Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in adults with childhood lead exposure

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 119, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 403-408

  Cecil, Kim M ^a,b   Dietrich, Kim N ^a,b   Altaye, Mekibib ^b   Egelhoff, John C ^b   Lindquist, Diana M ^b   Brubaker, Christopher J ^c   Lanphear, Bruce P ^a,d  

^a CINCINNATI CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Basal ganglia; Brain; Cerebellum; Frontal lobe; Gray matter; Lead exposure; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; White matter

Indexed keywords

CHOLINE; CREATINE; CREATINE PHOSPHATE; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLUTAMINE; INOSITOL; LEAD; MYELIN; N ACETYLASPARTIC ACID;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BASAL GANGLION; CEREBELLUM; CEREBELLUM VERMIS; CHILDHOOD; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FRONTAL LOBE; HUMAN; LEAD BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROTOXICITY; PARIETAL LOBE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; UNITED STATES; WHITE MATTER;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BRAIN; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; LEAD; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MALE; PROTONS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79952349413     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002176     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. al Khayat A, Menon NS, Alidina MR. 1997. Acute lead encephalopathy in early infancy-clinical presentation and outcome. Ann Trop Paediatr 17:39-44.
2. Atre AL, Shinde PR, Shinde SN, Wadia RS, Nanivadekar AA, Vaid SJ, et al. 2006. Pre- and posttreatment MR imaging findings in lead encephalopathy. Am J Neuroradiol 27:902-903.
3. Bellinger D, Hu H, Titlebaum L, Needleman HL. 1994. Attentional correlates of dentin and bone lead levels in adolescents. Arch Environ Health 49:98-105.
4. Bellinger DC, Stiles KM, Needleman HL. 1992. Low-level lead exposure, intelligence and academic achievement: a long-term follow-up study. Pediatrics 90:855-861.
5. Bhattacharya A, Shukla R, Bornschein RL, Dietrich KN, Keith R. 1990. Lead effects on postural balance of children. Environ Health Perspect 89:35-42.
6. Bhattacharya A, Shukla R, Dietrich KN, Bornschein RL. 2006. Effect of early lead exposure on the maturation of children's postural balance: a longitudinal study. Neurotoxicol Teratol 28:376-385.
7. Bhattacharya A, Shukla R, Dietrich KN, Miller J, Bagchee A, Bornschein RL, et al. 1993. Functional implications of postural disequilibrium due to lead exposure. Neurotoxicology 14:179-189.
8. Bressler JP, Goldstein GW. 1991. Mechanisms of lead neurotoxicity. Biochem Pharmacol 41:479-484.
9. Brown LM, Kim D, Yomai A, Meyer PA, Noonan GP, Huff D, et al. 2005. Blood lead levels and risk factors for lead poisoning in children and caregivers in Chuuk State, Micronesia. Int J Hyg Environ Health 208:231-236.
10. Brubaker CJ, Dietrich KN, Lanphear BP, Cecil KM. 2010. The influence of age of lead exposure on adult gray matter volume. Neurotoxicology 31:259-266.
11. Brubaker CJ, Schmithorst VJ, Haynes EN, Dietrich KN, Egelhoff JC, Lindquist DM, et al. 2009. Altered myelination and axonal integrity in adults with childhood lead exposure: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Neurotoxicology 30:867-875.
12. Bryant SD. 2004. Lead-contaminated drinking waters in the public schools of Philadelphia. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 42:287-294.
13. Canfield RL, Gendle MH, Cory-Slechta DA. 2004. Impaired neuropsychological functioning in lead-exposed children. Dev Neuropsychol 26:513-540.
14. Canfield RL, Henderson CR Jr, Cory-Slechta DA, Cox C, Jusko TA, Lanphear BP. 2003a. Intellectual impairment in children with blood lead concentrations below 10 microg per deciliter. N Engl J Med 348:1517-1526.
15. Canfield RL, Kreher DA, Cornwell C, Henderson CR Jr. 2003b. Low-level lead exposure, executive functioning, and learning in early childhood. Child Neuropsychol 9:35-53.
16. Cecil KM, Brubaker CJ, Adler CM, Dietrich KN, Altaye M, Egelhoff JC, et al. 2008. Decreased brain volume in adults with childhood lead exposure. PLoS Med 5:e112; doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050112 [Online 27 May 2008].
17. Cecil KM, Jones BV. 2001. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the pediatric brain. Top Magn Reson Imaging 12:435-452.
