메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 388-401

Using climatically based random forests to downscale coarse-grained potential natural vegetation maps in tropical Mexico

Author keywords

Downscaling; Machine learning algorithms; Random forests; Rzedowski's vegetation map; Spatial resolution

Indexed keywords


EID: 79959935067     PISSN: 14022001     EISSN: 1654109X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-109X.2011.01132.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (26)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 0036396516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altitudinal distribution patterns of Mexican cloud forests based upon preferential characteristic genera
    • Alcántara, O., Luna, I. & Velázquez, A. 2002. Altitudinal distribution patterns of Mexican cloud forests based upon preferential characteristic genera. Plant Ecology 161: 167-174.
    • (2002) Plant Ecology , vol.161 , pp. 167-174
    • Alcántara, O.1    Luna, I.2    Velázquez, A.3
  • 2
    • 12444275667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downscaling European species atlas distributions to a finer resolution
    • implications for conservation planning.
    • Araújo, M.B., Thuiller, W., Williams, P.H. & Reginster, I. 2005. Downscaling European species atlas distributions to a finer resolution: implications for conservation planning. Global Ecology and Biogeography 14: 17-30.
    • (2005) Global Ecology and Biogeography , vol.14 , pp. 17-30
    • Araújo, M.B.1    Thuiller, W.2    Williams, P.H.3    Reginster, I.4
  • 3
    • 27144531570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of the behavior of several methods for balancing machine learning training data
    • Batista, G.E., Prati, R.C. & Monard, M.C. 2004. A study of the behavior of several methods for balancing machine learning training data. ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter 6: 20-29.
    • (2004) ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter , vol.6 , pp. 20-29
    • Batista, G.E.1    Prati, R.C.2    Monard, M.C.3
  • 5
    • 34249759527 scopus 로고
    • Factors determining distributions of tree species and plant functional types
    • Box, E.O. 1995. Factors determining distributions of tree species and plant functional types. Vegetatio 121: 101-116.
    • (1995) Vegetatio , vol.121 , pp. 101-116
    • Box, E.O.1
  • 7
    • 0002374545 scopus 로고
    • The phytogeography and vegetation of Chiapas (Mexico)
    • In: Graham, A. (ed.). Elsevier, Amsterdam.
    • Breedlove, D.E. 1973. The phytogeography and vegetation of Chiapas (Mexico). In: Graham, A. (ed.) Vegetation and vegetational history of northern Latin America. pp. 145-165. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
    • (1973) Vegetation and vegetational history of northern Latin America , pp. 145-165
    • Breedlove, D.E.1
  • 8
    • 0030211964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bagging predictors
    • Breiman, L. 1996. Bagging predictors. Machine Learning 24: 123-140.
    • (1996) Machine Learning , vol.24 , pp. 123-140
    • Breiman, L.1
  • 9
    • 0035478854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Random forests
    • Breiman, L. 2001. Random forests. Machine Learning 45: 5-32.
    • (2001) Machine Learning , vol.45 , pp. 5-32
    • Breiman, L.1
  • 10
    • 79959966122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manual-setting up, using and understanding random forests V4.0. Available at:
    • Breiman, L. 2003. Manual-setting up, using and understanding random forests V4.0. Available at:
    • (2003)
    • Breiman, L.1
  • 11
    • 21044442278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introducción a los bosques nublados del Neotrópico
    • Una síntesis regional. In: Kappelle, M. & Brown, A.D. (eds.) Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Costa Rica.
    • Brown, A.D. & Kappelle, M. 2001. Introducción a los bosques nublados del Neotrópico: Una síntesis regional. In: Kappelle, M. & Brown, A.D. (eds.) Bosques nublados del Neotrópico. pp. 25-40. Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Costa Rica.
    • (2001) Bosques nublados del Neotrópico , pp. 25-40
    • Brown, A.D.1    Kappelle, M.2
  • 12
    • 33745038512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The extent, distribution, and fragmentation of vanishing montane cloud forest in the Highlands of Chiapas, Mexico
    • Cayuela, L., Golicher, D.J. & Rey-Benayas, J.M. 2006. The extent, distribution, and fragmentation of vanishing montane cloud forest in the Highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. Biotropica 38: 544-554.
