From point defects in graphene to two-dimensional amorphous carbon

Physical Review Letters

Volumn 106, Issue 10, 2011, Pages

  Kotakoski, J ^a   Krasheninnikov, A V ^a,b   Kaiser, U ^c   Meyer, J C ^c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b AALTO UNIVERSITY   (Finland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ULM   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BAND GAPS; BONDING BEHAVIOR; CARBON MEMBRANE; CARBON RINGS; ELECTRONIC DEVICE; FIRST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; LOW ENERGIES; NUCLEATION AND GROWTH; STEP-BY-STEP; TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS;

CALCULATIONS; DEFECTS; ELECTRON IRRADIATION; GRAPHENE; POINT DEFECTS; TWO DIMENSIONAL;

AMORPHOUS CARBON;

EID: 79952515416     PISSN: 00319007     EISSN: 10797114     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.105505     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. K.S. Novoselov, A.K. Geim, S.V. Morozov, D. Jiang, Y. Zhang, S.V. Dubonos, I.V. Grigorieva, and A.A. Firsov, Science 306, 666 (2004). SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1102896 (Pubitemid 39440910)
2. K.S. Novoselov, D. Jiang, F. Shedin, T.J. Booth, V.V. Khotkevich, S.V. Morozov, and A.K. Geim, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102, 10451 (2005). PNASA6 0027-8424 10.1073/pnas.0502848102 (Pubitemid 41061574)
3. S. Iijima, Nature (London) NATUAS 0028-0836 354, 56 (1991). 10.1038/354056a0
4. H.W. Kroto, Nature (London) NATUAS 0028-0836 329, 529 (1987). 10.1038/329529a0
5. S. Iijima, M. Yudasaka, R. Yamada, S. Bandow, K. Suenaga, F. Kokai, and K. Takahashi, Chem. Phys. Lett. 309, 165 (1999). CHPLBC 0009-2614 10.1016/S0009-2614(99)00642-9
6. T.G. Schmalz, W.A. Seitz, D.J. Klein, and G.E. Hite, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110, 1113 (1988). JACSAT 0002-7863 10.1021/ja00212a020
7. H. Terrones and A.L. Mackay, Carbon 30, 1251 (1992). CRBNAH 0008-6223 10.1016/0008-6223(92)90066-6 (Pubitemid 23599821)
8. A. Hashimoto, K. Suenaga, A. Gloter, K. Urita, and S. Iijima, Nature (London) 430, 870 (2004). NATUAS 0028-0836 10.1038/nature02817 (Pubitemid 39119210)
9. J.C. Meyer, C. Kisielowski, R. Erni, M.D. Rossell, M.F. Crommie, and A. Zettl, Nano Lett. 8, 3582 (2008). NALEFD 1530-6984 10.1021/nl801386m
10. M.H. Gass, U. Bangert, A.L. Bleloch, P. Wang, R.R. Nair, and A.K. Geim, Nature Nanotech. 1748-3387 3, 676 (2008). 10.1038/nnano.2008.280
11. C.O. Girit, Science 323, 1705 (2009). SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1166999
12. J.H. Warner, M.H. Rummeli, L. Ge, T. Gemming, B. Montanari, N.M. Harrison, B. Buchner, and G.A.D. Briggs, Nature Nanotech. 1748-3387 4, 500 (2009). 10.1038/nnano.2009.194
13. A.H. Castro Neto, F. Guinea, N.M.R. Peres, K.S. Novoselov, and A.K. Geim, Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 109 (2009). RMPHAT 0034-6861 10.1103/RevModPhys.81.109
14. J. Lahiri, Y. Lin, P. Bozkurt, I.I. Oleynik, and M. Batzill, Nature Nanotech. 1748-3387 5, 326 (2010). 10.1038/nnano.2010.53
15. O.V. Yazyev and S.G. Louie, Nature Mater. NMAACR 1476-1122 9, 806 (2010). 10.1038/nmat2830
16. L. Sun, F. Banhart, A.V. Krasheninnikov, J.A. Rodríguez-Manzo, M. Terrones, and P.M. Ajayan, Science 312, 1199 (2006). SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1124594 (Pubitemid 43801142)
17. L. Sun, A.V. Krasheninnikov, T. Ahlgren, K. Nordlund, and F. Banhart, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 156101 (2008). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101. 156101
18. H. Terrones, M. Terrones, E. Hernández, N. Grobert, J.-C. Charlier, and P.M. Ajayan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 1716 (2000). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.1716
19. B.W. Jeong, J. Ihm, and G.-D. Lee, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 1098-0121 78, 165403 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.165403
20. Y.-M. Legrand, A.v.d. Lee, and M. Barboiu, Science 329, 299 (2010). SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1188002
21. J.C. Meyer, C.O. Girit, M.F. Crommie, and A. Zettl, Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 123110 (2008). APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.2901147 (Pubitemid 351451677)
22. G. Kresse and J. Furthmüller, Comput. Mater. Sci. CMMSEM 0927-0256 6, 15 (1996). 10.1016/0927-0256(96)00008-0 (Pubitemid 126412269)
23. G. Kresse and J. Furthmüller, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 0163-1829 54, 11169 (1996). 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11169
24. P.E. Blöchl, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 0163-1829 50, 17953 (1994). 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.17953
25. J.P. Perdew, K. Burke, and M. Ernzerhof, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865
26. H.J. Monkhorst and J.D. Pack, Phys. Rev. B PLRBAQ 0556-2805 13, 5188 (1976). 10.1103/PhysRevB.13.5188
27. G. Henkelman, B.P. Uberuaga, and H. Jónsson, J. Chem. Phys. 113, 9901 (2000). JCPSA6 0021-9606 10.1063/1.1329672 (Pubitemid 32076883)
28. F. Banhart, Rep. Prog. Phys. 62, 1181 (1999). RPPHAG 0034-4885 10.1088/0034-4885/62/8/201
29. B.W. Smith and D.E. Luzzi, J. Appl. Phys. 90, 3509 (2001). JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1383020
30. C.P. Ewels, M.I. Heggie, and P.R. Briddon, Chem. Phys. Lett. 351, 178 (2002). CHPLBC 0009-2614 10.1016/S0009-2614(01)01371-9
31. L. Li, S. Reich, and J. Robertson, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 1098-0121 72, 184109 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.184109 (Pubitemid 43021956)
32. A.J. Stone and D.J. Wales, Chem. Phys. Lett. 128, 501 (1986). CHPLBC 0009-2614 10.1016/0009-2614(86)80661-3
33. See supplemental material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/ PhysRevLett.106.105505.
34. W. Orellana, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 1098-0121 80, 075421 (2009). 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.075421
35. D.J. Appelhans, Z. Lin, and M.T. Lusk, Phys. Rev. B PRBMDO 1098-0121 82, 073410 (2010). 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.073410
36. Y.-Z. Tan, S.-Y. Xie, R.-B. Huang, and L.-S. Zheng, Nature Chem. 1755-4330 1, 450 (2009). 10.1038/nchem.329