메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 367-371

Psychopathology and intellectual disability

Author keywords

assessment; intellectual disability; psychopathology; treatment

Indexed keywords

NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT;

EID: 80051800411     PISSN: 09517367     EISSN: 14736578     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283422424     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (41)

References (43)
  • 1
    • 0004235298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Psychiatric Association, 4th ed., text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
    • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed., text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
    • (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
  • 2
    • 70350719242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and initial validation of the performance skills questionnaire (PSQ)
    • Bart O, Rosenberg L, Ratzon NZ, Jarus T. Development and initial validation of the Performance Skills Questionnaire (PSQ). Res Dev Disabil 2010;31:46-56.
    • (2010) Res Dev Disabil , vol.31 , pp. 46-56
    • Bart, O.1    Rosenberg, L.2    Ratzon, N.Z.3    Jarus, T.4
  • 3
    • 70350707627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of reaching and grasping skills in infants with Down syndrome
    • de Campos AC, Rocha N A C F, Savelsbergh G J P. Development of reaching and grasping skills in infants with Down syndrome. Res Dev Disabil 2010;31:70-80.
    • (2010) Res Dev Disabil , vol.31 , pp. 70-80
    • De Campos, A.C.1    Rocha, N.A.C.F.2    Savelsbergh, G.J.P.3
  • 4
    • 70449535772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An item analysis of raven's colored progressive matrices among participants with down syndrome
    • Facon B, Nuchadee ML. An item analysis of Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices among participants with Down syndrome. Res Dev Disabil 2010;31:243-249.
    • (2010) Res Dev Disabil , vol.31 , pp. 243-249
    • Facon, B.1    Nuchadee, M.L.2
  • 6
    • 0035619529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of Schizophrenia in Persons with Severe and Profound Mental Retardation Using the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped-II (DASH-II)
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1012218611103
    • Bamburg JW, Cherry KE, Matson JL, Penn D. Assessment of schizophrenia in persons with severe and profound mental retardation using the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped-II (DASH-II). J Dev Phys Disabil 2001;13:319-331. (Pubitemid 33637731)
    • (2001) Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 319-331
    • Bamburg, J.W.1    Cherry, K.E.2    Matson, J.L.3    Penn, D.4
  • 7
    • 0033921901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of schizophrenia among persons with severe or profound mental retardation
    • DOI 10.1176/appi.ps.51.7.922
    • Cherry KE, Penn D, Matson JL, Bamburg JW. Characteristics of schizophrenia among persons with severe or profound mental retardation. Psychiatr Serv 2000;51:922-924. (Pubitemid 30456978)
    • (2000) Psychiatric Services , vol.51 , Issue.7 , pp. 922-924
    • Cherry, K.E.1    Penn, D.2    Matson, J.L.3    Bamburg, J.W.4
  • 8
    • 0042925620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Aberrant Behavior Checklist and the Behavior Problems Inventory: Convergent and divergent validity
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-4222(03)00055-6
    • Rojahn J, Aman MG, Matson JL, Maville E. The Aberrant Behavior Checklist and the Behavior Problems Inventory: convergent and divergent validity. Res Dev Disabil 2003;24:391-404. (Pubitemid 37025885)
    • (2003) Research in Developmental Disabilities , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 391-404
    • Rojahn, J.1    Aman, M.G.2    Matson, J.L.3    Mayville, E.4
  • 10
    • 0014558702 scopus 로고
    • Emotional disturbances in mentally retarded children
    • Menolascino FJ. Emotional disturbances in mentally retarded children. Am J Psychiatry 1969;126:168-176.
    • (1969) Am J Psychiatry , vol.126 , pp. 168-176
    • Menolascino, F.J.1
  • 11
    • 77949270739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenging behavior and comorbid psychopathology in adults with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders
    • This article established that comorbid psychopathology and challenging behavior are independent of each other in individuals with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders ASDs
    • McCarthy J, Hemming C, Kravariti E, et al. Challenging behavior and comorbid psychopathology in adults with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders. Res Dev Disabil 2010;31:362-366. This article established that comorbid psychopathology and challenging behavior are independent of each other in individuals with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs).
