Circulating predictive biomarkers in preeclampsia

Pregnancy Hypertension

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 28-42

  Staff, Anne Cathrine ^a,b  

^a ULLEVÅL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Biobank; Biomarker; Preeclampsia; Pregnancy

Indexed keywords

ACTIVIN A; ALPHA FETOPROTEIN; ANGIOGENIC FACTOR; ANGIOPOIETIN 1; ANGIOPOIETIN 2; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN; CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR; DNA; ENDOGLIN; INHIBIN A; N(G),N(G) DIMETHYLARGININE; PLACENTAL PROTEIN 13; PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR; PREGNANCY ASSOCIATED PLASMA PROTEIN A; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VASCULOTROPIN; VASCULOTROPIN RECEPTOR 1;

DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DNA DETERMINATION; ERYTHROBLAST; FETOPLACENTAL UNIT; FOLLOW UP; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; MEDLINE; PATIENT SELECTION; PREDICTION; PREECLAMPSIA; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; REVIEW; SCREENING TEST; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

EID: 78751559995     PISSN: 22107789     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2010.10.012     Document Type: Review

References (167)

1. L. Duley Pre-eclampsia and the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy Br Med Bull 67 2003 161 176
2. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG practice bulletin. Diagnosis and management of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Number 33, January 2002 Int J Gynaecol Obstet 77 1 2002 67 75
3. C.W. Redman, G.P. Sacks, and I.L. Sargent Preeclampsia: an excessive maternal inflammatory response to pregnancy Am J Obstet Gynecol 180 2 Pt 1 1999 499 506
4. C.W. Redman, and I.L. Sargent Latest advances in understanding preeclampsia Science 308 5728 2005 1592 1594
5. J.M. Roberts, and C.W.G. Redman Preeclampsia - more than pregnancy-induced hypertension Lancet 341 8858 1993 1447 1451
6. G.J. Burton, A.W. Woods, E. Jauniaux, and J.C. Kingdom Rheological and physiological consequences of conversion of the maternal spiral arteries for uteroplacental blood flow during human pregnancy Placenta 30 6 2009 473 482
7. Biomarker. < www.wikipedia.com > [Ref Type: Internet Communication, 07.11.2009].
8. K. Duckitt, and D. Harrington Risk factors for pre-eclampsia at antenatal booking: systematic review of controlled studies BMJ 330 7491 2005 565
9. J.S. Cnossen, R.G. Ter, B.W. Mol, J.A. van der Post, M.M. Leeflang, and C.A. Meads Are tests for predicting pre-eclampsia good enough to make screening viable? A review of reviews and critical appraisal Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 88 7 2009 758 765
10. D.G. Altman Practical statistics for medical research 1991 Chapman & Hall London
11. L.S. Laursen, M.T. Overgaard, R. Soe, H.B. Boldt, L. Sottrup-Jensen, and L.C. Giudice Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) cleaves insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-5 independent of IGF: implications for the mechanism of IGFBP-4 proteolysis by PAPP-A FEBS Lett 504 1-2 2001 36 40
12. L.C. Giudice, C.A. Conover, L. Bale, G.H. Faessen, K. Ilg, and I. Sun Identification and regulation of the IGFBP-4 protease and its physiological inhibitor in human trophoblasts and endometrial stroma: evidence for paracrine regulation of IGF-II bioavailability in the placental bed during human implantation J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87 5 2002 2359 2366
13. T.M. Lin, S.P. Halbert, W.N. Spellacy, and B.H. Berne Plasma concentrations of four pregnancy proteins in complications of pregnancy Am J Obstet Gynecol 128 7 1977 808 810
14. K. Toop, and A. Klopper Concentration of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in patients with pre-eclamptic toxaemia Placenta Suppl 3 1981 167 173
