-
1
-
-
0001900580
-
The kinetics of the depolymerization of chitosan by nitrous acid
-
Elsevier Applied Science, London, G. Skjåk-Bræk, T. Anthonsen, P. Sandford (Eds.)
-
Allan G.G., Peyron M. The kinetics of the depolymerization of chitosan by nitrous acid. Chitin and Chitosan 1989, 443-466. Elsevier Applied Science, London. G. Skjåk-Bræk, T. Anthonsen, P. Sandford (Eds.).
-
(1989)
Chitin and Chitosan
, pp. 443-466
-
-
Allan, G.G.1
Peyron, M.2
-
3
-
-
0027806012
-
Solutions properties of chitosans: conformation and chain stiffness of chitosans with different degrees of N-acetylation
-
Anthonsen M.W., Vårum K.M., Smidsrød O. Solutions properties of chitosans: conformation and chain stiffness of chitosans with different degrees of N-acetylation. Carbohydrate Polymers 1993, 22:193-201.
-
(1993)
Carbohydrate Polymers
, vol.22
, pp. 193-201
-
-
Anthonsen, M.W.1
Vårum, K.M.2
Smidsrød, O.3
-
4
-
-
33645779735
-
Insights into in vivo activities of lantibiotics from gallidermin and epidermin, mode-of-action studies
-
Bonelli R.R., Schneider T., Sahl H.G., Wiedemann I. Insights into in vivo activities of lantibiotics from gallidermin and epidermin, mode-of-action studies. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2006, 50:1449-1457.
-
(2006)
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
, vol.50
, pp. 1449-1457
-
-
Bonelli, R.R.1
Schneider, T.2
Sahl, H.G.3
Wiedemann, I.4
-
5
-
-
79957916364
-
Structure determines properties
-
McGraw-Hill, New York, F.A. Carey (Ed.)
-
Carey F.A. Structure determines properties. Organic Chemistry 2006, 8-61. McGraw-Hill, New York. 6th ed. F.A. Carey (Ed.).
-
(2006)
Organic Chemistry
, pp. 8-61
-
-
Carey, F.A.1
-
6
-
-
0032169076
-
Antibacterial effects of N-sulfonated and N-sulfobenzoyl chitosan and application to oyster preservation
-
Chen C.S., Liau W.Y., Tsai G.J. Antibacterial effects of N-sulfonated and N-sulfobenzoyl chitosan and application to oyster preservation. Journal of Food Protection 1998, 61:1124-1128.
-
(1998)
Journal of Food Protection
, vol.61
, pp. 1124-1128
-
-
Chen, C.S.1
Liau, W.Y.2
Tsai, G.J.3
-
7
-
-
49149120547
-
Chain stiffness and extension of chitosans and periodate oxidised chitosans studied by size-exclusion chromatography combined with light scattering and viscosity detectors
-
Christensen B.E., Vold I.M.N., Vårum K.M. Chain stiffness and extension of chitosans and periodate oxidised chitosans studied by size-exclusion chromatography combined with light scattering and viscosity detectors. Carbohydrate Polymers 2008, 74:559-565.
-
(2008)
Carbohydrate Polymers
, vol.74
, pp. 559-565
-
-
Christensen, B.E.1
Vold, I.M.N.2
Vårum, K.M.3
-
8
-
-
38849166119
-
Antibacterial characteristics and activity of acid-soluble chitosan
-
Chung Y.C., Chen C.Y. Antibacterial characteristics and activity of acid-soluble chitosan. Bioresource Technology 2008, 99:2806-2814.
-
(2008)
Bioresource Technology
, vol.99
, pp. 2806-2814
-
-
Chung, Y.C.1
Chen, C.Y.2
-
9
-
-
4143124627
-
Chitosan: antimicrobial activity, interactions with food components and applicability as a coating on fruit and vegetables
-
Devlieghere F., Vermeulen A., Debevere J. Chitosan: antimicrobial activity, interactions with food components and applicability as a coating on fruit and vegetables. Food Microbiology 2004, 21:703-714.
