Biological invasions: Winning the science battles but losing the conservation war?

ORYX

Volumn 37, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 178-193

  Hulme, Philip E ^a,b,c  

^a CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^b BRITISH ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY   (United Kingdom)

^c UK Government's Advisory Committee on Releases to the Environment ^*  (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Aliens; Biodiversity; Ecosystem impacts; Exotic species; Management; Maps; Models; Non indigenous species

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL INVASION; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; ECOLOGICAL MODELING; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 2342565442     PISSN: 00306053     EISSN: 13653008     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S003060530300036X     Document Type: Article

References (101)

1. Allen, L.J.S., Allen, E.S., Kunst, C.R.G. & Sosebee R.E. (1991) A diffusion model for dispersal of Opuntia imbricata (Cholla) on rangeland. Journal of Ecology, 79, 1123-1135.
2. Bakkenes, M., Alkemade, J.R.M., Ihle, F., Leemans, R. & Latour J.B. (2002) Assessing effects of forecasted climate change on the diversity and distribution of European higher plants for 2050. Global Change Biology, 8, 390-407.
3. Baskin, Y. (2002) A Plague of Rats and Rubber Vines. Island Press, Washington, DC, USA.
4. Beerling, D.J. (1993) The impact of temperature on the northern distribution limits of the introduced species Fallopia japonica and Impatiens glandulifera in north-west Europe. Journal of Biogeography, 20, 45-53.
5. Beerling, D.J., Bailey, J.P. & Conolly, A.P. (1994) Biological Flora of the British Isles: Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decraena. Journal of Ecology, 82, 959-979.
6. Beerling, D.J., Huntley, B. & Bailey, J.P. (1995) Climate and the distribution of Fallopia japonica: use of an introduced species to test the predictive capacity of response surfaces. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6, 269-282.
7. Botkin, D.B. (2001) The naturalness of biological invasions. Western North American Naturalist, 61, 261-266.
8. Brändle, M. & Brandl, R. (2001) Species richness of insects and mites on trees: expanding Southwood. Journal of Animal Ecology, 70, 491-504.
9. Bright, C. (1998) Life Out of Bounds: Bioinvasion in a Borderless World. Worldwatch Institute, Washington, DC, USA.
10. Brundu, G., Brock, J., Camarda, I., Child, L.E. & Wade, M. (2001) Plant Invasions: Species Ecology and Ecosystem Management. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands.
11. Byers, J.E., Reichard, S., Smith, C.S., Parker, I.M., Randall, J.M., Lonsdale, W.M., Atkinson, I.A.E., Seasted, T., Chomesky, E., Hayes, D. & Williamson, M. (2002). Directing research to reduce the impacts of non-indigenous species. Conservation Biology, 16, 630-640.
12. Cadotte, M.W. & Lovett-Doust, J. (2001) Ecological and taxonomic differences between native and introduced plants of south-western Ontario. Ecoscience, 8, 230-238.
13. Caffrey, J.M. (2001) The management of giant hogweed in an Irish river catchment. Journal of Aquatic Plant Management, 39, 28-33.
14. Carter, R.N. & Prince, S.D. (1988) Distribution limits from a demographic viewpoint. In Plant Population Ecology (eds A.J. Davy, M.J. Hutchings & A.R. Watkinson), pp. 165-184. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
15. Clark, J., Fastie, C., Hurtt, G., Jackson, S., Johnson, C., King, G., Lewis, M., Lynch, J., Pacala, S., Prentice, C., Schupp, G., Webb, T. & Wyckoff, P. (1998) Dispersal theory offers solutions to Reid's Paradox of rapid plant migration. BioScience, 48, 13-24.
16. Collingham, Y.C., Huntley, B. & Hulme, P.E. (1997) The use of a spatially explicit model to simulate the spread of riparian weeds. In Proceedings of the International Association for Landscape Ecology. Species Dispersal and Land Use Processes (eds A. Cooper & J. Power), pp. 45-52.
