메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages

Research on Implicit Motives Across Cultures

Author keywords

Bias; Collective level; Cross cultural research; Implicit motives; Individual level

Indexed keywords


EID: 79960733143     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195335156.003.0015     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (11)

References (129)
  • 1
    • 0013882054 scopus 로고
    • Measuring the achievement motive in Brazil
    • Angelini, A. L (1966). Measuring the achievement motive in Brazil. Journal of Social Psychology, 68, 35-40.
    • (1966) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.68 , pp. 35-40
    • Angelini, A.L.1
  • 4
    • 0040776439 scopus 로고
    • The need for achievement as measured by graphic expression
    • In J. W. Atkinson (Ed.), Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand
    • Aronson, E. (1958). The need for achievement as measured by graphic expression. In J. W. Atkinson (Ed.), Motives in fantasy, action and society (pp. 249-265). Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
    • (1958) Motives in fantasy, action and society , pp. 249-265
    • Aronson, E.1
  • 5
    • 0000974763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The unbearable automaticity of being
    • Bargh, J. A., & Chartrand, T. L (1999). The unbearable automaticity of being. American Psychologist, 54, 462-479.
    • (1999) American Psychologist , vol.54 , pp. 462-479
    • Bargh, J.A.1    Chartrand, T.L.2
  • 6
    • 0014951031 scopus 로고
    • "Psychogenic" death: A reappraisal
    • Barrett, G. V., & Franke, R. H (1970). "Psychogenic" death: A reappraisal. Science, 167, 304-306.
    • (1970) Science , vol.167 , pp. 304-306
    • Barrett, G.V.1    Franke, R.H.2
  • 7
    • 77956496961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Culture and personality
    • In O. P. John, R.W. Robins, & L. A. Pervin (Eds.), New York: Guilford Press
    • Benet-Martínez, V., & Oishi, S. (2008). Culture and personality. In O. P. John, R.W. Robins, & L. A. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp. 542-567). New York: Guilford Press.
    • (2008) Handbook of personality: Theory and research , pp. 542-567
    • Benet-Martínez, V.1    Oishi, S.2
  • 8
    • 1542403818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Culture and aggression - from context to coercion
    • Bond, M. H (2004). Culture and aggression - from context to coercion. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8, 62-78.
    • (2004) Personality and Social Psychology Review , vol.8 , pp. 62-78
    • Bond, M.H.1
  • 9
    • 77449140157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cultural-psychological model for explaining differences in social behavior: Positioning the belief construct
    • In R. M. Sorrentino, D. Cohen, J. M. Olson, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Bond, M. H. (2005). A cultural-psychological model for explaining differences in social behavior: Positioning the belief construct. In R. M. Sorrentino, D. Cohen, J. M. Olson, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Culture and social behavior (Vol. 10, pp. 31-48). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (2005) Culture and social behavior , vol.10 , pp. 31-48
    • Bond, M.H.1
  • 10
    • 0036041473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a multiculture, multiage, multimethod science
    • Bornstein, M. H (2002). Toward a multiculture, multiage, multimethod science. Human Development, 45, 257-263.
    • (2002) Human Development , vol.45 , pp. 257-263
    • Bornstein, M.H.1
  • 11
    • 43449159553 scopus 로고
    • The achievement motive in three cultures
    • Botha, E (1971). The achievement motive in three cultures. Journal of Social Psychology, 85, 163-170.
    • (1971) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.85 , pp. 163-170
    • Botha, E.1
  • 15
    • 25144495437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and self-attributed motives to achieve: Two separate but interacting needs
    • Brunstein, J. C., & Maier, G. W. (2005). Implicit and self-attributed motives to achieve: Two separate but interacting needs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 205-222.
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.89 , pp. 205-222
    • Brunstein, J.C.1    Maier, G.W.2
  • 17
    • 24944484344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The critical impact of Frantz Fanon and Henri Collomb: Race, gender, and personality testing of North and West Africans
    • Bullard, A (2005). The critical impact of Frantz Fanon and Henri Collomb: Race, gender, and personality testing of North and West Africans. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 41, 225-248.
    • (2005) Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences , vol.41 , pp. 225-248
    • Bullard, A.1
  • 18
    • 77951007353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When does liking children lead to parenthood? Younger siblings, implicit prosocial power motivation, and explicit love for children predict parenthood across cultures
    • Chasiotis, A., Hofer, J., & Campos, D (2006). When does liking children lead to parenthood? Younger siblings, implicit prosocial power motivation, and explicit love for children predict parenthood across cultures. Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology, 4, 95-123.