    • (2006) Biotropica , vol.38 , pp. 544-554
    • Cayuela, L.1    Golicher, D.J.2    Rey-Benayas, J.M.3
  • 17
    • 60849121412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finding optimal threshold for correction error reads in DNA assembling
    • Chin, F.Y., Leung, H.C., Li, W. & Yiu, S. 2009. Finding optimal threshold for correction error reads in DNA assembling. BMC Bioinformatics 10: S15.
    • (2009) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.10
    • Chin, F.Y.1    Leung, H.C.2    Li, W.3    Yiu, S.4
  • 18
    • 1942519558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An outline and map of the potential natural vegetation of Ireland
    • Cross, J. 1998. An outline and map of the potential natural vegetation of Ireland. Applied Vegetation Science 1: 241-252.
    • (1998) Applied Vegetation Science , vol.1 , pp. 241-252
    • Cross, J.1
  • 19
    • 33947384967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying priority areas for conservation in Mexican tropical deciduous forest based tree species
    • Cué-Bär, E.M., Villaseñor, J.L., Morrone, J.J. & Ibarra-Manríquez, G. 2006. Identifying priority areas for conservation in Mexican tropical deciduous forest based tree species. Interciencia 31: 712-719.
    • (2006) Interciencia , vol.31 , pp. 712-719
    • Cué-Bär, E.M.1    Villaseñor, J.L.2    Morrone, J.J.3    Ibarra-Manríquez, G.4
  • 20
    • 0026364478 scopus 로고
    • Classification and purpose in automated vegetation maps
    • Demers, M.N. 1991. Classification and purpose in automated vegetation maps. Geographical Review 81: 267-280.
    • (1991) Geographical Review , vol.81 , pp. 267-280
    • Demers, M.N.1
  • 21
    • 33646023117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An introduction to ROC analysis
    • Fawcett, T. 2006. An introduction to ROC analysis. Pattern Recognition Letters 27: 861-874.
    • (2006) Pattern Recognition Letters , vol.27 , pp. 861-874
    • Fawcett, T.1
  • 22
    • 7544242643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of landscape-scale habitat-potential models for forest wildlife planning and management
    • Felix, A.B., Campa, H., Millenbah, K.F., Winterstein, S.R. & Moritz, W.E. 2004. Development of landscape-scale habitat-potential models for forest wildlife planning and management. Wildlife Society Bulletin 32: 795-806.
    • (2004) Wildlife Society Bulletin , vol.32 , pp. 795-806
    • Felix, A.B.1    Campa, H.2    Millenbah, K.F.3    Winterstein, S.R.4    Moritz, W.E.5
  • 23
    • 36448966439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of recent climate trends on the distribution of potential natural vegetation in Central Germany
    • Franke, J. & Köstner, B. 2007. Effects of recent climate trends on the distribution of potential natural vegetation in Central Germany. International Journal of Biometeorology 52: 139-147.
    • (2007) International Journal of Biometeorology , vol.52 , pp. 139-147
    • Franke, J.1    Köstner, B.2
  • 24
    • 0029478629 scopus 로고
    • Predictive vegetation mapping
    • geogaphic modelling of biospatial patters in relation to environmental gradients.
    • Franklin, J. 1995. Predictive vegetation mapping: geogaphic modelling of biospatial patters in relation to environmental gradients. Progress in Physical Geography 19: 474-499.
    • (1995) Progress in Physical Geography , vol.19 , pp. 474-499
    • Franklin, J.1
  • 26
    • 33947315411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlations between precipitation patterns in Southern Mexico and the El Niño sea surface temperature index
    • Golicher, D.J., Ramírez-Marcial, N. & Levy-Tacher, S.I. 2006. Correlations between precipitation patterns in Southern Mexico and the El Niño sea surface temperature index. Interciencia 31: 80-86.
    • (2006) Interciencia , vol.31 , pp. 80-86
    • Golicher, D.J.1    Ramírez-Marcial, N.2    Levy-Tacher, S.I.3
  • 29
    • 0003562954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple generalisation of the area under the ROC curve for multiple class classification problems
    • Hand, D.J. & Till, R.J. 2001. A simple generalisation of the area under the ROC curve for multiple class classification problems. Machine Learning 45: 171-186.
