Internal curvature signal and noise in low- and high-level vision

Journal of Neurophysiology

Volumn 105, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 1236-1257

  Sweeny, Timothy D ^a   Grabowecky, Marcia ^b   Kim, Yee Joon ^c   Suzuki, Satoru ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c SMITH KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Crowding; Face; Feature contrast; Lateral interactions; Visual search

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EVOKED VISUAL RESPONSE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SIGNAL NOISE RATIO; VISION; VISUAL ACUITY; VISUAL STIMULATION; VISUAL SYSTEM FUNCTION;

ARTIFACTS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MODELS, NEUROLOGICAL; MODELS, STATISTICAL; PERCEPTUAL MASKING; VISUAL PERCEPTION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79955140977     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: 15221598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00061.2010     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. Attneave R. Some informational aspects of visual perception. Psychol Rev 61: 183-193, 1954.
2. Averbeck BB, Lee D. Neural noise and movement-related codes in the macaque supplementary motor area. J Neurosci 23: 7630-7641, 2003.
3. Baldassi S, Megna N, Burr DC. Visual clutter causes high-magnitude errors. PLoS Biol 4: 387-394, 2006.
4. Bell J, Gheorghiu E, Kingdom FA. Orientation tuning of curvature adaptation reveals both curvature-polarity-selective and non-selective mechanisms. J Vis 9: 1-11, 2009.
5. Biederman I. Recognition-by-components: a theory of human image understanding. Psychol Rev 94: 115-147, 1987.
6. Bruce C, Desimone R, Gross CG. Visual properties of neurons in a polysensory area in superior temporal sulcus of the macaque. J Neurophysiol 46: 369-384, 1981.
7. Chelazzi L, Duncan J, Miller EK, Desimone R. Responses of neurons in inferior temporal cortex during memory-guided visual search. J Neurophysiol 80: 2918-2940, 1998.
8. Deneve S, Latham PE, Pouget A. Reading population codes: a neural implementation of ideal observers. Nat Neurosci 2: 740-745, 1999.
9. Erickson CA, Jagadeesh B, Desimone R. Clustering of perirhinal neurons with similar properties following visual experience in adult monkeys. Nat Neurosci 3: 1143-1148, 2000.
10. Faisal AA, Selen LP, Wolpert DM. Noise in the nervous system. Nat Rev Neurosci 9: 292-303, 2008.
11. Farah MJ, Wilson KD, Drain HM, Tanaka JR. The inverted face inversion effect in prosopagnosia: evidence for mandatory, face-specific perception mechanism. Vision Res 35: 2089-2093, 1995.
12. Foldiak P, Xiao D, Keysers C, Edwards R, Perrett DI. Rapid serial visual presentation for the determination of neural selectivity in area STSa. Prog Brain Res 144: 107-116, 2004.
13. Freiwald WA, Tsao DY, Livingstone MS. A face feature space in the macaque temporal lobe. Nat Neurosci 12: 1187-1196, 2009.
14. Gallant JL, Shoup RE, Mazer JA. A human extrastriate area functionally homologous to macaque V4. Neuron 27: 227-235, 2000.
15. Gawne TJ, Richmond BJ. How independent are the messages carried by adjacent inferior temporal cortical neurons? J Neurosci 13: 2758-2771, 1993.
16. Gawne TJ, Troels WK, Hertz JA, Richmond BJ. Adjacent visual cortical complex cells share about 20% of their stimulus-related information. Cereb Cortex 6: 482-489, 1996.
17. Gheorghiu E, Kingdom FA. The spatial feature underlying the shapefrequency and shape-amplitude after-effects. Vision Res 47: 834-844, 2007.
18. Goolsby BA, Grabowecky M, Suzuki S. Adaptive modulation of color salience contingent upon global form coding and task relevance. Vision Res 45: 901-930, 2005.
19. Gorea A, Julesz B. Context superiority in a detection task with line-element stimuli: a low-level effect. Perception 19: 5-16, 1990.