    • (2006) Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 95-123
    • Chasiotis, A.1    Hofer, J.2    Campos, D.3
  • 19
    • 65649112782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combined emic-etic approach to cross-cultural personality test development: The case of the CPAI
    • In Q. Jing, H. Zhang, & K. Zhang (Eds.), London: Psychology Press
    • Cheung, F. (2006). A combined emic-etic approach to cross-cultural personality test development: The case of the CPAI. In Q. Jing, H. Zhang, & K. Zhang (Eds.), Psychological science around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 91-103). London: Psychology Press.
    • (2006) Psychological science around the world , vol.2 , pp. 91-103
    • Cheung, F.1
  • 20
    • 84920696073 scopus 로고
    • Achievement themes in folk tales related to socialization practice
    • In J. W. Atkinson (Ed.), Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand
    • Child, I. L., Storm, T., & Veroff, J. (1958). Achievement themes in folk tales related to socialization practice. In J. W. Atkinson (Ed.), Motives in fantasy, action, and society (pp. 479-492). Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
    • (1958) Motives in fantasy, action, and society , pp. 479-492
    • Child, I.L.1    Storm, T.2    Veroff, J.3
  • 21
    • 43449185514 scopus 로고
    • An Indian modification of the Thematic Apperception Test
    • Chowdhury, U (1960). An Indian modification of the Thematic Apperception Test. Journal of Social Psychology, 51, 245-263.
    • (1960) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 245-263
    • Chowdhury, U.1
  • 22
    • 0035650978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality measurement in cross-cultural perspective
    • Church, T. A (2001). Personality measurement in cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Personality, 69, 979-1005.
    • (2001) Journal of Personality , vol.69 , pp. 979-1005
    • Church, T.A.1
  • 23
    • 85121326220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ifs and thens in cross-cultural psychology
    • In R. S. Wyer, Jr. (Ed.), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Cohen, D. (1997). Ifs and thens in cross-cultural psychology. In R. S. Wyer, Jr. (Ed.), The automaticity of everyday life (pp. 121-131). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (1997) The automaticity of everyday life , pp. 121-131
    • Cohen, D.1
  • 24
    • 0004253579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Cole, M. (1996). Cultural psychology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • (1996) Cultural psychology
    • Cole, M.1
  • 25
    • 0040032501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-cultural, multicultural use of the thematic apperception test
    • In L. Gieser & M. I. Stein (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Dana, R. H. (1999). Cross-cultural, multicultural use of the thematic apperception test. In L. Gieser & M. I. Stein (Eds.), The thematic apperception test and the art of projection (pp. 177-190). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1999) The thematic apperception test and the art of projection , pp. 177-190
    • Dana, R.H.1
  • 28
    • 2442500642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation cohorts and personal values: A comparison of China and the United States
    • Egri, C. P., & Ralston, D. A (2004). Generation cohorts and personal values: A comparison of China and the United States. Organization Science, 15, 210-220.
    • (2004) Organization Science , vol.15 , pp. 210-220
    • Egri, C.P.1    Ralston, D.A.2
  • 29
    • 58549111423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achievement motive imagery in German schoolbooks: A pilot study testing McClelland's hypothesis
    • Engeser, S., Rheinberg, F., & Möller, M (2009). Achievement motive imagery in German schoolbooks: A pilot study testing McClelland's hypothesis. Journal of Research in Personality, 43, 110-113.
    • (2009) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.43 , pp. 110-113
    • Engeser, S.1    Rheinberg, F.2    Möller, M.3
  • 30
    • 0000657257 scopus 로고
    • Language and TAT content in French-English bilinguals
    • Ervin, S. M (1964). Language and TAT content in French-English bilinguals. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 68, 500-507.
    • (1964) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.68 , pp. 500-507
    • Ervin, S.M.1
  • 31
    • 84861240349 scopus 로고
    • Le T.A.T. chez les femmes musulmanes: Sociologie de la perception et de l'imagination
    • Congrès des Médecins Aliénistes et Neurologistes de France, LIV session
    • Fanon, F., & Geronimi, C. (1956). Le T.A.T. chez les femmes musulmanes: Sociologie de la perception et de l'imagination. Congrès des Médecins Aliénistes et Neurologistes de France, LIV session, pp. 364-368.