18. Chandramouli K, Steer CD, Ellis M, Emond AM. 2009. Effects of early childhood lead exposure on academic performance and behaviour of school age children. Arch Dis Child 94(11):844-848.
19. Clark CS, Rampal KG, Thuppil V, Roda SM, Succop P, Menrath W, et al. 2009. Lead levels in new enamel household paints from Asia, Africa and South America. Environ Res 109:930-936.
20. Coscia JM, Ris MD, Succop PA, Dietrich KN. 2003. Cognitive development of lead exposed children from ages 6 to 15 years: an application of growth curve analysis. Child Neuropsychol 9:10-21.
21. Dabrowska-Bouta B, Struzynska L, Walski M, Rafalowska U. 2008. Myelin glycoproteins targeted by lead in the rodent model of prolonged exposure. Food Chem Toxicol 46:961-966.
22. Dabrowska-Bouta B, Sulkowski G, Bartosz G, Walski M, Rafalowska U. 1999. Chronic lead intoxication affects the myelin membrane status in the central nervous system of adult rats. J Mol Neurosci 13:127-139.
23. Deng W, Poretz RD. 2001. Lead exposure affects levels of galactolipid metabolic enzymes in the developing rat brain. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 172:98-107.
24. Dietrich KN, Berger OG, Succop PA. 1993a. Lead exposure and the motor developmental status of urban six-year-old children in the Cincinnati Prospective Study. Pediatrics 91:301-307.
25. Dietrich KN, Berger OG, Succop PA, Hammond PB, Bornschein RL. 1993b. The developmental consequences of low to moderate prenatal and postnatal lead exposure: intellectual attainment in the Cincinnati Lead Study Cohort following school entry. Neurotoxicol Teratol 15:37-44.
26. Dietrich KN, Krafft KM, Bornschein RL, Hammond PB, Berger O, Succop PA, et al. 1987a. Low-level fetal lead exposure effect on neurobehavioral development in early infancy. Pediatrics 80:721-730.
27. Dietrich KN, Krafft KM, Pearson DT, Bornschein RL, Hammond PB, Succop PA. 1985a. Postnatal lead exposure and early sensorimotor development. Environ Res 38:130-136.
28. Dietrich KN, Krafft KM, Pearson DT, Harris LC, Bornschein RL, Hammond PB, et al. 1985b. Contribution of social and developmental factors to lead exposure during the first year of life. Pediatrics 75:1114-1119.
29. Dietrich KN, Krafft KM, Shukla R, Bornschein RL, Succop PA. 1987b. The neurobehavioral effects of early lead exposure. Monogr Am Assoc Ment Defic (8):71-95.
30. Dietrich KN, Ris MD, Succop PA, Berger OG, Bornschein RL. 2001. Early exposure to lead and juvenile delinquency. Neurotoxicol Teratol 23:511-518.
31. Dietrich KN, Succop PA, Berger OG, Hammond PB, Bornschein RL. 1991. Lead exposure and the cognitive development of urban preschool children: the Cincinnati Lead Study cohort at age 4 years. Neurotoxicol Teratol 13:203-211.
32. Dietrich KN, Succop PA, Bornschein RL, Krafft KM, Berger O, Hammond PB, et al. 1990. Lead exposure and neurobehavioral development in later infancy. Environ Health Perspect 89:13-19.
33. Dixon SL, Gaitens JM, Jacobs DE, Strauss W, Nagaraja J, Pivetz T, et al. 2009. Exposure of U.S. children to residential dust lead, 1999-2004: II. The contribution of lead-contaminated dust to children's blood lead levels. Environ Health Perspect 117:468-474.
34. Edwards M, Triantafyllidou S, Best D. 2009. Elevated blood lead in young children due to lead-contaminated drinking water: Washington, DC, 2001-2004. Environ Sci Technol 43:1618-1623.
35. Finkelstein Y, Markowitz ME, Rosen JF. 1998. Low-level lead-induced neurotoxicity in children: an update on central nervous system effects. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 27:168-176.
36. Gaitens JM, Dixon SL, Jacobs DE, Nagaraja J, Strauss W, Wilson JW, et al. 2009. Exposure of U.S. children to residential dust lead, 1999-2004: I. Housing and demographic factors. Environ Health Perspect 117:461-467.
37. Gould E. 2009. Childhood lead poisoning: conservative estimates of the social and economic benefits of lead hazard control. Environ Health Perspect 117:1162-1167.