20. Green DM, Swets JA. Signal Detection Theory and Psychophysics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1966.
21. Gur M, Beylin A, Snodderly DM. Response variability of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1) of alert monkeys. J Neurosci 17: 2914-2920, 1997.
22. Habak C, Wilkinson F, Zakher B, Wilson HR. Curvature population coding for complex shapes in human vision. Vision Res 44: 2815-2823, 2004.
23. Hasselmo ME, Rolls TE, Baylis GC. The role of expression and identity in the face-selective responses of neurons in the temporal visual cortex of the monkey. Behav Brain Res 32: 203-218, 1989.
24. Hegdé J, Van Essen DC. Selectivity for complex shapes in primate visual area V2. J Neurosci 20: RC61, 2000.
25. Hegdé J, Van Essen DC. A comparative study of shape representation in macaque visual areas V2 and V4. Cereb Cortex 17: 1100-1116, 2007.
26. Hoffman DD, Richards WA. Parts of recognition. Cognition 18: 65-96, 1984.
27. Hoffman E, Haxby J. Distinct representations of eye gaze and identity in the distributed human neural system for face perception. Nat Neurosci 3: 80-84, 2000.
28. Hurlbert A. Visual perception: learning to see through noise. Curr Biol 10: R231-R233, 2000.
29. Kanizsa G. Organization in Vision. New York: Praeger, 1979.
30. Kastner S, Nothdurft HC, Pigarev IN. Neuronal correlates of pop-out in cat striate cortex. Vision Res 37: 371-376, 1997.
31. Kastner S, De Weerd P, Pinsk MA, Elizondo MI, Desimone R, Ungerleider LG. Modulation of sensory suppression: implications for receptive field sizes in the human visual cortex. J Neurophysiol 86: 1398-1411, 2001.
32. Kayaert G, Biederman I, Op de Beeck H, Vogels R. Tuning for shape dimensions in macaque inferior temporal cortex. Eur J Neurosci 22: 212-224, 2005.
33. Klein S, Stromeyer CF 3rd, Ganz L. The simultaneous spatial frequency shift: a dissociation between the detection and perception of gratings. Vision Res 14: 1421-1432, 1974.
34. Lee C, Rohrer WH, Sparks DL. Population coding of saccadic eye movements by neurons in the superior colliculus. Nature 332: 357-360, 1988.
35. Lee D, Port NL, Kruse W, Georgopoulos AP. Variability and correlated noise in the discharge of neurons in motor and parietal areas of the primate cortex. J Neurosci 18: 1161-1170, 1998a.
36. Lee TS, Mumford D, Romero R, Lamme VA. The role of the primary visual cortex in higher level vision. Vision Res 38: 2429-2454, 1998b.
37. Lee TS, Yang CF, Romero RD, Mumford D. Neural activity in early visual cortex reflects behavioral experience and higher-order perceptual saliency. Nat Neurosci 5: 589-597, 2002.
38. Leopold DA, O'Toole AJ, Vetter T, Blanz V. Prototype-referenced shape encoding revealed by high-level after-effects. Nat Neurosci 4: 89-94, 2001.
39. Losada MA, Mullen KT. Color and luminance spatial tuning estimated by noise masking in the absence of off-frequency looking. J Opt Soc Am A 12: 250-260, 1995.
40. Luck SJ, Chelazzi L, Hillyard SA, Desimone R. Neural mechanisms of spatial selective attention in areas V1, V2, and V4 of macaque visual cortex. J Neurophysiol 77: 24-42, 1997.
41. Mareschal I, Morgan MJ, Solomon JA. Contextual effects on decision templates for parafoveal orientation identification. Vision Res 48: 2689- 2695, 2008.
42. Mermelstein R, Banks W, Prinzmetal W. Figural good-ness effects in perception and memory. Percept Psychophys 26: 472-480, 1979.