17. Collingham, Y.C., Wadsworth, R.A., Willis, S.G., Huntley, B. & Hulme, P.E. (2000) Predicting the spatial distribution of alien riparian species: issues of spatial scale and extent. Journal of Applied Ecology, 37 (Suppl. 1), 13-27.
18. Collins, M.D., Vazquez, D.P. & Sanders, N.J. (2002) Species-area curves, homogenisation and the loss of diversity. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 4, 457-464.
19. Compton, S.G. & Key, R.S. (1998) Species Action Plan: Lundy Cabbage (Coincya wrightii) and its associated insects. English Nature, Peterborough, UK.
20. Crawley, M.J. (1986) What makes a community invasible? In Colonization, Succession and Stability (eds A.J. Gray, M.J. Crawley & P.J. Edwards), pp. 429-453. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
21. Daehler, C.C. (2001) Darwin's naturalization hypothesis revisited American Naturalist, 158, 324-330.
22. Daehler, C.C. & Carino, D.A. (2000) predicting invasive plants: prospects for a general screening system based on current regional models. Biological Invasions, 2, 93-102.
23. Darwin, C. (1859) On the Origin of Species. Murray, London, UK.
24. Davis, A.J., Jenkinson, L.S., Lawton, J.H., Shorrocks, B. & Wood, S. (1998) Making mistakes when predicting shifts in species range in response to global warming. Nature, 391, 783-786.
25. Dawson, F.H. & Holland, D. (1999) The distribution in bankside habitats of three alien plants in the UK in relation to the development of control strategies. Hydrobiologia, 415, 193-201.
26. Department of the Environment (DoE) (1997) The Regulation and Control of the Release of Non-native Animals and Plants into the Wild in Great Britain. Department of the Environment, London, UK.
27. Dickson, J.H., Macpherson, P. & Watson, K. (2000) The Changing Flora of Glasgow: Urban and Rural Plants through the Centuries. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, UK.
28. Dodd, F.S., de Waal, L.C., Wade, P.M. & Tiley, G.E.D. (1994) Control and management of Heracleum mantegazzianum (Giant hogweed). In Ecology and Management of Invasive Riverside Plants. (eds L.C. de Waal, L.E. Child, P.M. Wade & J.H. Brock) pp. 111-126. John Wiley, Chichester, UK.
29. Duncan, R.P. & Williams, P.A. (2002) Darwin's naturalization hypothesis challenged. Nature, 417, 608-609.
30. Ewel, J.J., O'Dowd, D.J, Bergelson, J., Daehler, C.C., D'Antonio, C.M., Gomez, L.D., Gordon, D.R., Hobbs R.J., Holt, A., Hopper, K.R., Hughes, C.E., Lahart, M., Leakey, R.R.B., Lee, W.G, Loope, L.L., Lorence, D.H., Louda, S.M., Lugo, A.E., McEvoy, P.B., Richardson, D.M. & Vitousek, P.M. (1999) Deliberate introductions of species: Research needs - benefits can be reaped, but risks are high. BioScience, 49, 619-630.
31. Franklin, J. (1995) Predictive vegetation mapping: geographic modelling of biospatial patterns in relation to environmental gradients. Progress in Physical Geography, 19, 474-499.
32. Gilbert, O.L. (1989) The Ecology of Urban Habitats. Chapman & Hall, London, UK.
33. Gould, S.J. (2002) I Have Landed: The End of a Beginning in Natural History. Harmony Books, New York, USA.
34. Gritten, R.H. (1995) Rhododendron ponticum and some other invasive plants in the Snowdonia National Park. In Plant Invasions: General Aspects and Special Problems (eds P. Pysek, K. Prach, M. Rejmánek & M. Wade), pp. 213-219. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
35. Hannah, L., Carr, J.L. & Lankerani, A. (1995). Human disturbance and natural habitat: a biome level analysis of a global data set. Biodiversity and Conservation, 4, 128-155.
36. Headrick, D.H. & Goeden, R.D. (2001) Biological control as a tool for ecosystem management. Biological Control, 21, 249-257.