    • (1956) , pp. 364-368
    • Fanon, F.1    Geronimi, C.2
  • 32
    • 84965779689 scopus 로고
    • Need for achievement, coerciveness of government, and political unrest: A cross-national analysis
    • Feierabend, R. L., Feierabend, I. K., & Sleet, D. A (1973). Need for achievement, coerciveness of government, and political unrest: A cross-national analysis. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 4, 314-325.
    • (1973) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 314-325
    • Feierabend, R.L.1    Feierabend, I.K.2    Sleet, D.A.3
  • 33
    • 84965708380 scopus 로고
    • Taboo topics among Chinese and English friends: A crosscultural comparison
    • Goodwin, R., & Lee, I (1994). Taboo topics among Chinese and English friends: A crosscultural comparison. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 25, 325-338.
    • (1994) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 325-338
    • Goodwin, R.1    Lee, I.2
  • 34
    • 84920690579 scopus 로고
    • The effect of experimental arousal of achievement motivation on imaginative stories
    • Hayashi, T., Yamauchi, H., & Sudo, W (1972). The effect of experimental arousal of achievement motivation on imaginative stories. Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology, 20, 179-183.
    • (1972) Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 179-183
    • Hayashi, T.1    Yamauchi, H.2    Sudo, W.3
  • 36
    • 0041715520 scopus 로고
    • The thematic apperception technique in the study of culturepersonality relations
    • Henry, W. E (1947). The thematic apperception technique in the study of culturepersonality relations. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 35, 3-135.
    • (1947) Genetic Psychology Monographs , vol.35 , pp. 3-135
    • Henry, W.E.1
  • 37
    • 84882469774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do implicit motives add to our understanding of psychological and behavioral outcomes within and across cultures?
    • In R. M. Sorrentino & S. Yamaguchi (Eds.), Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press
    • Hofer, J., & Bond, M. H. (2008). Do implicit motives add to our understanding of psychological and behavioral outcomes within and across cultures?. In R. M. Sorrentino & S. Yamaguchi (Eds.), The handbook of motivation and cognition within and across cultures (pp. 95-118). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press.
    • (2008) The handbook of motivation and cognition within and across cultures , pp. 95-118
    • Hofer, J.1    Bond, M.H.2
  • 38
    • 84920651523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arousal of achievement motivation among student samples in three different cultural contexts: Self and social standards of evaluation
    • in press
    • Hofer, J., Busch, H., Bender, M., Li, M., & Hagemeyer, B. (in press). Arousal of achievement motivation among student samples in three different cultural contexts: Self and social standards of evaluation. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology.
    • Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
    • Hofer, J.1    Busch, H.2    Bender, M.3    Li, M.4    Hagemeyer, B.5
  • 39
    • 38049144192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concern for generativity and its relation to implicit pro-social power motivation, generative goals, and satisfaction with life: A cross-cultural investigation
    • Hofer, J., Busch, H., Chasiotis, A., Kärtner, J., & Campos, D (2008). Concern for generativity and its relation to implicit pro-social power motivation, generative goals, and satisfaction with life: A cross-cultural investigation. Journal of Personality, 76, 1-30.
    • (2008) Journal of Personality , vol.76 , pp. 1-30
    • Hofer, J.1    Busch, H.2    Chasiotis, A.3    Kärtner, J.4    Campos, D.5
  • 40
    • 0041883080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congruence of life goals and implicit motives as predictors of life satisfaction: Cross-cultural implications of a study of Zambian male adolescents
    • Hofer, J., & Chasiotis, A (2003). Congruence of life goals and implicit motives as predictors of life satisfaction: Cross-cultural implications of a study of Zambian male adolescents. Motivation and Emotion, 27, 251-272.
    • (2003) Motivation and Emotion , vol.27 , pp. 251-272
    • Hofer, J.1    Chasiotis, A.2
  • 41
    • 1342346191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological considerations of applying a TAT-type picture-story-test in cross-cultural research: A comparison of German and Zambian adolescents
    • Hofer, J., & Chasiotis, A (2004). Methodological considerations of applying a TAT-type picture-story-test in cross-cultural research: A comparison of German and Zambian adolescents. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35, 224-241.
    • (2004) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.35 , pp. 224-241
    • Hofer, J.1    Chasiotis, A.2
  • 42
    • 33745837849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congruence between social values and implicit motives: Effects on life satisfaction across three cultures
    • Hofer, J., Chasiotis, A., & Campos, D (2006). Congruence between social values and implicit motives: Effects on life satisfaction across three cultures. European Journal of Personality, 20, 305-324.
