메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 473-490

Assessing QT interval prolongation and its associated risks with antipsychotics

Author keywords

Antipsychotics; QT interval prolongation; Sudden death; Torsade de pointes

Indexed keywords

AMIODARONE; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; ARIPIPRAZOLE; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL; CLOZAPINE; HALOPERIDOL; KETOCONAZOLE; LITHIUM; MACROLIDE; MAGNESIUM; METHADONE; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; OLANZAPINE; PHENOTHIAZINE; PIMOZIDE; POTASSIUM CHANNEL; QUETIAPINE; RISPERIDONE; SERTINDOLE; THIORIDAZINE; ZIPRASIDONE;

EID: 79958226940     PISSN: 11727047     EISSN: 11791934     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/11587800-000000000-00000     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (118)

References (102)
  • 1
    • 0013881809 scopus 로고
    • La tachycardie ventriculaire a deux foyers opposes variables
    • Feb
    • Dessertenne F. La tachycardie ventriculaire a deux foyers opposes variables. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1966 Feb; 59 (2): 263-72.
    • (1966) Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss , vol.59 , Issue.2 , pp. 263-72
    • Dessertenne, F.1
  • 2
    • 67349175359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death: Implications for the pharmaceutical industry
    • Jun
    • Killeen MJ. Drug-induced arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death: implications for the pharmaceutical industry. Drug Discov Today 2009 Jun; 14 (11-12): 589-97.
    • (2009) Drug Discov Today , vol.14 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 589-97
    • Killeen, M.J.1
  • 3
    • 0034780262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The negative autopsy: Sudden cardiac death or other?
    • DOI 10.1016/S1054-8807(01)00093-X, PII S105488070100093X
    • Cohle SD, Sampson BA. The negative autopsy: sudden cardiac death or other? Cardiovasc Pathol 2001 Sep-Oct; 10 (5): 219-22. (Pubitemid 32982882)
    • (2001) Cardiovascular Pathology , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 219-222
    • Cohle, S.D.1    Sampson, B.A.2
  • 4
    • 67649268399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced changes in the T-wave morphology
    • Malik M. Drug-induced changes in the T-wave morphology. Drug Saf 2009; 32 (7): 613-7.
    • (2009) Drug Saf , vol.32 , Issue.7 , pp. 613-7
    • Malik, M.1
  • 6
    • 18444386801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the four formulas of adjusting QT interval for the heart rate in the middle-aged healthy Turkish men
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1542-474X.2005.05604.x
    • Dogan A, Tunc E, Varol E, et al. Comparison of the four formulas of adjusting QT interval for the heart rate in the middle-aged healthy Turkish men. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2005 Apr; 10 (2): 134-41. (Pubitemid 40646653)
    • (2005) Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 134-141
    • Dogan, A.1    Tunc, E.2    Varol, E.3    Ozaydin, M.4    Ozturk, M.5
  • 7
    • 0030058329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diurnal pattern of QTc interval: How long is prolonged? Possible relation to cir-cadian triggers of cardiovascular events
    • Jan
    • Molnar J, Zhang F, Weiss J, et al. Diurnal pattern of QTc interval: how long is prolonged? Possible relation to cir-cadian triggers of cardiovascular events. J Am Coll Car-diol 1996 Jan; 27 (1): 76-83.
    • (1996) J Am Coll Car-diol , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 76-83
    • Molnar, J.1    Zhang, F.2    Weiss, J.3
  • 8
    • 30744470720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sudden cardiac death and antipsychotics. Part 2: Monitoring and prevention
    • DOI 10.1192/apt.12.2.100
    • Abdelmawla N, Mitchell A. Sudden cardiac death and antipsychotics, part 2: monitoring and prevention. Adv Psychiatr Treat 2006; 12: 100-9. (Pubitemid 43338103)
    • (2006) Advances in Psychiatric Treatment , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 100-109
    • Abdelmawla, N.1    Mitchell, A.J.2
  • 9
    • 79955413065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The safety of atypical antipsychotics: Does QTc provide all the answers?
    • May
    • Nielsen J. The safety of atypical antipsychotics: does QTc provide all the answers? Expert Opin Drug Saf 2011 May; 10 (3): 341-4.
    • (2011) Expert Opin Drug Saf , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 341-4
    • Nielsen, J.1
  • 10
    • 34548224606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risks of atypical antipsychotic drug treatment
    • DOI 10.1002/pds.1424
    • Drici MD, Priori S. Cardiovascular risks of atypical anti- psychotic drug treatment. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2007 Aug; 16 (8): 882-90. (Pubitemid 47322588)
    • (2007) Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety , vol.16 , Issue.8 , pp. 882-890
    • Drici, M.-D.1    Priori, S.2
  • 11
    • 70449435450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetic basis of long QT and short QT syndromes: A mutation update
    • Nov
    • Hedley PL, Jorgensen P, Schlamowitz S, et al. The genetic basis of long QT and short QT syndromes: a mutation update. Hum Mutat 2009 Nov; 30 (11): 1486-511.
