Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders

Pediatric Clinics of North America

Volumn 58, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 621-635

  Wyatt, James K ^a  

^a RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Circadian rhythm; Circadian rhythm sleep disorders; Melatonin; Phototherapy; Sleep disorders; Sleep homeostasis

Indexed keywords

ARMODAFINIL; MELATONIN; MODAFINIL;

BEHAVIOR THERAPY; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM SLEEP DISORDER; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; HUMAN; JET LAG; LIGHT DARK CYCLE; LIGHT EXPOSURE; NIGHT SLEEP; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHOTOTHERAPY; REVIEW; SHIFT WORKER; SLEEP QUALITY; SLEEP THERAPY; SLEEP TIME; SLEEP WAKING CYCLE; TREATMENT PLANNING; WAKEFULNESS;

CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; HUMANS; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; RESPIRATORY THERAPY; SLEEP; SLEEP DISORDERS, CIRCADIAN RHYTHM;

EID: 79956132236     PISSN: 00313955     EISSN: 15578240     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2011.03.014     Document Type: Review

References (91)

1. American Academy of Sleep Medicine International classification of sleep disorders. Diagnostic and coding manual 2005, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester (IL). 2nd edition.
2. Cannon W.B. The wisdom of the body (revised) 1963, W.W. Norton and Company, Inc, New York.
3. Brunner D.P., Dijk D.J., Tobler I., et al. Effect of partial sleep deprivation on sleep stages and EEG power spectra: evidence for non-REM and REM sleep homeostasis. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1990, 75:492-499.
4. Dijk D.J., Brunner D.P., Beersma D.G., et al. Electroencephalogram power density and slow wave sleep as a function of prior waking and circadian phase. Sleep 1990, 13:430-440.
5. Dijk D.J., Beersma D.G., Daan S. EEG power density during nap sleep: reflection of an hourglass measuring the duration of prior wakefulness. J Biol Rhythms 1987, 2:207-219.
6. Cajochen C., Khalsa S.B., Wyatt J.K., et al. EEG and ocular correlates of circadian melatonin phase and human performance decrements during sleep loss. Am J Physiol 1999, 277:R640-R649.
7. Cajochen C., Wyatt J.K., Czeisler C.A., et al. Separation of circadian and wake duration-dependent modulation of EEG activation during wakefulness. Neuroscience 2002, 114:1047-1060.
8. Porkka-Heiskanen T., Strecker R.E., Thakkar M., et al. Adenosine: a mediator of the sleep-inducing effects of prolonged wakefulness. Science 1997, 276:1265-1268.
9. Snyder S.H., Katims J.J., Annau Z., et al. Adenosine receptors and behavioral actions of methylxanthines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1981, 78:3260-3264.
10. Nehlig A., Daval J.L., Debry G. Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 1992, 17:139-170.
11. Nishino S., Mignot E. Narcolepsy and cataplexy. Handb Clin Neurol 2011, 99:783-814.
12. Thakkar M.M. Histamine in the regulation of wakefulness. Sleep Med Rev 2011, 15(1):65-74.
13. Moore R.Y., Eichler V.B. Loss of a circadian adrenal corticosterone rhythm following suprachiasmatic lesions in the rat. Brain Res 1972, 42:201-206.
14. Stephan F.K., Zucker I. Circadian rhythms in drinking behavior and locomotor activity of rats are eliminated by hypothalamic lesions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1972, 69:1583-1586.
15. Mosko S.S., Moore R.Y. Neonatal suprachiasmatic nucleus lesions: effects on the development of circadian rhythms in the rat. Brain Res 1979, 164:17-38.
16. Berson D.M., Dunn F.A., Takao M. Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock. Science 2002, 295:1070-1073.
17. Czeisler C.A., Duffy J.F., Shanahan T.L., et al. Stability, precision, and near-24-hour period of the human circadian pacemaker [see comments]. Science 1999, 284:2177-2181.
18. Borbély A.A. A two process model of sleep regulation. Hum Neurobiol 1982, 1:195-204.
19. Dijk D.J., Czeisler C.A. Paradoxical timing of the circadian rhythm of sleep propensity serves to consolidate sleep and wakefulness in humans. Neurosci Lett 1994, 166:63-68.