37. Higgins, S.I. & Richardson, D.M. (1996) A review of models of alien plant spread. Ecological Modelling, 87, 249-265.
38. Higgins, S.I. & Richardson, D.M. (1999) Predicting plant migration rates in a changing world: the role of long-distance dispersal. American Naturalist, 153, 464-475.
39. Higgins, S.I., Richardson, D.M. & Cowling R.M. (1996) Modeling invasive plant spread: The role of plant-environment interaction and model structure. Ecology, 77, 2043-2054.
40. Higgins, S.I., Richardson, D.M. & Cowling, R.M. (2000) Using a dynamic landscape model for planning the management of alien plant invasions. Ecological Applications, 10, 1833-1848.
41. HMSO (1981) The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. HMSO, London, UK.
42. Hodkinson, D.J. & Thompson, K. (1997) Plant dispersal: the role of man. Journal of Applied Ecology, 34, 1484-1496.
43. Hulme, P.E., Crawley, M.J., Hofgaard, A., Huntley, B., Lurz, P., O'Connell, M., Rushton, S., Schaffner, U., Sykes, M., Vila, M., Watt, A. & Willis, S.G. (2000) Alien species and outbreaking species in ecosystems. In Terrestrial Ecosystem Research in Europe: Success, Challenges and Policy (eds M.A. Sutton, J.M. Moreno, W.H. van der Putten & S. Struwe), pp. 44-48. European Commission, Luxembourg.
44. Jalas, J. & Suominen, J. (1972-1994) Atlas Florae Europaeae: Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. Societas Vanamo, Helsinki, Finland.
45. Kennedy, C.E.J. & Southwood, T.R.E. (1984) The number of species of insects associated with British trees: a re-analysis. Journal of Animal Ecology, 53, 455-478.
46. Lawton, J.H. (2000) Community Ecology in a Changing World. Ecology Institute, Luhe, Germany.
47. Levine, J.M. & D'Antonio, C.M. (1999) Elton revisited: a review of evidence linking diversity and invasibility. Oikos, 87, 15-26.
48. Mack, R.N., Simberloff, D., Lonsdale, W.M., Evans, H., Clout, M. & Bazzaz, F.A. (2000) Biotic invasions: causes, epidemiology, global consequences, and control. Ecological Applications, 10, 689-710.
49. Manchester, S.J. & Bullock, J.M. (2000) The impacts of non-native species on UK biodiversity and the effectiveness of control. Journal of Applied Ecology, 37, 845-864.
50. Maron, J.L. & Vila, M. (2001) When do herbivores affect plant invasion? Evidence for the natural enemies and biotic resistance hypotheses. Oikos, 95, 361-373.
51. Masters, R.A. & Sheley, R.L. (2001) Principles and practices for managing rangeland invasive plants. Journal of Range Management, 54, 213-225.
52. May, R.M. (1989) Levels of organization in ecology. In Ecological Concepts (ed. J. M. Cherrett), pp. 339-363. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
53. McEvoy, P.B. & Coombs, E.M. (1999) Biological control of plant invaders: Regional patterns, field experiments, and structured population models. Ecological Applications, 9, 387-401.
54. McFadyen, R.E.C. (1998) Biological control of weeds. Annual Review of Entomology, 43, 369-393.
55. McNeeley, J.A. (2001) The Great Reshuffling; Human Dimensions of Invasive Alien Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
56. McNeeley, J.A., Mooney, H.A., Neville, L.E., Schei, P. & Waage, J.K. (2001) A Global Strategy on Invasive Alien Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
57. Moody, M.E. & Mack, R.N. (1988) Controlling the spread of plant invasions: the importance of nascent foci. Journal of Applied Ecology, 25, 1009-1021.
58. Mooney, H.A. & Hobbs, R.J. (2000) Invasive Species in a Changing World. Island Press, Washington, DC, USA.
59. Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) (1993) Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, USA.