15. G. Hughes, P. Bischof, G. Wilson, and A. Klopper Assay of a placental protein to determine fetal risk Br Med J 280 6215 1980 671 673
16. N.A. Bersinger, A.K. Smarason, S. Muttukrishna, N.P. Groome, and C.W. Redman Women with preeclampsia have increased serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), inhibin A, activin A and soluble E-selectin Hypertens Pregnancy 22 1 2003 45 55
17. Y. Yaron, S. Heifetz, Y. Ochshorn, O. Lehavi, and A. Orr-Urtreger Decreased first trimester PAPP-A is a predictor of adverse pregnancy outcome Prenat Diagn 22 9 2002 778 782
18. C.Y. Ong, A.W. Liao, K. Spencer, S. Munim, and K.H. Nicolaides First trimester maternal serum free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin and pregnancy associated plasma protein A as predictors of pregnancy complications BJOG 107 10 2000 1265 1270
19. G.C. Smith, E.J. Stenhouse, J.A. Crossley, D.A. Aitken, A.D. Cameron, and J.M. Connor Early pregnancy levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and the risk of intrauterine growth restriction, premature birth, preeclampsia, and stillbirth J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87 4 2002 1762 1767
20. N.A. Bersinger, and R.A. Odegard Second- and third-trimester serum levels of placental proteins in preeclampsia and small-for-gestational age pregnancies Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 83 1 2004 37 45
21. K. Spencer, C.K. Yu, N.J. Cowans, C. Otigbah, and K.H. Nicolaides Prediction of pregnancy complications by first-trimester maternal serum PAPP-A and free beta-hCG and with second-trimester uterine artery Doppler Prenat Diagn 25 10 2005 949 953
22. K. Spencer, N.J. Cowans, and K.H. Nicolaides Low levels of maternal serum PAPP-A in the first trimester and the risk of pre-eclampsia Prenat Diagn 28 1 2008 7 10
23. L. Dugoff, J.C. Hobbins, F.D. Malone, T.F. Porter, D. Luthy, and C.H. Comstock First-trimester maternal serum PAPP-A and free-beta subunit human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations and nuchal translucency are associated with obstetric complications: a population-based screening study (the FASTER Trial) Am J Obstet Gynecol 191 4 2004 1446 1451
24. A. Pilalis, A.P. Souka, P. Antsaklis, G. Daskalakis, N. Papantoniou, and S. Mesogitis Screening for pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction by uterine artery Doppler and PAPP-A at 11-14 weeks' gestation Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 29 2 2007 135 140
25. L.C. Poon, N. Maiz, C. Valencia, W. Plasencia, and K.H. Nicolaides First-trimester maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and pre-eclampsia Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 33 1 2009 23 33
26. K. Spencer, N.J. Cowans, I. Chefetz, J. Tal, and H. Meiri First-trimester maternal serum PP-13, PAPP-A and second-trimester uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index as markers of pre-eclampsia Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 29 2 2007 128 134
27. L.C. Poon, N.A. Kametas, N. Maiz, R. Akolekar, and K.H. Nicolaides First-trimester prediction of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy Hypertension 53 5 2009 812 818
28. C.A. Spencer, V.M. Allen, G. Flowerdew, K. Dooley, and L. Dodds Low levels of maternal serum PAPP-A in early pregnancy and the risk of adverse outcomes Prenat Diagn 28 11 2008 1029 1036
29. R. D'Anna, G. Baviera, D. Giordano, S. Russo, N. Dugo, and A. Santamaria First trimester serum PAPP-A and NGAL in the prediction of late-onset pre-eclampsia Prenat Diagn 2009
30. S. Canini, F. Prefumo, D. Pastorino, L. Crocetti, C.G. Afflitto, and P.L. Venturini Association between birth weight and first-trimester free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A Fertil Steril 89 1 2008 174 178
31. F. Petraglia, J. Vaughan, and W. Vale Inhibin and activin modulate the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin, and progesterone from cultured human placental cells Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86 13 1989 5114 5117
