Adhesive forces and time dependent behaviour (creep and loading rate effects) on nanomechanical properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and PDMS nanocomposite

Journal of Nanostructured Polymers and Nanocomposites

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 32-42

  Charitidis, C A ^a   Koumoulos, E P ^a   Tsikourkitoudi, V P ^a   Vasilakos, S P ^a   Tarantili, P A ^a  

^a NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

Author keywords

Creep; Forces; Loading rate; Nanoindentation; Polysiloxane nanocomposites; Time dependent properties

Indexed keywords

ADHESIVE CONTACT; ADHESIVE FORCE; BERKOVICH INDENTERS; CREEP BEHAVIOUR; FORCES; HOLD TIME; INDENTERS; LOADING RATE; LOADING RATE EFFECTS; NANOINDENTATION TECHNIQUES; NANOMECHANICAL PROPERTY; NO LOAD; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE PDMS; SILICONE ELASTOMERS; SOFT MATERIAL; SOFT POLYMERS; SURFACE PROCESS; TIME- DEPENDENT PROPERTIES; TIME-DEPENDENT BEHAVIOUR; UNLOADING CURVES;

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CREEP; INDENTATION; INVESTMENTS; LOADING; LOADS (FORCES); NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOINDENTATION; PLASTIC DEFORMATION; SILICONES; UNLOADING;

MICROCHANNELS;