60. Panetta, F.D. & Mitchell, N.D. (1991) Bioclimatic prediction of the potential distribution of some weed species prohibited entry to New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 34, 341-350.
61. Parker, I.M., Simberloff, D., Lonsdale, W.M., Goodell, K., Wonham, M., Kareiva, P.M., Williamson, M.H., Von Holle, B., Moyle, P.B., Byers, J.E. & Goldwasser, L. (1999) Impact: Toward a framework for understanding the ecological effects of invaders. Biological Invasions, 1, 3-19.
62. Perring, F.H. & Walters, S.M. (1976) Atlas of the British Flora (2nd edition). EP Publishing for the Botanical Society of the British Isles, UK.
63. Perrings, C., Williamson, M. & Dalmazone, S. (2000) The Economics of Biological Invasions. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK.
64. Peterson, A.T. & Vieglais, D.A. (2001) Predicting species invasions using ecological niche modeling: new approaches from bioinformatics attack a pressing problem. BioScience, 51, 363-371.
65. Pimentel, D. (2002) Biological Invasions: Economic and Environmental Costs of Alien Plant, Animal, and Microbe Species. CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA.
66. Pimentel, D., McNair, S., Janecka, J., Wightman, J., Simmonds, C., O'Connell, C., Wong, E., Russel, L., Zern, J., Aquino, T. & Tsomondo, T. (2001) Economic and environmental threats of alien plant, animal, and microbe invasions Agroecosystems and Environment, 84, 1-20.
67. Plant Life (2000) At War with Aliens. Plant Life Publications, London, UK.
68. Preston, C.D, Pearman, D.A. & Dines, T.D. (2002a) New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
69. Preston, C.D., Telfer, M.G., Arnold, H.R., Carey, P.D., Cooper, J.M., Dines, T.D., Hill, M.O., Pearman, D.A., Roy, D.B. & Smart, S.M. (2002b) The Changing Flora of the UK. DEFRA, London, UK.
70. Pysek, P. (1998a) Alien and native species in Central European urban floras: a quantitative comparison. Journal of Biogeography, 25, 155-163.
71. Pysek, P. (1998b) Is there a taxonomic pattern to plant invasions? Oikos, 82, 282-294.
72. Pysek, P., Jarosik, V. & Kucera, T. (2002) Patterns of invasion in temperate nature reserves Biological Conservation, 104, 13-24.
73. Radford, I.J. & Cousens, R.D. (2000) Invasiveness and comparative life-history traits of exotic and indigenous Senecio species in Australia. Oecologia, 125, 531-542.
74. Ratcliffe, D.A. (1977) A Nature Conservation Review. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
75. Rejmánek, M. (1996) A theory of seed plant invasiveness: the first sketch. Biological Conservation, 78, 171-181.
76. Rejmánek, M. (1998) Invasive plant species and invadible ecosystems. In Invasive species and biodiversity management (eds O.T. Sandlund, P.J. Schei & A. Vilken), pp. 79-102. Kluwer, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
77. Rejmánek, M., Richardson, D.M., Higgins, S.I., Pitcairn, M. & Grotkopp, E. (in press) Plant invasion ecology: state of the art. In Invasive Alien Species: Searching for Solutions (eds H.A. Mooney, J.A. McNeeley, L. Neville, P.J. Schei & J. Waage). Island Press, Washington, DC, USA.
78. Richardson, D.M., Allsopp, N., D'Antonio, C., Milton, S.J. & Rejmánek, M. (2000). Plant invasions - The role of mutualisms. Biological Reviews, 75, 65-93.
79. Rosenzweig, M. (2001) The four questions: What does the introduction of exotic species do to diversity? Evolutionary Ecology Research, 3, 361-367.
80. Sagoff, M. (1999) What's wrong with alien species? Report of the Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy, 19, 16-23.
81. Sakai, A.K., Weller, S.G., Allendorf, F.W., Holt, J.S., Lodge, D.M., Molofsky, J., With, K.A., Baughman, S., Cabin, R.J., Cohen, J.E., Ellstrand, N.C., McCauley, D.E., O'Neil, P., Parker, I.M. & Thompson, J.N. (2001) The population biology of invasive species. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 32, 30532.
