Would autocracies promote autocracy? A political economy perspective on regime-type export in regional neighbourhoods

Contemporary Politics

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 81-100

  Bader, Julia ^a   Grävingholt, Jörn ^a   Kästner, Antje ^a  

^a GERMAN DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE   (Germany)

Author keywords

Autocracy promotion; China; Foreign policy; Political economy; Russia

Indexed keywords

EID: 79956251957     PISSN: 13569775     EISSN: 14693631     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13569771003593904     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J., 2006. Economic origins of dictatorship and democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2. Baev, P.K., 2003. Russia's policies in the north and south Caucasus. In: D. Lynch, ed. The south Caucasus: a challenge for the EU. Paris: Institute for Security Studies, 41-52.
3. BBC, 2006. Georgians deported as row deepens. Available from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/5412672.stm [accessed 17 November 2009].
4. Brinks, D. and Coppedge, M., 2006. Diffusion is no illusion. Comparative Political Studies, 39 (4), 463-489.
5. Bueno de Mesquita, B., 2002. Political institutions, policy choice and the survival of leaders. British Journal of Political Sciences, 32 (4), 559-590.
6. Bueno de Mesquita, B. and Siverson, R.M., 1995. War and the survival of political leaders: a comparative study of regime types and political accountability. The American Political Science Review, 89 (4), 841-855.
7. Bueno de Mesquita, B., Smith, A., Siverson, R.M., and Morrow, J.D., 2003. The logic of political survival. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
8. Burnell, P., ed., 2000. Democracy assistance: international co-operation for democratization. London: Frank Cass.
9. Carothers, T., 1999. Aiding democracy abroad: the learning curve. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
10. Carothers, T., 2002. The end of the transition paradigm. Journal of Democracy, 13 (1), 5-21.
11. Carothers, T., 2009. Democracy assistance without a plan/long version. Development and Transition, 12.
12. Cooper, A., Antkiewicz, A., and Shaw, T., 2006. Economic size trumps all else? Lessons from BRICSAM. CIGI Working Paper No. 3. Waterloo, ON: Centre for International Governance Innovation.
13. Diamond, L., 2002. Thinking about hybrid regimes. Journal of Democracy, 13 (2), 21-36.
14. Diamond, L.J., 2008. The democratic rollback: the resurgence of the predatory state. Foreign Affairs, 87 (2), 36-48.
15. Dickson, B.J., 2003. Economics as the central task: do entrepreneurs matter? In: D.M. Finkelstein and M. Kivlehan, eds. China's leadership in the 21st century: the rise of the fourth generation. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 186-203.
16. Doyle, M., 1995. On the democratic peace. International Security, 19 (1), 180-184.
17. Earthrights International, 2008. China in Burma: the increasing investment of Chinese multinational corporations in Burma's hydropower, oil and natural gas, and mining sectors. Available from: http://www.earthrights.org/sites/default/files/publications/China-in-Burma-update-2008-English.pdf [accessed 20 November 2009].
18. Erdmann, G. and Engel, U., 2007. Neopatrimonialism reconsidered. Commonwealth & Comparative Politics, 45 (1), 95-119.
19. Eurasianet. org, 2006. Emigration from Kyrgyzstan is surging. Available from: http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/civilsociety/articles/eav032106_pr.shtml [accessed 17 November 2009].
20. Eurasianet. org, 2008. Kyrgyzstan: Russian economic assistance gives Bishkek a lift. Available from: http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insightb/articles/eav040909b%20.shtml [accessed 17 November 2009].
21. Faust, J., 2007. Democracy's dividend: political order and economic productivity. World Political Science Review, 3 (2), 1-29.
22. Finkel, S.E., Pérez-Liñán, A., and Seligson, M.A., 2007. The effects of US foreign assistance on democracy building, 1990-2003. World Politics, 59, 404-439.
23. Frieden, J.A. and Lake, D.A., 2000. International political economy. London: Routledge.
24. Fukuyama, F., 1992. The end of history and the last man. New York: Free Press.
25. Gaddy, C.G., 2007. The Russian economy in the year 2006. Post-Soviet Affairs, 23 (1), 38-49.
26. Gat, A., 2007. The return of authoritarian great powers. Foreign Affairs, 86 (4), 59-70.
27. Gelpi, C.F. and Griesdorf, M., 2001. Winners or losers? Democracies in international crisis, 1918-94. American Political Science Review, 95 (3), 633-647.