-
(2004)
Food Microbiology
, vol.21
, pp. 703-714
-
-
Devlieghere, F.1
Vermeulen, A.2
Debevere, J.3
-
11
-
-
0030628238
-
Interaction of cationic peptides with bacterial membranes
-
Humana Press, Totowa, W.M. Shafer (Ed.)
-
Fidai S., Farmer S.W., Hancock R.E.W. Interaction of cationic peptides with bacterial membranes. Antibacterial Peptide Protocols 1997, 187-204. Humana Press, Totowa. W.M. Shafer (Ed.).
-
(1997)
Antibacterial Peptide Protocols
, pp. 187-204
-
-
Fidai, S.1
Farmer, S.W.2
Hancock, R.E.W.3
-
12
-
-
78049451910
-
Review of antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of chitosans in food
-
Friedman M., Juneja V.K. Review of antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of chitosans in food. Journal of Food Protection 2010, 73:1737-1761.
-
(2010)
Journal of Food Protection
, vol.73
, pp. 1737-1761
-
-
Friedman, M.1
Juneja, V.K.2
-
13
-
-
68849113735
-
Antimicrobial activity of chitosan against Campylobacter spp. and other microorganisms and its mechanism of action
-
Ganan M., Carrascosa A.V., Martínez-Rodríguez A.J. Antimicrobial activity of chitosan against Campylobacter spp. and other microorganisms and its mechanism of action. Journal of Food Protection 2009, 72:1735-1738.
-
(2009)
Journal of Food Protection
, vol.72
, pp. 1735-1738
-
-
Ganan, M.1
Carrascosa, A.V.2
Martínez-Rodríguez, A.J.3
-
14
-
-
3342988275
-
Antibacterial effects of water-soluble low-molecular-weight chitosans on different microorganisms
-
Gerasimenko D.V., Avdienko I.D., Bannikova G.E., Zueva O.Y., Varlamov V.P. Antibacterial effects of water-soluble low-molecular-weight chitosans on different microorganisms. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 2004, 40:253-257.
-
(2004)
Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology
, vol.40
, pp. 253-257
-
-
Gerasimenko, D.V.1
Avdienko, I.D.2
Bannikova, G.E.3
Zueva, O.Y.4
Varlamov, V.P.5
-
15
-
-
0031784033
-
Molecular basis for structural diversity in the core regions of the lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica
-
Heinrichs D.E., Yethon J.A., Whitfield C. Molecular basis for structural diversity in the core regions of the lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. Molecular Microbiology 1998, 30:221-232.
-
(1998)
Molecular Microbiology
, vol.30
, pp. 221-232
-
-
Heinrichs, D.E.1
Yethon, J.A.2
Whitfield, C.3
-
17
-
-
0024351095
-
RfaP mutants of Salmonella typhimurium
-
Helander I.M., Vaara M., Sukupolvi S., Rhen M., Saarela S., Zähringer U., Mäkelä P.H. rfaP mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. European Journal of Biochemistry 1989, 185:541-546.
-
(1989)
European Journal of Biochemistry
, vol.185
, pp. 541-546
-
-
Helander, I.M.1
Vaara, M.2
Sukupolvi, S.3
Rhen, M.4
Saarela, S.5
Zähringer, U.6
Mäkelä, P.H.7
-
18
-
-
0035977383
-
Chitosan disrupts the barrier properties of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria
-
Helander I.M., Nurmiaho-Lassila E.L., Ahvenainen R., Rhoades J., Roller S. Chitosan disrupts the barrier properties of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. International Journal of Food Microbiology 2001, 71:235-244.
-
(2001)
International Journal of Food Microbiology
, vol.71
, pp. 235-244
-
-
Helander, I.M.1
Nurmiaho-Lassila, E.L.2
Ahvenainen, R.3
Rhoades, J.4
Roller, S.5
-
19
-
-
0035216323
-
Antimicrobial effect of chitooligosaccharides produced by bioreactor
-
Jeon Y.J., Park P.J., Kim S.K. Antimicrobial effect of chitooligosaccharides produced by bioreactor. Carbohydrate Polymers 2001, 44:71-76.