    • (2006) European Journal of Personality , vol.20 , pp. 305-324
    • Hofer, J.1    Chasiotis, A.2    Campos, D.3
  • 43
    • 27744567127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The measurement of implicit motives in three cultures: Power and affiliation in Cameroon, Costa Rica, and Germany
    • Hofer, J., Chasiotis, A., Friedlmeier, W., Busch, H., & Campos, D. (2005). The measurement of implicit motives in three cultures: Power and affiliation in Cameroon, Costa Rica, and Germany. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36, 689-716.
    • (2005) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 689-716
    • Hofer, J.1    Chasiotis, A.2    Friedlmeier, W.3    Busch, H.4    Campos, D.5
  • 46
    • 43449186329 scopus 로고
    • Personality profiles in industrial and preindustrial cultures: A TAT study
    • Joshi, V (1965). Personality profiles in industrial and preindustrial cultures: A TAT study. Journal of Social Psychology, 66, 101-111.
    • (1965) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.66 , pp. 101-111
    • Joshi, V.1
  • 47
    • 0007023040 scopus 로고
    • Social motives among Anglo American and Mexican American children: Experimental and projective measures
    • Kagan, S., & Knight, G. P (1981). Social motives among Anglo American and Mexican American children: Experimental and projective measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 15, 93-106.
    • (1981) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.15 , pp. 93-106
    • Kagan, S.1    Knight, G.P.2
  • 48
    • 22144456741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context: Implications for self and family
    • Kağitçibaşi, C (2005). Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context: Implications for self and family. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36, 403-422.
    • (2005) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 403-422
    • Kağitçibaşi, C.1
  • 49
  • 50
  • 51
    • 14644445854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The unconscious
    • In V. S. Ramachandran (Ed.), San Diego, CA: Academic
    • Kihlstrom, J. F. (2002). The unconscious. In V. S. Ramachandran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of the human brain (Vol. 4, pp. 635-646). San Diego, CA: Academic.
    • (2002) Encyclopedia of the human brain , vol.4 , pp. 635-646
    • Kihlstrom, J.F.1
  • 52
    • 67949106268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural shaping of self, emotion, and well-being: How does it work?
    • Kitayama, S., & Park, H. (2007). Cultural shaping of self, emotion, and well-being: How does it work?. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1, 202-222.
    • (2007) Social and Personality Psychology Compass , vol.1 , pp. 202-222
    • Kitayama, S.1    Park, H.2
  • 53
    • 0001321160 scopus 로고
    • Cross-cultural research on motivation and its contribution to a general theory of motivation
    • In H. C. Triandis & R. W. Brislin (Eds.), Boston: Allyn & Bacon
    • Kornadt, H.-J., Eckensberger, L. H., & Emminghaus, W. B. (1980). Cross-cultural research on motivation and its contribution to a general theory of motivation. In H. C. Triandis & R. W. Brislin (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 223-321). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
    • (1980) Handbook of cross-cultural psychology , vol.3 , pp. 223-321
    • Kornadt, H.-J.1    Eckensberger, L.H.2    Emminghaus, W.B.3
  • 56
    • 0042835649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting behavior change in Indian businessmen from a combination of need for achievement and self-discrepancy
    • Langens, T. A (2001). Predicting behavior change in Indian businessmen from a combination of need for achievement and self-discrepancy. Journal of Research in Personality, 35, 339-352.
    • (2001) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.35 , pp. 339-352
    • Langens, T.A.1
  • 57
    • 43449164699 scopus 로고
    • Acculturation of attitude and personality among Katangese women
    • Leblanc, M (1958). Acculturation of attitude and personality among Katangese women. Journal of Social Psychology, 47, 257-264.
    • (1958) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.47 , pp. 257-264
    • Leblanc, M.1
  • 58
    • 0000786608 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of achievement and power motivation of Blacks and Whites, using a Black and White TAT, with Black and White administrators
    • Lefkowitz, J., & Fraser, A. W (1980). Assessment of achievement and power motivation of Blacks and Whites, using a Black and White TAT, with Black and White administrators. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65, 685-696.