EID: 79958744056     PISSN: 17904439     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Silva, M.N, Desai, R., Odde, D.J. Micro- patterning of animal cells on PDMS substrates in the presence of serum without use of adhesion inhibitors, J. Biomed Microdev. 6 (2004) 219-222.
2. Roure, O., Saez, A., Buguin, A., Austin, R.H., Chavrier, P., Siberzan, P., Ladoux, B., Force mapping in epithelial cell migration, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 102 (2005) 2390-2395.
3. Ostuni, E., Kane, R., Chen, S.C., Ingber, D.E., Whitesides, G.M., Patterning mammalian cells using elastomeric membranes, Langm. 16 (2000) 7811-7819.
4. Peterson, S.L., McDonald, A., Gourley, P.L., Sasaki, D.Y., Poly(dimethylsiloxane) thin films as biocompatible coatings for microfluidic devices: Cell culture and flow studies with glial cells, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A.72 (2005) 10-18.
5. Balaban, N.Q., Schwarz, U.S., Riveline, D., Goichberg, P., Tzur, G., Sabanay, I., Mahalu, D., Safran, S., Bershadsky, A., Addadi, L., Geiger, B., Force and focal adhesion assembly: a close relationship studied using elastic micropatterned substrates, J. Nat. Cell Biol. 3 (2001) 466-472.
6. Burton, K., Taylor, D.L., Traction forces of cytokinesis measured with optically modified elastic substrata, J. Nat. 385 (1997) 450-454.
7. Harris, A.K., Wild, P., Stopak, D., Silicone rubber substrata: a new wrinkle in the study of cell locomotion, en. 208 (1980) 177-179.
8. Mata, A., Fleischman, A.J., Roy, S., Characterization of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) properties for biomedical micro/nanosystems, J. Bio. Micro. 7 (2005) 281-293.
9. Brown, X.Q., Ookawa, K., Wong, J.Y., Evaluation of polydimethylsiloxane scaffolds with physiologically- relevant elastic moduli: interplay of substrate mechanics and surface chemistry effects on vascular smooth muscle cell response, J. Biomater. 26 (2005) 3123-3129.
10. Tan, J.L., Liu, W., Nelson, C.M., Raghavan, S., Chen, C.S., Simple approach to micropattern cells on common culture substrates by tuning substrate wettability, J. Tis. Eng. 10 (2004) 865-872.
11. Clarson, S.J., Semlyen, J.A., Siloxane Polymers. PTR Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1993, pp. 193-215.
12. Wang, S., Long, C., Wang, X., Li, Q., Qi, Z., Synthesis and properties of silicone rubber/organomontmorillonite hybrid nanocomposites, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 69 (1998) 1557-1561.
13. Burnside, S.D., Giannelis, E.P., Synthesis and properties of new poly(dimethylsiloxane) nanocomposites, J. Chem. Mater. 7 (1995) 1597-1600.
14. Ma, J., Xu, J., Ren, J.H., Yu, Z.Z., Mai, Y.W., A new approach to polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites. J. Polym. 44 (2003) 4619-4624.
15. Ma, J., Yu, Z.Z., Kuan, H.C., Dasari, A., Mai, Y.W., A New Strategy to Exfoliate Silicone Rubber/ Clay Nanocomposites, J. Macromol. Rapid. Commun. 26 (2005) 830-833.
16. Wang, J., Chen, Y., Jin, Q., Organic Montmorillonite as a Substitute for Aerosilica in Addition- Type Liquid Silicone Rubber Systems, J. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 206 (2005) 2512-2520.
17. Wang, J., Chen, Y., Preparation of an organomontmorillonite master batch and its application to high- temperature- vulcanized silicone- rubber systems, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 107 (2008) 2059-2066.
18. Horsch, S., Serhatkulu, G., Gulari, E., Kannan, R.M., Supercritical CO2 dispersion of nano- clays and clay/polymer nanocomposites, J. Polym. 47 (2006) 7485-7496.
19. Choi, S.T., Jung, S.J., Earmme, Y.Y., Modifiedcreep experiment of an elastomer film on a rigid substrate using nanoindentation with a flat- ended cylindrical tip, J. Scrip. Mater. 58 (2008) 199-202.
20. Kaufman, J.D., Klapperich, C.M., Surface detection errors cause overestimation of the modulus in nanoindentation on soft materials, J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mat. 2(2009) 312-317.
21. Gupta, S., Carrillo, F., Li, C., Pruitt, L., Puttlitz, A., Adhesive Forces Significantly Affect Elastic Modulus Determination of Soft Polymeric Materials in Nanoindentation, Mater. Lett. 1 (2007) 448-451.
22. Koumoulos, E.P., Charitidis, C.A., Vasilakos, S., Tarantili, P.A., Nanoindentation Of Nanocomposites Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomers. 7th Conference Of Chemical Engineering, Patra 2009.;
23. Lu, H., Wang, B., Ma, J., Huang, G., Viswanathan, H., Measurement of Creep Compliance of Solid Polymers by Nanoindentation, J. Mech. Time- Dep. Mater. 7 (2003) 189-207.
24. Briscoe, B.J., Sebastian, K.S., Adams, M.J. The effect of indenter geometry on the elastic response to indentation, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 27 (1994) 1156-1162.
25. Briscoe, B.J., Fiori, L., Pelillo, E., Nano- indentation of polymeric surfaces, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 31 (1998) 2395-2405.
26. Yang, S., Zhang, Y.W., Zeng, K., Analysis of nanoindentation creep for polymeric materials, J. App. Phys. 95 (2004) 3655-3666.
27. Fischer-Cripps, A.C., A simple phenomenological approach to nanoindentation creep, J. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 385 (2004) 74-82.
28. CSM Instruments Applications Bulletin No. 22 April 2006.
29. Schmidt, D.F., Clément, F., Giannelis, E.P., On the origins of silicate dispersion in polysiloxane/layered- Silicate nanocomposites, J. Adv. Funct. Mater. 16 (2006) 417-425.
30. Cheng, Y.T., Cheng, C.M. What is indentation hardness?, J. Surf. Coat. Tech. 133-134 (2000) 417-424.
31. Leyland, A., Matthews, A., Design criteria for wearresistant nanostructured and glassy-metal coatings, J. Surf. Coat. Tech. 177-178 (2004) 317-324.
32. White, C.C., Vanlandingham, M.R., Drzal, P.L., Chang, N.K., Chang, S.H., Viscoelastic characterization of polymers using instrumented indentation. II. Dynamic testing. J. Pol. Sci. 43 (2005) 1812-1824.
33. Silberzan, P., Perutz, S., Kramer, E.J., Chaudhury, M.K., Study of the Self- Adhesion Hysteresis of a Siloxane Elastomer Using the JKR Method, Lang. 10 (1994) 2466-2470.
34. Choi, G.Y., Kang, J.F., Ulman, A., Zurawsky, W., Acid-Base Interaction in the Adhesion between Two Solid Surfaces, Lang. 15 (1999) 8783-8786.