20. Dijk D.J., Czeisler C.A. Contribution of the circadian pacemaker and the sleep homeostat to sleep propensity, sleep structure, electroencephalographic slow waves, and sleep spindle activity in humans. J Neurosci 1995, 15:3526-3538.
21. Wyatt J.K., Ritz-De Cecco A., Czeisler C.A., et al. Circadian temperature and melatonin rhythms, sleep, and neurobehavioral function in humans living on a 20-h day. Am J Physiol 1999, 277:R1152-R1163.
22. Czeisler C.A., Dijk D.J., Duffy J.F. Entrained phase of the circadian pacemaker serves to stabilize alertness and performance throughout the habitual waking day. Sleep onset: normal and abnormal processes 1994, 89-110. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC. R.D. Ogilvie, J.R. Harsh (Eds.).
23. Strogatz S.H., Kronauer R.E., Czeisler C.A. Circadian pacemaker interferes with sleep onset at specific times each day: role in insomnia. Am J Physiol 1987, 253:R172-R178.
24. Lavie P. Ultrashort sleep-waking schedule. III. 'Gates' and 'forbidden zones' for sleep. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1986, 63:414-425.
25. Wyatt J.K., Cajochen C., Ritz-De C.A., et al. Low-dose repeated caffeine administration for circadian-phase-dependent performance degradation during extended wakefulness. Sleep 2004, 27:374-381.
26. Weitzman E.D., Czeisler C.A., Coleman R.M., et al. Delayed sleep phase syndrome. A chronobiological disorder with sleep- onset insomnia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981, 38:737-746.
27. Morgenthaler T.I., Lee-Chiong T., Alessi C., et al. Practice parameters for the clinical evaluation and treatment of circadian rhythm sleep disorders. An American Academy of Sleep Medicine report. Sleep 2007, 30(11):1445-1459.
28. Horne J.A., Ostberg O. A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms. Int J Chronobiol 1976, 4(2):97-110.
29. Watanabe T., Kajimura N., Kato M., et al. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances in patients with delayed sleep phase syndrome. Sleep 2003, 26:657-661.
30. Uchiyama M., Okawa M., Shibui K., et al. Altered phase relation between sleep timing and core body temperature rhythm in delayed sleep phase syndrome and non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome in humans. Neurosci Lett 2000, 294:101-104.
31. Wyatt J.K., Stepanski E.J., Kirkby J. Circadian phase in delayed sleep phase syndrome: predictors and temporal stability across multiple assessments. Sleep 2006, 29:1075-1080.
32. Wyatt J.K. Delayed sleep phase syndrome: pathophysiology and treatment options. Sleep 2004, 27:1195-1203.
33. Yazaki M., Shirakawa S., Okawa M., et al. Demography of sleep disturbances associated with circadian rhythm disorders in Japan. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999, 53:267-268.
34. Ando K., Kripke D.F., Ancoli-Israel S. Delayed and advanced sleep phase symptoms. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci 2002, 39:11-18.
35. Czeisler C.A., Richardson G.S., Coleman R.M., et al. Chronotherapy: resetting the circadian clocks of patients with delayed sleep phase insomnia. Sleep 1981, 4:1-21.
36. Yamadera H., Takahashi K., Okawa M. A multicenter study of sleep-wake rhythm disorders: therapeutic effects of vitamin B12, bright light therapy, chronotherapy and hypnotics. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1996, 50:203-209.
37. Okawa M., Uchiyama M., Ozaki S., et al. Circadian rhythm sleep disorders in adolescents: clinical trials of combined treatments based on chronobiology. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1998, 52:483-490.
38. Lewy A.J., Ahmed S., Jackson J.M.L., et al. Melatonin shifts human circadian rhythms according to a phase-response curve. Chronobiol Int 1992, 9:380-392.
39. Lewy A.J., Bauer V.K., Ahmed S., et al. The human phase response curve (PRC) to melatonin is about 12 hours out of phase with the PRC to light. Chronobiol Int 1998, 15:71-83.
40. Burgess H.J., Revell V.L., Eastman C.I. A three pulse phase response curve to three milligrams of melatonin in humans. J Physiol 2008, 586:639-647.
41. Burgess H.J., Revell V.L., Molina T.A., et al. Human phase response curves to three days of daily melatonin: 0.5 mg versus 3.0 mg. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010, 95:3325-3331.