38. Graber LK, Asher D, Anandaraja N, Bopp RF, Merrill K, Cullen MR, et al. 2010. Childhood lead exposure after the phaseout of leaded gasoline: an ecological study of school-age children in Kampala, Uganda. Environ Health Perspect 118:884-889.
39. Haefliger P, Mathieu-Nolf M, Lociciro S, Ndiaye C, Coly M, Diouf A, et al. 2009. Mass lead intoxication from informal used lead-acid battery recycling in Dakar, Senegal. Environ Health Perspect 117:1535-1540.
40. Hozhabri S, White F, Rahbar MH, Agboatwalla M, Luby S. 2004. Elevated blood lead levels among children living in a fishing community, Karachi, Pakistan. Arch Environ Health 59:37-41.
41. Jacobs DE, Clickner RP, Zhou JY, Viet SM, Marker DA, Rogers JW, et al. 2002. The prevalence of lead-based paint hazards in U.S. housing. Environ Health Perspect 110:A599-A606.
42. Kaiser R, Henderson AK, Daley WR, Naughton M, Khan MH, Rahman M, et al. 2001. Blood lead levels of primary school children in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Environ Health Perspect 109:563-566.
43. Karri SK, Saper RB, Kales SN. 2008. Lead encephalopathy due to traditional medicines. Curr Drug Saf 3:54-59.
44. Kemp FW, Neti PV, Howell RW, Wenger P, Louria DB, Bogden JD. 2007. Elevated blood lead concentrations and vitamin D deficiency in winter and summer in young urban children. Environ Health Perspect 115:630-635.
45. Lanphear BP, Hornung R, Khoury J, Yolton K, Baghurst P, Bellinger DC, et al. 2005. Low-level environmental lead exposure and children's intellectual function: an international pooled analysis. Environ Health Perspect 113:894-899.
46. Lidsky TI, Schneider JS. 2003. Lead neurotoxicity in children: basic mechanisms and clinical correlates. Brain 126:5-19.
47. Lin CG, Schaider LA, Brabander DJ, Woolf AD. 2010. Pediatric lead exposure from imported Indian spices and cultural powders. Pediatrics 125:e828-e835.
48. Mani J, Chaudhary N, Kanjalkar M, Shah PU. 1998. Cerebellar ataxia due to lead encephalopathy in an adult. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 65:797.
49. Mayan ON, Henriques AT, Calheiros JM. 2001. Childhood lead exposure in Oporto, Portugal. Int J Occup Environ Health 7:209-216.
50. Meng XM, Zhu DM, Ruan DY, She JQ, Luo L. 2005. Effects of chronic lead exposure on 1H MRS of hippocampus and frontal lobes in children. Neurology 64:1644-1647.
51. Meyer PA, Brown MJ, Falk H. 2008. Global approach to reducing lead exposure and poisoning. Mutat Res 659:166-175.
52. Meyer PA, Staley F, Staley P, Curtis J, Blanton C, Brown MJ. 2005. Improving strategies to prevent childhood lead poisoning using local data. Int J Hyg Environ Health 208:15-20.
53. Needleman HL, Gatsonis CA. 1990. Low-level lead exposure and the IQ of children. A meta-analysis of modern studies. JAMA 263:673-678.
54. Needleman HL, McFarland C, Ness RB, Fienberg SE, Tobin MJ. 2002. Bone lead levels in adjudicated delinquents. A case control study. Neurotoxicol Teratol 24:711-717.
55. Needleman HL, Riess JA, Tobin MJ, Biesecker GE, Greenhouse JB. 1996. Bone lead levels and delinquent behavior. JAMA 275:363-369.
56. Nichani V, Li WI, Smith MA, Noonan G, Kulkarni M, Kodavor M, et al. 2006. Blood lead levels in children after phase-out of leaded gasoline in Bombay, India. Sci Total Environ 363:95-106.
57. Nigg JT, Nikolas M, Mark Knottnerus G, Cavanagh K, Friderici K. 2010. Confirmation and extension of association of blood lead with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptom domains at population-typical exposure levels. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 51:58-65.
58. Olivero-Verbel J, Duarte D, Echenique M, Guette J, Johnson-Restrepo B, Parsons PJ. 2007. Blood lead levels in children aged 5-9 years living in Cartagena, Colombia. Sci Total Environ 372:707-716.