32. A.H. Bandivdekar, A.M. Varadkar, and A.R. Sheth Endocrine control of inhibin biosynthesis by human placenta Biol Res Pregnancy Perinatol 6 3 1985 128 132
33. M.U. Baumann, N.A. Bersinger, and D.V. Surbek Serum markers for predicting pre-eclampsia Mol Aspects Med 28 2 2007 227 244
34. J. Yu, L.E. Shao, N.L. Frigon Jr., J. Lofgren, and R. Schwall Induced expression of the new cytokine, activin A, in human monocytes: inhibition by glucocorticoids and retinoic acid Immunology 88 3 1996 368 374
35. S. Muttukrishna, P.G. Knight, N.P. Groome, C.W. Redman, and W.L. Ledger Activin A and inhibin A as possible endocrine markers for pre-eclampsia Lancet 349 9061 1997 1285 1288
36. F. Petraglia, L. Aguzzoli, A. Gallinelli, P. Florio, M. Zonca, and C. Benedetto Hypertension in pregnancy: changes in activin A maternal serum concentration Placenta 16 5 1995 447 454
37. R.F. Fraser, M.E. McAsey, and P. Coney Inhibin-A and pro-alpha C are elevated in preeclamptic pregnancy and correlate with human chorionic gonadotropin Am J Reprod Immunol 40 1 1998 37 42
38. C.H. Diesch, W. Holzgreve, S. Hahn, and X.Y. Zhong Comparison of activin A and cell-free fetal DNA levels in maternal plasma from patients at high risk for preeclampsia Prenat Diagn 26 13 2006 1267 1270
39. A. Reddy, S. Suri, I.L. Sargent, C.W. Redman, and S. Muttukrishna Maternal circulating levels of activin A, inhibin A, sFlt-1 and endoglin at parturition in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia PLoS ONE 4 2 2009 e4453
40. C.G. Hanisch, K.A. Pfeiffer, H. Schlebusch, and J. Schmolling Adhesion molecules, activin and inhibin - candidates for the biochemical prediction of hypertensive diseases in pregnancy? Arch Gynecol Obstet 270 2 2004 110 115
41. H.M. Silver, G.M. Lambert-Messerlian, J.A. Star, J. Hogan, and J.A. Canick Comparison of maternal serum total activin A and inhibin A in normal, preeclamptic, and nonproteinuric gestationally hypertensive pregnancies Am J Obstet Gynecol 180 5 1999 1131 1137
42. A. Khalil, E. Jauniaux, K. Harrington, and S. Muttukrishna Placental production and maternal serum and urine levels of inhibin A and activin A are modified by antihypertensive therapy in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 70 6 2009 924 931
43. H. Cuckle, I. Sehmi, and R. Jones Maternal serum inhibin A can predict pre-eclampsia Br J Obstet Gynaecol 105 10 1998 1101 1103
44. J. Aquilina, A. Barnett, O. Thompson, and K. Harrington Second-trimester maternal serum inhibin A concentration as an early marker for preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 181 1 1999 131 136
45. L.J. Salomon, C. Benattar, F. Audibert, H. Fernandez, M. Duyme, and J. Taieb Severe preeclampsia is associated with high inhibin A levels and normal leptin levels at 7-13 weeks into pregnancy Am J Obstet Gynecol 189 6 2003 1517 1522
46. E.M. Roes, M.A. Gaytant, C.M. Thomas, M.T. Raijmakers, P.L. Zusterzeel, and W.H. Peters First trimester inhibin-A concentrations and later development of preeclampsia Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 83 1 2004 117
47. S. Muttukrishna, R.A. North, J. Morris, J.C. Schellenberg, R.S. Taylor, and J. Asselin Serum inhibin A and activin A are elevated prior to the onset of pre-eclampsia Hum Reprod 15 7 2000 1640 1645
48. B.M. Sibai, M.A. Koch, S. Freire, J.L. Pinto e Silva, M.V. Rudge, and S. Martins-Costa Serum inhibin A and angiogenic factor levels in pregnancies with previous preeclampsia and/or chronic hypertension: are they useful markers for prediction of subsequent preeclampsia? Am J Obstet Gynecol 199 3 2008 268 269
49. K. Spencer, C.K. Yu, M. Savvidou, A.T. Papageorghiou, and K.H. Nicolaides Prediction of pre-eclampsia by uterine artery Doppler ultrasonography and maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, activin A and inhibin A at 22 + 0 to 24 + 6 weeks' gestation Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 27 6 2006 658 663
