaha P, Gill SS. Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine nucleus for Parkinson's disease. Neuroreport 2005; 16: 1883-7.
    • (2005) Neuroreport , vol.16 , pp. 1883-1887
    • Plaha, P.1    Gill, S.S.2
  • 60
    • 34250796156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine and subthalamic nuclei in severe Parkinson's disease
    • Stefani A, Lozano AM, Peppe A, et al. Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine and subthalamic nuclei in severe Parkinson's disease. Brain 2007; 130: 1596-607.
    • (2007) Brain , vol.130 , pp. 1596-1607
    • Stefani, A.1    Lozano, A.M.2    Peppe, A.3
  • 61
    • 74249098250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of pedunculopontine nucleus area stimulation on gait disorders in Parkinson's disease
    • Ferraye MU, Debû B, Fraix V, et al. Effects of pedunculopontine nucleus area stimulation on gait disorders in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2010; 133: 205-14.
    • (2010) Brain , vol.133 , pp. 205-214
    • Ferraye, M.U.1    Debû, B.2    Fraix, V.3
  • 62
    • 74149085068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor and non-motor effects on PPN DBS in PD patients: Insights form intra-operative electrophysiology
    • Stefani A, Galati S, Pierantozzi M, et al. Motor and non-motor effects on PPN DBS in PD patients: insights form intra-operative electrophysiology. The Basal Ganglia IX, 2009; 58: 573-8.
    • (2009) The Basal Ganglia IX , vol.58 , pp. 573-578
    • Stefani, A.1    Galati, S.2    Pierantozzi, M.3
  • 63
    • 44749090395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine nucleus deep brain stimulation changes spinal cord excitability in Parkinson's disease patients
    • Pierantozzi M, Palmieri MG, Galati S, et al. Pedunculopontine nucleus deep brain stimulation changes spinal cord excitability in Parkinson's disease patients. J Neural Transm 2008; 115: 731-5.
    • (2008) J Neural Transm , vol.115 , pp. 731-735
    • Pierantozzi, M.1    Palmieri, M.G.2    Galati, S.3
  • 64
    • 72549084973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow changes induced by pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease: A [(15)O] H2O PET study
    • Ballanger B, Lozano AM, Moro E, et al. Cerebral blood flow changes induced by pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease: a [(15)O] H2O PET study. Hum Brain Mapp 2009; 30: 3901-9.
    • (2009) Hum Brain Mapp , vol.30 , pp. 3901-3909
    • Ballanger, B.1    Lozano, A.M.2    Moro, E.3
  • 65
    • 73449098921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural stem cell therapy in neurological diseases
    • Uyanikgil Y, Balcioglu HA. Neural stem cell therapy in neurological diseases. Arch Med Sci 2009; 5: 296-302.
    • (2009) Arch Med Sci , vol.5 , pp. 296-302
    • Uyanikgil, Y.1    Balcioglu, H.A.2
  • 66
    • 77957731467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene therapy for Parkinson's disease: From non-human primates to humans
    • Fiandaca MS, Bankiewicz KS. Gene therapy for Parkinson's disease: from non-human primates to humans. Curr Opin Mol Ther 2010; 12: 519-29.
    • (2010) Curr Opin Mol Ther , vol.12 , pp. 519-529
    • Fiandaca, M.S.1    Bankiewicz, K.S.2
  • 67
    • 0035826089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transplantation of embryonic dopamine neurons for severe Parkinson's disease
    • Freed CR, Greene PE, Breeze RE, et al. Transplantation of embryonic dopamine neurons for severe Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 710-9.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 710-719
    • Freed, C.R.1    Greene, P.E.2    Breeze, R.E.3
  • 68
    • 60149088032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of grafted serotonin and dopamine neurons on development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias in parkinsonian rats is determined by the extent of dopamine neuron degeneration
    • Carlsson T, Carta M, Muñoz A, et al. Impact of grafted serotonin and dopamine neurons on development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias in parkinsonian rats is determined by the extent of dopamine neuron degeneration. Brain 2009; 132: 319-35.
    • (2009) Brain , vol.132 , pp. 319-335
    • Carlsson, T.1    Carta, M.2    Muñoz, A.3
  • 69
    • 78349247631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene delivery of AAV2-neurturin for Parkinson's disease: A double-blind, randomised, controlled trial
    • Marks WJ Jr, Bartus RT, Siffert J, et al. Gene delivery of AAV2-neurturin for Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9: 1164-72.
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 1164-1172
    • Marks Jr., W.J.1    Bartus, R.T.2    Siffert, J.3
  • 70
    • 41949110690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of intraputaminal delivery of CERE-120 (adeno-associated virus serotype 2-neurturin) to patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease: An open-label, phase I trial
    • Marks WJ Jr, Ostrem JL, Verhagen L, et al. Safety and tolerability of intraputaminal delivery of CERE-120 (adeno-associated virus serotype 2-neurturin) to patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease: an open-label, phase I trial. Lancet Neurol 2008; 7: 400-8.
    • (2008) Lancet Neurol , vol.7 , pp. 400-408
    • Marks Jr., W.J.1    Ostrem, J.L.2    Verhagen, L.3
  • 71
    • 71849111470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of the hippocampus using images obtained from 7.0 T MRI
    • Cho ZH, Han JY, Hwang SI, et al. Quantitative analysis of the hippocampus using images obtained from 7.0 T MRI. Neuroimage 2010; 49: 2134-40.
    • (2010) Neuroimage , vol.49 , pp. 2134-2140
    • Cho, Z.H.1    Han, J.Y.2    Hwang, S.I.3
  • 72
    • 70349901058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration System for intraoperative neurochemical monitoring using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry
    • Bledsoe JM, Kimble CJ, Covey DP, et al. Development of the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration System for intraoperative neurochemical monitoring using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. J Neurosurg 2009; 111: 712-23.
    • (2009) J Neurosurg , vol.111 , pp. 712-723
    • Bledsoe, J.M.1    Kimble, C.J.2    Covey, D.P.3
  • 73
    • 77954007944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuromodulation: Advances in the next five years
    • Andrews RJ. Neuromodulation: advances in the next five years. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1199: 204-11.
    • (2010) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1199 , pp. 204-211
    • Andrews, R.J.1
  • 74
    • 74249114408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unilateral pedunculopontine stimulation improves falls in Par kinson's disease
    • Moro E, Hamani C, Poon YY, et al. Unilateral pedunculopontine stimulation improves falls in Par kinson's disease. Brain 2010; 133: 215-24.
    • (2010) Brain , vol.133 , pp. 215-224
    • Moro, E.1    Hamani, C.2    Poon, Y.Y.3
  • 75
    • 58149239792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine nucleus in Parkinson's disease. Preliminary experience at Oxford
    • Pereira EA, Muthusamy KA, De Pennington N, et al. Deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine nucleus in Parkinson's disease. Preliminary experience at Oxford. Br J Neurosurg 2008; 22 Suppl 1: S41-4.
    • (2008) Br J Neurosurg , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Pereira, E.A.1    Muthusamy, K.A.2    De Pennington, N.3
  • 76
    • 78149452555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmentum and subthalamic nucleus: Effects on gait in Parkinson's disease
    • Peppe A, Pierantozzi M, Chiavalon C, et al. Deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmentum and subthalamic nucleus: effects on gait in Parkinson's disease. Gait Posture 2010; 32: 512-8.
    • (2010) Gait Posture , vol.32 , pp. 512-518
    • Peppe, A.1    Pierantozzi, M.2    Chiavalon, C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.