    • (2009) Hum Mutat , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 1486-511
    • Hedley, P.L.1    Jorgensen, P.2    Schlamowitz, S.3
  • 13
    • 77953483936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug- and non- drug-associated QT interval prolongation
    • Jul
    • van Noord C, Eijgelsheim M, Stricker BH. Drug- and non- drug-associated QT interval prolongation. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010 Jul; 70 (1): 16-23.
    • (2010) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.70 , Issue.1 , pp. 16-23
    • Van Noord, C.1    Eijgelsheim, M.2    Stricker, B.H.3
  • 16
    • 34247397075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further evidence of inherited long QT syndrome gene mutations in antiarrhythmic drug-associated torsades de pointes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.hrthm.2007.01.019, PII S1547527107000501
    • Lehtonen A, Fodstad H, Laitinen-Forsblom P, et al. Fur- ther evidence of inherited long QT syndrome gene mutations in antiarrhythmic drug-associated torsades de pointes. Heart Rhythm 2007 May; 4 (5): 603-7. (Pubitemid 46655584)
    • (2007) Heart Rhythm , vol.4 , Issue.5 , pp. 603-607
    • Lehtonen, A.1    Fodstad, H.2    Laitinen-Forsblom, P.3    Toivonen, L.4    Kontula, K.5    Swan, H.6
  • 17
    • 63849311301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium channel blockers, NOS1AP, and heart-rate-corrected QT prolongation
    • Apr
    • van Noord C, Aarnoudse AJ, Eijgelsheim M, et al. Calcium channel blockers, NOS1AP, and heart-rate-corrected QT prolongation. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2009 Apr; 19 (4): 260-6.
    • (2009) Pharmacogenet Genomics , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 260-6
    • Van Noord, C.1    Aarnoudse, A.J.2    Eijgelsheim, M.3
  • 18
    • 0035150202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotic drugs: Prolonged QTc interval, torsade de pointes, and sudden death
    • DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.11.1774
    • Glassman AH, Bigger Jr JT. Antipsychotic drugs: pro- longed QTc interval, torsade de pointes, and sudden death. Am J Psychiatry 2001 Nov; 158 (11): 1774-82. (Pubitemid 33054769)
    • (2001) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.158 , Issue.11 , pp. 1774-1782
    • Glassman, A.H.1    Bigger Jr., J.T.2
  • 19
    • 61849129618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersions of re- polarization and ventricular arrhythmogenesis: Lessons from animal models
    • Oct-Nov
    • Killeen MJ, Sabir IN, Grace AA, et al. Dispersions of re- polarization and ventricular arrhythmogenesis: lessons from animal models. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2008 Oct-Nov; 98 (2-3): 219-29.
    • (2008) Prog Biophys Mol Biol , vol.98 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 219-29
    • Killeen, M.J.1    Sabir, I.N.2    Grace, A.A.3
  • 22
    • 2342484491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged QTc Interval and Risks of Total and Cardiovascular Mortality and Sudden Death in the General Population: A Review and Qualitative Overview of the Prospective Cohort Studies
    • DOI 10.1001/archinte.164.9.943
    • Montanez A, Ruskin JN, Hebert PR, et al. Prolonged QTc interval and risks of total and cardiovascular mortality and sudden death in the general population: a review and qualitative overview of the prospective cohort studies. Arch Intern Med 2004 May 10; 164 (9): 943-8. (Pubitemid 38581512)
    • (2004) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.164 , Issue.9 , pp. 943-948
    • Montanez, A.1    Ruskin, J.N.2    Hebert, P.R.3    Lamas, G.A.4    Hennekens, C.H.5
  • 23
    • 15844417196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Torsade de pointes in patients on chronic amiodarone treatment: Contributing factors and drug interactions
    • Antonelli D, Atar S, Freedberg NA, et al. Torsade de pointes in patients on chronic amiodarone treatment: contributing factors and drug interactions. Isr Med Assoc J 2005 Mar; 7 (3): 163-5. (Pubitemid 40424960)
    • (2005) Israel Medical Association Journal , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 163-165
    • Antonelli, D.1    Atar, S.2    Freedberg, N.A.3    Rosenfeld, T.4
  • 24
    • 39349107214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QT and TdP. QT an unreliable predictor of proarrhythmia
    • Feb
    • Hondeghem LM. QT and TdP. QT: an unreliable predictor of proarrhythmia. Acta Cardiol 2008 Feb; 63 (1): 1-7.