43. Miller EK, Gochin PM, Gross CG. Suppression of visual responses of neurons in inferior temporal cortex of the awake macaque by addition of a second stimulus. Brain Res 616: 25-29, 1993.
44. Morgan MJ. Hyperacuity of those in the know. Curr Biol 2: 481-482, 1992.
45. Muller JR, Metha AB, Krauskopf J, Lennie P. Rapid adaptation in visual cortex to the structure of images. Science 285: 1405-1408, 1999.
46. Müller KA, Schillinger F, Do DH, Leopold DA. Dissociable perceptual effects of visual adaptation. PLos One 4: 1-8, 2009.
47. Op De Beeck H, Vogels R. Spatial sensitivity of macaque inferior temporal neurons. J Comp Neurol 426: 505-518, 2000.
48. Oram MW, Perrett DI. Time course of neural responses discriminating different views of the face and head. J Neurophysiol 68: 70-84, 1992.
49. Pao HK, Geiger D, Rubin N. Measuring convexity for figure/ground separation. Proc IEEE Int Conf Comput Vis 2: 948-955, 1999.
50. Pasupathy A, Connor CE. Responses to contour features in macaque area V4. J Neurophysiol 82: 2490-2502, 1999.
51. Pasupathy A, Connor CE. Shape representation in area V4: position-specific tuning for boundary conformation. J Neurophysiol 86: 2505-2519, 2001.
52. Pasupathy A, Connor CE. Population coding of shape in area V4. Nat Neurosci 5: 1332-1338, 2002.
53. Perkins ME, Landy MS. Nonadditivity of masking by narrow-banned noises. Vision Res 31: 1053-1065, 1991.
54. Perret DI, Rolls ET, Caan W. Visual neurons responsive to faces in the monkey temporal cortex. Exp Brain Res 47: 329-342, 1982.
55. Poirier FJ, Wilson HR. A biologically plausible model of human radial frequency perception. Vision Res 46: 2443-2455, 2006.
56. Regan D, Hamstra SJ. Shape discrimination and the judgment of perfect symmetry: dissociation of shape from size. Vision Res 32: 1845-1864, 1992.
57. Reich DS, Mechler F, Victor JD. Independent and redundant information in nearby cortical neurons. Science 294: 2566-2568, 2001.
58. Reynolds JH, Chelazzi L, Desimone R. Competitive mechanisms subserve attention in macaque areas V2 and V4. J Neurosci 19: 1736-1753, 1999.
59. Richler JJ, Gauthier I, Wenger MJ, Palmeri TJ. Holistic processing of faces: perceptual and decisional components. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 34: 328-342, 2008.
60. Rockland KS, Van Hoesen GW. Direct temporal-occipital feedback connections to striate cortex (V1) in the macaque monkey. Cereb Cortex 4: 300-313, 1994.
61. Roland PE, Hanazawa A, Undeman C, Eriksson D, Tompa T, Nakamurah, Valentiniene S, Ahmed B. Cortical feedback depolarization waves: a mechanism of top-down influence on early visual areas. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 12586-12591, 2006.
62. Rolls ET, Tovee MJ. The responses of single neurons in the temporal visual cortical areas of the macaque when more than one stimulus is present in the receptive field. Exp Brain Res 103: 409-420, 1995.
63. Sato T. Interactions of visual stimuli in the receptive fields of inferior temporal neurons in awake macaques. Exp Brain Res 77: 23-30, 1989.
64. Schwartz O, Hsu A, Dayan P. Space and time in visual context. Nat Rev Neurosci 8: 522-535, 2007.
65. Softky WR, Koch C. The highly irregular firing of cortical cells is inconsistent with temporal integration of random EPSPs. J Neurosci 13: 334-350, 1993.
66. Solomon JA. Channel selection with non-white-noise masks. J Opt Soc Am A 17: 986-993, 2000.
67. Solomon JA. Noise reveals visual mechanisms of detection and discrimination. J Vis 2: 105-120, 2002.
68. Stevens KA, Brookes A. Probing depth in monocular images. Biol Cybern 56: 355-366, 1987.
69. Stocker AA, Simoncelli EP. Noise characteristics and prior expectations in human visual speed perception. Nat Neurosci 9: 578-585, 2006.