50. M. Zwahlen, S. Gerber, and N.A. Bersinger First trimester markers for pre-eclampsia: placental vs. non-placental protein serum levels Gynecol Obstet Invest 63 1 2007 15 21
51. E.J. Davidson, S.C. Riley, S.A. Roberts, C.H. Shearing, N.P. Groome, and C.W. Martin Maternal serum activin, inhibin, human chorionic gonadotrophin and alpha-fetoprotein as second trimester predictors of pre-eclampsia BJOG 110 1 2003 46 52
52. R. D'Anna, G. Baviera, F. Corrado, I. Leonardi, M. Buemi, and V.M. Jasonni Is mid-trimester maternal serum inhibin-A a marker of preeclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 81 6 2002 540 543
53. N.G. Than, E. Pick, S. Bellyei, A. Szigeti, O. Burger, and Z. Berente Functional analyses of placental protein 13/galectin-13 Eur J Biochem 271 6 2004 1065 1078
54. O. Burger, E. Pick, J. Zwickel, M. Klayman, H. Meiri, and R. Slotky Placental protein 13 (PP-13): effects on cultured trophoblasts, and its detection in human body fluids in normal and pathological pregnancies Placenta 25 7 2004 608 622
55. N.G. Than, R.O. Abdul, R. Magenheim, B. Nagy, T. Fule, and B. Hargitai Placental protein 13 (galectin-13) has decreased placental expression but increased shedding and maternal serum concentrations in patients presenting with preterm pre-eclampsia and HELLP syndrome Virchows Arch 453 4 2008 387 400
56. K.H. Nicolaides, R. Bindra, O.M. Turan, I. Chefetz, M. Sammar, and H. Meiri A novel approach to first-trimester screening for early pre-eclampsia combining serum PP-13 and Doppler ultrasound Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 27 1 2006 13 17
57. I. Chafetz, I. Kuhnreich, M. Sammar, Y. Tal, Y. Gibor, and H. Meiri First-trimester placental protein 13 screening for preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction Am J Obstet Gynecol 197 1 2007 35 37
58. B. Huppertz, M. Sammar, I. Chefetz, P. Neumaier-Wagner, C. Bartz, and H. Meiri Longitudinal determination of serum placental protein 13 during development of preeclampsia Fetal Diagn Ther 24 3 2008 230 236
59. R. Romero, J.P. Kusanovic, N.G. Than, O. Erez, F. Gotsch, and J. Espinoza First-trimester maternal serum PP13 in the risk assessment for preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 199 2 2008 122
60. R. Gonen, R. Shahar, Y.I. Grimpel, I. Chefetz, M. Sammar, and H. Meiri Placental protein 13 as an early marker for pre-eclampsia: a prospective longitudinal study BJOG 115 12 2008 1465 1472
61. A. Khalil, N.J. Cowans, K. Spencer, S. Goichman, H. Meiri, and K. Harrington First trimester maternal serum placental protein 13 for the prediction of pre-eclampsia in women with a priori high risk Prenat Diagn 29 8 2009 781 789
62. K. Spencer, N.J. Cowans, I. Chefetz, J. Tal, I. Kuhnreich, and H. Meiri Second-trimester uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index and maternal serum PP13 as markers of pre-eclampsia Prenat Diagn 27 3 2007 258 263
63. S.E. Maynard, J.Y. Min, J. Merchan, K.H. Lim, J. Li, and S. Mondal Excess placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) may contribute to endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and proteinuria in preeclampsia J Clin Invest 111 5 2003 649 658
64. H. Sugimoto, Y. Hamano, D. Charytan, D. Cosgrove, M. Kieran, and A. Sudhakar Neutralization of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by anti-VEGF antibodies and soluble VEGF receptor 1 (sFlt-1) induces proteinuria J Biol Chem 278 15 2003 12605 12608
65. S. Venkatesha, M. Toporsian, C. Lam, J. Hanai, T. Mammoto, and Y.M. Kim Soluble endoglin contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia Nat Med 12 6 2006 642 649
66. R.J. Levine, C. Lam, C. Qian, K.F. Yu, S.E. Maynard, and B.P. Sachs Soluble endoglin and other circulating antiangiogenic factors in preeclampsia N Engl J Med 355 10 2006 992 1005