    • (2008) Acta Cardiol , vol.63 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-7
    • Hondeghem, L.M.1
  • 25
    • 68949172254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 11-year follow-up of mortality in patients with schizophrenia: A population-based cohort study (FIN11 study)
    • Aug 22
    • Tiihonen J, Lonnqvist J, Wahlbeck K, et al. 11-year follow-up of mortality in patients with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study (FIN11 study). Lancet 2009 Aug 22; 374 (9690): 620-7.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , Issue.9690 , pp. 620-7
    • Tiihonen, J.1    Lonnqvist, J.2    Wahlbeck, K.3
  • 26
    • 0035021986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of drug-induced QT interval prolongation: Implications for drug approval and labelling
    • Malik M, Camm AJ. Evaluation of drug-induced QT in- terval prolongation: implications for drug approval and labelling. Drug Saf 2001; 24 (5): 323-51. (Pubitemid 32417533)
    • (2001) Drug Safety , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 323-351
    • Malik, M.1    Camm, A.J.2
  • 27
    • 34548165798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sudden Cardiac Death: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Therapy
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2007.05.002, PII S0146280607000680
    • Turakhia M, Tseng ZH. Sudden cardiac death: epidemiol- ogy, mechanisms, and therapy. Curr Probl Cardiol 2007 Sep; 32 (9): 501-46. (Pubitemid 47304457)
    • (2007) Current Problems in Cardiology , vol.32 , Issue.9 , pp. 501-546
    • Turakhia, M.1    Tseng, Z.H.2
  • 28
    • 0035210598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of databases in drug postmarketing surveillance
    • DOI 10.1002/pds.615
    • Rodriguez EM, Staffa JA, Graham DJ. The role of data- bases in drug postmarketing surveillance. Pharmacoepi-demiol Drug Saf 2001 Aug-Sep; 10 (5): 407-10. (Pubitemid 33138463)
    • (2001) Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 407-410
    • Rodriguez, E.M.1    Staffa, J.A.2    Graham, D.J.3
  • 29
    • 0034945769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is gender a risk factor for adverse drug reactions? The example of drug-induced long qt syndrome
    • Drici MD, Clement N. Is gender a risk factor for adverse drug reactions? The example of drug-induced long QT syndrome. Drug Saf 2001; 24 (8): 575-85. (Pubitemid 32656071)
    • (2001) Drug Safety , vol.24 , Issue.8 , pp. 575-585
    • Drici, M.-D.1    Clement, N.2
  • 30
    • 77957350060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of sertindole versus risperidone in schizophrenia: Principal results of the sertindole cohort prospective study (SCoP)
    • Thomas SH, Drici MD, Hall GC, et al. Safety of sertindole versus risperidone in schizophrenia: principal results of the sertindole cohort prospective study (SCoP). Acta Psychiatr Scand 2010; 122 (5): 345-55.
    • (2010) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.122 , Issue.5 , pp. 345-55
    • Thomas, S.H.1    Drici, M.D.2    Hall, G.C.3
  • 31
    • 0025759005 scopus 로고
    • Mortality in a cohort of patients with schizophrenia: A record linkage study
    • May
    • Newman SC, Bland RC. Mortality in a cohort of patients with schizophrenia: a record linkage study. Can J Psychiatry 1991 May; 36 (4): 239-45.
    • (1991) Can J Psychiatry , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. 239-45
    • Newman, S.C.1    Bland, R.C.2
  • 32
    • 58349114259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atypical antipsychotic drugs and the risk of sudden cardiac death
    • Jan
    • Ray WA, Chung CP, Murray KT, et al. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and the risk of sudden cardiac death. N Engl J Med 2009 Jan 15; 360 (3): 225-35.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.15-360 , Issue.3 , pp. 225-35
    • Ray, W.A.1    Chung, C.P.2    Murray, K.T.3
  • 34
    • 49549091129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced long QT syndrome and drug de- velopment
    • Sep
    • Ritter JM. Drug-induced long QT syndrome and drug de- velopment. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008 Sep; 66 (3): 341-4.
    • (2008) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 341-4
    • Ritter, J.M.1
  • 35
    • 0030694189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excess mortality of schizophrenia: A meta-analysis
    • Dec
    • Brown S. Excess mortality of schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 1997 Dec; 171: 502-8.