    • (2010) Res Dev Disabil , vol.31 , pp. 362-366
    • McCarthy, J.1    Hemming, C.2    Kravariti, E.3
  • 12
    • 77955467312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mental health of adults with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability
    • This article reviews recent literature on the increased psychopathology in individuals with comorbid intellectual disability and ASD compared with those with intellectual disability alone. This review is important because it concludes that comorbid ASD may not in fact be associated with increased psychopathology in individuals with intellectual disability
    • Underwood L, McCarthy J, Tsakanikos E. Mental health of adults with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2010;23:421-426. This article reviews recent literature on the increased psychopathology in individuals with comorbid intellectual disability and ASD compared with those with intellectual disability alone. This review is important because it concludes that comorbid ASD may not in fact be associated with increased psychopathology in individuals with intellectual disability.
    • (2010) Curr Opin Psychiatry , vol.23 , pp. 421-426
    • Underwood, L.1    McCarthy, J.2    Tsakanikos, E.3
  • 13
    • 77952573613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting autism spectrum disorder in children with intellectual disability: Which DSM-IV-TR criteria are most useful?
    • This article is important because it highlights which Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition-Text Revision criteria are able to differentiate between individuals with intellectual disability only and those with intellectual disability and comorbid ASD. The article found that social relatedness was the strongest factor differentiating the two groups
    • Hartley SL, Sikora DM. Detecting autism spectrum disorder in children with intellectual disability: which DSM-IV-TR criteria are most useful? Focus Autism Other Dev Disabl 2010;25:85-97. This article is important because it highlights which Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition-Text Revision criteria are able to differentiate between individuals with intellectual disability only and those with intellectual disability and comorbid ASD. The article found that social relatedness was the strongest factor differentiating the two groups.
    • (2010) Focus Autism Other Dev Disabl , vol.25 , pp. 85-97
    • Hartley, S.L.1    Sikora, D.M.2
  • 14
    • 39749154377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autism in adults with severe intellectual disability: An empirical study of symptom presentation
    • DOI 10.1080/13668250701829837, PII 790930184
    • Matson JL, Wilkins J, Ancona M. Autism in adults with severe intellectual disability: an empirical study of symptom presentation. J Intellect Dev Disabil 2008;33:36-42. (Pubitemid 351311954)
    • (2008) Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 36-42
    • Matson, J.L.1    Wilkins, J.2    Ancona, M.3
  • 15
    • 69249232169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comorbid psychopathology in adults with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities
    • Although there are some measures of psychopathology in individuals with intellectual disability, to the authors'knowledge there is only one that looks at psychopathology in adults with comorbid ASD and intellectual disability. This article describes this measure Autism Spectrum Disorders-Comorbidity-Adult and establishes its psychometric properties
    • LoVullo SV, Matson JL. Comorbid psychopathology in adults with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil 2009;30:1288-1296. Although there are some measures of psychopathology in individuals with intellectual disability, to the authors'knowledge there is only one that looks at psychopathology in adults with comorbid ASD and intellectual disability. This article describes this measure (Autism Spectrum Disorders-Comorbidity-Adult) and establishes its psychometric properties.
    • (2009) Res Dev Disabil , vol.30 , pp. 1288-1296
    • LoVullo, S.V.1    Matson, J.L.2
  • 17
    • 67649752307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instruments for the detection of depressive symptoms in people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review
    • A presentation of depressive symptoms in individuals with intellectual disabilities often differs from the general population. Therefore, measures used should be specific to the population in question. This study reviewed all relevant instruments for assessing depression in individuals with intellectual disability and also provided psychometric properties when available
    • Perez-Achiaga N, Nelson S, Hassiotis A. Instruments for the detection of depressive symptoms in people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review. J Intellect Disabil 2009;13:55-76. A presentation of depressive symptoms in individuals with intellectual disabilities often differs from the general population. Therefore, measures used should be specific to the population in question. This study reviewed all relevant instruments for assessing depression in individuals with intellectual disability and also provided psychometric properties when available.
    • (2009) J Intellect Disabil , vol.13 , pp. 55-76
    • Perez-Achiaga, N.1    Nelson, S.2    Hassiotis, A.3
  • 18
    • 65549108002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stressful social interactions experienced by adults with mild intellectual disability
    • Hartley SL, MacLean WE. Stressful social interactions experienced by adults with mild intellectual disability. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil 2009;114:71-84.