42. Wyatt J.K., Dijk D.J., Ritz-De Cecco A., et al. Sleep facilitating effect of exogenous melatonin in healthy young men and women is circadian-phase dependent. Sleep 2006, 29:609-618.
43. Kayumov L., Brown G., Jindal R., et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of the effect of exogenous melatonin on delayed sleep phase syndrome. Psychosom Med 2001, 63:40-48.
44. Nagtegaal J.E., Kerkhof G.A., Smits M.G., et al. Delayed sleep phase syndrome: a placebo-controlled cross-over study on the effects of melatonin administered five hours before the individual dim light melatonin onset. J Sleep Res 1998, 7:135-143.
45. Dahlitz M., Alvarez B., Vignau J., et al. Delayed sleep phase syndrome response to melatonin. Lancet 1991, 337:1121-1124.
46. Mundey K., Benloucif S., Harsanyi K., et al. Phase-dependent treatment of delayed sleep phase syndrome with melatonin. Sleep 2005, 28:1271-1278.
47. Dagan Y., Yovel I., Hallis D., et al. Evaluating the role of melatonin in the long-term treatment of delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS). Chronobiol Int 1998, 15:181-190.
48. Giannotti F., Cortesi F., Cerquiglini A., et al. An open-label study of controlled-release melatonin in treatment of sleep disorders in children with autism. J Autism Dev Disord 2006, 36:741-752.
49. Zhdanova I.V., Wurtman R.J., Wagstaff J. Effects of a low dose of melatonin on sleep in children with Angelman syndrome. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1999, 12:57-67.
50. Khalsa S.B., Jewett M.E., Cajochen C., et al. A phase response curve to single bright light pulses in human subjects. J Physiol 2003, 549:945-952.
51. Minors D.S., Waterhouse J.M., Wirz-Justice A. A human phase-response curve to light. Neurosci Lett 1991, 133:36-40.
52. Honma K., Honma S. A human phase response curve for bright light pulses. Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol 1988, 42:167-168.
53. Cole R.J., Smith J.S., Alcala Y.C., et al. Bright-light mask treatment of delayed sleep phase syndrome. J Biol Rhythms 2002, 17:89-101.
54. Rosenthal N.E., Joseph-Vanderpool J.R., Levendosky A.A., et al. Phase-shifting effects of bright morning light as treatment for delayed sleep phase syndrome. Sleep 1990, 13:354-361.
55. Wyatt J.K. Circadian rhythm sleep disorders in children and adolescents. Sleep Med Clin 2007, 2:387-396.
56. Sack R.L., Lewy A.J. Circadian rhythm sleep disorders: lessons from the blind. Sleep Med Rev 2001, 5:189-206.
57. Hashimoto S., Nakamura K., Honma S., et al. Free-running circadian rhythm of melatonin in a sighted man despite a 24-hour sleep pattern: a non-24-hour circadian syndrome. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1997, 51:109-114.
58. Czeisler C.A., Shanahan T.L., Klerman E.B., et al. Suppression of melatonin secretion in some blind patients by exposure to bright light [see comments]. N Engl J Med 1995, 332:6-11.
59. Boivin D.B., Caliyurt O., James F.O., et al. Association between delayed sleep phase and hypernyctohemeral syndromes: a case study. Sleep 2004, 27:417-421.
60. Sack R.L., Lewy A.J., Blood M.L., et al. Melatonin administration to blind people: phase advances and entrainment. J Biol Rhythms 1991, 6(3):249-261.
61. Lewy A.J., Emens J.S., Lefler B.J., et al. Melatonin entrains free-running blind people according to a physiological dose-response curve. Chronobiol Int 2005, 22:1093-1106.
62. Hack L.M., Lockley S.W., Arendt J., et al. The effects of low-dose 0.5-mg melatonin on the free-running circadian rhythms of blind subjects. J Biol Rhythms 2003, 18:420-429.
63. Pillar G., Shahar E., Peled N., et al. Melatonin improves sleep-wake patterns in psychomotor retarded children. Pediatr Neurol 2000, 23:225-228.
64. Jan J.E., Hamilton D., Seward N., et al. Clinical trials of controlled-release melatonin in children with sleep- wake cycle disorders. J Pineal Res 2000, 29:34-39.
65. Muhm J.M., Rock P.B., McMullin D.L., et al. Effect of aircraft-cabin altitude on passenger discomfort. N Engl J Med 2007, 357:18-27.
