Opioid analgesics and the risk of fractures in older adults with arthritis

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Volumn 59, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 430-438

  Miller, Matthew ^a   Stürmer, Til ^b   Azrael, Deborah ^a   Levin, Raisa ^c   Solomon, Daniel H ^c  

^a HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b IL   (United States)

^c BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Arthritis; Elderly; Fractures; Opioids

Indexed keywords

CODEINE; DEXTROPROPOXYPHENE; DICLOFENAC; ETODOLAC; FENTANYL; FLURBIPROFEN; HYDROCODONE; IBUPROFEN; INDOMETACIN; KETOROLAC; LONG ACTING DRUG; MELOXICAM; NAPROXEN; NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; OXYCODONE; PIROXICAM; SHORT ACTING DRUG; SULINDAC;

AGED; ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE CALCULATION; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG MEGADOSE; ELDERLY CARE; FEMALE; FRACTURE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HIP FRACTURE; HUMAN; HUMERUS FRACTURE; LOW DRUG DOSE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OSTEOARTHRITIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; TREATMENT DURATION; ULNA FRACTURE; WRIST FRACTURE;

AGED; ANALGESICS, OPIOID; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL; ARTHRITIS; FEMALE; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; MEDICARE; NEW JERSEY; PENNSYLVANIA; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 79952550277     PISSN: 00028614     EISSN: 15325415     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03318.x     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Olsen Y, Daumit GL, Ford DE. Opioid prescriptions by U.S. primary care physicians from 1992 to 2001. J Pain 2006;7:225-235.
2. Paulose-Ram R, Hirsch R, Dillon C et al. Prescription and non-prescription analgesic use among the US adult population: Results from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2003;12:315-326. (Pubitemid 36700608)
3. Solomon DH, Avorn J, Wang PS et al. Prescription opioid use among older adults with arthritis or low back pain. Arthritis Rheum 2006;55:35-41. (Pubitemid 43235125)
4. Kiplinger G, Sokol G, Rodda B. Effect of combined alcohol and propoxyphene on human performance. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1974;212:175-180.
5. Linnoila M, Hakkinen S. Effects of diazepam and codeine, alone and in combination with alcohol, on simulated driving. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1973; 15:368-373.
6. Linnoila M, Mattila M. Interaction of alcohol and drugs on psychomotor skills as demonstrated by a driving simulator. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1973;47:671-672.
7. Saarilho-Kere U, Julkunen H, Mattila M et al. Psychomotor performance of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Cross-over comparison of dextropropoxyphene plus amitriptyline, indomethacin, and placebo. Pharm Toxicol 1988;63:286-292.
8. Mercadante S, Ferrera P, Villari P et al. Opioid escalation in patients with cancer pain: The effect of age. J Pain Symptom Manage 2006;32:413-419. (Pubitemid 44755107)
9. Corsonello A, Pedone C, Incalzi RA. Age-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes and related risk of adverse drug reactions. Curr Med Chem 2010;17:571-584.
10. Caldwell JR, Rapoport RJ, Davis JC et al. Efficacy and safety of a once-daily morphine formulation in chronic, moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis pain: Results from a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial and an openlabel extension trial. J Pain Symptom Manage 2002;23:278-291. (Pubitemid 34462941)
11. Gana TJ, Pascual ML, Fleming RR et al. Extended-release tramadol in the treatment of osteoarthritis: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled clinical trial. Curr Med Res Opin 2006;22:1391-1401. (Pubitemid 44085591)
12. Kivitz A, Ma C, Ahdieh H et al. A 2-week, multicenter, randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging, phase III trial comparing the efficacy of oxymorphone extended release and placebo in adults with pain associated with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. Clin Ther 2006;28:352-364. (Pubitemid 43783436)
13. Malonne H, Coffiner M, Sonet B et al. Efficacy and tolerability of sustainedrelease tramadol in the treatment of symptomatic osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Ther 2004;26:1774-1782. (Pubitemid 40089490)