    • (1980) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.65 , pp. 685-696
    • Lefkowitz, J.1    Fraser, A.W.2
  • 59
    • 84970234566 scopus 로고
    • Suicide and homicide rates and society's need for affiliation
    • Lester, D (1971). Suicide and homicide rates and society's need for affiliation. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2, 405-406.
    • (1971) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 405-406
    • Lester, D.1
  • 61
    • 4344657213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social axioms: A model for social beliefs in multi-cultural perspective
    • Leung, K., & Bond, M. H (2004). Social axioms: A model for social beliefs in multi-cultural perspective. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 36, 119-197.
    • (2004) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 119-197
    • Leung, K.1    Bond, M.H.2
  • 63
    • 0000476048 scopus 로고
    • A perspective on Darwinian psychology: The importance of domain-general mechanisms, plasticity, and individual differences
    • MacDonald, K. B (1991). A perspective on Darwinian psychology: The importance of domain-general mechanisms, plasticity, and individual differences. Ethology and Sociobiology, 12, 449-480.
    • (1991) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.12 , pp. 449-480
    • MacDonald, K.B.1
  • 64
    • 0000787586 scopus 로고
    • Culture and achievement motivation: A second look
    • In N. Warren (Ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Maehr, M. L., & Nicholls, J. G. (1980). Culture and achievement motivation: A second look. In N. Warren (Ed.), Studies in cross-cultural psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 221-267). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1980) Studies in cross-cultural psychology , vol.2 , pp. 221-267
    • Maehr, M.L.1    Nicholls, J.G.2
  • 65
    • 12044258070 scopus 로고
    • Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation
    • Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224-253.
    • (1991) Psychological Review , vol.98 , pp. 224-253
    • Markus, H.R.1    Kitayama, S.2
  • 66
    • 84925906223 scopus 로고
    • An empirical test of McClelland's "achieving society" theory
    • Mazur, A., & Rosa, E (1977). An empirical test of McClelland's "achieving society" theory. Social Forces, 55, 769-774.
    • (1977) Social Forces , vol.55 , pp. 769-774
    • Mazur, A.1    Rosa, E.2
  • 67
    • 27144470595 scopus 로고
    • A theory of generativity and its assessment through self-report, behavioral acts, and narrative themes in autobiography
    • McAdams, D. P., & de St. Aubin, E (1992). A theory of generativity and its assessment through self-report, behavioral acts, and narrative themes in autobiography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 1003-1015.
    • (1992) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 1003-1015
    • McAdams, D.P.1    de St Aubin, E.2
  • 71
    • 0004243155 scopus 로고
    • New York: Cambridge University Press
    • McClelland, D. C. (1985). Human motivation. New York: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1985) Human motivation
    • McClelland, D.C.1
  • 72
    • 84972692228 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of successful entrepreneurs
    • McClelland, D. C (1987). Characteristics of successful entrepreneurs. Journal of Creative Behavior, 3, 219-233.
    • (1987) Journal of Creative Behavior , vol.3 , pp. 219-233
    • McClelland, D.C.1
  • 76
    • 84879915689 scopus 로고
    • Child-rearing practices and the achievement motivation appearing in folk tales
    • In T. M. Newcomb, E. L. Hartley, & G. E. Swanson (Eds.), New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston
    • McClelland, D. C., & Friedman, G. A. (1952). Child-rearing practices and the achievement motivation appearing in folk tales. In T. M. Newcomb, E. L. Hartley, & G. E. Swanson (Eds.), Readings in social psychology (pp. 243-249). New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
    • (1952) Readings in social psychology , pp. 243-249
    • McClelland, D.C.1    Friedman, G.A.2
  • 78
    • 85047686593 scopus 로고
    • Sources of adult motives in patterns of parent behavior in early childhood
    • McClelland, D. C., & Pilon, D. A (1983). Sources of adult motives in patterns of parent behavior in early childhood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 564-574.
    • (1983) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.44 , pp. 564-574
    • McClelland, D.C.1    Pilon, D.A.2
  • 80
    • 0031133486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality trait structure as a human universal
    • McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. Jr (1997). Personality trait structure as a human universal. American Psychologist, 52, 509-516.
    • (1997) American Psychologist , vol.52 , pp. 509-516
    • McCrae, R.R.1    Costa Jr., P.T.2
  • 81
    • 0343200183 scopus 로고
    • The use of T.A.T. cards among Arab university students: A cross cultural study
    • Melikian, L. H (1964). The use of T.A.T. cards among Arab university students: A cross cultural study. Journal of Social Psychology, 62, 3-19.