67. D.S. Torry, H.S. Wang, T.H. Wang, M.R. Caudle, and R.J. Torry Preeclampsia is associated with reduced serum levels of placenta growth factor Am J Obstet Gynecol 179 6 Pt 1 1998 1539 1544
68. A. Reuvekamp, F.V. Velsing-Aarts, I.E. Poulina, J.J. Capello, and A.J. Duits Selective deficit of angiogenic growth factors characterises pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia Br J Obstet Gynaecol 106 10 1999 1019 1022
69. J.C. Livingston, R. Chin, B. Haddad, E.T. McKinney, R. Ahokas, and B.M. Sibai Reductions of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor concentrations in severe preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 183 6 2000 1554 1557
70. R.J. Levine, S.E. Maynard, C. Qian, K.H. Lim, L.J. England, and K.F. Yu Circulating angiogenic factors and the risk of preeclampsia N Engl J Med 350 7 2004 672 683
71. A.C. Staff, K. Braekke, N.K. Harsem, T. Lyberg, and M.R. Holthe Circulating concentrations of sFlt1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1) in fetal and maternal serum during pre-eclampsia Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 122 1 2005 33 39
72. E. Shibata, A. Rajakumar, R.W. Powers, R.W. Larkin, C. Gilmour, and L.M. Bodnar Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 is increased in preeclampsia but not in normotensive pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age neonates: relationship to circulating placental growth factor J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 8 2005 4895 4903
73. C.J. Robinson, D.D. Johnson, E.Y. Chang, D.M. Armstrong, and W. Wang Evaluation of placenta growth factor and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 receptor levels in mild and severe preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 195 1 2006 255 259
74. V.D. Garovic, S.J. Wagner, S.T. Turner, D.W. Rosenthal, W.J. Watson, and B.C. Brost Urinary podocyte excretion as a marker for preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 196 4 2007 320 327
75. P.G. Teixeira, A.C. Cabral, S.P. Andrade, Z.S. Reis, L.P. da Cruz, and J.B. Pereira Placental growth factor (PlGF) is a surrogate marker in preeclamptic hypertension Hypertens Pregnancy 27 1 2008 65 73
76. K. Koga, Y. Osuga, O. Yoshino, Y. Hirota, X. Ruimeng, and T. Hirata Elevated serum soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sVEGFR-1) levels in women with preeclampsia J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88 5 2003 2348 2351
77. V. Tsatsaris, F. Goffin, C. Munaut, J.F. Brichant, M.R. Pignon, and A. Noel Overexpression of the soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor in preeclamptic patients: pathophysiological consequences J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88 11 2003 5555 5563
78. T. Chaiworapongsa, R. Romero, J. Espinoza, E. Bujold, K.Y. Mee, and L.F. Goncalves Evidence supporting a role for blockade of the vascular endothelial growth factor system in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Young Investigator Award Am J Obstet Gynecol 190 6 2004 1541 1547
79. G.C. McKeeman, J.E. Ardill, C.M. Caldwell, A.J. Hunter, and N. McClure Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sFlt-1) is increased throughout gestation in patients who have preeclampsia develop Am J Obstet Gynecol 191 4 2004 1240 1246
80. S.K. Nadar, I. Karalis, Y.E. Al, A.D. Blann, and G.Y. Lip Plasma markers of angiogenesis in pregnancy induced hypertension Thromb Haemost 94 5 2005 1071 1076
81. K. Hirokoshi, Y. Maeshima, K. Kobayashi, E. Matsuura, H. Sugiyama, and Y. Yamasaki Elevated serum sFlt-1/Ang-2 ratio in women with preeclampsia Nephron Clin Pract 106 1 2007 c43 c50
82. A. Hertig, N. Berkane, G. Lefevre, K. Toumi, H.P. Marti, and J. Capeau Maternal Serum sFlt1 concentration is an early and reliable predictive marker of preeclampsia Clin Chem 50 9 2004 1702 1703