28. Gerrits, A.W.M., 2010. Exploring democracy in the Russian Federation: political regime, public opinion and international assistance. Contemporary Politics, 16 (1), 33-49.
29. Giessmann, H.J., ed., 2008. Security handbook 2008: emerging powers in East Asia: China, Russia and India. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft.
30. Gleditsch, K.S. and Ward, M.D., 2006. Diffusion and the international context of democratization. International Organisation, 60 (4), 911-933.
31. Global Witness, 2005. A choice for China: ending the destruction of Burma's northern frontier forests. Washington, DC: Goldman Witness.
32. Global Witness, 2007. Cambodia's family tree: illegal logging and the stripping of public assets by Cambodia's elite. Washington, DC: Goldman Witness.
33. Goldman Sachs, 2001. BRICs and beyond. London: Goldman Sachs.
34. Goodliffe, J. and Hawkins, D., 2007. Dependence networks and the diffusion of democracy. Annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hotel, Chicago, 12-15 April 2007. Available from: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p199294_index.html [accessed 12 April 2007].
35. Guo, X., 2007. Towards resolution: China in the Myanmar issue. Silk Road Paper. Washington, DC: Johns Hopkins University-SAIS.
36. Jackson, A., 2008. Soft annexion of Abkhazia is the greatest legacy of Putin to his successors. Caucasian Review of International Affairs, 2 (3), 1-5.
37. Jackson, N.J., 2010. The role of external factors in advancing non-liberal democratic forms of political rule: a case study of Russia's influence on Central Asian regimes. Contemporary Politics, 16 (1), 101-118.
38. Kagan, R., 2008. The return of history and the end of dreams. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
39. Kaplinsky, R. and Messner, D., 2008. Introduction: the impact of Asian drivers on the developing world. World Development, 36 (2), 197-209.
40. Karimova, C. and Erimova, E., 2009. Muddied look to Kyrgyz power deal. Available from: http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Central_Asia/KC11Ag01.html [accessed 1 February 2010].
41. Kästner, A., 2008. From chaos to pragmatism: the domestic sources of Russian foreign policy, 1991-2008. DIE Discussion Paper 19. Bonn.
42. Kim, T., 2003. Leading small groups: managing all under heaven. In: D.M. Finkelstein and M. Kivlehan, eds. China's leadership in the 21st century: the rise of the fourth generation. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 121-139.
43. Kopstein, J. and Reilly, D., 2000. Geographic diffusion and the transformation of the postcommunist world. World Politics, 53 (1), 1-37.
44. Kramer, A.E., 2006. Gazprom of Russia to double natural gas prices for Georgia. International Herald Tribune. Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/22/business/worldbusiness/22iht-gazprom.3992669.html [accessed 22 December 2006].
45. Lake, D.A. and Baum, M.A., 2001. The invisible hand of democracy: political control and the provision of public services. Comparative Political Studies, 34 (6), 587-621.
46. Levitsky, S. and Way, L., 2005. International linkage and democratization. Journal of Democracy, 16 (3), 20-34.
47. Levy, G. and Razin, R., 2007. It takes two: an explanation of democratic peace. Journal of European Economic Association, 2 (1), 1-29.
48. Levy, J.S., 1988. Domestic politics and war. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 18 (4), 653-673.
49. Li, B. and Waldner, A., 2001. Career advancement as party patronage: sponsored mobility into the Chinese administrative elite, 1949-1996. American Journal of Sociology, 106 (5), 1371-1408.
50. Linz, J.J., 1975. Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes. In: F.I. Greenstein and N.W. Polsby, eds. Handbook of political science, Vol. 3: macropolitical theory. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 175-411.
51. Linz, J.J., 2000. Totalitarian and authoritarian regimes. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
52. MacFarlane, N., 2006. The 'R' in BRICs: is Russia an emerging power? International Affairs, 82 (1), 41-57.
53. Mansfield, E. and Snyder, J., 1995. Democratization and the danger of war. International Security, 20 (1), 5-38.
54. Marat, E., 2009. Bakiyev relies on Russia in domestic affairs. Eurasia Daily Monitor, 3 (128).
55. Merkel, W., 2004. Embedded and defective democracies. Democratization, 11 (5), 33-58.
56. Merkel, W., 2010. Are dictatorships returning? Revisiting the 'democratic rollback' hypothesis. Contemporary Politics, 16 (1), 17-31.
57. Middleton, C., 2008. Cambodia's hydropower development and China's involvement. Berkeley, CA: International Rivers and the Rivers Coalition of Cambodia.