    • (2001) Machine Learning , vol.45 , pp. 171-186
    • Hand, D.J.1    Till, R.J.2
  • 32
    • 0032742280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting change in forest spatial patterns from reference conditions
    • Hessburg, P.F., Smith, B.G. & Brion Salter, R. 1999. Detecting change in forest spatial patterns from reference conditions. Ecological Applications 9: 1232-1252.
    • (1999) Ecological Applications , vol.9 , pp. 1232-1252
    • Hessburg, P.F.1    Smith, B.G.2    Brion Salter, R.3
  • 33
    • 1542289069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using a generalized vegetation model to simulate vegetation dynamics in Northeastern USA
    • Hickler, T., Smith, B., Sykes, M.T., Davis, M.B., Sugita, S. & Walker, K. 2004. Using a generalized vegetation model to simulate vegetation dynamics in Northeastern USA. Ecology 85: 519-530.
    • (2004) Ecology , vol.85 , pp. 519-530
    • Hickler, T.1    Smith, B.2    Sykes, M.T.3    Davis, M.B.4    Sugita, S.5    Walker, K.6
  • 35
    • 0345189809 scopus 로고
    • Determinations of world formulations for simple climatic data
    • Holdridge, L.R. 1947. Determinations of world formulations for simple climatic data. Science 105: 367-368.
    • (1947) Science , vol.105 , pp. 367-368
    • Holdridge, L.R.1
  • 36
    • 0034480649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National-scale conservation assessments at an appropriate resolution
    • Hopkinson, P., Evans, J. & Gregory, R.D. 2000. National-scale conservation assessments at an appropriate resolution. Diversity and Distributions 6: 195-204.
    • (2000) Diversity and Distributions , vol.6 , pp. 195-204
    • Hopkinson, P.1    Evans, J.2    Gregory, R.D.3
  • 37
    • 0022783893 scopus 로고
    • Regional reference sites
    • a method for assessing stream potentials.
    • Hughes, R.M., Larsen, D.P. & Omernik, J.M. 1986. Regional reference sites: a method for assessing stream potentials. Environmental Management 10: 629-635.
    • (1986) Environmental Management , vol.10 , pp. 629-635
    • Hughes, R.M.1    Larsen, D.P.2    Omernik, J.M.3
  • 38
    • 2342565442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological invasions: winning the science battles but losing the conservation war?
    • Hulme, P.E. 2003. Biological invasions: winning the science battles but losing the conservation war? Oryx 37: 178-193.
    • (2003) Oryx , vol.37 , pp. 178-193
    • Hulme, P.E.1
  • 39
    • 79959949992 scopus 로고
    • Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias (INIFAP) & Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO). México DF.
    • Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias (INIFAP) & Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO). 1995. Edafología. Escalas 1:250 000 y 1:1 000 000. México DF. and
    • (1995) Edafología. Escalas 1:250 000 y 1:1 000 000
  • 40
    • 79959937360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The International Plant Names Index. Published on the Internet.
    • The International Plant Names Index. 2008. Published on the Internet .
    • (2008)
  • 41
    • 33749344437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling regional climate change effects on potential natural ecosystems in Sweden
    • Koca, D., Smith, B. & Sykes, M.T. 2006. Modelling regional climate change effects on potential natural ecosystems in Sweden. Climatic Change 78: 381-406.
    • (2006) Climatic Change , vol.78 , pp. 381-406
    • Koca, D.1    Smith, B.2    Sykes, M.T.3
  • 43
    • 0033789940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scaling down
    • on the challenge of estimating abundance from occurrence patterns.
    • Kunin, W.E., Hartley, S. & Lennon, J.J. 2000. Scaling down: on the challenge of estimating abundance from occurrence patterns. American Naturalist 156: 560-566.
    • (2000) American Naturalist , vol.156 , pp. 560-566
    • Kunin, W.E.1    Hartley, S.2    Lennon, J.J.3
  • 44
    • 1942452386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving accuracy and cost of two-class and multi-class probabilistic classifiers using ROC curves. Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference on Machine Learning 416-423. AAAI Press.