83. H. Stepan, A. Geide, and R. Faber Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 N Engl J Med 351 21 2004 2241 2242
84. A.C. Staff, K. Braekke, G.M. Johnsen, S.A. Karumanchi, and N.K. Harsem Circulating concentrations of soluble endoglin (CD105) in fetal and maternal serum and in amniotic fluid in preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 197 2 2007 176
85. R.N. Taylor, J. Grimwood, R.S. Taylor, M.T. McMaster, S.J. Fisher, and R.A. North Longitudinal serum concentrations of placental growth factor: evidence for abnormal placental angiogenesis in pathologic pregnancies Am J Obstet Gynecol 188 1 2003 177 182
86. F. Lyall, I.A. Greer, F. Boswell, and R. Fleming Suppression of serum vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity in normal pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia Br J Obstet Gynaecol 104 2 1997 223 228
87. M. Shaarawy, F. Al-Sokkary, M. Sheba, O. Wahba, H.O. Kandil, and I. Bdel-Mohsen Angiogenin and vascular endothelial growth factor in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia Int J Gynaecol Obstet 88 2 2005 112 117
88. M.L. Tjoa, R.J. Levine, and S.A. Karumanchi Angiogenic factors and preeclampsia Front Biosci 12 2007 2395 2402
89. B.M. Polliotti, A.G. Fry, D.N. Saller, R.A. Mooney, C. Cox, and R.K. Miller Second-trimester maternal serum placental growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor for predicting severe, early-onset preeclampsia Obstet Gynecol 101 6 2003 1266 1274
90. S.C. Tidwell, H.N. Ho, W.H. Chiu, R.J. Torry, and D.S. Torry Low maternal serum levels of placenta growth factor as an antecedent of clinical preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 184 6 2001 1267 1272
91. R. Thadhani, W.P. Mutter, M. Wolf, R.J. Levine, R.N. Taylor, and V.P. Sukhatme First trimester placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and risk for preeclampsia J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 2 2004 770 775
92. L.J. Vatten, A. Eskild, T.I. Nilsen, S. Jeansson, P.A. Jenum, and A.C. Staff Changes in circulating level of angiogenic factors from the first to second trimester as predictors of preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 196 3 2007 239 246
93. O. Erez, R. Romero, J. Espinoza, W. Fu, D. Todem, and J.P. Kusanovic The change in concentrations of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in maternal plasma between the first and second trimesters in risk assessment for the subsequent development of preeclampsia and small-for-gestational age J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 21 5 2008 279 287
94. J.P. Kusanovic, R. Romero, T. Chaiworapongsa, O. Erez, P. Mittal, and E. Vaisbuch A prospective cohort study of the value of maternal plasma concentrations of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in early pregnancy and midtrimester in the identification of patients destined to develop preeclampsia J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 22 11 2009 1021 1038
95. C.Y. Ong, A.W. Liao, A.M. Cacho, K. Spencer, and K.H. Nicolaides First-trimester maternal serum levels of placenta growth factor as predictor of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction Obstet Gynecol 98 4 2001 608 611
96. G.C. Smith, J.A. Crossley, D.A. Aitken, N. Jenkins, F. Lyall, and A.D. Cameron Circulating angiogenic factors in early pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, spontaneous preterm birth, and stillbirth Obstet Gynecol 109 6 2007 1316 1324
97. M.L. Tjoa, J.M. van Vugt, M.A. Mulders, R.B. Schutgens, C.B. Oudejans, and I.J. van Wijk Plasma placenta growth factor levels in midtrimester pregnancies Obstet Gynecol 98 4 2001 600 607
98. Y.N. Su, C.N. Lee, W.F. Cheng, W.Y. Shau, S.N. Chow, and F.J. Hsieh Decreased maternal serum placenta growth factor in early second trimester and preeclampsia Obstet Gynecol 97 6 2001 898 904