    • (1997) Br J Psychiatry , vol.171 , pp. 502-8
    • Brown, S.1
  • 36
    • 0035739287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case series of drug-induced long QT syndrome and Torsade de Pointes
    • Tong KL, Lau YS, Teo WS. A case series of drug-induced long QT syndrome and torsade de pointes. Singapore Med J 2001 Dec; 42 (12): 566-70. (Pubitemid 34594612)
    • (2001) Singapore Medical Journal , vol.42 , Issue.12 , pp. 566-570
    • Tong, K.L.1    Lau, Y.S.2    Teo, W.S.3
  • 37
    • 25844479293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QTc interval prolongation and antipsychotic drug treatments: Focus on sertindole
    • DOI 10.1017/S1461145705005250, PII S1461145705005250
    • Lindstrom E, Farde L, Eberhard J, et al. QTc interval prolongation and antipsychotic drug treatments: focus on sertindole. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2005 Dec; 8 (4): 615-29. (Pubitemid 41400893)
    • (2005) International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 615-629
    • Lindstrom, E.1    Farde, L.2    Eberhard, J.3    Haverkamp, W.4
  • 38
    • 0037309793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotics and QT prolongation
    • DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.02078.x
    • Taylor DM. Antipsychotics and QT prolongation. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2003 Feb; 107 (2): 85-95. (Pubitemid 36164475)
    • (2003) Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , vol.107 , Issue.2 , pp. 85-95
    • Taylor, D.M.1
  • 39
    • 0037823364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Torsade de pointes due to noncardiac drugs: Most patients have easily identifiable risk factors
    • DOI 10.1097/00005792-200307000-00007
    • Zeltser D, Justo D, Halkin A, et al. Torsade de pointes due to noncardiac drugs: most patients have easily identifiable risk factors. Medicine (Baltimore) 2003 Jul; 82 (4): 282-90. (Pubitemid 36859224)
    • (2003) Medicine , vol.82 , Issue.4 , pp. 282-290
    • Zeltser, D.1    Justo, D.2    Halkin, A.3    Prokhorov, V.4    Heller, K.5    Viskin, S.6
  • 41
    • 33645790554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical evaluation of QT/QTc prolongation and proarrhythmic potential for nonantiarrhythmic drugs: The International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use E14 guideline
    • May
    • Darpo B, Nebout T, Sager PT. Clinical evaluation of QT/QTc prolongation and proarrhythmic potential for nonantiarrhythmic drugs: the International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use E14 guideline. J Clin Pharmacol 2006 May; 46 (5): 498-507.
    • (2006) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.46 , Issue.5 , pp. 498-507
    • Darpo, B.1    Nebout, T.2    Sager, P.T.3
  • 42
    • 12544252367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atypical antipsy- chotics: From potassium channels to torsade de pointes and sudden death
    • Titier K, Girodet PO, Verdoux H, et al. Atypical antipsy- chotics: from potassium channels to torsade de pointes and sudden death. Drug Saf 2005; 28 (1): 35-51.
    • (2005) Drug Saf , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-51
    • Titier, K.1    Girodet, P.O.2    Verdoux, H.3
  • 43
    • 72049116795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thorough QT studies: Questions and quandaries
    • Malik M, Garnett CE, Zhang J. Thorough QT studies: questions and quandaries. Drug Saf 2010; 33 (1): 1-14.
    • (2010) Drug Saf , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-14
    • Malik, M.1    Garnett, C.E.2    Zhang, J.3
  • 45
    • 0032713083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of food intake on electrocardiograms of healthy male volunteers
    • Nov
    • Widerlov E, Jostell KG, Claesson L, et al. Influence of food intake on electrocardiograms of healthy male volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999 Nov; 55 (9): 619-24.
    • (1999) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.55 , Issue.9 , pp. 619-24
    • Widerlov, E.1    Jostell, K.G.2    Claesson, L.3
  • 48
    • 7544230831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Errors and misconceptions in ECG measurement used for the detection of drug induced QT interval prolongation
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2004.08.005, PII S0022073604000743
    • Malik M. Errors and misconceptions in ECG measurement used for the detection of drug induced QT interval prolongation. J Electrocardiol 2004; 37 Suppl.: 25-33. (Pubitemid 39452861)
    • (2004) Journal of Electrocardiology , vol.37 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 25-33
    • Malik, M.1
  • 49
    • 68049118976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correction for QT/RR hysteresis in the assessment of drug-induced QTc changes: Cardiac safety of gadobutrol
    • Jul
    • Malik M, Hnatkova K, Schmidt A, et al. Correction for QT/RR hysteresis in the assessment of drug-induced QTc changes: cardiac safety of gadobutrol. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2009 Jul; 14 (3): 242-50.
    • (2009) Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 242-50
    • Malik, M.1    Hnatkova, K.2    Schmidt, A.3
  • 52
    • 67649262232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying drug- induced repolarization abnormalities from distinct ECG patterns in congenital long QT syndrome: A study of sotalol effects on T-wave morphology
    • Graff C, Andersen MP, Xue JQ, et al. Identifying drug- induced repolarization abnormalities from distinct ECG patterns in congenital long QT syndrome: a study of sotalol effects on T-wave morphology. Drug Saf 2009; 32 (7): 599-611.
    • (2009) Drug Saf , vol.32 , Issue.7 , pp. 599-611
    • Graff, C.1    Andersen, M.P.2    Xue, J.Q.3
  • 55
    • 75849147334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral ziprasidone and oral haloperidol on QTc interval in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
    • Feb
    • Miceli JJ, Tensfeldt TG, Shiovitz T, et al. Effects of oral ziprasidone and oral haloperidol on QTc interval in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Pharmacotherapy 2010 Feb; 30 (2): 127-35.
    • (2010) Pharmacotherapy , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-35
    • Miceli, J.J.1    Tensfeldt, T.G.2    Shiovitz, T.3
  • 58
    • 0032918379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of clarithromycin on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pimozide in healthy poor and extensive metabolizers of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
    • DOI 10.1016/S0009-9236(99)70117-7
    • Desta Z, Kerbusch T, Flockhart DA. Effect of clarithro- mycin on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pimozide in healthy poor and extensive metabolizers of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999 Jan; 65: 10-20. (Pubitemid 29062024)
    • (1999) Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.65 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-20
    • Desta, Z.1    Kerbusch, T.2    Flockhart, D.A.3
  • 59
    • 77950929074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of ser- tindole on QTD and TPTE
    • May
    • Nielsen J, Andersen MP, Graff C, et al. The effect of ser- tindole on QTD and TPTE. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2010 May; 121 (5): 385-8.