    • (1964) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 3-19
    • Melikian, L.H.1
  • 82
    • 43449143582 scopus 로고
    • A cross-cultural study of achievement motivation and achievement values in two South African groups
    • Morsbach, H (1969). A cross-cultural study of achievement motivation and achievement values in two South African groups. Journal of Social Psychology, 79, 267-268.
    • (1969) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.79 , pp. 267-268
    • Morsbach, H.1
  • 83
    • 0037707341 scopus 로고
    • Stability of achievement and recognition-seeking behaviors from early childhood through adulthood
    • Moss, H. A., & Kagan, J (1961). Stability of achievement and recognition-seeking behaviors from early childhood through adulthood. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 62, 504-513.
    • (1961) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 504-513
    • Moss, H.A.1    Kagan, J.2
  • 86
    • 0007596508 scopus 로고
    • The stimulus
    • In B. I. Murstein (Ed.), New York: Basic Books
    • Murstein, B. I. (1965). The stimulus. In B. I. Murstein (Ed.), Handbook of projective techniques (pp. 509-546). New York: Basic Books.
    • (1965) Handbook of projective techniques , pp. 509-546
    • Murstein, B.I.1
  • 88
    • 0343468534 scopus 로고
    • Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes
    • Nisbett, R. E., & Wilson, T. D (1977). Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review, 84, 231-259.
    • (1977) Psychological Review , vol.84 , pp. 231-259
    • Nisbett, R.E.1    Wilson, T.D.2
  • 89
    • 43449152407 scopus 로고
    • Measuring achievement motivation among the Chagga of Tanzania
    • Ostheimer, J. M (1969). Measuring achievement motivation among the Chagga of Tanzania. Journal of Social Psychology, 78, 17-30.
    • (1969) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.78 , pp. 17-30
    • Ostheimer, J.M.1
  • 90
    • 28444484953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing implicit motives in U. S. college students: Effects of picture type and position, gender and ethnicity, and cross-cultural comparisons
    • Pang, J. S., & Schultheiss, O. C (2005). Assessing implicit motives in U. S. college students: Effects of picture type and position, gender and ethnicity, and cross-cultural comparisons. Journal of Personality Assessment, 85, 280-294.
    • (2005) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.85 , pp. 280-294
    • Pang, J.S.1    Schultheiss, O.C.2
  • 91
    • 85056006910 scopus 로고
    • Motives in Eskimo and Ojibwa mythology
    • Parker, S (1962). Motives in Eskimo and Ojibwa mythology. Ethnology, 1, 516-523.
    • (1962) Ethnology , vol.1 , pp. 516-523
    • Parker, S.1
  • 93
    • 84965903775 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of a statistical and subjective procedure to ascertain item validity: One step in the test validation process
    • Plake, B. S (1980). A comparison of a statistical and subjective procedure to ascertain item validity: One step in the test validation process. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 40, 397-404.
    • (1980) Educational and Psychological Measurement , vol.40 , pp. 397-404
    • Plake, B.S.1
  • 94
    • 84861254971 scopus 로고
    • Le Congo-T.A.T. chez les noires d'Afrique
    • Congrès des Médecins Aliénistes et Neurologistes de France, LIV session
    • Planques, L., Blanc-Garin, J., & Collomb, H. (1956). Le Congo-T.A.T. chez les noires d'Afrique. Congrès des Médecins Aliénistes et Neurologistes de France, LIV session, pp. 191-198.
    • (1956) , pp. 191-198
    • Planques, L.1    Blanc-Garin, J.2    Collomb, H.3
  • 95
    • 84971708639 scopus 로고
    • Why are children in the same family different from each other?
    • Plomin, R., & Daniles, D. (1987). Why are children in the same family different from each other?. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 10, 1-16.
    • (1987) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.10 , pp. 1-16
    • Plomin, R.1    Daniles, D.2
  • 96
    • 85056008764 scopus 로고
    • Race, ethnicity, and the achievement syndrome
    • Rosen, B. C (1959). Race, ethnicity, and the achievement syndrome. American Sociological Review, 24, 47-60.
    • (1959) American Sociological Review , vol.24 , pp. 47-60
    • Rosen, B.C.1
  • 97
    • 85050784499 scopus 로고
    • Socialization and achievement motivation in Brazil
    • Rosen, B. C (1962). Socialization and achievement motivation in Brazil. American Sociological Review, 27, 612-624.