99. L.C. Chappell, P.T. Seed, A. Briley, F.J. Kelly, B.J. Hunt, and D.S. Charnock-Jones A longitudinal study of biochemical variables in women at risk of preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 187 1 2002 127 136
100. T. Krauss, H.U. Pauer, and H.G. Augustin Prospective analysis of placenta growth factor (PlGF) concentrations in the plasma of women with normal pregnancy and pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia Hypertens Pregnancy 23 1 2004 101 111
101. S.Y. Kim, H.M. Ryu, J.H. Yang, M.Y. Kim, J.Y. Han, and J.O. Kim Increased sFlt-1 to PlGF ratio in women who subsequently develop preeclampsia J Korean Med Sci 22 5 2007 873 877
102. J. Espinoza, R. Romero, J.K. Nien, R. Gomez, J.P. Kusanovic, and L.F. Goncalves Identification of patients at risk for early onset and/or severe preeclampsia with the use of uterine artery Doppler velocimetry and placental growth factor Am J Obstet Gynecol 196 4 2007 326e1-13
103. E.R. Unal, C.J. Robinson, D.D. Johnson, and E.Y. Chang Second-trimester angiogenic factors as biomarkers for future-onset preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 197 2 2007 211 214
104. R. Romero, J.K. Nien, J. Espinoza, D. Todem, W. Fu, and H. Chung A longitudinal study of angiogenic (placental growth factor) and anti-angiogenic (soluble endoglin and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1) factors in normal pregnancy and patients destined to develop preeclampsia and deliver a small for gestational age neonate J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 21 1 2008 9 23
105. R. Akolekar, E. Zaragoza, L.C. Poon, S. Pepes, and K.H. Nicolaides Maternal serum placental growth factor at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks of gestation in the prediction of pre-eclampsia Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 32 6 2008 732 739
106. F. Crispi, E. Llurba, C. Dominguez, P. Martin-Gallan, L. Cabero, and E. Gratacos Predictive value of angiogenic factors and uterine artery Doppler for early- versus late-onset pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 31 3 2008 303 309
107. M. Schmidt, C. Dogan, C. Birdir, U. Kuhn, A. Gellhaus, and R. Kimmig Placental growth factor: a predictive marker for preeclampsia? Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch 49 2 2009 94 99
108. G.M. Lambert-Messerlian, and J.A. Canick Placenta growth factor levels in second-trimester maternal serum in Down syndrome pregnancy and in the prediction of preeclampsia Prenat Diagn 24 11 2004 876 880
109. L.C. Poon, E. Zaragoza, R. Akolekar, E. Anagnostopoulos, and K.H. Nicolaides Maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF) in small for gestational age pregnancy at 11(+0) to 13(+6) weeks of gestation Prenat Diagn 28 12 2008 1110 1115
110. T.A. Moore Simas, S.L. Crawford, M.J. Solitro, S.C. Frost, B.A. Meyer, and S.E. Maynard Angiogenic factors for the prediction of preeclampsia in high-risk women Am J Obstet Gynecol 197 3 2007 244 248
111. H. Stepan, A. Geipel, F. Schwarz, T. Kramer, N. Wessel, and R. Faber Circulatory soluble endoglin and its predictive value for preeclampsia in second-trimester pregnancies with abnormal uterine perfusion Am J Obstet Gynecol 198 2 2008 175 176
112. H. Stepan, A. Unversucht, N. Wessel, and R. Faber Predictive value of maternal angiogenic factors in second trimester pregnancies with abnormal uterine perfusion Hypertension 49 4 2007 818 824
113. A.E. Diab, M.M. El-Behery, M.A. Ebrahiem, and A.E. Shehata Angiogenic factors for the prediction of pre-eclampsia in women with abnormal midtrimester uterine artery Doppler velocimetry Int J Gynaecol Obstet 102 2 2008 146 151
114. S. Rana, S.A. Karumanchi, R.J. Levine, S. Venkatesha, J.A. Rauh-Hain, and H. Tamez Sequential changes in antiangiogenic factors in early pregnancy and risk of developing preeclampsia Hypertension 50 1 2007 137 142
