메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue , 2011, Pages

Exploratory trials, confirmatory observations: A new reasoning model in the era of patient-centered medicine

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLINICAL PATHWAY; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); DECISION MAKING; EMPIRICAL RESEARCH; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HUMAN; LOGIC; METHODOLOGY; PATIENT CARE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); UTILIZATION REVIEW;

EID: 79955024489     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712288     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-11-57     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (11)

References (47)
  • 2
    • 0033608471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can randomized trials inform clinical decisions about individual patients?
    • 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)09102-8. 10073531
    • Can randomized trials inform clinical decisions about individual patients? M Mant, Lancet 1999 353 743 6 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)09102-8 10073531
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 743-6
    • Mant, M.1
  • 3
    • 0029897604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twentieth century paradigms that threaten both scientific and humane medicine in the twenty-first century
    • DOI 10.1016/0895-4356(96)00040-6
    • Twentieth century paradigms that threaten both scientific and human medicine in the twenty-first century. AR Feinstein, J Clin Epidemiol 1996 49 615 7 10.1016/0895-4356(96)00040-6 8656219 (Pubitemid 26202686)
    • (1996) Journal of Clinical Epidemiology , vol.49 , Issue.6 , pp. 615-617
    • Feinstein, A.R.1
  • 4
    • 70350704615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-centered care and preference-sensitive decision making
    • 10.1001/jama.2009.1550. 19861674
    • Patient-centered care and preference-sensitive decision making. CC Keirns SD Goold, JAMA 2009 302 1805 6 10.1001/jama.2009.1550 19861674
    • (2009) JAMA , vol.302 , pp. 1805-6
    • Keirns, C.C.1    Goold, S.D.2
  • 5
    • 68249103874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effectiveness research: A report from the Institute of Medicine
    • 19567618
    • Comparative effectiveness research: a report from the Institute of Medicine. HC Sox S Greenfield, Ann Intern Med 2009 151 203 5 19567618
    • (2009) Ann Intern Med , vol.151 , pp. 203-5
    • Sox, H.C.1    Greenfield, S.2
  • 6
    • 77949311820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charting a path from comparative effectiveness funding to improved patient-centered health care
    • 10.1001/jama.2010.259. 20215615
    • Charting a path from comparative effectiveness funding to improved patient-centered health care. PH Conway C Clancy, JAMA 2010 303 985 6 10.1001/jama.2010.259 20215615
    • (2010) JAMA , vol.303 , pp. 985-6
    • Conway, P.H.1    Clancy, C.2
  • 7
    • 0032142996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncontrolled pearls, controlled evidence, meta-analysis and the individual patient
    • DOI 10.1016/S0895-4356(98)00042-0, PII S0895435698000420
    • Uncontrolled pearls, controlled evidence, meta-analysis and the individual patient. JP Ioannidis J Lau, J Clin Epidemiol 1998 51 709 11 10.1016/S0895-4356(98)00042-0 9743320 (Pubitemid 28404366)
    • (1998) Journal of Clinical Epidemiology , vol.51 , Issue.8 , pp. 709-711
    • Ioannidis, J.P.A.1    Lau, J.2
  • 8
    • 77953472144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic advances and their impact on clinical trial design
    • 10.1186/gm69. 19638184
    • Genomic advances and their impact on clinical trial design. SJ Mandrekar DJ Sargent, Genome Medicine 2009 1 69 10.1186/gm69 19638184
    • (2009) Genome Medicine , vol.1 , pp. 69
    • Mandrekar, S.J.1    Sargent, D.J.2
  • 9
    • 0031472453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problems in the "evidence" of "evidence-based medicine"
    • 10.1016/S0002-9343(97)00244-1. 9428837
    • Problems in the "evidence" of "evidence-based medicine". AR Feinstein IR Horwitz, Am J Med 1997 103 529 35 10.1016/S0002-9343(97)00244-1 9428837
    • (1997) Am J Med , vol.103 , pp. 529-35
    • Feinstein, A.R.1    Horwitz, I.R.2
  • 10
    • 0014115513 scopus 로고
    • Explanatory and pragmatic attitudes in therapeutic trials
    • 10.1016/0021-9681(67)90041-0. 4860352