-
(2001)
Carbohydrate Polymers
, vol.44
, pp. 71-76
-
-
Jeon, Y.J.1
Park, P.J.2
Kim, S.K.3
-
20
-
-
0036205081
-
Interaction between polyamines and bacterial outer membranes as investigated with ion-selective electrodes
-
Katsu T., Nakagawa H., Yasuda K. Interaction between polyamines and bacterial outer membranes as investigated with ion-selective electrodes. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2002, 46:1073-1079.
-
(2002)
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
, vol.46
, pp. 1073-1079
-
-
Katsu, T.1
Nakagawa, H.2
Yasuda, K.3
-
21
-
-
84891778630
-
-
Available at:, Accessed 2010 Nov 18, KFDA (Korea Food and Drug Administration)
-
KFDA (Korea Food and Drug Administration) Korea Food Additives Code 2010, Available at:, Accessed 2010 Nov 18. http://www.kfda.go.kr.
-
(2010)
Korea Food Additives Code
-
-
-
22
-
-
27444442138
-
Characterization of chito-oligosaccharides prepared by chitosanolysis with the aid of papain and Pronase, and their bactericidal action against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli
-
Kumar A.B.V., Varadaraj M.C., Gowda L.R., Tharanathan R.N. Characterization of chito-oligosaccharides prepared by chitosanolysis with the aid of papain and Pronase, and their bactericidal action against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. The Biochemical Journal 2005, 391:167-175.
-
(2005)
The Biochemical Journal
, vol.391
, pp. 167-175
-
-
Kumar, A.B.V.1
Varadaraj, M.C.2
Gowda, L.R.3
Tharanathan, R.N.4
-
23
-
-
33847263062
-
Low molecular weight chitosan - preparation with the aid of pepsin, characterization, and its bactericidal activity
-
Kumar B.A.V., Varadaraj M.C., Tharanathan R.N. Low molecular weight chitosan - preparation with the aid of pepsin, characterization, and its bactericidal activity. Biomacromolecules 2007, 8:566-572.
-
(2007)
Biomacromolecules
, vol.8
, pp. 566-572
-
-
Kumar, B.A.V.1
Varadaraj, M.C.2
Tharanathan, R.N.3
-
25
-
-
71949104293
-
Chitosan kills Escherichia coli through damage to be of cell membrane mechanism
-
Li X.F., Feng X.Q., Yang S., Fu G.Q., Wang T.P., Su Z.X. Chitosan kills Escherichia coli through damage to be of cell membrane mechanism. Carbohydrate Polymers 2010, 79:493-499.
-
(2010)
Carbohydrate Polymers
, vol.79
, pp. 493-499
-
-
Li, X.F.1
Feng, X.Q.2
Yang, S.3
Fu, G.Q.4
Wang, T.P.5
Su, Z.X.6
-
26
-
-
0014979453
-
Bacteriophage attachment sites, serological specificity, and chemical composition of lipopolysaccharides of semirough and rough mutants of Salmonella typhimurium
-
Lindberg A.A., Hellerqvist C.G. Bacteriophage attachment sites, serological specificity, and chemical composition of lipopolysaccharides of semirough and rough mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. Journal of Bacteriology 1971, 105:57-64.
-
(1971)
Journal of Bacteriology
, vol.105
, pp. 57-64
-
-
Lindberg, A.A.1
Hellerqvist, C.G.2
-
27
-
-
3343022969
-
Chitosan kills bacteria through cell membrane damage
-
Liu H., Du Y., Wang X., Sun L. Chitosan kills bacteria through cell membrane damage. International Journal of Food Microbiology 2004, 95:147-155.