14. Lord SR, Clark RD, Webster IW. Physiological factors associated with falls in an elderly population. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991;39:1194-1200.
15. Herings RMC, Stricker BHC, De Boer A et al. Benzodiazepines and the risk of falling leading to femur fractures: Dosage more important than elimination half-life. Arch Intern Med 1995;155:1801-1807.
16. Donald IP, Bulpitt CJ. The prognosis of falls in elderly people living at home. Age Ageing 1999;28:121-125. (Pubitemid 29161215)
17. Grisso JA, Schwarz DF, Wolfson V et al. The impact of falls in an inner-city elderly African-American population. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992;40:673-678.
18. Bezon J, Echevarria KH, Smith GB. Nursing outcome indicator: Preventing falls for elderly people. Outcomes Manage Nurs Pract 1999;3:112-116; quiz 116-117.
19. Summary of the Updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society Clinical Practice Guideline for Prevention of Falls in Older Persons AGS Clinical Practice Guideline: Prevention of Falls in Older Persons [on-line]. Available at http://www.americangeriatrics.org/health-care-professionals/ clinical-practice/ clinical-guidelines-recommendations/2010/ Accessed January 27, 2010.
20. Ensrud KE, Blackwell TL, Mangione CM et al. Central nervous system-active medications and risk for falls in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50: 1629-1637. (Pubitemid 35192533)
21. Ensrud KE, Blackwell T, Mangione CM et al. Central nervous system active medications and risk for fractures in older women. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163:949-957.
22. Vestergaard P, Rejnmark L, Mosekilde L. Fracture risk associated with the use of morphine and opiates. J Intern Med 2006;260:76-87. (Pubitemid 43894073)
23. Guo Z, Wills P, Viitanen M et al. Cognitive impairment, drug use, and the risk of hip fracture in persons over 75 years old: A community-based prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 1998;148:887-892. (Pubitemid 28484108)
24. Kamal-Bahl SJ, Stuart BC, Beers MH. Propoxyphene use and risk for hip fractures in older adults. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother 2006;4:219-226. (Pubitemid 44591015)
25. Weiner DK, Hanlon JT, Studenski SA. Effects of central nervous system polypharmacy on falls liability in community-dwelling elderly. Gerontology 1998;44:217-221. (Pubitemid 28305943)
26. Ebly EM, Hogan DB, Fung TS. Potential adverse outcomes of psychotropic and narcotic drug use in Canadian seniors. J Clin Epidemiol 1997;50:857-863. (Pubitemid 27379798)
27. Kelly KD, Pickett W, Yiannakoulias N et al. Medication use and falls in community- dwelling older persons. Age Ageing 2003;32:503-509. (Pubitemid 37229043)
28. Shorr RI, Griffin MR, Daugherty JR et al. Opioid analgesics and the risk of hip fracture in the elderly: Codeine and propoxyphene. J Gerontol 1992;47: M111-M115.
29. Ray WA. Evaluating medication effects outside of clinical trials: New-user designs. Am J Epidemiol 2003;158:915-920. (Pubitemid 37323253)
30. Diseases: Tabular List: Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities. International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modifications, Volume 1. Ann Arbor, MI: Edwards Brothers, 1986.
31. McCloskey EV, Dunn JA, Kanis JA et al. Long-term follow-up of a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial of clodronate in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2001;113:1035-1043. (Pubitemid 32634773)
32. Ray WA, Griffin MR, Downey W. Benzodiazepines of long and short elimination half-life and the risk of hip fracture. JAMA 1989;262:3303-3307. (Pubitemid 20012552)
33. Cumming RG. Epidemiology of medication-related falls and fractures in the elderly. Drugs Aging 1998;12:43-53. (Pubitemid 28033679)
34. Cummings SR, Nevitt MC, Browner WS et al. Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. N Engl J Med 1995;332:767-773.
35. Fredericson M, Bergman AG, Hoffman KL et al. Tibial stress reaction in runners. Correlation of clinical symptoms and scintigraphy with a new magnetic resonance imaging grading system. Am J Sports Med 1995;23:472-481.
36. Grisso JA, Capezuti E, Schwartz A. Falls as risk factors for fractures. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, editors. Osteoporosis. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1996, pp 599-611.