    • Explanatory and pragmatic attitudes in therapeutic trials. D Schwartz J Lellouch, J Chronic Dis 1967 20 637 48 10.1016/0021-9681(67)90041-0 4860352
    • (1967) J Chronic Dis , vol.20 , pp. 637-48
    • Schwartz, D.1    Lellouch, J.2
  • 11
    • 0141684982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practical Clinical Trials: Increasing the Value of Clinical Research for Decision Making in Clinical and Health Policy
    • DOI 10.1001/jama.290.12.1624
    • Practical clinical trials: increasing the value of clinical research for decision making in clinical and health policy. SR Tunis DB Stryer CM Clancy, JAMA 2003 290 1624 32 10.1001/jama.290.12.1624 14506122 (Pubitemid 37430387)
    • (2003) Journal of the American Medical Association , vol.290 , Issue.12 , pp. 1624-1632
    • Tunis, S.R.1    Stryer, D.B.2    Clancy, C.M.3
  • 12
    • 68249130994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking randomized clinical trials for comparative effectiveness research: The need for transformational change
    • 19567619
    • Rethinking randomized clinical trials for comparative effectiveness research: the need for transformational change. BR Luce JM Kramer SN Goodman JT Connor S Tunis D Whicher S Schwartz, Ann Intern Med 2009 151 206 9 19567619
    • (2009) Ann Intern Med , vol.151 , pp. 206-9
    • Luce, B.R.1    Kramer, J.M.2    Goodman, S.N.3    Connor, J.T.4    Tunis, S.5    Whicher, D.6    Schwartz, S.7
  • 13
    • 0032585233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trials: The next 50 years. Large scale randomized evidence of moderate benefits
    • 9794846
    • Trials: the next 50 years. Large scale randomized evidence of moderate benefits. R Peto, BMJ 1998 317 1170 1 9794846
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 1170-1
    • Peto, R.1
  • 14
    • 0021745696 scopus 로고
    • Why do we need some large, simple randomized trials?
    • Why do we need some large simple randomized trials. S Yusuf R Collins R Peto, Stat Med 1984 3 409 20 10.1002/sim.4780030421 6528136 (Pubitemid 15167913)
    • (1984) Statistics in Medicine , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 409-420
    • Yusuf, S.1    Collins, R.2    Peto, R.3
  • 15
    • 77956555569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generating evidence for comparative effectiveness research using more pragmatic randomized controlled trials
    • 10.2165/11536160-000000000-00000. 20831305
    • Generating evidence for comparative effectiveness research using more pragmatic randomized controlled trials. CD Mullins D Whicher ES Reese S Tunis, Pharmacoeconomics 2010 28 969 76 10.2165/11536160-000000000-00000 20831305
    • (2010) Pharmacoeconomics , vol.28 , pp. 969-76
    • Mullins, C.D.1    Whicher, D.2    Reese, E.S.3    Tunis, S.4
  • 16
    • 33748805503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress and problems for randomized clinical trials: From streptomycin to the era of megatrials
    • DOI 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl152
    • Progress and problems for randomized clinical trials: from streptomycin to the era of megatrials. L Hilbrich P Sleight, Eur Heart J 2006 27 2158 64 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl152 16870690 (Pubitemid 44412828)
    • (2006) European Heart Journal , vol.27 , Issue.18 , pp. 2158-2164
    • Hilbrich, L.1    Sleight, P.2
  • 17
    • 33947617788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of treatment effects: Implications for guidelines, payment, and quality assessment
    • 17720359
    • Heterogeneity of treatment effects: implications for guidelines, payment, and quality assessment. S Greenfield R Kravitz N Duan SH Kaplan, Am J Med 2007 120 3 S9 17720359
    • (2007) Am J Med , vol.120
    • Greenfield, S.1    Kravitz, R.2    Duan, N.3    Kaplan, S.H.4
  • 18
    • 0035915317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choosing a first-line antidepressant: Equal on average does not mean equal for everyone
    • Choosing a first line antidepressant: equal on average does not mean equal for everyone. G Simon, JAMA 2001 286 3003 4 10.1001/jama.286.23.3003 11743843 (Pubitemid 33140366)
    • (2001) Journal of the American Medical Association , vol.286 , Issue.23 , pp. 3003-3004
    • Simon, G.1
  • 19
    • 0036085389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • If not evidence, then what? Or does medicine really need a base?