59. Provencher SW. 1993. Estimation of metabolite concentrations from localized in vivo proton NMR spectra. Magn Reson Med 30:672-679.
60. Ris MD, Dietrich KN, Succop PA, Berger OG, Bornschein RL. 2004. Early exposure to lead and neuropsychological outcome in adolescence. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 10:261-270.
61. Rubin CH, Esteban E, Reissman DB, Daley WR, Noonan GP, Karpati A, et al. 2002. Lead poisoning among young children in Russia: concurrent evaluation of childhood lead exposure in Ekaterinburg, Krasnouralsk, and Volgograd. Environ Health Perspect 110:559-562.
62. Safi J, Fischbein A, El Haj S, Sansour R, Jaghabir M, Hashish MA, et al. 2006. Childhood lead exposure in the palestinian authority, Israel, and Jordan: results from the Middle Eastern regional cooperation project, 1996-2000. Environ Health Perspect 114:917-922.
63. Sathyanarayana S, Beaudet N, Omri K, Karr C. 2006. Predicting children's blood lead levels from exposure to school drinking water in Seattle, Washington, USA. Ambul Pediatr 6:288-292.
64. Selvin-Testa A, Loidl CF, Lopez-Costa JJ, Lopez EM, Pecci-Saavedra J. 1994. Chronic lead exposure induces astrogliosis in hippocampus and cerebellum. Neurotoxicology 15:389-401.
65. Stork C, Renshaw PF. 2005. Mitochondrial dysfunction in bipolar disorder: evidence from magnetic resonance spectroscopy research. Mol Psychiatry 10: 900-919.
66. Struzynska L, Bubko I, Walski M, Rafalowska U. 2001. Astroglial reaction during the early phase of acute lead toxicity in the adult rat brain. Toxicology 165:121-131.
67. Struzynska L, Dabrowska-Bouta B, Koza K, Sulkowski G. 2007. Inflammation-like glial response in lead-exposed immature rat brain. Toxicol Sci 95:156-162.
68. Toews AD, Blaker WD, Thomas DJ, Gaynor JJ, Krigman MR, Mushak P, et al. 1983. Myelin deficits produced by early postnatal exposure to inorganic lead or triethyltin are persistent. J Neurochem 41:816-822.
69. Toews AD, Krigman MR, Thomas DJ, Morell P. 1980. Effect of inorganic lead exposure on myelination in the rat. Neurochem Res 5:605-616.
70. Toscano CD, Guilarte TR. 2005. Lead neurotoxicity: from exposure to molecular effects. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 49:529-554.
71. Trope I, Lopez-Villegas D, Cecil KM, Lenkinski RE. 2001. Exposure to lead appears to selectively alter metabolism of cortical gray matter. Pediatrics 107:1437-1442.
72. Trope I, Lopez-Villegas D, Lenkinski RE. 1998. Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of regional brain structure in a 10-year-old boy with elevated blood lead levels. Pediatrics 101:e7.
73. Tuzun M, Tuzun D, Salan A, Hekimoglu B. 2002. Lead encephalopathy: CT and MR findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 26:479-481.
74. van der Voorn JP, Pouwels PJ, Hart AA, Serrarens J, Willemsen MA, Kremer HP, et al. 2006. Childhood white matter disorders: quantitative MR imaging and spectroscopy. Radiology 241:510-517.
75. Wasserman GA, Staghezza-Jaramillo B, Shrout P, Popovac D, Graziano J. 1998. The effect of lead exposure on behavior problems in preschool children. Am J Public Health 88:481-486.
76. White LD, Cory-Slechta DA, Gilbert ME, Tiffany-Castiglioni E, Zawia NH, Virgolini M, et al. 2007. New and evolving concepts in the neurotoxicology of lead. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 225:1-27.
77. Wright JP, Dietrich KN, Ris MD, Hornung RW, Wessel SD, Lanphear BP, et al. 2008. Association of prenatal and childhood blood lead concentrations with criminal arrests in early adulthood. PLoS Med 5:e101; doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050101 [accessed 27 May 2008].
78. Zawia NH, Harry GJ. 1995. Exposure to lead-acetate modulates the developmental expression of myelin genes in the rat frontal lobe. Int J Dev Neurosci 13:639-644.
79. Zhang SM, Dai YH, Xie XH, Fan ZY, Tan ZW, Zhang YF. 2009. Surveillance of childhood blood lead levels in 14 cities of China in 2004-2006. Biomed Environ Sci 22:288-296.