    • (2010) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.121 , Issue.5 , pp. 385-8
    • Nielsen, J.1    Andersen, M.P.2    Graff, C.3
  • 61
    • 69049119104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sertindole causes dis- tinct electrocardiographic T-wave morphology changes
    • Nielsen J, Graff C, Hardahl T, et al. Sertindole causes dis- tinct electrocardiographic T-wave morphology changes. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2009; 19 (10): 702-7.
    • (2009) Eur Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.19 , Issue.10 , pp. 702-7
    • Nielsen, J.1    Graff, C.2    Hardahl, T.3
  • 62
    • 0038554356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ziprasidone in the management of schizophrenia: The QT interval issue in context
    • DOI 10.2165/00023210-200317060-00004
    • Taylor D. Ziprasidone in the management of schizo- phrenia: the QT interval issue in context. CNS Drugs 2003; 17 (6): 423-30. (Pubitemid 36560704)
    • (2003) CNS Drugs , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 423-430
    • Taylor, D.1
  • 63
    • 0036050262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical management of cardiovascular risks during treatment with psychotropic drugs
    • Glassman AH. Clinical management of cardiovascular risks during treatment with psychotropic drugs. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63 Suppl. 9: 12-7.
    • (2002) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.63 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 12-7
    • Glassman, A.H.1
  • 64
    • 20744447216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QT interval pro- longation related to psychoactive drug treatment: A comparison of monotherapy versus polytherapy
    • Jan 25
    • Sala M, Vicentini A, Brambilla P, et al. QT interval pro- longation related to psychoactive drug treatment: a comparison of monotherapy versus polytherapy. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2005 Jan 25; 4 (1): 1.
    • (2005) Ann Gen Psychiatry , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 1
    • Sala, M.1    Vicentini, A.2    Brambilla, P.3
  • 65
    • 34447123757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of antipsychotics
    • DOI 10.1586/14737175.7.7.829
    • Michelsen JW, Meyer JM. Cardiovascular effects of antipsychotics. Expert Rev Neurother 2007 Jul; 7 (7): 829-39. (Pubitemid 47037723)
    • (2007) Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics , vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp. 829-839
    • Michelsen, J.W.1    Meyer, J.M.2
  • 66
    • 0027296372 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of the QT interval and the risk associated with QT(c) interval prolongation: A review
    • Moss AJ. Measurement of the QT interval and the risk associated with QTc interval prolongation: a review. Am J Cardiol 1993 Aug 26; 72 (6): 23B-5B. (Pubitemid 23249060)
    • (1993) American Journal of Cardiology , vol.72 , Issue.6
    • Moss, A.J.1
  • 67
    • 1442306232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-Induced Prolongation of the QT Interval
    • DOI 10.1056/NEJMra032426
    • Roden DM. Drug-induced prolongation of the QT inter- val. N Engl J Med 2004 Mar 4; 350 (10): 1013-22. (Pubitemid 38269278)
    • (2004) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.350 , Issue.10 , pp. 1013-1022
    • Roden, D.M.1
  • 68
    • 0001127258 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the time relationship of electro- cardiograms
    • Bazett HC. An analysis of the time relationship of electro- cardiograms. Heart 1920; 7: 353-70.
    • (1920) Heart , vol.7 , pp. 353-70
    • Bazett, H.C.1
  • 69
    • 84980091069 scopus 로고
    • Die Systolendauer im Elektrokardiogramm bei normalen menschen und bei herzkranken [letter]
    • Fridericia LS. Die Systolendauer im Elektrokardiogramm bei normalen menschen und bei herzkranken [letter]. Acta Med Scand 1920; 53: 489.
    • (1920) Acta Med Scand , vol.53 , pp. 489
    • Fridericia, L.S.1
  • 70
    • 33745228747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Man versus machine is there an optimal method for QT measurements in thorough QT studies?
    • Jun
    • Darpo B, Agin M, Kazierad DJ, et al. Man versus machine: is there an optimal method for QT measurements in thorough QT studies? J Clin Pharmacol 2006 Jun; 46 (6): 598-612.