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2753.2002.00356.x
    • If not evidence, then what? Or does medicine really need a base? RE Upshur, J Eval Clin Pract 2002 8 113 9 10.1046/j.1365-2753.2002.00356.x 12180359 (Pubitemid 34685883)
    • (2002) Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 113-119
    • Upshur, R.E.G.1
  • 21
    • 36348939350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical in medicine: Reporting of subgroup analyses in clinical trials
    • 10.1056/NEJMsr077003. 18032770
    • Statistical in medicine: Reporting of subgroup analyses in clinical trials. R Wang SW Lagakos JH Ware DJ Hunter JM Drazen, N Engl J Med 2007 357 2189 94 10.1056/NEJMsr077003 18032770
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.357 , pp. 2189-94
    • Wang, R.1    Lagakos, S.W.2    Ware, J.H.3    Hunter, D.J.4    Drazen, J.M.5
  • 22
    • 79956339754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subgroup analysis in randomized controlled trials: Importance, indications, and interpretation
    • Subgroup analysis in randomized controlled trials: importance, indications, and interpretation. PM Rothwell, Lancet 2005 365 76 86
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 76-86
    • Rothwell, P.M.1
  • 23
    • 6044278144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the efficiency of targeted designs for randomized clinical trials
    • DOI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0496
    • Evaluating the efficiency of targeted designs for randomized clinical trials. R Simon A Maitournam, J Clin Oncol 2004 10 6759 63 (Pubitemid 39383023)
    • (2004) Clinical Cancer Research , vol.10 , Issue.20 , pp. 6759-6763
    • Simon, R.1    Maitournam, A.2
  • 24
    • 0013887727 scopus 로고
    • Heberden oration. Reflection on the controlled trial
    • 5326437
    • Heberden oration. Reflection on the controlled trial. AB Hill, Ann Rheum Dis 1966 25 107 13 5326437
    • (1966) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.25 , pp. 107-13
    • Hill, A.B.1
  • 25
    • 0003951399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical case reporting in evidence-based medicine
    • Clinical case reporting in evidence-based medicine. M Jenicek, Oxford Butterworth-Heinemann 1999 117
    • (1999) Oxford Butterworth-Heinemann , pp. 117
    • Jenicek, M.1
  • 26
    • 0035916288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In defense of case reports and case series
    • In defense of case reports and case series. JP Vandenbroucke, Ann Intern Med 2001 134 330 4 11182844 (Pubitemid 32163956)
    • (2001) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.134 , Issue.4 , pp. 330-334
    • Vandenbroucke, J.P.1
  • 27
    • 33845936109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anecdotes that provide definitive evidence
    • DOI 10.1136/bmj.39036.666389.94
    • Anecdotes that provide definitive evidence. JK Aronson M Hauben, BMJ 2006 333 1267 9 10.1136/bmj.39036.666389.94 17170419 (Pubitemid 46032359)
    • (2006) British Medical Journal , vol.333 , Issue.7581 , pp. 1267-1269
    • Aronson, J.K.1    Hauben, M.2
  • 28
    • 0031664378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction versus Popper: Substance versus semantics
    • DOI 10.1093/ije/27.4.543
    • Induction versus Popper. Substance versus semantics. S Greenland, Int J Epidemiol 1998 27 543 8 10.1093/ije/27.4.543 9758105 (Pubitemid 28431493)
    • (1998) International Journal of Epidemiology , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 543-548
    • Greenland, S.1
  • 29
    • 79956361581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary copyright 2011 by Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
    • Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary copyright 2011 by Merriam-Webster, Incorporated
  • 30
    • 85044911913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are RCTs the gold standard?