-
(2004)
International Journal of Food Microbiology
, vol.95
, pp. 147-155
-
-
Liu, H.1
Du, Y.2
Wang, X.3
Sun, L.4
-
28
-
-
0021170801
-
Use of the fluorescent probe 1-N-Phenylnaphthylamine to study the interactions of aminoglycoside antibiotics with the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
Loh B., Grant C., Hancock R.E.W. Use of the fluorescent probe 1-N-Phenylnaphthylamine to study the interactions of aminoglycoside antibiotics with the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1984, 26:546-551.
-
(1984)
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
, vol.26
, pp. 546-551
-
-
Loh, B.1
Grant, C.2
Hancock, R.E.W.3
-
29
-
-
0003129558
-
Genetics of lipopolysaccharide
-
Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam, E.T. Rietschel (Ed.)
-
Mäkelä P.H., Stocker B.A.D. Genetics of lipopolysaccharide. Chemistry of Endotoxin 1984, 59-137. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam. E.T. Rietschel (Ed.).
-
(1984)
Chemistry of Endotoxin
, pp. 59-137
-
-
Mäkelä, P.H.1
Stocker, B.A.D.2
-
30
-
-
0347549537
-
-
Available at:, Accessed 2010 Nov 18, MHLW (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan))
-
MHLW (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan)) List of Existing Food Additives 1996, Available at:, Accessed 2010 Nov 18. http://www.mhlw.go.jp.
-
(1996)
List of Existing Food Additives
-
-
-
31
-
-
0347479229
-
Molecular basis of bacterial outer membrane permeability revisited
-
Nikaido H. Molecular basis of bacterial outer membrane permeability revisited. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 2003, 67:593-656.
-
(2003)
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
, vol.67
, pp. 593-656
-
-
Nikaido, H.1
-
32
-
-
0037170816
-
Antibacterial activity of chitosans and chitosan oligomers with different molecular weights
-
No H.K., Park N.Y., Lee S.H., Meyers S.P. Antibacterial activity of chitosans and chitosan oligomers with different molecular weights. International Journal of Food Microbiology 2002, 74:65-72.
-
(2002)
International Journal of Food Microbiology
, vol.74
, pp. 65-72
-
-
No, H.K.1
Park, N.Y.2
Lee, S.H.3
Meyers, S.P.4
-
33
-
-
34250799053
-
Applications of chitosan for improvement of quality and shelf life of foods: a review
-
No H.K., Meyers S.P., Prinyawiwatkul W., Xu Z. Applications of chitosan for improvement of quality and shelf life of foods: a review. Journal of Food Science 2007, 72:R87-R100.
-
(2007)
Journal of Food Science
, vol.72
-
-
No, H.K.1
Meyers, S.P.2
Prinyawiwatkul, W.3
Xu, Z.4
-
34
-
-
5344256263
-
Bacterial cytoplasmic membrane permeability assay using ion-selective electrodes
-
Ohmizo C., Yata M., Katsu T. Bacterial cytoplasmic membrane permeability assay using ion-selective electrodes. Journal of Microbiological Methods 2004, 59:173-179.
-
(2004)
Journal of Microbiological Methods
, vol.59
, pp. 173-179
-
-
Ohmizo, C.1
Yata, M.2
Katsu, T.3
-
35
-
-
0036008798
-
Potassium release, a useful tool for studying antimicrobial peptides
-
Orlov D.S., Nguyen T., Lehrer R.I. Potassium release, a useful tool for studying antimicrobial peptides. Journal of Microbiological Methods 2002, 49:325-328.
-
(2002)
Journal of Microbiological Methods
, vol.49
, pp. 325-328
-
-
Orlov, D.S.1
Nguyen, T.2
Lehrer, R.I.3
-
36
-
-
2442509927
-
Antimicrobial activity of hetero-chitosans and their oligosaccharides with different molecular weights
-
Park P.J., Je J.Y., Byun H.G., Moon S.H., Kim S.K. Antimicrobial activity of hetero-chitosans and their oligosaccharides with different molecular weights. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 2004, 14:317-323.