82. Sampson, C. (1994) Cost and impact of current control methods used against Heracleum mantegazzianum (Giant Hogweed) and the case for investigating biological control. In Ecology and Management of Invasive Riverside Plants. (eds L.C. de Waal, L.E. Child, P.M. Wade & J.H. Brock), pp. 55-65. John Wiley, Chichester, UK.
83. Shea, K. & Chesson, P. (2002) Community ecology theory as a framework for biological invasions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 17, 170-176.
84. Shine, C., Williams, N. & Gundling, L. (2000) A Guide to Designing Legal and Institutional Frameworks on Alien Invasive Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
85. Slobodkin, L.B. (2001). The good, the bad and the reified. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 3, 1-13.
86. Smith, M.D. & Knapp, A.K. (2001) Physiological and morphological traits of exotic, invasive exotic, and native plant species in tallgrass prairie. International Journal of Plant Science, 162, 785-792.
87. Smith, C.S, Lonsdale, W.M. & Fortune, J. (1999) When to ignore advice: invasion predictions and decision theory. Biological Invasions, 1, 89-96.
88. Sykes, M.T. (2001) Modelling the potential distribution and community dynamics of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex. Loud.) in Scandinavia. Forest Ecology & Management, 141, 69-84.
89. Thompson, K., Hodgson, J.G. & Rich, T.C.G. (1995) Native and alien invasive plants: more of the same? Ecography, 18, 390-402.
90. Tiley, G.E.D. & Philp, B. (1994) Heracleum mantegazzianum (Giant Hogweed) and its control in Scotland. In Ecology and Management of Invasive Riverside Plants. (eds L.C. de Waal, L.E. Child, P.M. Wade & J.H. Brock), pp. 101-109. John Wiley, Chichester, UK.
91. Trueman, I., Morton, A. & Wainwright, M. (1995) The Flora of Montgomeryshire. The Montgomeryshire Field Society and The Montgomeryshire Wildlife Trust, Welshpool, UK.
92. USDA & NRCS (2002) The PLANTS Database. Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, USA.
93. Van Wilgen, B.W., Richardson, D.M., Le Maitre, D.C, Marais, C. & Magadlela, D. (2001) The economic consequences of alien invasions: Examples of impacts and approaches for sustainable management in South Africa. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 3, 145-168.
94. Wadsworth, R.A., Collingham, Y.C., Willis, S.G., Huntley, B. & Hulme, P.E. (2000) Simulating the spread and management of alien riparian weeds: are they out of control? Journal of Applied Ecology, 37 (suppl. 1), 28-38.
95. Welch, D., Carss, D.N., Gornall, J., Manchester, S.J., Marquiss, M., Preston, C.D., Telfer, M.G., Arnold, H. & Holbrook, J. (2001) An Audit of Alien Species in Scotland. Scottish Natural Heritage Review 139, Edinburgh, UK.
96. Williamson, M. (1996) Biological Invasions. Chapman & Hall, London, UK.
97. Willis, S.G & Hulme, P.E. (2002) Does temperature limit the invasion of Impatiens glandulifera and Heracleum mantegazzianum: in the UK? Functional Ecology, 16, 530-539.
98. Wilson, E.O. (1992) The Diversity of Life. Belknap Press, Cambridge, USA.
99. Wilson, J.B., Rapson, G.L., Sykes, M.T., Watkins, A.J. & Williams, P.A. (1992) Distributions and climatic correlations of some exotic species along roadsides in South Island, New Zealand. Journal of Biogeography, 19, 183-193.
100. Wittenberg, R. & Cock, M.J.W. (eds) (2001) Invasive Alien Species: A Toolkit for Best Prevention and Management Practices. CAB International, Wallingford, UK [also available at http://www.cabi-bioscience.ch/wwwgisp, accessed 1 April 2004].
101. Woodward, F.I. (1987) Climate and Plant Distribution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.