    • (1962) American Sociological Review , vol.27 , pp. 612-624
    • Rosen, B.C.1
  • 98
    • 84956440183 scopus 로고
    • The psychological origins of the achievement motive
    • Rosen, B. C., & D'Andrade, R (1959). The psychological origins of the achievement motive. Sociometry, 22, 185-218.
    • (1959) Sociometry , vol.22 , pp. 185-218
    • Rosen, B.C.1    D'Andrade, R.2
  • 99
    • 0014428494 scopus 로고
    • National motives predict psychogenic death rates 25 years later
    • Rudin, S. A (1968). National motives predict psychogenic death rates 25 years later. Science, 160, 901-903.
    • (1968) Science , vol.160 , pp. 901-903
    • Rudin, S.A.1
  • 100
    • 84937274376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achievement motivation: A cross-cultural comparison of British and Chinese students
    • Salili, F (1996). Achievement motivation: A cross-cultural comparison of British and Chinese students. Educational Psychology, 16, 171-179.
    • (1996) Educational Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 171-179
    • Salili, F.1
  • 101
    • 84965572333 scopus 로고
    • Three social motives and field independence-dependence in Anglo American and Mexican American children
    • Sanders, M., Scholz, J. P., & Kagan, S (1976). Three social motives and field independence-dependence in Anglo American and Mexican American children. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 7, 451-462.
    • (1976) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.7 , pp. 451-462
    • Sanders, M.1    Scholz, J.P.2    Kagan, S.3
  • 102
    • 85044979037 scopus 로고
    • The use of projective pictures in a preliterate African community
    • Schneider, M. R., & Schneider, J. F (1970). The use of projective pictures in a preliterate African community. Rural Sociology, 35, 542-543.
    • (1970) Rural Sociology , vol.35 , pp. 542-543
    • Schneider, M.R.1    Schneider, J.F.2
  • 104
    • 77954025485 scopus 로고
    • Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries
    • In M. Zanna (Ed.), Orlando, FL: Academic Press
    • Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 25, pp. 1-65). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
    • (1992) Advances in experimental social psychology , vol.25 , pp. 1-65
    • Schwartz, S.H.1
  • 105
    • 0043218146 scopus 로고
    • On the designing of TAT pictures, with special reference to a set for an African people assimilating Western culture
    • Sherwood, E (1957). On the designing of TAT pictures, with special reference to a set for an African people assimilating Western culture. Journal of Social Psychology, 45, 161-190.
    • (1957) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.45 , pp. 161-190
    • Sherwood, E.1
  • 106
    • 0018222625 scopus 로고
    • Achievement motivation and entrepreneurial success: A follow-up study
    • Singh, S (1978). Achievement motivation and entrepreneurial success: A follow-up study. Journal of Research in Personality, 12, 500-503.
    • (1978) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.12 , pp. 500-503
    • Singh, S.1
  • 109
    • 0002467560 scopus 로고
    • Methodological considerations: Steps in research employing content analysis systems
    • In C. P. Smith (Ed.), New York: Cambridge University Press
    • Smith, C. P, Feld, S. C., & Franz, C. E. (1992). Methodological considerations: Steps in research employing content analysis systems. In C. P. Smith (Ed.), Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis (pp. 515-536). New York: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1992) Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis , pp. 515-536
    • Smith, C.P.1    Feld, S.C.2    Franz, C.E.3
  • 111
    • 43449160135 scopus 로고
    • Cross-cultural study of the TAT assessment for achievement motivation: Americans and Persians
    • Tedeschi, J. T., & Kian, M (1962). Cross-cultural study of the TAT assessment for achievement motivation: Americans and Persians. Journal of Social Psychology, 58, 227-234.
    • (1962) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.58 , pp. 227-234
    • Tedeschi, J.T.1    Kian, M.2
  • 112
    • 84993737890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Social sharedness" as a unifying theme for information processing in groups
    • Tindale, R. S., & Kameda, T (2000). "Social sharedness" as a unifying theme for information processing in groups. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 3, 123-140.
