Evaluation of prognostic factors and their capacity to predict biological behavior in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

International Journal of Surgical Pathology

Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 448-461

  Calabuig Fariñas, Silvia ^a   López Guerrero, José Antonio ^b   Navarro, Samuel ^a   MacHado, Isidro ^a   Poveda, Andrés ^b   Pellín, Antonio ^a   Llombart Bosch, Antonio ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VALENCIA   (Spain)

^b INSTITUTO VALENCIANO DE ONCOLOGÍA   (Spain)

Author keywords

c KIT; gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST); mutations; PDGFR ; progression

Indexed keywords

IMATINIB; KI 67 ANTIGEN; PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA RECEPTOR; STEM CELL FACTOR; SUNITINIB; TUMOR MARKER;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CANCER SURGERY; CELL STRUCTURE; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC KIT; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOR; GENE MUTATION; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MESENCHYMOMA; MITOSIS INDEX; MITOSIS RATE; ONCOGENE C KIT; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PATHOLOGY; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; TUMOR LOCALIZATION; TUMOR VOLUME;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; DISEASE-FREE SURVIVAL; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS; HUMANS; INTESTINAL NEOPLASMS; KI-67 ANTIGEN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MITOTIC INDEX; MUTATION; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROGNOSIS; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT; RECEPTOR, PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA; STOMACH NEOPLASMS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 80052385322     PISSN: 10668969     EISSN: 19402465     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1066896911402327     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Rubin BP, Heinrich MC, Corless CL. Gastrointestinal stromal tumour. Lancet. 2007 ; 369: 1731-1741 (Pubitemid 46778870)
2. Miettinen M, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: review on morphology, molecular pathology, prognosis, and differential diagnosis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2006 ; 130: 1466-1478 (Pubitemid 44520713)
3. Fletcher CD, Berman JJ, Corless C, et al. Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a consensus approach. Hum Pathol. 2002 ; 33: 459-465 (Pubitemid 34747864)
4. Miettinen M, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: pathology and prognosis at different sites. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2006 ; 23: 70-83 (Pubitemid 44692418)
5. Hirota S, Isozaki K, Moriyama Y, et al. Gain-of-function mutations of c-kit in human gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science. 1998 ; 279: 577-580 (Pubitemid 28067289)
6. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Duensing A, et al. PDGFRA activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science. 2003 ; 299: 708-710 (Pubitemid 36159485)
7. Lasota J, Miettinen M. Clinical significance of oncogenic KIT and PDGFRA mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Histopathology. 2008 ; 53: 245-266
8. Lasota J, Corless CL, Heinrich MC, et al. Clinicopathologic profile of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) with primary KIT exon 13 or exon 17 mutations: a multicenter study on 54 cases. Mod Pathol. 2008 ; 21: 476-484 (Pubitemid 351441037)
9. Kinoshita K, Isozaki K, Hirota S, et al. c-kit gene mutation at exon 17 or 13 is very rare in sporadic gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2003 ; 18: 147-151 (Pubitemid 36349859)
10. Burger H, den Bakker MA, Kros JM, et al. Activating mutations in c-KIT and PDGFRalpha are exclusively found in gastrointestinal stromal tumors and not in other tumors overexpressing these imatinib mesylate target genes. Cancer Biol Ther. 2005 ; 4: 1270-1274
11. Eisenberg BL, Harris J, Blanke CD, et al. Phase II trial of neoadjuvant/adjuvant imatinib mesylate (IM) for advanced primary and metastatic/recurrent operable gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): early results of RTOG 0132/ACRIN 6665. J Surg Oncol. 2009 ; 99: 42-47
12. Joensuu H, Roberts PJ, Sarlomo-Rikala, M, et al. Effect of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 in a patient with a metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. N Engl J Med. 2001 ; 344: 1052-1056 (Pubitemid 32267975)
13. Heinrich MC, Corless, CL, Demetri GD, et al. Kinase mutations and imatinib response in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. J Clin Oncol. 2003 ; 21: 4342-4349 (Pubitemid 46621810)
14. Martin J, Poveda A, Liombart-Bosch A, et al. Deletions affecting codons 557-558 of the c-KIT gene indicate a poor prognosis in patients with completely resected gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a study by the Spanish Group for Sarcoma Research (GEIS). J Clin Oncol. 2005 ; 23: 6190-6198