    • (2006) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 598-612
    • Darpo, B.1    Agin, M.2    Kazierad, D.J.3
  • 71
    • 9244232876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T wave morphology analysis distinguishes between KvLQT1 and HERG mutations in long QT syndrome
    • DOI 10.1016/j.hrthm.2004.05.002, PII S1547527104002802
    • Kanters JK, Fanoe S, Larsen LA, et al. T wave morphology analysis distinguishes between KvLQT1 and HERG mutations in long QT syndrome. Heart Rhythm 2004 Sep; 1 (3): 285-92. (Pubitemid 39549756)
    • (2004) Heart Rhythm , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 285-292
    • Kanters, J.K.1    Fanoe, S.2    Larsen, L.A.3    Bloch Thomsen, P.E.4    Toft, E.5    Christiansen, M.6
  • 72
    • 0032519806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agreement and reproducibility of automatic versus manual measurement of QT interval and QT dispersion
    • DOI 10.1016/S0002-9149(97)00927-2, PII S0002914997009272
    • Savelieva I, Yi G, Guo X, et al. Agreement and reprodu- cibility of automatic versus manual measurement of QT interval and QT dispersion. Am J Cardiol 1998 Feb 15; 81 (4): 471-7. (Pubitemid 28099540)
    • (1998) American Journal of Cardiology , vol.81 , Issue.4 , pp. 471-477
    • Savelieva, I.1    Gang, Y.2    Guo, X.-H.3    Hnatkova, K.4    Malik, M.5
  • 73
    • 76949130639 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of the Q-T interval of the electrocardiogram
    • Sep
    • Lepeschkin E, Surawicz B. The measurement of the Q-T interval of the electrocardiogram. Circulation 1952 Sep; 6 (3): 378-88.
    • (1952) Circulation , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 378-88
    • Lepeschkin, E.1    Surawicz, B.2
  • 74
    • 0035200703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of intravenous haloperidol on QT interval dispersion in critically ill patients: Comparison with QT interval prolongation for assessment of risk of Torsades de Pointes
    • DOI 10.1177/00912700122012896
    • Tisdale JE, Rasty S, Padhi ID, et al. The effect of in- travenous haloperidol on QT interval dispersion in critically ill patients: comparison with QT interval prolongation for assessment of risk of torsades de pointes. J Clin Pharmacol 2001 Dec; 41 (12): 1310-8. (Pubitemid 33104898)
    • (2001) Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.41 , Issue.12 , pp. 1310-1318
    • Tisdale, J.E.1    Rasty, S.2    Padhi, I.D.3    Sharma, N.D.4    Rosman, H.5
  • 75
    • 0031728902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement error as a source of QT dispersion: A computerised analysis
    • Kors JA, van Herpen G. Measurement error as a source of QT dispersion: a computerised analysis. Heart 1998 Nov; 80 (5): 453-8. (Pubitemid 28535531)
    • (1998) Heart , vol.80 , Issue.5 , pp. 453-458
    • Kors, J.A.1    Van Herpen, G.2
  • 76
    • 0032480801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular basis for the normal T wave and the electrocardiographic manifestations of the long-QT syndrome
    • Yan GX, Antzelevitch C. Cellular basis for the normal T wave and the electrocardiographic manifestations of the long-QT syndrome. Circulation 1998 Nov 3; 98 (18): 1928-36. (Pubitemid 28509291)
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , Issue.18 , pp. 1928-1936
    • Yan, G.-X.1    Antzelevitch, C.2
  • 77
    • 55649114410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T(peak) - T(end) interval in long QT syndrome
    • Nov-Dec
    • Kanters JK, Haarmark C, Vedel-Larsen E, et al. T(peak)- T(end) interval in long QT syndrome. J Electrocardiol 2008 Nov-Dec; 41 (6): 603-8.
    • (2008) J Electrocardiol , vol.41 , Issue.6 , pp. 603-8
    • Kanters, J.K.1    Haarmark, C.2    Vedel-Larsen, E.3
  • 78
    • 77953811288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Covariate analysis of QTc and T-wave morphology: New possibilities in the evalua- tion of drugs that affect cardiac repolarization
    • Jul
    • Graff C, Struijk JJ, Matz J, et al. Covariate analysis of QTc and T-wave morphology: new possibilities in the evalua- tion of drugs that affect cardiac repolarization. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2010 Jul; 88 (1): 88-94.
    • (2010) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.88 , Issue.1 , pp. 88-94
    • Graff, C.1    Struijk, J.J.2    Matz, J.3
  • 80
    • 55649099614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New descriptors of T-wave morphology are independent of heart rate
    • Nov-Dec
    • Andersen MP, Xue JQ, Graff C, et al. New descriptors of T-wave morphology are independent of heart rate. J Electrocardiol 2008 Nov-Dec; 41 (6): 557-61.
    • (2008) J Electrocardiol , vol.41 , Issue.6 , pp. 557-61
    • Andersen, M.P.1    Xue, J.Q.2    Graff, C.3
  • 81
    • 70350432728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of T-wave morphology increases confidence in drug-induced cardiac repolarization abnormalities: Evidence from the investigational IKr inhibitor Lu 35-138
    • Nov
    • Graff C, Matz J, Christensen EB, et al. Quantitative analysis of T-wave morphology increases confidence in drug-induced cardiac repolarization abnormalities: evidence from the investigational IKr inhibitor Lu 35-138. J Clin Pharmacol 2009 Nov; 49 (11): 1331-42.