    • (2000) Group Processes & Intergroup Relations , vol.3 , pp. 123-140
    • Tindale, R.S.1    Kameda, T.2
  • 114
    • 84870320623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological aspects of crosscultural developmental studies
    • In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Van de Vijver, F. J. R., Hofer, J., & Chasiotis, A. (2009). Methodological aspects of crosscultural developmental studies. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural developmental science (pp. 21-37). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (2009) Handbook of cross-cultural developmental science , pp. 21-37
    • Van de Vijver, F.J.R.1    Hofer, J.2    Chasiotis, A.3
  • 117
    • 0348017055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National wealth and thermal climate as predictors of motives for volunteer work
    • Van de Vliert, E., Huang, X., & Levine, R. V (2004). National wealth and thermal climate as predictors of motives for volunteer work. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35, 62-73.
    • (2004) Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , vol.35 , pp. 62-73
    • Van de Vliert, E.1    Huang, X.2    Levine, R.V.3
  • 118
    • 84920703609 scopus 로고
    • Report on the revision of the Thematic Apperception Test
    • Wang, M.-J (1969). Report on the revision of the Thematic Apperception Test. Acta Psychologica Taiwanica, 11, 24-41.
    • (1969) Acta Psychologica Taiwanica , vol.11 , pp. 24-41
    • Wang, M.-J.1
  • 119
    • 0003161234 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive versus traditional motivational models. Irreconcilable or complementary?
    • In E. T. Higgins & R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), New York: Guilford Press
    • Weinberger, J., & McClelland, D. C. (1990). Cognitive versus traditional motivational models. Irreconcilable or complementary?. In E. T. Higgins & R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition: Vol. 2: Foundations of social behavior (pp. 562-597). New York: Guilford Press.
    • (1990) Handbook of motivation and cognition: Vol. 2: Foundations of social behavior , pp. 562-597
    • Weinberger, J.1    McClelland, D.C.2
  • 121
    • 21344488984 scopus 로고
    • Power, affiliation, and war: Three tests of a motivational model
    • Winter, D. G (1991). Power, affiliation, and war: Three tests of a motivational model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 532-545.
    • (1991) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.65 , pp. 532-545
    • Winter, D.G.1
  • 124
    • 84985292696 scopus 로고
    • Responsibility and the power motive in women and men
    • Winter, D. G., & Barenbaum, N. B (1985). Responsibility and the power motive in women and men. Journal of Personality, 53, 335-355.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality , vol.53 , pp. 335-355
    • Winter, D.G.1    Barenbaum, N.B.2
  • 125
    • 0032039927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traits and motives: Toward an integration of two traditions in personality research
    • Winter, D. G., John, O. P., Stewart, A. J., Klohnen, E. C., & Duncan, L. E (1998). Traits and motives: Toward an integration of two traditions in personality research. Psychological Review, 105, 230-250.
    • (1998) Psychological Review , vol.105 , pp. 230-250
    • Winter, D.G.1    John, O.P.2    Stewart, A.J.3    Klohnen, E.C.4    Duncan, L.E.5
  • 126
    • 0002192598 scopus 로고
    • The power motive
    • In H. London & J. E. Exner (Eds.), New York: Wiley
    • Winter, D. G., & Stewart, A. J. (1978). The power motive. In H. London & J. E. Exner (Eds.), Dimensions of personality (pp. 391-447). New York: Wiley.
    • (1978) Dimensions of personality , pp. 391-447
    • Winter, D.G.1    Stewart, A.J.2
  • 127
    • 0002637136 scopus 로고
    • The relation of need for achievement to learning experiences in independence and mastery
    • In J. W. Atkinson (Ed.), Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand
    • Winterbottom, M. R. (1958). The relation of need for achievement to learning experiences in independence and mastery. In J. W. Atkinson (Ed.), Motives in fantasy, action, and society (pp. 453-478). Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
    • (1958) Motives in fantasy, action, and society , pp. 453-478
    • Winterbottom, M.R.1
  • 128
    • 0041707718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit motives influence accessibility to different autobiographical knowledge
    • Woike, B., McLeod, S., & Goggin, M (2003). Implicit and explicit motives influence accessibility to different autobiographical knowledge. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1046-1055.
    • (2003) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 1046-1055
    • Woike, B.1    McLeod, S.2    Goggin, M.3
  • 129
    • 0001350497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultimate life concerns, self, and Chinese achievement motivation
    • In M. H. Bond (Ed.), Hong Kong: Oxford University Press
    • Yu, A.-B. (1996). Ultimate life concerns, self, and Chinese achievement motivation. In M. H. Bond (Ed.), The handbook of Chinese psychology (pp. 227-246). Hong Kong: Oxford University Press.
    • (1996) The handbook of Chinese psychology , pp. 227-246
    • Yu, A.-B.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.