15. Steigen SE, Bjerkehagen B, Haugland HK, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic markers for gastrointestinal stromal tumors in Norway. Mod Pathol. 2008 ; 21: 46-53
16. Sciot R, Debiec-Rychter M, Daugaard S, et al. Distribution and prognostic value of histopathologic data and immunohistochemical markers in gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs): An analysis of the EORTC phase III trial of treatment of metastatic GISTs with imatinib mesylate. Eur J Cancer. 2008 ; 44: 1855-1860
17. Dematteo RP, Gold JS, Saran L, et al. Tumor mitotic rate, size, and location independently predict recurrence after resection of primary gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Cancer. 2008 ; 112: 608-615 (Pubitemid 351186201)
18. Hsu KH, Yang TM, Shan YS, Lin PW. Tumor size is a major determinant of recurrence in patients with resectable gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Am J Surg. 2007 ; 194: 148-152
19. Alvarado-Cabrero I, Vázquez G, Sierra Santiesteban FI, Hernández-Hernández DM, Pompa AZ. Clinicopathologic study of 275 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: the experience at 3 large medical centers in Mexico. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2007 ; 11: 39-45 (Pubitemid 46127539)
20. Miettinen M, Makhlouf H, Sobin LH, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the jejunum and ileum: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 906 cases before imatinib with long-term follow-up. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006 ; 30: 477-489 (Pubitemid 43740149)
21. Miettinen, M, Sobin LH, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 1765 cases with long-term follow-up. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005 ; 29: 52-68 (Pubitemid 40023952)
22. Gold JS, Gönen M, Gutiérrez A, et al. Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for recurrence-free survival after complete surgical resection of localised primary gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a retrospective analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2009 ; 10: 1045-1052
23. Mucciarini C, Rossi, G, Bertolini F, et al. Incidence and clinicopathologic features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a population-based study. BMC Cancer. 2007 ; 7: 230
24. Yan H, Marchyettini P, Acherman YI, Gething SA, Brun E, Sugarbaker PH. Prognostic assessment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Am J Clin Oncol. 2003 ; 26: 221-228 (Pubitemid 36712631)
25. Reith JD, Goldblum JR, Lyles RH, Weiss SW. Extragastrointestinal (soft tissue) stromal tumors: an analysis of 48 cases with emphasis on histologic predictors of outcome. Mod Pathol. 2000 ; 13: 577-585 (Pubitemid 30332111)
26. Hou YY, Sun MH, Wei YK, et al. Clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic study of intra-abdomen extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi. 2003 ; 32: 422-426
27. Tsuura Y, Hiraki H, Watanabe K, et al. Preferential localization of c-kit product in tissue mast cells, basal cells of skin, epithelial cells of breast, small cell lung carcinoma and seminoma/dysgerminoma in human: immunohistochemical study on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Virchows Arch. 1994 ; 424: 135-141 (Pubitemid 24105555)
28. Blay JY, Bonvalot S, Casali P, et al. Consensus meeting for the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Ann Oncol. 2005 ; 16: 566-578
29. Medeiros F, Corless CL, Duensing A, et al. KIT-negative gastrointestinal stromal tumors: proof of concept and therapeutic implications. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004 ; 28: 889-894 (Pubitemid 38856844)
30. Debiec-Rychter M, Wasag B, Stul M, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) negative for KIT (CD117 antigen) immunoreactivity. J Pathol. 2004 ; 202: 430-438 (Pubitemid 38456161)
31. Kontogianni-Katsarou K, Lariou C, Tsompanaki E, et al. KIT-negative gastrointestinal stromal tumors with a long term follow-up: a new subgroup does exist. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 ; 13: 1098-1102 (Pubitemid 46511013)
32. Blay P, Astudillo A, Buesa JM, et al. Protein kinase C theta is highly expressed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors but not in other mesenchymal neoplasias. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 ; 10 (12, pt 1). 4089-4095 (Pubitemid 38812487)
33. West RB, Corless CL, Chen X, et al. The novel marker, DOG1, is expressed ubiquitously in gastrointestinal stromal tumors irrespective of KIT or PDGFRA mutation status. Am J Pathol. 2004 ; 165: 107-113 (Pubitemid 38821818)
34. Liegl B, Hornick JL, Corless CL, Fletcher CD. Monoclonal antibody DOG1.1 shows higher sensitivity than KIT in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, including unusual subtypes. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009 ; 33: 437-446