    • (2009) Am J Intellect Dev Disabil , vol.114 , pp. 71-84
    • Hartley, S.L.1    MacLean, W.E.2
  • 19
    • 0037243058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glasgow Anxiety Scale for people with an Intellectual Disability (GAS-ID): Development and psychometric properties of a new measure for use with people with mild intellectual disability
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2788.2003.00457.x
    • Mindham J, Espie CA. Glasgow Anxiety Scale for people with an intellectual disability (GAS-ID): development and psychometric properties of a new measure for use with people with a mild intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 2003;47:22-30. (Pubitemid 36367489)
    • (2003) Journal of Intellectual Disability Research , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-30
    • Mindham, J.1    Espie, C.A.2
  • 20
    • 0027440867 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between functional assessment and treatment selection for aggressive behaviors
    • DOI 10.1016/0891-4222(93)90021-B
    • Hile MG, Desrochers MN. The relationship between functional assessment and treatment selection for aggressive behaviors. Res Dev Disabil 1993;14:265-274. (Pubitemid 23351184)
    • (1993) Research in Developmental Disabilities , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 265-274
    • Hile, M.G.1    Desrochers, M.N.2
  • 21
    • 45849128737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between psychiatric symptomatology and motivation of challenging behaviour: A preliminary study
    • Holden B, Gitlesen JP. The relationship between psychiatric symptomatology and motivation of challenging behaviour: a preliminary study. Res Dev Disabil 2008;29:408-413.
    • (2008) Res Dev Disabil , vol.29 , pp. 408-413
    • Holden, B.1    Gitlesen, J.P.2
  • 22
    • 33845359211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional analysis and challenging behaviour
    • DOI 10.1053/j.mppsy.2006.06.004, PII S1476179306000437, Learning Disability 1
    • Joyce T. Functional analysis and challenging behaviour. Psychiatry 2006;5:312-315. (Pubitemid 44883283)
    • (2006) Psychiatry , vol.5 , Issue.9 , pp. 312-315
    • Joyce, T.1
  • 23
    • 37449030577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risperidone, haloperidol, and placebo in the treatment of aggressive challenging behaviour in patients with intellectual disability: A randomized controlled trial
    • Tyrer P, Oliver-Africano PC, Ahmed Z, et al. Risperidone, haloperidol, and placebo in the treatment of aggressive challenging behaviour in patients with intellectual disability: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2008;371:57-63.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.371 , pp. 57-63
    • Tyrer, P.1    Oliver-Africano, P.C.2    Ahmed, Z.3
  • 24
    • 0032744817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of self-injurious behavior and aggression to social skills in persons with severe and profound learning disability
    • Duncan D, Matson JL, Bamburg JW, et al. The relationship of self-injurious behavior and aggression to social skills in persons with severe and profound learning disability. Res Dev Disabil 1999;20:441-448.
    • (1999) Res Dev Disabil , vol.20 , pp. 441-448
    • Duncan, D.1    Matson, J.L.2    Bamburg, J.W.3
  • 25
    • 66149129597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of adults with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems admitted to specialist and generic inpatient units
    • This study examined the differences in demographic and other variables in individuals with intellectual disability and mental health problems admitted to generic and/or specialized treatment facilities in the UK. This article is important not only for public policy reasons but also because it emphasizes the need for specialized services for many individuals with intellectual disability and mental health problems
    • Hemmings CP, O'Hara J, McCarthy G, et al. Comparison of adults with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems admitted to specialist and generic inpatient units. Br J Learn Disabil 2009;37:123-128. This study examined the differences in demographic and other variables in individuals with intellectual disability and mental health problems admitted to generic and/or specialized treatment facilities in the UK. This article is important not only for public policy reasons but also because it emphasizes the need for specialized services for many individuals with intellectual disability and mental health problems.