35. Choi, G.Y., Kim, S., Ulman, A., Adhesion hysteresis studies of extracted poly(dimethylsiloxane) using contact mechanics, Lang. 13 (1997) 6333-6338.
36. Choi, G.Y., Zurawsky, W., Ulman, A., Molecular Weight Effects in Adhesion, Lang. 15 (1999) 8447-8450.
37. Kim, S., Choi, G.Y., Ulman, A., Fleischer, C., Effect of Chemical Functionality on Adhesion Hysteresis, Lang. 13 (1997) 6850-6856.
38. Mason, R., Emerson, J., Koberstein, J.T., Self-Adhesion Hysteresis In Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomers, J. Adhes. 25 (2004) 119-143.
39. Perutz, S., Kramer, E.J., Baney, J., Hui, C.Y., Cohen, C., Investigation of adhesion hysteresis in poly(dimethylsiloxane) networks using the JKR technique. J. Polym. Sci. 36 (1998) 2129-2139.
40. Perutz, S., Kramer, E.J., Baney, J., Hui, C.Y., Adhesion between Hydrolyzed Surfaces of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Networks, J. Macrom. 30 (1997) 7964-7969.
41. Takano, H., Kenseth, J.R., Wong, S.S., O'Brien, J.S., Porter, M.D., Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Using Scanning Force Microscopy, J. Chem. Rev. 99 (1999) 2845-2890.
42. Pickering, J.P., Vancso, G.J., Influence of tip indentation depth on the adhesive behavior of viscoelastic polydimethylsiloxane networks studied by atomic force microscopy, Macrom. Symp. 167 (2001) 189-199.
43. Vakarelski, I.U., Toritani, A., Nakayama, M., Hisashitani, K., Deformation and adhesion of elastomer microparticles evaluated by AFM, Lang. 17 (2001) 4739-4745.
44. Noel, O., Brogly, M., Castelein, G., Schultz, J., In situ estimation of the chemical and mechanical contributions in local adhesion force measurement with AFM: the specific case of polymers, J. Eur. Polym. 40 (2004) 965-974.
45. Gillies, G., Prestidge, C.A., Attard, P., An AFM Study of the Deformation and Nanorheology of Cross- Linked PDMS Droplets, Lang. 18 (2002) 1674-1679.
46. Derjaguin, B.V., Muller, V.M., Toporov, Y.P., Effect of contact deformations on the adhesion of particles, J. Colloid. Inter. Sci. 53 (1975) 314-326.
47. Carrillo, F., Gupta, S., Balooch, M., Marshall, S.J., Marshall, G.W., Pruitt, L., Puttlitz, C.M., Nanoindentation of polydimethylsiloxane elastomers: effect of crosslinking, work of adhesion, and fluid environment on elastic modulus, J. Mater. Res. 20 (2005) 2820-2830.
48. Meincken, M., Berhane, T.A., Mallon, P.E., Tracking the hydrophobicity recovery of PDMS compounds using the adhesive force determined by AFM force distance measurements, J. Polym. 46 (2005) 203-205.
49. Song, J., Tranchida, D., Vansco, G.J., Contact Mechanics of UV/Ozone- Treated by AFM and JKR Testing: Mechanical Performance from Nano- to Micrometer Length Scales, J. Macromol. 41 (2008) 6757-6762.
50. Brogly, M., Noel, O., Awada, H., Castelein, G., Schultz, J., A nanoscale study of the adhesive contact, C.R. Chimie 9 (2006) 99-110.
51. Vinogradova, O.I., Butt, H.J., Yakubov, G.E., Feuillebois, F., Dynamic effects on force measurements. 1. Viscous drag on the atomic force microscope cantilever, J. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72 (2001) 2330-2339.
52. Miller, G.L., Griffith, J.E., Wagner, E.R., A rocking beam electrostatic balance for the measurement of small forces, J. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 62 (1991) 705-709.
53. Bryant, J., Kim, H.S., Deeken, R.H., Cheng, Y.C., Surface force measurements on picometer and piconewton scales, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 8 (1990) 3502-3505.
54. Grigg, D.A., Russel, P.E., Griffith, J.E., Rocking- beam force- balance approach to atomic force microscopy, J. Ultramic. 42-44 (1992) 1504-1508.
55. Mertz, J., Marti, O., Mlynek, J., Regulation of a microcantilever response by force feedback, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62 (1993) 2344-2346.
56. Jarvis, S.P., Oral, A., Weihs, T.P., Pethica, J.B., A novel force microscope and point contact probe, J. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 64 (1993) 3515-3520.
57. Jarvis, S.P., Yamada, H., Yamamoto, S.I., Tokumoto, H., Pethica, J.B., Direct mechanical measurement of interatomic potentials, J. Nat. 84 (1996) 247-249.
58. Jarvis, S.P., Tokumoto, H., Measurement and interpretation of forces in the atomic force microscope, J. Prob. Microsc. 1 (1997) 65-79.
59. Butt, H.J., A Technique for Measuring the Force between a Colloidal Particle in Water and a Bubble, J. Colloid. Interf. Sci. 166 (1994) 109-117.
60. Vinogradova, O.I., Horn, R.G., Attractive Forces between Surfaces: What Can and Cannot Be Learned from a Jump- In Study with the Surface Forces Apparatus?, Lang. 17 (2001) 1604-1607.
61. Pethica, J.B., Sutton, A.P., On the stability of a tip and flat at very small separations, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 6 (1988) 2490-2494.
62. Butt, H.J., Döppenschmidt, A., Hüttl, G., Müller, E., Vinogradova, O.I., Analysis of plastic deformation in atomic force microscopy: Application to ice, J. Chem. Phys. 113 (2000) 1194-1203.
63. Butt, H.J., Capella, B., Kappl, M., Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications, J. Surf. Sci. Rep. 59 (2005) 1-152.
64. Charitidis, C.A., Nanoscale deformation and nanomechanical properties of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 50 (2010) 565-570.
65. Kim, K.S., Lin, Z., Shrotriya, P., Sundararajan, S., Zou, Q., Iterative control approach to high- speed force- distance curve measurement using AFM:Timedependent response of PDMS example, J. Ultramic. 108 (2008) 911-920.
66. Oliver, W.C., Pharr, G.M., An Improved Technique for Determining Hardness and Elastic Modulus Using Load and Displacement Sensing Indentation Experiments, J. Mater. Res. 7 (1992) 1564-1583.
67. Chudoba, T., Richter, F., Investigation of creep behaviour under load during indentation experiments and its influence on hardness and modulus results, J. Surf. Coat. Tech. 148 (2001) 191-198.
68. Sakai, M., Nakano, Y., Elastoplastic load- depth hysteresis in pyramidal indentation, J. Mater. Res. 17 (2002) 2161-2173.
69. Oyen, M.L., Cook, R.F., Load- displacement behavior during sharp indentation of viscous- elastic- plastic materials, J. Mater. Res. 18 (2003) 139-150.