-
(2004)
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
, vol.14
, pp. 317-323
-
-
Park, P.J.1
Je, J.Y.2
Byun, H.G.3
Moon, S.H.4
Kim, S.K.5
-
37
-
-
45749108316
-
Insights into the mode of action of chitosan as an antibacterial compound
-
Raafat D., von Bargen K., Haas A., Sahl H.G. Insights into the mode of action of chitosan as an antibacterial compound. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2008, 74:3764-3773.
-
(2008)
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
, vol.74
, pp. 3764-3773
-
-
Raafat, D.1
von Bargen, K.2
Haas, A.3
Sahl, H.G.4
-
38
-
-
45749108316
-
Insights into the mode of action of chitosan as an antibacterial compound
-
Raafat D., von Bargen K., Haas A., Sahl H.G. Insights into the mode of action of chitosan as an antibacterial compound. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2008, 74:7455.
-
(2008)
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
, vol.74
, pp. 7455
-
-
Raafat, D.1
von Bargen, K.2
Haas, A.3
Sahl, H.G.4
-
39
-
-
0033986004
-
Antimicrobial actions of degraded and native chitosan against spoilage organisms in laboratory media and foods
-
Rhoades J., Roller S. Antimicrobial actions of degraded and native chitosan against spoilage organisms in laboratory media and foods. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2000, 66:80-86.
-
(2000)
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
, vol.66
, pp. 80-86
-
-
Rhoades, J.1
Roller, S.2
-
41
-
-
26444527560
-
Utilization of chitosan for preservation of raw shrimp (Pandalus borealis)
-
Simpson B.K., Gagné N., Ashie I.N.A., Noroozi E. Utilization of chitosan for preservation of raw shrimp (Pandalus borealis). Food Biotechnology 1997, 11:25-44.
-
(1997)
Food Biotechnology
, vol.11
, pp. 25-44
-
-
Simpson, B.K.1
Gagné, N.2
Ashie, I.N.A.3
Noroozi, E.4
-
42
-
-
0034821282
-
Relation between the degree of acetylation and the electrostatic properties of chitin and chitosan
-
Sorlier P., Denuzière A., Viton C., Domard A. Relation between the degree of acetylation and the electrostatic properties of chitin and chitosan. Biomacromolecules 2001, 2:765-772.
-
(2001)
Biomacromolecules
, vol.2
, pp. 765-772
-
-
Sorlier, P.1
Denuzière, A.2
Viton, C.3
Domard, A.4
-
43
-
-
0035675364
-
Electrophoretic light scattering studies of chitosans with different degrees of N-acetylation
-
Strand S.P., Tømmeraas K., Vårum K.M., Østgaard K. Electrophoretic light scattering studies of chitosans with different degrees of N-acetylation. Biomacromolecules 2001, 2:1310-1314.
-
(2001)
Biomacromolecules
, vol.2
, pp. 1310-1314
-
-
Strand, S.P.1
Tømmeraas, K.2
Vårum, K.M.3
Østgaard, K.4
-
44
-
-
0034893544
-
Screening of chitosans and conditions for bacterial flocculation
-
Strand S.P., Vandvik M.S., Varum K.M., Ostgaard K. Screening of chitosans and conditions for bacterial flocculation. Biomacromolecules 2001, 2:126-133.
-
(2001)
Biomacromolecules
, vol.2
, pp. 126-133
-
-
Strand, S.P.1
Vandvik, M.S.2
Varum, K.M.3
Ostgaard, K.4
-
46
-
-
0015786338
-
The structure of Escherichia coli membranes studied by fluorescence measurements of lipid phase transitions
-
Träuble H., Overath P. The structure of Escherichia coli membranes studied by fluorescence measurements of lipid phase transitions. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1973, 307:491-512.
-
(1973)
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
, vol.307
, pp. 491-512
-
-
Träuble, H.1
Overath, P.2
-
47
-
-
0033106007
-
Antibacterial activity of shrimp chitosan against Escherichia coli
-
Tsai G.J., Su W.H. Antibacterial activity of shrimp chitosan against Escherichia coli. Journal of Food Protection 1999, 62:239-243.