35. Gumurdulu D, Erdogan S, Kayaselcuk F, et al. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 ; 13: 426-431
36. Lasota J, Wasag B, Steigen SE, Limon J, Miettinen M. Improved detection of KIT exon 11 duplications in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Mol Diagn. 2007 ; 9: 89-94 (Pubitemid 47322018)
37. Steigen SE, Eide TJ, Wasag B, Lasota J, Miettinen M. Mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors-a population-based study from Northern Norway. APMIS. 2007 ; 115: 289-298 (Pubitemid 46743943)
38. Lasota J, Jasinski M, Sarloma-Rikala M, Miettinen M. Mutations in exon 11 of c-Kit occur preferentially in malignant versus benign gastrointestinal stromal tumors and do not occur in leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas. Am J Pathol. 1999 ; 154: 53-60 (Pubitemid 29031611)
39. Taniguchi M, Nishida T, Hirota S, et al. Effect of c-kit mutation on prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cancer Res. 1999 ; 59: 4297-4300 (Pubitemid 29418746)
40. Wardelmann E, Losen I, Hans V, et al. Deletion of Trp-557 and Lys-558 in the juxtamembrane domain of the c-kit protooncogene is associated with metastatic behavior of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Int J Cancer. 2003 ; 106: 887-895 (Pubitemid 37071667)
41. Andersson J, Bümming P, Meis-Kindblom JM, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors with KIT exon 11 deletions are associated with poor prognosis. Gastroenterology. 2006 ; 130: 1573-1581 (Pubitemid 43668833)
42. Lasota J, vel Dobosz AJ, Wasag B, et al. Presence of homozygous KIT exon 11 mutations is strongly associated with malignant clinical behavior in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Lab Invest. 2007 ; 87: 1029-1041 (Pubitemid 47429185)
43. Chen LL, Holden JA, Choi H, et al. Evolution from heterozygous to homozygous KIT mutation in gastrointestinal stromal tumor correlates with the mechanism of mitotic nondisjunction and significant tumor progression. Mod Pathol. 2008 ; 21: 826-836 (Pubitemid 351896656)
44. Ernst SI, Hubbs AE, Przygodzki RM, Emory TS, Sobin LH, O'Leary TJ. KIT mutation portends poor prognosis in gastrointestinal stromal/smooth muscle tumors. Lab Invest. 1998 ; 78: 1633-1636 (Pubitemid 29022239)
45. Nishida T, Hirota S. Biological and clinical review of stromal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. Histol Histopathol. 2000 ; 15: 1293-1301
46. Kim TW, Lee H, Kang YK, et al. Prognostic significance of c-kit mutation in localized gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 ; 10: 3076-3081 (Pubitemid 38619686)
47. Sakurai S, Oguni S, Hironaka M, Fukayama M, Morinaga S, Saito K. Mutations in c-kit gene exons 9 and 13 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors among Japanese. Jpn J Cancer Res. 2001 ; 92: 494-498 (Pubitemid 32515089)
48. Wardelmann E, Neidt I, Bierhoff E, et al. c-kit mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors occur preferentially in the spindle rather than in the epithelioid cell variant. Mod Pathol. 2002 ; 15: 125-136 (Pubitemid 34171322)
49. He HY, Xiang YN, Li Y, Zhong HH, Wu BQ, Zheng J. c-kit and PDGFRA mutations in 60 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. 2005 ; 37: 320-324
50. Pauls K, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Thal D, Büttner R, Waldermann . PDGFRalpha- and c-kit-mutated gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are characterized by distinctive histological and immunohistochemical features. Histopathology. 2005 ; 46: 166-175 (Pubitemid 40293015)
51. Debiec-Rychter M, Cools J, Dumez H, et al. Mechanisms of resistance to imatinib mesylate in gastrointestinal stromal tumors and activity of the PKC412 inhibitor against imatinib-resistant mutants. Gastroenterology. 2005 ; 128: 270-279 (Pubitemid 40431080)
52. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Blanke CD, et al. Molecular correlates of imatinib resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2006 ; 24: 4764-4774 (Pubitemid 46630941)
53. Wardelmann E, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Pauls K, et al. Polyclonal evolution of multiple secondary KIT mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors under treatment with imatinib mesylate. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 ; 12: 1743-1749
54. Miettinen M, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): definition, occurrence, pathology, differential diagnosis and molecular genetics. Pol J Pathol. 2003 ; 54: 3-24 (Pubitemid 36604461)
55. DeMatteo RP, Lewis JJ, Leung D, Mudan SS, Woodruff JM, Brennan MF. Two hundred gastrointestinal stromal tumors: recurrence patterns and prognostic factors for survival. Ann Surg. 2000 ; 231: 51-58 (Pubitemid 30043939)
56. Singer S, Rubin BP, Lux ML, et al. Prognostic value of KIT mutation type, mitotic activity, and histologic subtype in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2002 ; 20: 3898-3905