70. Streit M, Ioannides AA, Wolwer W, Dammers J, Gross J, Gaebel W, Muller-Gartner HW. Neurophysiological correlates of the recognition of facial expressions of emotion as revealed by magnetoencephalography. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 7: 481-491, 1999.
71. Sugase Y, Yamane S, Ueno S, Kawano K. Global and fine information coded by single neurons in the temporal visual cortex. Nature 400: 869-873, 1999.
72. Suzuki S. High-level pattern coding revealed by brief shape aftereffects. In: Fitting the Mind to the World: Adaptation and Aftereffects in High-Level Vision (Advances in Visual Cognition Series), edited by Clifford C and Rhodes G. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, vol. 2.
73. Suzuki S, Cavanagh P. Facial organization blocks access to low-level features: an object inferiority effect. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 21: 901-913, 1995.
74. Suzuki S, Cavanagh P. A shape-contrast effect for briefly presented stimuli. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 24: 1315-1341, 1998.
75. Suzuki S, Rivest J. Interactions among ''aspect-ratio channels.'' Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Suppl 39: S855, 1998.
76. Sweeny TD, Grabowecky M, Paller KA, Suzuki S. Within-hemifield perceptual averaging of facial expressions predicted by neural averaging. J Vis 9: 1-11, 2009.
77. Sweeny TD, Grabowecky M, Suzuki S. Simultaneous shape repulsion and global assimilation in the perception of aspect ratio. J Vis 11: 1-16, 2011.
78. Tanaka JW, Farah MJ. Parts and wholes in face recognition. Q J Exp Psychol A 46: 225-245, 1993.
79. Tolhurst DJ, Movshon JA, Dean AF. The statistical reliability of signals in single neurons in cat and monkey visual cortex. Vision Res 23: 775-785, 1983.
80. Tsao DY, Freiwald WA, Tootell RB, Livingstone MS. A cortical region consisting entirely of face-selective cells. Science 311: 670-674, 2006.
81. van Kan PL, Scobey RP, Gabor AJ. Response covariance in cat visual cortex. Exp Brain Res 60: 559-563, 1985.
82. Verghese P. Visual search and attention: a signal detection theory approach. Neuron 31: 523-535, 2001.
83. Vogels R. Population coding of stimulus orientation by striate cortical cells. Biol Cybern 64: 25-31, 1990.
84. Webster M, MacLin OH. Figural after-effects in the perception of faces. Psychon Bull Rev 6: 647-653, 1999.
85. Wenger MJ, Ingvalson EM. A decisional component of holistic encoding. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 28: 872-892, 2002.
86. Wilkinson F, Wilson HR, Ellemberg D. Lateral interaction in peripherally viewed texture arrays. J Opt Soc Am A 14: 2057-2068, 1997.
87. Wolfe JM, Yee A, Friedman-Hill SR. Curvature is a basic feature for visual search tasks. Perception 21: 465-480, 1992.
88. Wolford G, Chambers L. Lateral masking as a function of spacing. Percept Psychophys 33: 129-138, 1983.
89. Yarbus AL. Eye Movements and Vision. New York: Plenum Press, 1967.
90. Young MP, Yamane S. Sparse population coding of faces in the inferotemporal cortex. Science 256: 1327-1331, 1992.
91. Zipser K, Lamme VA, Schiller PH. Contextual modulation in primary visual cortex. J Neurosci 16: 7376-7389, 1996.
92. Zoccolan D, Cox DD, DiCarlo JJ. Multiple object response normalization in monkey inferotemporal cortex. J Neurosci 25: 8150-8164, 2005.
93. Zohary E, Shadien MN, Newsome WT. Correlated neuronal discharge rate and its implications for psychophysical performance. Nature 370: 140-143, 1994