Methods of assessment and clinical relevance of QT dynamics

Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 221-232

  Sredniawa, Beata ^a   Musialik Lydka, Agata ^a   Jarski, Piotr ^a   Sliwinska, Anna ^a   Kalarus, Zbigniew ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SILESIA   (Poland)

Author keywords

Arrhythmic risk; QT dynamics; QT interval; QT interval prolongation; Ventricular repolirisation

Indexed keywords

AMIODARONE;

CARDIOVASCULAR PARAMETERS; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM EXAMINATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPUTER PROGRAM; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DRUG MECHANISM; HEART ARREST; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART DEATH; HEART FAILURE; HEART RATE; HEART REPOLARIZATION; HEART VENTRICLE; HOLTER MONITORING; HUMAN; HYSTERESIS; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; QT INTERVAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RR INTERVAL;

EID: 27744432195     PISSN: 09726292     EISSN: 09726292     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Ahnve S. Correction of QT interval for heart rate: Review of different formulas and the use of Bazett's formula in myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 1985;3:568-574.
2. Browne KF, Zipes DP, Heger JJ, Prystowsky EN. Influence of the autonomic nervous system on Q-T interval in males. Am J Cardiol 1982;50:1099-103.
3. Locati EH. QT interval duration and adaptation to heart rate. In: Zareba W, Maisson-Blanche P, Locati EH (eds). Noninvasive Electrocardiology in Clinical Practice. Armonk, New York, Futura Publishing Company, Inc., 2001, pp 71-96.
4. Bazett HC. An analysis of time relation of electrocardiograms. Heart 1920;20:174-195.
5. Fridericia LS. Die Systolendauer im Elektrokardiogram bei normalen Menschen und bei Herzkranken. Acta Med Scan 1920;53:469-486.
6. Wernicke JF, Faries D, Breitung R, Girod DJ. QT correction methods in children and adolescents. Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2005; 16:76-81.
7. Aschman R. Normal duration of QT interval. Am Heart J 1942;23:522-534.
8. Adams W. The normal duration of the eclectrocardiographic of the ventricular complex. J Clin Invest 1936;15:329-342.
9. Schlamowitz I. An analysis of time relationship within cardiac cycle in eclectrocardiogram in normal men. The duration of the QT interval and its relationship to the cycle length (RR interval). Am Heart J 1946;31:329-342.
10. Malik M. Problems of heart rate corrections in assessment of drug-induced QT interval prolongation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2001; 12:411-412.
11. Fenichel RR, Malik M, Antzelevitch CH, Sanguinetti M, Roden DM, Priori SG, Ruskin JN, Lipicky RJ, Cantilena LR Drug-induced torsade de pointes and implications for drug development. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2004;15:475-495.
12. Extramiana F, Maison-Blanche P, Badilini F, Beaufils P, Leenhardt A. Individual QT-RR relationship: average stability over time does not rule out an individual residual variability: implication for the assessment of drug effect on the QT interval. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2005;10:169-178.
13. Ahnve S, Vallin H. Influence of heart rate and inhibition of autonomic tone on the QT interval. Circulation 1982;65:435-439.
14. Lande G, Funck-Bretano C, Ghadanfar M, Escande D. Steady-state versus non-steady-state QT-RR relationship in 24-hour Holter recordings. Pacing Clin Eletrophysiol 2000;23:293-302.
15. Locati EH, Bagliani E. Heart Rate Dependency of QT-interval in Congenital and Acquired Prolonged Ventricular Repolarization: Long-Term Analysis by Holter Monitoring. In Osterchaus HH, Hombach V, Moss AJ (eds.): Advances in Non-Invasive Electrocardiographic Monitoring Technique. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publications Group, 2000, pp. 155-160.
16. Malik M, Batchvarov VN. Measurement, interpretation and clinical potential of QT dispersion. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;36:1749-66.
17. Vainer J, Van der Steld B, Smeets JL, Gorgels AP, Sreem N, Wellens HJ. Beat-to-beat behavior of QT interval during conducted supraventricular rhythm in normal heart. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1994;17:1469-1476.
18. Jensen BT, Larroude CE, Rasmussen LP, Holstein NH, Hojgaard MV, Agner E, Kanters JK. Beat-to-beat QT dynamics in healthy subjects. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2004;9:3-11.
19. Rasmussen V, Jensen G, Hansen F. QT interval in 24-hour ambulatory ECG recordings from 60 healthy adult subjects. J Electrocardiol 1991;24:91-95.
20. Bonnemeier H, Ortak J, Tolg R, Witt M, Schmidt J, Wiegand UKH, Bode F, Schunkert H, Richardt G. Carvedilol versus metoprolol in patients undergoing direct percutaneous coronary interventions for myocardial infarction: effect on QT dynamicity. Pacing Clin Eletrophysiol 2005;28:S217-S221.
21. Sredniawa B, Musialik-Lydka A, Jarski P, Kalarus Z, Polonski L. Circadian and sex-dependent QT dynamics. Pacing Clin Eletrophysiol 2005;28:S211-216.
22. Malik M, Farbom P, Batchvarov V, Hnatkova K, Camm AJ. Relation between QT and RR intervals is highly individual among healthy subjects: implications for heart rate correction of the QT interval. Heart 2002;87:220-228.