58. Milner, H.V. and Kubota, K., 2005. Why the move to free trade? Democracy and trade policy in the developing countries. International Organization, 59 (1), 107-143.
59. Mitchell, L.A., 2009. Uncertain democracy: US foreign policy and Georgia's Rose Revolution. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
60. Myoe, M.A., 2007. Sino-Myanmar economic relations since 1988. Working Paper Series. Singapore: National University of Singapore, Asia Research Institute.
61. O'Donnell, G., 1996. Illusions about consolidation. Journal of Democracy, 7 (2), 34-51.
62. Olson, M., 1965. The logic of collective action: public goods and the theory of groups. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
63. Olson, M., 1982. The rise and decline of nations: economic growth, stagflation and social rigidities. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
64. Olson, M., 1993. Dictatorship, democracy and development. American Political Science Review, 87 (3), 567-576.
65. Olson, M., 2000. Power and prosperity: outgrowing communist and capitalist dictatorships. New York: Basic Books.
66. Ottaway, M., 2003. Democracy challenged: the rise of semi-authoritarianism. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
67. Papava, V., 2006. The political economy of Georgia's Rose Revoluation. Orbis, 50 (4), 657-667.
68. Popescu, N., 2006. 'Outsourcing' de-facto statehood: Russia and the secessionist entities in Georgia and Moldova. Centre for European Policy Studies, CEPS Policy Brief 109.
69. Puddington, A., 2007. The 2006 Freedom House survey: the pushback against democracy. Journal of Democracy, 18 (2), 125-137.
70. Puddington, A., 2008. Freedomin retreat: is the tide turning?Findings of freedomin theworld 2008. Available from: http://www.freedomhouse.org/uploads/fiw08launch/FIW08Overview.pdf [accessed 2 February 2008].
71. Radnitz, S., 2006. What really happened in Kyrgyzstan? Journal of Democracy, 17 (2), 132-146.
72. Ray, J.L., 2003. A Lakatosian view of the democratic peace research program. In: C. Elman and M.F. Elman, eds. Progress in international relations theory: appraising the field. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 205-243.
73. Schlumberger, O., 2008. Structural reform, economic order, and development: patrimonial capitalism. Review of International Political Economy, 15 (4), 622-649.
74. Schmitter, P.C., 1996. The international context, political conditionality, and the consolidation of neodemocracies. In: L. Whitehead, ed. The international dimensions of democratization: Europe and the Americas. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 26-55.
75. Shirk, S., 2007. China: fragile superpower. New York: Oxford University Press.
76. Starr, H., 1991. Democratic dominoes: diffusion approaches to the spread of democracy in the international system. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 35 (2), 356-381.
77. Storey, I., 2006. China's tightening relationship with Cambodia. Available from: http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=3947&tx_ttnews[backPid]=196&no_cache=1 [accessed 1 February 2010].
78. Storey, I., 2007. Burma's relation with China: neither puppet nor pawn. Available from: http://www.jamestown.org/programs/chinabrief/archivescb/cb2007/?tx_publicationsttnews_pi2[issue]=3 [accessed 1 February 2010].
79. Storey, I., 2009. Emerging fault lines in Sino-Burmese relations: the Kokang incident. China Brief, 9 (18), 5-8.
80. Sukhov, A., 2006. Post-Soviet radicalization of islam in Kyrgyzstan. Central Asia and the Caucasus, 6 (42), 102-110.
81. White, S. and Khryshtanovskaya, O., 2003. Putin's militocracy. Post-Soviet Affairs, 19 (4), 289-306.
82. Whitehead, L., ed., 1996. The international dimensions of democratization: Europe and the Americas. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
83. Wintrobe, R., 1990. The tinpot and the totalitarian: an economic theory of dictatorship. American Political Science Review, 84 (3), 849-872.
84. Wintrobe, R., 1998. The political economy of dictatorship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
85. Wu, G., 2003. From the July 1 speech to the sixteenth party congress: ideology, party construction, and leadership transition. In: D.M. Finkelstein and M. Kivleham, eds. China's leadership in the 21st century: the rise of the fourth generation. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 167-185.
86. Yilmaz, H., 2002. External-internal linkages in democratization: developing an open model of democratic change. Democratization, 9 (2), 67-84.
87. Zakaria, F., 1997. The rise of illiberal democracy. Foreign Affairs, 76 (6), 22-43.