    • (2009) Br J Learn Disabil , vol.37 , pp. 123-128
    • Hemmings, C.P.1    O'Hara, J.2    McCarthy, G.3
  • 26
    • 0031872406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of social skills to psychopathology for individuals with severe or profound mental retardation
    • Matson JL, Smiroldo BB, Bamburg JW. The relationship of social skills to psychopathology for individuals with severe or profound mental retardation. J Intellect Dev Disabil 1998;23:137-145. (Pubitemid 28339837)
    • (1998) Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-145
    • Matson, J.L.1    Smiroldo, B.B.2    Bamburg, J.W.3
  • 27
    • 77949267103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of ethnicity in clinical psychopathology and care pathways of adults with intellectual disabilities
    • Although there is research looking at mental health issues in minorities, few studies have examined mental health problems in minorities with intellectual disability. This study did just that and looked at prevalence, care settings, age differences of referrals, and other factors
    • Tsakanikos E, McCarthy J, Kravariti E, et al. The role of ethnicity in clinical psychopathology and care pathways of adults with intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil 2010;31:410-415. Although there is research looking at mental health issues in minorities, few studies have examined mental health problems in minorities with intellectual disability. This study did just that and looked at prevalence, care settings, age differences of referrals, and other factors.
    • (2010) Res Dev Disabil , vol.31 , pp. 410-415
    • Tsakanikos, E.1    McCarthy, J.2    Kravariti, E.3
  • 28
    • 0030963936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the diagnostic assessment for the severely handicapped- II (DASH-II) and the aberrant behavior checklist (ABC)
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-4222(97)00010-3, PII S0891422297000103
    • Paclawskyj TR, Matson JL, Bamburg JW, Baglio CS. A comparison of the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped-II (DASH-II) and the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). Res Dev Disabil 1997;18:289-298. (Pubitemid 27282261)
    • (1997) Research in Developmental Disabilities , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 289-298
    • Paclawskyj, T.R.1    Matson, J.L.2    Bamburg, J.W.3    Baglio, C.S.4
  • 29
    • 77949274493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mental ill-health and care pathways in adults with intellectual disability across different residential types
    • This study examined the clinical characteristics of individuals with intellectual disability living in different care settings. Important findings included anxiety, personality disorders, age, and level of intellectual disability as significant independent predictors for type of residence
    • Chaplin E, Paschos D, O'Hara J, et al. Mental ill-health and care pathways in adults with intellectual disability across different residential types. Res Dev Disabil 2010;31:458-463. This study examined the clinical characteristics of individuals with intellectual disability living in different care settings. Important findings included anxiety, personality disorders, age, and level of intellectual disability as significant independent predictors for type of residence.
    • (2010) Res Dev Disabil , vol.31 , pp. 458-463
    • Chaplin, E.1    Paschos, D.2    O'Hara, J.3
  • 30
    • 40649122036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of self-injurious behavior and other maladaptive behaviors among individuals with severe and profound intellectual disability
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ridd.2007.02.001, PII S0891422207000170
    • Matson JL, Cooper C, Malone CJ, Moskow SL. The relationship of selfinjurious behavior and other maladaptive behaviors among individuals with severe and profound intellectual disability. Res Dev Disabil 2008;29:141-148. (Pubitemid 351374781)
    • (2008) Research in Developmental Disabilities , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 141-148
    • Matson, J.L.1    Cooper, C.2    Malone, C.J.3    Moskow, S.L.4
  • 31
    • 24144469179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between depression and feeding disorder symptoms among persons with severe and profound mental retardation
    • DOI 10.1007/s10882-005-4378-8
    • Mayville SB, Matson JL, Laud RB, et al. The relationship between depression and feeding disorder symptoms among persons with severe and profound mental retardation. J Dev Phys Disabil 2005;17:213-224. (Pubitemid 41242003)
    • (2005) Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 213-224
    • Mayville, S.B.1    Matson, J.L.2    Laud, R.B.3    Cooper, C.4    Kuhn, D.E.5
  • 33
    • 77950691205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in Stockholm preschoolers
    • Fernell E, Gillberg C. Autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in Stockholm preschoolers. Res Dev Disabil 2010;31:680-685.
    • (2010) Res Dev Disabil , vol.31 , pp. 680-685
    • Fernell, E.1    Gillberg, C.2
  • 34
    • 0038329330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychopharmacology research for individuals with mental retardation: Methodological issues and suggestions
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-4222(03)00030-1
    • Matson JL, Bielecki J, Mayville SB, Matson ML. Psychopharmacology research for individuals with mental retardation: methodological issues and suggestions. Res Dev Disabil 2003;24:149-157. (Pubitemid 36549015)
    • (2003) Research in Developmental Disabilities , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 149-157
    • Matson, J.L.1    Bielecki, J.2    Mayville, S.B.3    Matson, M.L.4
  • 35
    • 77950689928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapist effects on functional analysis outcomes with young children
    • This study is important because it highlights that an unfamiliar person conducting functional analysis may result in a different outcome from a familiar person. This is crucial because functional analysis is often used to determine treatment in individuals with challenging behaviors especially those with intellectual disability
    • Huete JM, Kurtz PF. Therapist effects on functional analysis outcomes with young children. Res Dev Disabil 2010;31:804-810. This study is important because it highlights that an unfamiliar person conducting functional analysis may result in a different outcome from a familiar person. This is crucial because functional analysis is often used to determine treatment in individuals with challenging behaviors (especially those with intellectual disability).