    • Lachiche, N. & Flach, P. 2003. Improving accuracy and cost of two-class and multi-class probabilistic classifiers using ROC curves. Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 416-423. AAAI Press.
    • (2003)
    • Lachiche, N.1    Flach, P.2
  • 45
    • 0345040873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification and regression by random forest
    • Liaw, A. & Wiener, M. 2002. Classification and regression by random forest. R News 2: 18-22.
    • (2002) R News , vol.2 , pp. 18-22
    • Liaw, A.1    Wiener, M.2
  • 47
    • 32044455808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using coarse-grained occurrence data to predict species distributions at finer spatial resolutions-possibilities and limitations
    • Mcpherson, J.M., Jetz, W. & Rogers, D.J. 2006. Using coarse-grained occurrence data to predict species distributions at finer spatial resolutions-possibilities and limitations. Ecological Modelling 192: 499-522.
    • (2006) Ecological Modelling , vol.192 , pp. 499-522
    • Mcpherson, J.M.1    Jetz, W.2    Rogers, D.J.3
  • 49
    • 79960016443 scopus 로고
    • Ediciones del Gobierno del Estado, Chiapas, MX.
    • Miranda, F. 1952. Vegetación de Chiapas. Volumen 1, Ediciones del Gobierno del Estado, Chiapas, MX.
    • (1952) Vegetación de Chiapas , vol.1
    • Miranda, F.1
  • 50
    • 1642417545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restoration of living environment based on vegetation ecology
    • theory and practice.
    • Miyawaki, A. 2004. Restoration of living environment based on vegetation ecology: theory and practice. Ecological Research 19: 83-90.
    • (2004) Ecological Research , vol.19 , pp. 83-90
    • Miyawaki, A.1
  • 51
    • 0001648401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstructed natural versus potential natural vegetation in vegetation mapping
    • a discussion of concepts.
    • Moravec, J. 1998. Reconstructed natural versus potential natural vegetation in vegetation mapping: a discussion of concepts. Applied Vegetation Science 1: 173-176.
    • (1998) Applied Vegetation Science , vol.1 , pp. 173-176
    • Moravec, J.1
  • 52
    • 2342614840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of statistical methods commonly used in predictive modelling
    • Muñoz, J. & Felicísimo, A.M. 2004. Comparison of statistical methods commonly used in predictive modelling. Journal of Vegetation Science 15: 285-292.
    • (2004) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.15 , pp. 285-292
    • Muñoz, J.1    Felicísimo, A.M.2
  • 53
    • 41849137581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restoration of Dryland Forests in Latin America
    • the ReForLan Project.
    • Newton, A.C. 2008. Restoration of Dryland Forests in Latin America: the ReForLan Project. Ecological Restoration 26: 10-13.
    • (2008) Ecological Restoration , vol.26 , pp. 10-13
    • Newton, A.C.1
  • 55
    • 79959927846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Árboles tropicales de México. Manual para la identificación de las principales especies 523. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Dirección General de Publicaciones y Fomento Editorial. Mexico.
    • Pennington, T.D. & Sarukhán, J. 2005. Árboles tropicales de México. Manual para la identificación de las principales especies, pp. 523. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Dirección General de Publicaciones y Fomento Editorial. Mexico.
    • (2005)
    • Pennington, T.D.1    Sarukhán, J.2
  • 56
    • 33645119114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coexistence and divergence of tropical dry forests and savannas in Southern Mexico
    • Pérez-García, E.A. & Meave, J.A. 2006. Coexistence and divergence of tropical dry forests and savannas in Southern Mexico. Journal of Biogeography 33: 438-447.
    • (2006) Journal of Biogeography , vol.33 , pp. 438-447
    • Pérez-García, E.A.1    Meave, J.A.2
  • 58
    • 70249104205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ever since Clements: from succession to vegetation dynamics and understanding to intervention
    • Pickett, S.T.A., Cadenasso, M.L. & Meiners, S.J. 2009. Ever since Clements: from succession to vegetation dynamics and understanding to intervention. Applied Vegetation Science 12: 9-21.