    • (2009) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.49 , Issue.11 , pp. 1331-42
    • Graff, C.1    Matz, J.2    Christensen, E.B.3
  • 82
    • 33749238020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long QT syn- drome genotyping by electrocardiography: Fact, fiction, or something in between?
    • Oct
    • Kanters JK, Graff C, Andersen MP, et al. Long QT syn- drome genotyping by electrocardiography: fact, fiction, or something in between? J Electrocardiol 2006 Oct; 39 (4 Suppl.): S119-22.
    • (2006) J Electrocardiol , vol.39 , Issue.4 SUPPL.
    • Kanters, J.K.1    Graff, C.2    Andersen, M.P.3
  • 83
    • 0019959522 scopus 로고
    • Electrocardiographic changes and serum concentrations in thioridazine-treated patients
    • Axelsson R, Aspenstrom G. Electrocardiographic changes and serum concentrations in thioridazine-treated patients. J Clin Psychiatry 1982 Aug; 43 (8): 332-5. (Pubitemid 12047325)
    • (1982) Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , vol.43 , Issue.8 , pp. 332-335
    • Axelsson, R.1    Aspenstrom, G.2
  • 84
    • 0015800945 scopus 로고
    • Phenothiazine-induced T-wave abnormalities: Effects of overnight fasting
    • Jun 25
    • Alvarez-Mena SC, Frank MJ. Phenothiazine-induced T-wave abnormalities: effects of overnight fasting. JAMA 1973 Jun 25; 224 (13): 1730-3.
    • (1973) JAMA , vol.224 , Issue.13 , pp. 1730-3
    • Alvarez-Mena, S.C.1    Frank, M.J.2
  • 85
    • 77957355992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotic-associated all-cause and cardiac mortality: What should we worry about and how should the risk be assessed?
    • Nov
    • Correll CU, Nielsen J. Antipsychotic-associated all-cause and cardiac mortality: what should we worry about and how should the risk be assessed? Acta Psychiatr Scand 2010 Nov; 122 (5): 341-4.
    • (2010) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.122 , Issue.5 , pp. 341-4
    • Correll, C.U.1    Nielsen, J.2
  • 86
    • 0031954462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term efficacy and safety comparison of sertindole and haloperidol in the treatment of schizophrenia
    • Daniel DG, Wozniak P, Mack RJ, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety comparison of sertindole and haloperidol in the treatment of schizophrenia: the Sertindole Study Group. Psychopharmacol Bull 1998; 34 (1): 61-9. (Pubitemid 28176303)
    • (1998) Psychopharmacology Bulletin , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 61-69
    • Daniel, D.G.1    Wozniak, P.2    Mack, R.J.3    McCarthy, B.G.4
  • 87
    • 77649122136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotic polypharmacy and risk of death from natural causes in patients with schizophrenia: A population-based nested case-control study
    • Feb
    • Baandrup L, Gasse C, Jensen VD, et al. Antipsychotic polypharmacy and risk of death from natural causes in patients with schizophrenia: a population-based nested case-control study. J Clin Psychiatry 2010 Feb; 71 (2): 103-8.
    • (2010) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.71 , Issue.2 , pp. 103-8
    • Baandrup, L.1    Gasse, C.2    Jensen, V.D.3
  • 88
    • 0031668084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality in schizophrenia. Antipsychotic polypharmacy and absence of adjunctive anticholinergics over the course of a 10-year prospective study
    • Waddington JL, Youssef HA, Kinsella A. Mortality in schizophrenia: antipsychotic polypharmacy and absence of adjunctive anticholinergics over the course of a 10-year prospective study. Br J Psychiatry 1998 Oct; 173: 325-9. (Pubitemid 28454819)
    • (1998) British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.173 , Issue.OCT. , pp. 325-329
    • Waddington, J.L.1    Youssef, H.A.2    Kinsella, A.3
  • 89
    • 44949193763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-dose and combination antipsychotic prescribing in acute adult wards in the UK: The challenges posed by p.r.n. prescribing
    • DOI 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.042895
    • Paton C, Barnes TR, Cavanagh MR, et al. High-dose and combination antipsychotic prescribing in acute adult wards in the UK: the challenges posed by p.r.n. prescribing. Br J Psychiatry 2008 Jun; 192 (6): 435-9. (Pubitemid 351809896)
    • (2008) British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.192 , Issue.6 , pp. 435-439
    • Paton, C.1    Barnes, T.R.E.2    Cavanagh, M.-R.3    Taylor, D.4    Lelliott, P.5
  • 90
    • 77957348105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 10-year trends in the treatment and outcomes of patients with first-episode schizophrenia
    • Nov
    • Nielsen J, le Quach P, Emborg C, et al. 10-year trends in the treatment and outcomes of patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2010 Nov; 122 (5): 356-66.
    • (2010) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.122 , Issue.5 , pp. 356-66
    • Nielsen, J.1    Le Quach, P.2    Emborg, C.3
  • 91
    • 48949085884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Sertindole Safety Survey: A retrospective analysis under a named patient use programme in Europe
    • Lancon C, Toumi M, Sapin C, et al. The Sertindole Safety Survey: a retrospective analysis under a named patient use programme in Europe. BMC Psychiatry 2008; 8: 57.