23. Batchvarov VN, Ghuran A, Smetana P, Hnatkova K, Herries M, Dilaveris P, Camm AJ, Malik M. QT-RR relationship in healthy subjects exhibits substantial intersubject variability and high intrasubject stability. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2002;282:H2356-H2363.
24. Yi G, Guo XH, Gallagher MM, Hnatkova K, Reardon M, Poloniecki J, Camm AJ, Malik M. Circadian pattern of QT/RR adaptation in patients with and without sudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 1999;4:286-294.
25. Milliez P, Leenhardt A, Maisonblanche P, Vicaut E, Badillini F, Siliste C, Benchetrit C, Coumel P, on behalf of the EMIAT Investigators. Usefulness of ventricular repolarization dynamicity in predicting arrhythmic deaths in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (from the European Myocardial Infarct Amiodarone Trial). Am J Cardiol 2005;95:821-826.
26. Pathak A, Curnier D, Fourcade J, Roncalli J, Stein PK, Hermant P, Bousquet M, Massabuau P, Senard JM, Montastruc JL, Galinier M. QT dynamicity: a prognostic factor for sudden cardiac death in chronic heart failure. Eur J of Heart Fail 2005;7:269-275.
27. Bonnemeier H, Wiegand UKH, Bode F, Hartmann F, Kurowski V, Katus HA, Richardt G. Impact of infarct-related artery flow on QT dynamicity in patients undergoing direct percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2003;108:2979-2986.
28. Extramiana F, Maison-Blanche P, Tavernier R, Jordanes L, Leenhardt A, Coumel P. Cardiac effect of chronic beta-blocade: lack of agreement between heart rate and QT interval changes. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2002;7:379-388.
29. Schwartz PJ, Priori SG, Locati EH, Napolitano C, Cantu F. Long QT syndrome in patients with mutations on the SCN5A and HERG genes have differential responses to Na+ channel blockade and to increase to heart rate: implications for gene-specific therapy. Circulation 1995;92:3381-3386.
30. Arnold D, Cohen I, Eisner D. The dependence on heart rate of the human ventricular action potential duration. Cardiovasc Res 1982;16:547-551.
31. Sarma J, Venkataraman K, Samant D. Hysteresis in human RR-QT relationship during exercise and recovery. Pacing Clin Eletrophysiol 1987;10:485-491.
32. Neilson JM. Dynamic QT interval analysis. In Osterchaus HH, Hombach V, Moss AJ (eds.): Advances in Non-Invasive Electrocardiographic Monitoring Techniques. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publications Group 2000; pp. 131-141.
33. Lang CCE, Flapan AD, Neilson JM. The impact of QT lag compensation on dynamic assessment of ventricular repolarization: reproducibility and the impact of lead selection. Pacing Clin Eletrophysiol 2001; 24: 366-373.
34. Pueyo E, Smetana P, Laguna P, Malik M. Estimation of the QT/RR hysteresis lag. J Electrocardiol 2003;36:187-190.
35. Lang CCE, Neilson JMM, Flapan AD. Abnormalities of repolarization characteristics of patients with heart failure. Progress with symptom severity. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2004;9:257-264.
36. Sredniawa B, Jarski P, Musialik-Lydka A, Kalarus Z, Polonski L. QT dynamics and the risk of sudden arrhythmic cardiac death in ischemic heart disease. Pacing Clin Eletrophysiol 2004;27 [Pt.I]:827-828.
37. Kaya D, Guler C, Esen AM, Barutcu I, Dincel C. Sildenafil citrate does not alter ventricular repolarization properties: novel evidence from QT dynamic analysis. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2004;9:228-233.
38. Piccirillo G, Nocco M, Lionetti M, Moise A, Naso C, Mariglioano V, Cacciafesta M. Effects of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) on cardiac repolarization and autonomic control in subjects with chronic heart failure. Am Heart J 2002;143:703-710.
39. Walsh G, Annunziato L, Frossard N, Knol K, Levander S, Nicolas J, Tagliatatela M, Tharp M, Tillement J, Timmerman H. New insights into the second generation antihistamines. Drugs 2001;61:207-236.
40. Michalets EL, Wiliams CR. Drug interactions with cisapride: clinical implications. Clin Pharmacokinet 2000;39:49-75.
41. Cappato R, Alboni P, Pedroni P, Gili G, Antonioli GE. Sympathetic and vagal influence on rate-dependent changes of QT interval in healthy subjects. Am J Cardiol 1991;68:1188-1193.
42. Van de Borne P, Nguyen H, Biston P. Effects of wake and sleep stages on the 24-hour autonomic control of blood pressure and heart rate in recumbent men. Am J Physiol 1994;266:H548-H554.
43. Muller JE, Ludmer PL, Willich SN, Tofler GH, Aylmer G, Klangos I, Stone PH. Circadian variation in the frequency of sudden cardiac death. Circulation 1987; 75:131-138.
44. Behrens S, Galecka M, Bruggemann T, Ehlers C, Willich SN, Ziss W, Dissmann R, Andresen D. Circadian variation of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias terminated by appropriate shocks in patients with an implantable defibrillator. American Heart Journal 1995; 130:79-84.
45. Behrens S, Ney G, Fisher SG, Fletcher RD, Franz MR, Singh SN. Effect of Amiodarone on the Circadian Pattern of Sudden Cardiac Death (Department of Veterans Affairs Congestive Heart Failure-Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy). American Journal of Cardiology 1997; 80:45-48.
46. Soo LH, Gray D, Young T, Hampton JR. Circadian variation in witnessed out of hospital cardiac arrest. Heart 2000; 84:370-376.
47. Malik M. Is there a physiologic QT/RR relationship. Editorial comment. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2002;13:1219-1220.