    • (2010) Res Dev Disabil , vol.31 , pp. 804-810
    • Huete, J.M.1    Kurtz, P.F.2
  • 37
    • 0033983828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of social skills to psychopathology for individuals with mild and moderate mental retardation
    • Matson JL, Anderson SJ, Bamburg JW. The relationship of social skills to psychopathology for individuals with mild and moderate mental retardation. Br J Dev Disabil 2000;46:15-22. (Pubitemid 30050395)
    • (2000) British Journal of Developmental Disabilities , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-22
    • Matson, J.L.1    Anderson, S.J.2    Bamburg, J.W.3
  • 38
    • 0034611874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Questions about behavioral function (QABF): A behavioral checklist for functional assessment of aberrant behavior
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-4222(00)00036-6, PII S0891422200000366
    • Paclawskyj TR, Matson JL, Rush KS, et al. Questions About Behavioral Function (QABF): a behavioral checklist for functional assessment of aberrant behavior. Res Dev Disabil 2000;21:223-229. (Pubitemid 30427422)
    • (2000) Research in Developmental Disabilities , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 223-229
    • Paclawskyj, T.R.1    Matson, J.L.2    Rush, K.S.3    Smalls, Y.4    Vollmer, T.R.5
  • 39
    • 70449724744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychopathological manifestations of children with intellectual disabilities according to their cognitive and adaptive behavior profile
    • This article was one of the first to use cluster analyses to examine the link between cognitive and adaptive functions and psychopathology indicators. This method may be useful in identifying profiles of children who are at risk for certain psychopathology
    • Tremblay KN, Richer L, Lachance L, Cote A. Psychopathological manifestations of children with intellectual disabilities according to their cognitive and adaptive behavior profile. Res Dev Disabil 2010;31:57-69. This article was one of the first to use cluster analyses to examine the link between cognitive and adaptive functions and psychopathology indicators. This method may be useful in identifying profiles of children who are at risk for certain psychopathology.
    • (2010) Res Dev Disabil , vol.31 , pp. 57-69
    • Tremblay, K.N.1    Richer, L.2    Lachance, L.3    Cote, A.4
  • 40
    • 21644484921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlates of restraint use in an institutional population: A replication
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00703.x
    • Sturmey P, Lott JD, Laud R, Matson JL. Correlates of restraint use in an institutional population: a replication. J Intellect Disabil Res 2005;49:501-506. (Pubitemid 40932403)
    • (2005) Journal of Intellectual Disability Research , vol.49 , Issue.7 , pp. 501-506
    • Sturmey, P.1    Lott, J.D.2    Laud, R.3    Matson, J.L.4
  • 42
    • 0030928946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validity of the Mania subscale of the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped-II (DASH-II)
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-4222(97)00005-X, PII S089142229700005X
    • Matson JL, Smiroldo BB. Validity of the mania subscale of the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped-II (DASH-II). Res Dev Disabil 1997;18:221-225. (Pubitemid 27282251)
    • (1997) Research in Developmental Disabilities , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 221-225
    • Matson, J.L.1    Smiroldo, B.B.2
  • 43
    • 0030898176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do anxiety disorders exist in persons with severe and profound mental retardation?
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-4222(96)00036-4, PII S0891422296000364
    • Matson JL, Smiroldo BB, Hamilton M, Baglio CS. Do anxiety disorders exist in persons with severe and profound mental retardation? Res Dev Disabil 1997;18:39-44. (Pubitemid 27146975)
    • (1997) Research in Developmental Disabilities , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-44
    • Matson, J.L.1    Smiroldo, B.B.2    Hamilton, M.3    Baglio, C.S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.