Thermally induced pore formation in epitaxial ZnO films grown from low temperature aqueous solution

Crystal Growth and Design

Volumn 11, Issue 8, 2011, Pages 3558-3563

  Richardson, Jacob J ^a   Goh, Gregory K L ^b   Le, Hong Quang ^b   Liew, Laura Lynn ^b   Lange, Fred F ^a   Denbaars, Steven P ^a  

^a University of California   (United States)

^b INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING   (Singapore)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AQUEOUS SYNTHESIS; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY; HYDROXIDE IONS; LOW TEMPERATURES; PORE FORMATION; SECONDARY IONS; SINGLE PHASE; SOLID VOLUMES; THERMALLY INDUCED; ZNO; ZNO CRYSTALS; ZNO FILMS;

COALESCENCE; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOLIDS; EPITAXIAL GROWTH; METALLIC FILMS; OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES; OXYGEN; OXYGEN VACANCIES; PORE SIZE; SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROMETRY; SOLUTIONS; SPECTROMETRY; THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS; WATER VAPOR; ZINC OXIDE;

EPITAXIAL FILMS;

EID: 79961133942     PISSN: 15287483     EISSN: 15287505     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/cg200528e     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Sunandan, B.; Joydeep, D. Hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanostructures Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 2009, 10 (1) 013001
2. Andeen, D.; Kim, J. H.; Lange, F. F.; Goh, G. K. L.; Tripathy, S. Lateral Epitaxial Overgrowth of ZnO in Water at 90 °C Adv. Funct. Mater. 2006, 16 (6) 799-804
3. Andeen, D.; Loeffler, L.; Padture, N.; Lange, F. F. Crystal chemistry of epitaxial ZnO on (111) MgAl2O4 produced by hydrothermal synthesis J. Cryst. Growth 2003, 259 (1-2) 103-109
4. Thompson, D. B.; Richardson, J. J.; Denbaars, S. P.; Lange, F. F. Light Emitting Diodes with ZnO Current Spreading Layers Deposited from a Low Temperature Aqueous Solution Appl. Phys. Express 2009, 2, 042101-042101
5. Le, H.; Lim, S.; Goh, G.; Chua, S.; Ang, N.; Liu, W. Solution epitaxy of gallium-doped ZnO on p-GaN for heterojunction light-emitting diodes Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt. 2010, 100 (4) 705-710
6. Hennings, D. F. K.; Metzmacher, C.; Schreinemacher, B. S. Defect chemistry and microstructure of hydrothermal barium titanate J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2001, 84 (1) 179-182 (Pubitemid 33642631)
7. Grätzel, M. Mesoporous oxide junctions and nanostructured solar cells Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1999, 4 (4) 314-321 (Pubitemid 30006688)
8. Lee, J. J.; Park, K. J.; Hur, K. H.; Yi, S. C.; Koo, S. M. Synthesis of Ultrafine and Spherical Barium Titanate Powders Using a Titania Nano-Sol J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2006, 89 (10) 3299-3301 (Pubitemid 44434806)
9. Noma, T.; Wada, S.; Yano, M.; Suzuki, T. Analysis of lattice vibration in fine particles of barium titanate single crystal including the lattice hydroxyl group J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 80 (9) 5223-5233 (Pubitemid 126586246)
10. Nakano, H. Microstructural evolution by in-situ TEM observations of oxides J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 2011, 119 (1385) 1-7
11. Van de Walle, C. G. Hydrogen as a cause of doping in zinc oxide Phys. Rev. Lett. 2000, 85 (5) 1012-1015
12. Zhang, Y. B.; Goh, G. K. L.; Ooi, K. F.; Tripathy, S. Hydrogen-related n-type conductivity in hydrothermally grown epitaxial ZnO films J. Appl. Phys. 2010, 108 (8) 083716-083714
13. Janotti, A.; Van de Walle, C. G. Fundamentals of zinc oxide as a semiconductor Rep. Prog. Phys. 2009, 72 (12) 126501-126501
14. Kröger, F. A. The Chemistry of Imperfect Crystals; North-Holland Pub. Co., Interscience Publishers: Amsterdam, New York, 1964.
15. Janotti, A.; Van de Walle, C. G. Native point defects in ZnO Phys. Rev. B 2007, 76 (16) 1-22
16. Baes, C. F.; Messmer, R. E. The Hydrolysis of Cations; John Wiley & Sons Inc.: New York, 1976.
17. Voropanova, L.; Baratov, L.; Kovalev, V. Dehydration of zinc hydroxide precipitate produced by neutralization of weakly concentrated zinc sulfate solutions with aqueous ammonia Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 2010, 83 (11) 1925-1929
18. Shaporev, A.; Ivanov, V.; Baranchikov, A.; Polezhaeva, O.; Tret'yakov, Y. ZnO formation under hydrothermal conditions from zinc hydroxide compounds with various chemical histories Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 2007, 52 (12) 1811-1816
19. Janotti, A.; Van de Walle, C. G. Hydrogen multicentre bonds Nat. Mater. 2007, 6 (1) 44-47 (Pubitemid 46041475)
20. Shi, G. A.; Saboktakin, M.; Stavola, M.; Pearton, S. J. "Hidden hydrogen" in as-grown ZnO Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 85 (23) 5601-5603
21. Look, D. C.; Mosbacker, H. L.; Strzhemechny, Y. M.; Brillson, L. J. Effects of surface conduction on Hall-effect measurements in ZnO Superlattices Microstruct. 2005, 38 (4-6) 406-412
22. Bierwagen, O.; Ive, T.; Van de Walle, C. G.; Speck, J. S. Causes of incorrect carrier-type identification in van der Pauw - Hall measurements Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 93 (24) 242108
23. Matsumura, T. A Theoretical Study on Van Der Pauw Measurement Values of Inhomogeneous Compound Semiconductor Thin Films J. Mod. Phys. 2010, 01 (05) 340-347