    • (2009) Applied Vegetation Science , vol.12 , pp. 9-21
    • Pickett, S.T.A.1    Cadenasso, M.L.2    Meiners, S.J.3
  • 59
    • 33645330972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newer classification and regression tree techniques
    • bagging and random forests for ecological prediction.
    • Prasad, A.M., Iverson, L.R. & Liaw, A. 2006. Newer classification and regression tree techniques: bagging and random forests for ecological prediction. Ecosystems 9: 181-199.
    • (2006) Ecosystems , vol.9 , pp. 181-199
    • Prasad, A.M.1    Iverson, L.R.2    Liaw, A.3
  • 60
    • 79959944718 scopus 로고
    • La sabana de Huimanguillo, Tabasco, M é xico, M é xico, DF
    • Puig, H. 1972. Memorias I Congreso Latinoamericano de Botánica. La sabana de Huimanguillo, Tabasco, M é xico, M é xico, DF pp. 389-411.
    • (1972) Memorias I Congreso Latinoamericano de Botánica , pp. 389-411
    • Puig, H.1
  • 61
    • 1942452360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing technology for mapping and monitoring land-cover and land-use change
    • Rogan, J. & Chen, D. 2004. Remote sensing technology for mapping and monitoring land-cover and land-use change. Progress in Planning 61: 301-325.
    • (2004) Progress in Planning , vol.61 , pp. 301-325
    • Rogan, J.1    Chen, D.2
  • 62
    • 41249103454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping land-cover modifications over large areas
    • a comparison of machine learning algorithms.
    • Rogan, J., Franklin, J., Stow, D., Miller, J., Woodcock, C. & Roberts, D. 2008. Mapping land-cover modifications over large areas: a comparison of machine learning algorithms. Remote Sensing of Environment 112: 2272-2283.
    • (2008) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.112 , pp. 2272-2283
    • Rogan, J.1    Franklin, J.2    Stow, D.3    Miller, J.4    Woodcock, C.5    Roberts, D.6
  • 64
    • 0038061912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring conservation value at fine and broad scales
    • implications for a diverse and fragmented region, the Agulhas Plain.
    • Rouget, M. 2003. Measuring conservation value at fine and broad scales: implications for a diverse and fragmented region, the Agulhas Plain. Biological Conservation 112: 217-232.
    • (2003) Biological Conservation , vol.112 , pp. 217-232
    • Rouget, M.1
  • 66
    • 79959941141 scopus 로고
    • Vegetación Potencial. Atlas Nacional de México. Scale 1:4 000 000. Instituto de Geografía. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).
    • Rzedowski, J. 1990. Vegetación Potencial. Atlas Nacional de México. Vol. 2. Scale 1:4 000 000. Instituto de Geografía. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).
    • (1990) , vol.2
    • Rzedowski, J.1
  • 67
    • 5644271714 scopus 로고
    • Los tipos de vegetación arbórea de la zona cálido-húmeda de México
    • In: Pennington, T.D. & Sarukhán, J. (eds.) .Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales & Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Mexico.
    • Sarukhán, K.J. 1968. Los tipos de vegetación arbórea de la zona cálido-húmeda de México. In: Pennington, T.D. & Sarukhán, J. (eds.) Manual para la identificación de los principales árboles tropicales de México. pp. 3-46. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales & Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Mexico.
    • (1968) Manual para la identificación de los principales árboles tropicales de México , pp. 3-46
    • Sarukhán, K.J.1
  • 68
    • 79959925890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT). Mapa de suelos dominantes de la República Mexicana. Scale 1:4 000 000. Mexico.
    • Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT). 1998. Mapa de suelos dominantes de la República Mexicana. Scale 1:4 000 000. Mexico.
    • (1998)
  • 71
    • 70649114623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Navigating Random Forests and related advances in algorithmic modeling
    • Siroky, D.S. 2009. Navigating Random Forests and related advances in algorithmic modeling. Statistics Surveys 3: 147-163.