    • (2008) BMC Psychiatry , vol.8 , pp. 57
    • Lancon, C.1    Toumi, M.2    Sapin, C.3
  • 92
    • 77950352932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The European post-mar- keting observational sertindole study: An investigation of the safety of antipsychotic drug treatment
    • Feb
    • Kasper S, Moller HJ, Hale A. The European post-mar- keting observational sertindole study: an investigation of the safety of antipsychotic drug treatment. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2010 Feb; 260 (1): 59-68.
    • (2010) Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.260 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-68
    • Kasper, S.1    Moller, H.J.2    Hale, A.3
  • 93
    • 34547554319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The European sertindole safety and exposure survey: A follow-up study of 8600 patients
    • DOI 10.1002/pds.1425
    • Peuskens J, Moore N, Azorin JM, et al. The European sertindole safety and exposure survey: a follow-up study of 8600 patients. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2007 Jul; 16 (7): 804-11. (Pubitemid 47180370)
    • (2007) Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety , vol.16 , Issue.7 , pp. 804-811
    • Peuskens, J.1    Moore, N.2    Azorin, J.-M.3    Toumi, M.4    Cochran, J.5
  • 94
    • 79952718641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative mortality associated with ziprasidone and olanzapine in real-world use among 18,154 patients with schizophrenia: The Zi-prasidone Observational Study of Cardiac Outcomes (ZODIAC)
    • Strom BL, Eng SM, Faich G, et al. Comparative mortality associated with ziprasidone and olanzapine in real-world use among 18,154 patients with schizophrenia: the Zi-prasidone Observational Study of Cardiac Outcomes (ZODIAC). Am J Psychiatry 2011 Feb; 168 (2): 193-201.
    • Am J Psychiatry 2011 Feb , vol.168 , Issue.2 , pp. 193-201
    • Strom, B.L.1    Eng, S.M.2    Faich, G.3
  • 95
    • 77953731103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychiatrists' attitude towards and knowledge of clozapine treatment
    • Jul
    • Nielsen J, Dahm M, Lublin H, et al. Psychiatrists' attitude towards and knowledge of clozapine treatment. J Psy-chopharmacol 2010 Jul; 24 (7): 965-71.
    • (2010) J Psy-chopharmacol , vol.24 , Issue.7 , pp. 965-71
    • Nielsen, J.1    Dahm, M.2    Lublin, H.3
  • 96
    • 0036917165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the potential of clozapine to cause Torsade de Pointes
    • Warner B, Hoffmann P. Investigation of the potential of clozapine to cause torsade de pointes. Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 2002; 21 (4): 189-203. (Pubitemid 36018766)
    • (2002) Adverse Drug Reactions and Toxicological Reviews , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 189-203
    • Warner, B.1    Hoffmann, P.2
  • 97
    • 61849118370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clozapine-induced cardio- toxicity: A clinical update
    • Feb 16
    • Layland JJ, Liew D, Prior DL. Clozapine-induced cardio- toxicity: a clinical update. Med J Aust 2009 Feb 16; 190 (4): 190-2.
    • (2009) Med J Aust , vol.190 , Issue.4 , pp. 190-2
    • Layland, J.J.1    Liew, D.2    Prior, D.L.3
  • 98
    • 0842348094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus development conference on antipsychotic drugs and obesity and diabetes
    • ADA Feb
    • ADA. Consensus development conference on antipsychotic drugs and obesity and diabetes. Diabetes Care 2004 Feb; 27 (2): 596-601.
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 596-601
  • 99
    • 58349114440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotic agents and sudden cardiac death how should we manage the risk?
    • Jan 15
    • Schneeweiss S, Avorn J. Antipsychotic agents and sudden cardiac death: how should we manage the risk? N Engl J Med 2009 Jan 15; 360 (3): 294-6.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , Issue.3 , pp. 294-6
    • Schneeweiss, S.1    Avorn, J.2
  • 100
    • 77954762965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotics asso- ciated with the development of type 2 diabetes in anti-psychotic-naive schizophrenia patients
    • Aug
    • Nielsen J, Skadhede S, Correll CU. Antipsychotics asso- ciated with the development of type 2 diabetes in anti-psychotic-naive schizophrenia patients. Neuropsycho-pharmacology 2010 Aug; 35 (9): 1997-200.
    • (2010) Neuropsycho-pharmacology , vol.35 , Issue.9 , pp. 1997-200
    • Nielsen, J.1    Skadhede, S.2    Correll, C.U.3
  • 102
    • 0347064997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing cardiovascular risks versus clinical benefits of atypical antipsychotic drug treatment
    • Meltzer HY, Davidson M, Glassman AH, et al. Assessing cardiovascular risks versus clinical benefits of atypical antipsychotic drug treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63 Suppl. 9: 25-9
    • (2002) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.63 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 25-9
    • Meltzer, H.Y.1    Davidson, M.2    Glassman, A.H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.