-
(1999)
Journal of Food Protection
, vol.62
, pp. 239-243
-
-
Tsai, G.J.1
Su, W.H.2
-
48
-
-
0036195334
-
Antimicrobial activity of shrimp chitin and chitosan from different treatments and applications of fish preservation
-
Tsai G.J., Su W.H., Chen H.C., Pan C.L. Antimicrobial activity of shrimp chitin and chitosan from different treatments and applications of fish preservation. Fisheries Science 2002, 68:170-177.
-
(2002)
Fisheries Science
, vol.68
, pp. 170-177
-
-
Tsai, G.J.1
Su, W.H.2
Chen, H.C.3
Pan, C.L.4
-
49
-
-
84860713421
-
-
Available at:, Accessed 2010 Nov 19, UK FSA (UK Food Standards Agency)
-
UK FSA (UK Food Standards Agency) Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers 2010, Available at:, Accessed 2010 Nov 19. http://www.food.gov.uk.
-
(2010)
Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers
-
-
-
50
-
-
79957901475
-
-
Available at: Accessed 2010 Nov 19, US FDA (US Food and Drug Administration)
-
US FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) GRAS Substances Database 2006, Available at: http://www. fda.gov/. Accessed 2010 Nov 19.
-
(2006)
GRAS Substances Database
-
-
-
51
-
-
0026802197
-
Agents that increase the permeability of the outer membrane
-
Vaara M. Agents that increase the permeability of the outer membrane. Microbiological Reviews 1992, 56:395-411.
-
(1992)
Microbiological Reviews
, vol.56
, pp. 395-411
-
-
Vaara, M.1
-
52
-
-
0027365548
-
Antibiotic-super susceptible mutants of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium
-
Vaara M. Antibiotic-super susceptible mutants of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1993, 37:2255-2260.
-
(1993)
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
, vol.37
, pp. 2255-2260
-
-
Vaara, M.1
-
53
-
-
33644956838
-
Structure-property relationships in chitosans
-
Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, S. Dumitriu (Ed.) Polysaccharides
-
Vårum K.M., Smidsrød O. Structure-property relationships in chitosans. Structural Diversity and Functional Versatility 2005, 625-642. Marcel Dekker Inc, New York. 2nd ed. S. Dumitriu (Ed.).
-
(2005)
Structural Diversity and Functional Versatility
, pp. 625-642
-
-
Vårum, K.M.1
Smidsrød, O.2
-
54
-
-
84963967586
-
Inhibition and inactivation of five species of foodborne pathogens by chitosan
-
Wang G.H. Inhibition and inactivation of five species of foodborne pathogens by chitosan. Journal of Food Protection 1992, 55:916-919.
-
(1992)
Journal of Food Protection
, vol.55
, pp. 916-919
-
-
Wang, G.H.1
-
55
-
-
0002848709
-
An overview of the regulatory status and of the safety of chitin and chitosan as food and pharmaceutical ingredients
-
Elsevier Applied Science, London, C.J. Brine, P.A. Sandford, J.P. Zikakis (Eds.)
-
Weiner M.L. An overview of the regulatory status and of the safety of chitin and chitosan as food and pharmaceutical ingredients. Advances in Chitin and Chitosan 1992, 663-670. Elsevier Applied Science, London. C.J. Brine, P.A. Sandford, J.P. Zikakis (Eds.).
-
(1992)
Advances in Chitin and Chitosan
, pp. 663-670
-
-
Weiner, M.L.1
-
56
-
-
0242271315
-
Study on antimicrobial activity of chitosan with different molecular weights
-
Zheng L.Y., Zhu J.F. Study on antimicrobial activity of chitosan with different molecular weights. Carbohydrate Polymers 2003, 54:527-530.
-
(2003)
Carbohydrate Polymers
, vol.54
, pp. 527-530
-
-
Zheng, L.Y.1
Zhu, J.F.2
|