    • (2009) Statistics Surveys , vol.3 , pp. 147-163
    • Siroky, D.S.1
  • 72
    • 0027006924 scopus 로고
    • Effects of habitat map generalization in biodiversity assessment
    • Stoms, D.M. 1992. Effects of habitat map generalization in biodiversity assessment. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 58: 1587-1591.
    • (1992) Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , vol.58 , pp. 1587-1591
    • Stoms, D.M.1
  • 73
    • 0027333544 scopus 로고
    • A procedure for generating synthetic weather records in conjunction of climatic scenario for modelling of ecological impacts of changing climate in boreal conditions
    • Strandman, H., Väisänen, H. & Kellomäki, S. 1993. A procedure for generating synthetic weather records in conjunction of climatic scenario for modelling of ecological impacts of changing climate in boreal conditions. Ecological Modelling 70: 195-220.
    • (1993) Ecological Modelling , vol.70 , pp. 195-220
    • Strandman, H.1    Väisänen, H.2    Kellomäki, S.3
  • 76
    • 0034060556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deforestation of seasonally dry tropical forest
    • a national and local analysis in Mexico.
    • Trejo, I. & Dirzo, R. 2000. Deforestation of seasonally dry tropical forest: a national and local analysis in Mexico. Biological Conservation 94: 133-142.
    • (2000) Biological Conservation , vol.94 , pp. 133-142
    • Trejo, I.1    Dirzo, R.2
  • 77
    • 0007901680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping vegetation in an arid, mountainous region of Western Australia
    • van Etten, E.J.B. 1998. Mapping vegetation in an arid, mountainous region of Western Australia. Applied Vegetation Science 1: 189-200.
    • (1998) Applied Vegetation Science , vol.1 , pp. 189-200
    • van Etten, E.J.B.1
  • 78
    • 0031396012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the vulnerability of forest ecosystems to climate change in Mexico
    • Villers-Ruiz, L. & Trejo-Vázquez, I. 1997. Assessment of the vulnerability of forest ecosystems to climate change in Mexico. Climate Research 9: 87-93.
    • (1997) Climate Research , vol.9 , pp. 87-93
    • Villers-Ruiz, L.1    Trejo-Vázquez, I.2
  • 79
  • 80
    • 39449139434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-linear statistical downscaling of present and LGM precipitation and temperatures over Europe
    • Vrac, M., Paillard, D. & Naveau, P. 2007. Non-linear statistical downscaling of present and LGM precipitation and temperatures over Europe. Climate of the Past Discussions 3: 899-933.
    • (2007) Climate of the Past Discussions , vol.3 , pp. 899-933
    • Vrac, M.1    Paillard, D.2    Naveau, P.3
  • 81
    • 0000016376 scopus 로고
    • Pattern, process, and natural disturbance in vegetation
    • White, P.S. 1979. Pattern, process, and natural disturbance in vegetation. The Botanical Review 45: 229-299.
    • (1979) The Botanical Review , vol.45 , pp. 229-299
    • White, P.S.1
  • 82
    • 0033980778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the correlative Holdridge model to mechanistic biogeographical models for assessing vegetation distribution response to climate change
    • Yates, D.N., Kittel, T.G. & Cannon, R.F. 2000. Comparing the correlative Holdridge model to mechanistic biogeographical models for assessing vegetation distribution response to climate change. Climatic Change 44: 59-87.
    • (2000) Climatic Change , vol.44 , pp. 59-87
    • Yates, D.N.1    Kittel, T.G.2    Cannon, R.F.3
  • 83
    • 0000520596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential natural vegetation
    • validity and applicability in landscape planning and nature conservation.
    • Zerbe, S. 1998. Potential natural vegetation: validity and applicability in landscape planning and nature conservation. Applied Vegetation Science 1: 165-172.
    • (1998) Applied Vegetation Science , vol.1 , pp. 165-172
    • Zerbe, S.1
  • 84
    • 0027457620 scopus 로고
    • Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) plots
    • a fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine.
    • Zweig, M.H. & Campbell, G. 1993. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) plots: a fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine. Clinical Chemistry 39: 561-577.
    • (1993) Clinical Chemistry , vol.39 , pp. 561-577
    • Zweig, M.H.1    Campbell, G.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.