    • 10.1017/S1745855207005029
    • Are RCTs the gold standard? N Carwright, Biosocieties 2007 2 11 20 10.1017/S1745855207005029
    • (2007) Biosocieties , vol.2 , pp. 11-20
    • Carwright, N.1
  • 31
    • 77950476212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based medicine and philosophy of science
    • 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01401.x. 20367865
    • Evidence-based medicine and philosophy of science. RB Bluhm, J Eval Clin Pract 2010 16 363 4 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01401.x 20367865
    • (2010) J Eval Clin Pract , vol.16 , pp. 363-4
    • Bluhm, R.B.1
  • 32
    • 57649198083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harveian Oration. de testimonio: On the evidence for decisions about the use of therapeutic interventions
    • 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61930-3. 19101391
    • Harveian Oration. De testimonio: on the evidence for decisions about the use of therapeutic interventions. M Rawlins, Lancet 2008 372 2152 61 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61930-3 19101391
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 2152-61
    • Rawlins, M.1
  • 33
    • 77950483899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and subgroup analyses
    • 20371781
    • Evidence from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and subgroup analyses. JA Sacristan, JAMA 2010 303 1253 4 20371781
    • (2010) JAMA , vol.303 , pp. 1253-4
    • Sacristan, J.A.1
  • 34
    • 0022784673 scopus 로고
    • In defense of destructive criticism
    • In defense of destructive criticism. P Skrabanek, Perspect Biol Med 1986 30 9 26
    • (1986) Perspect Biol Med , vol.30 , pp. 9-26
    • Skrabanek, P.1
  • 35
    • 0035053088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflections on the limitations to epidemiology
    • 10.1016/S0895-4356(00)00334-6. 11297881
    • Reflections on the limitations to epidemiology. G Davey Smith, J Clin Epidemiol 2001 54 325 31 10.1016/S0895-4356(00)00334-6 11297881
    • (2001) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.54 , pp. 325-31
    • Davey Smith, G.1
  • 36
    • 58149194885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time to reform in the drug-development process
    • 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70297-3. 19054853
    • Time to reform in the drug-development process. J Fricker, Lancet Oncol 2008 9 1125 6 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70297-3 19054853
    • (2008) Lancet Oncol , vol.9 , pp. 1125-6
    • Fricker, J.1
  • 37
    • 0035405727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical case reports: Sources of boredom or valuable pieces of evidence?
    • Clinical case reports: sources of boredom or valuable pieces of evidence? M Jenicek, Nat J India 2001 14 193 4
    • (2001) Nat J India , vol.14 , pp. 193-4
    • Jenicek, M.1
  • 38
    • 0028209404 scopus 로고
    • Clinical Judgment revisited: The distraction of quantitative models
    • Clinical judgment revisited: the distraction of quantitative models. AR Feinstein, Ann Intern Med 1994 120 799 805 8147553 (Pubitemid 24125302)
    • (1994) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.120 , Issue.9 , pp. 799-805
    • Feinstein, A.R.1
  • 40
    • 77951075444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individualized medical decision making. Necessary, achievable, but not yet attainable
    • 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.8. 20308644
    • Individualized medical decision making. Necessary, achievable, but not yet attainable. L Fraenkel TR Fried, Arch Intern Med 2010 170 566 9 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.8 20308644
    • (2010) Arch Intern Med , vol.170 , pp. 566-9
    • Fraenkel, L.1    Fried, T.R.2
  • 41
    • 0033038765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual case studies in primary health care
    • 10.1093/fampra/16.1.1. 10321387
    • Individual case studies in primary health care. BC Charlton, Fam Pract 1999 16 1 2 10.1093/fampra/16.1.1 10321387
    • (1999) Fam Pract , vol.16 , pp. 1-2
    • Charlton, B.C.1
  • 43
    • 0034644397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Users' guides to the medical literature. XXV. Evidence-based medicine: Principles for applying the users' guides to patient care
    • 10.1001/jama.284.10.1290. 10979117
    • Users' guides to the medical literature. XXV. Evidence-based medicine: principles for applying the users' guides to patient care. GH Guyatt RB Haynes RZ Jaeschke DJ Cook L Green CD Naylor MC Wilson WS Richardson, JAMA 2000 284 1290 6 10.1001/jama.284.10.1290 10979117
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 1290-6
    • Guyatt, G.H.1    Haynes, R.B.2    Jaeschke, R.Z.3    Cook, D.J.4    Green, L.5    Naylor, C.D.6    Wilson, M.C.7    Richardson, W.S.8
  • 45
    • 79956347543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General treatments versus personalized treatments
    • General treatments versus personalized treatments. F Rodríguez- Artalejo V Ortn, Gest Clin Sanit 2003 5 87 8
    • (2003) Gest Clin Sanit , vol.5 , pp. 87-8
    • Rodríguez-Artalejo, F.1    Ortn, V.2
  • 46
    • 0033528687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Talking about treatment: The language of populations and the language of individuals
    • Talking about treatment: the language of populations and the language of individuals. JF Steiner, Ann Intern Med 1999 130 618 22 10189345 (Pubitemid 29169398)
    • (1999) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.130 , Issue.7 , pp. 618-622
    • Steiner, J.F.1
  • 47
    • 0033256192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicine-based evidence
    • Medicine-based evidence. JA Sacristn, Med Clin 1999 112 Suppl 1 9 11
    • (1999) Med Clin , vol.112 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 9-11
    • Sacristn, J.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.