66. Johnson E.O., Roehrs T., Roth T., et al. Epidemiology of alcohol and medication as aids to sleep in early adulthood. Sleep 1998, 21:178-186.
67. Bolton J., Cox B., Clara I., et al. Use of alcohol and drugs to self-medicate anxiety disorders in a nationally representative sample. J Nerv Ment Dis 2006, 194:818-825.
68. Castaneda R., Sussman N., Levy R., et al. A review of the effects of moderate alcohol intake on psychiatric and sleep disorders. Recent Dev Alcohol 1998, 14:197-226.
69. Graeber R.C. Jet lag and sleep disruption. Principles and practice of sleep medicine 1994, 463-470. Saunders, Philadelphia. M.H. Kryger, T. Roth, W.C. Dement (Eds.).
70. Hauri P.J. Sleep hygiene, relaxation therapy, and cognitive interventions. Case studies in insomnia 1991, 65-84. Plenum, New York. P.J. Hauri (Ed.).
71. Stepanski E.J., Wyatt J.K. Use of sleep hygiene in the treatment of insomnia. Sleep Med Rev 2003, 7:215-225.
72. Burgess H.J., Crowley S.J., Gazda C.J., et al. Preflight adjustment to eastward travel: 3 days of advancing sleep with and without morning bright light. J Biol Rhythms 2003, 18:318-328.
73. Eastman C.I., Gazda C.J., Burgess H.J., et al. Advancing circadian rhythms before eastward flight: a strategy to prevent or reduce jet lag. Sleep 2005, 28:33-44.
74. Eastman C.I., Burgess H.J. How to travel the world without jet lag. Sleep Med Clin 2009, 4:241-255.
75. Walsh J.K., Muehlbach M.J., Humm T.M., et al. Effect of caffeine on physiological sleep tendency and ability to sustain wakefulness at night. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1990, 101:271-273.
76. Muehlbach M.J., Walsh J.K. The effects of caffeine on simulated night-shift work and subsequent daytime sleep. Sleep 1995, 18:22-29.
77. Czeisler C.A., Walsh J.K., Roth T., et al. Modafinil for excessive sleepiness associated with shift-work sleep disorder. N Engl J Med 2005, 353:476-486.
78. Grady S., Aeschbach D., Wright K.P., et al. Effect of modafinil on impairments in neurobehavioral performance and learning associated with extended wakefulness and circadian misalignment. Neuropsychopharmacology 2010, 35:1910-1920.
79. Czeisler C.A., Walsh J.K., Wesnes K.A., et al. Armodafinil for treatment of excessive sleepiness associated with shift work disorder: a randomized controlled study. Mayo Clin Proc 2009, 84:958-972.
80. NSF. 2006 Sleep in America Poll [report] 2006, National Sleep Foundation, Washington, DC.
81. Mindell J.A., Meltzer L.J., Carskadon M.A., et al. Developmental aspects of sleep hygiene: findings from the 2004 National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America Poll. Sleep Med 2009, 10:771-779.
82. Sharkey K.M., Eastman C.I. Melatonin phase shifts human circadian rhythms in a placebo-controlled simulated night-work study. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2002, 282:R454-R463.
83. Burgess H.J., Sharkey K.M., Eastman C.I. Bright light, dark and melatonin can promote circadian adaptation in night shift workers. Sleep Med Rev 2002, 6:407-420.
84. Sharkey K.M., Fogg L.F., Eastman C.I. Effects of melatonin administration on daytime sleep after simulated night shift work. J Sleep Res 2001, 10:181-192.
85. Eastman C.I., Boulos Z., Terman M., et al. Light treatment for sleep disorders: consensus report. VI. Shift work. J Biol Rhythms 1995, 10:157-164.
86. Eastman C.I., Stewart K.T., Mahoney M.P., et al. Dark goggles and bright light improve circadian rhythm adaptation to night-shift work. Sleep 1994, 17:535-543.
87. Akerstedt T., Torsvall L. Napping in shift work. Sleep 1985, 8:105-109.
88. Bonnet M.H., Arand D.L. The use of prophylactic naps and caffeine to maintain performance during a continuous operation. Ergonomics 1994, 37:1009-1020.
89. Rosekind M.R., Smith R.M., Miller D.L., et al. Alertness management: strategic naps in operational settings. J Sleep Res 1995, 4:62-66.
90. Owens J.A., Rosen C.L., Mindell J.A., et al. Use of pharmacotherapy for insomnia in child psychiatry practice: a national survey. Sleep Med 2010, 11:692-700.
91. Owens J.A., Rosen C.L., Mindell J.A. Medication use in the treatment of pediatric insomnia: results of a survey of community-based pediatricians. Pediatrics 2003, 111:e628-e635.