37. LaCroix AZ, Wienpahl J, White LR. Thiazide diuretic agents and the incidence of hip fracture. N Engl J Med 1990;322:286-290. (Pubitemid 20046330)
38. O'Loughlin JL, Robitaille Y, Boivin JF et al. Incidence of and risk factors for falls and injurious falls among the community-dwelling elderly. Am J Epidemiol 1993;137:342-354. (Pubitemid 23090468)
39. Ray WA, Griffin MR, Malcolm E. Cyclic antidepressants and the risk of hip fracture. Arch Intern Med 1991;151:754-756.
40. Ray WA, Griffin MR, Schaffner Wet al. Psychotropic drug use and the risk of hip fracture. N Engl J Med 1987;316:363-369. (Pubitemid 17034260)
41. Shane E. Osteoporosis associated with illness and medications. In: Marcus R, Feldman D, Kelsey J, editors. Osteoporosis. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1996, pp 925-946.
42. Rothman KJ, Greenland S. Modern Epidemiology, 2nd Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott- Raven, 1998.
43. Parsons LS. Reducing bias in a propensity score matched-pair sample using greedy matching techniques. Paper presented at: Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual SAS Users Group International Conference; 2001; Cary, NC. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc, 2001.
44. McCarberg BH, Barkin RL. Long-acting opioids for chronic pain: Pharmacotherapeutic opportunities to enhance compliance, quality of life and analgesia. Am J Ther 2001;8:181-186. (Pubitemid 33753114)
45. Leveille SG, Jones RN, Kiely DK. Chronic musculoskeletal pain and the occurrence of falls in an older population. JAMA 2009;302:2214-2221.
46. Nicholson B. Benefits of extended-release opioid analgesic formulations in the treatment of chronic pain. Pain Pract 2009;9:71-81.
47. Leipzig RM, Cumming RG, Tinetti ME. Drugs and falls in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis: II. Cardiac and analgesic drugs. J Am Geriatr Soc 1999;47:40-50. (Pubitemid 29044265)
48. Stuermer T, Schneeweiss S, Brookhart MA et al. Analytic strategies to adjust confounding using exposure propensity scores and disease risk scores: Non-steroidal antiiflammatory drugs and short-term mortality in the elderly. Am J Epidemiol 2005;161:891-898. (Pubitemid 40577844)
49. Eriksson S, Gustafson Y, Lundin-Olsson L. Risk factors for falls in people with and without a diagnose of dementia living in residential care facilities: A prospective study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2008;46:293-306. (Pubitemid 351446131)
50. Kallin K, Gustafson Y, Sandman PO et al. Drugs and falls in older people in geriatric care settings. Aging Clin Exp Res 2004;16:270-276. (Pubitemid 39496918)
51. Liu B, Anderson G, Mittmann N et al. Use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors of tricyclic antidepressants and risk of hip fractures in elderly people. Lancet 1998;351:1303-1307. (Pubitemid 28195906)
52. Takkouche B, Montes-Martinez A, Gill SS et al. Psychotropic medications and the risk of fracture: A meta-analysis. Drug Saf 2007;30:171-184. (Pubitemid 46193066)
53. Yang YX, Lewis JD, Epstein S et al. Long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy and risk of hip fracture. JAMA 2006;296:2947-2953. (Pubitemid 46021498)
54. Richards JB, Papaioannou A, Adachi JD et al. Effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the risk of fracture. Arch Intern Med 2007;167:188-194. (Pubitemid 46148067)
55. Mandema JW, Kaiko RF, Oshlack B et al. Characterization and validation of a pharmacokinetic model for controlled-release oxycodone. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1996;42:747-756. (Pubitemid 26417617)
56. Sunshine A, Olson NZ, Colon A et al. Analgesic efficacy of controlled-release oxycodone in postoperative pain. J Clin Pharmacol 1996;36:595-603. (Pubitemid 26260539)
57. Beaulieu AD, Peloso P, Bensen W et al. A randomized, double-blind, 8-week crossover study of once-daily controlled-release tramadol versus immediate-release tramadol taken as needed for chronic noncancer pain. Clin Ther 2007;29:49-60. (Pubitemid 46414025)
58. Pharmacological management of persistent pain in older adults. AGS Clinical Practice Guideline: Pharmacological Management of Persistent Pain in Older Persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 2009;57:1331-1346.