115. J.H. Lim, S.Y. Kim, S.Y. Park, J.H. Yang, M.Y. Kim, and H.M. Ryu Effective prediction of preeclampsia by a combined ratio of angiogenesis-related factors Obstet Gynecol 111 6 2008 1403 1409
116. C. Signore, J.L. Mills, C. Qian, K. Yu, C. Lam, and F.H. Epstein Circulating angiogenic factors and placental abruption Obstet Gynecol 108 2 2006 338 344
117. M. Bolin, E. Wiberg-Itzel, A.K. Wikstrom, M. Goop, A. Larsson, and M. Olovsson Angiopoietin-1/angiopoietin-2 ratio for prediction of preeclampsia Am J Hypertens 22 8 2009 891 895
118. W. Holzgreve, F. Ghezzi, N.E. Di, D. Ganshirt, E. Maymon, and S. Hahn Disturbed feto-maternal cell traffic in preeclampsia Obstet Gynecol 91 5 Pt 1 1998 669 672
119. W. Holzgreve, J.J. Li, A. Steinborn, T. Kulz, C. Sohn, and M. Hodel Elevation in erythroblast count in maternal blood before the onset of preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 184 2 2001 165 168
120. R. Al-Mufti, H. Hambley, G. Albaiges, C. Lees, and K.H. Nicolaides Increased fetal erythroblasts in women who subsequently develop pre-eclampsia Hum Reprod 15 7 2000 1624 1628
121. Y.M. Lo, T.N. Leung, M.S. Tein, I.L. Sargent, J. Zhang, and T.K. Lau Quantitative abnormalities of fetal DNA in maternal serum in preeclampsia Clin Chem 45 2 1999 184 188
122. T.N. Leung, J. Zhang, T.K. Lau, L.Y. Chan, and Y.M. Lo Increased maternal plasma fetal DNA concentrations in women who eventually develop preeclampsia Clin Chem 47 1 2001 137 139
123. X.Y. Zhong, W. Holzgreve, and S. Hahn Circulatory fetal and maternal DNA in pregnancies at risk and those affected by preeclampsia Ann NY Acad Sci 945 2001 138 140
124. X.Y. Zhong, W. Holzgreve, and S. Hahn The levels of circulatory cell free fetal DNA in maternal plasma are elevated prior to the onset of preeclampsia Hypertens Pregnancy 21 1 2002 77 83
125. R.J. Levine, C. Qian, E.S. Leshane, K.F. Yu, L.J. England, and E.F. Schisterman Two-stage elevation of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal sera before onset of preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 190 3 2004 707 713
126. N.B. Tsui, and Y.M. Lo A microarray approach for systematic identification of placental-derived RNA markers in maternal plasma Methods Mol Biol 444 2008 275 289
127. P.G. Crosignani, L. Trojsi, A.E. Attanasio, and G.C. Finzi Value of HCG and HCS measurement in clinical practice Obstet Gynecol 44 5 1974 673 681
128. F. Muller, L. Savey, F.B. Le, L. Bussieres, G. Ndayizamba, and J.C. Colau Maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin level at 15 weeks is a predictor for preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 175 1 1996 37 40
129. F. Audibert, Y. Benchimol, C. Benattar, C. Champagne, and R. Frydman Prediction of preeclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction by second trimester serum screening and uterine Doppler velocimetry Fetal Diagn Ther 20 1 2005 48 53
130. L.C. Lee, B.C. Sheu, W.Y. Shau, D.M. Liu, T.J. Lai, and Y.H. Lee Mid-trimester beta-hCG levels incorporated in a multifactorial model for the prediction of severe pre-eclampsia Prenat Diagn 20 9 2000 738 743
131. A.M. Ashour, E.S. Lieberman, L.E. Haug, and J.T. Repke The value of elevated second-trimester beta-human chorionic gonadotropin in predicting development of preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 176 2 1997 438 442
132. M.D. Savvidou, A.D. Hingorani, D. Tsikas, J.C. Frolich, P. Vallance, and K.H. Nicolaides Endothelial dysfunction and raised plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine in pregnant women who subsequently develop pre-eclampsia Lancet 361 9368 2003 1511 1517
133. D.P. Holden, S.A. Fickling, G.S. Whitley, and S.S. Nussey Plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine, a natural inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 178 3 1998 551 556
134. K. Braekke, P.M. Ueland, N.K. Harsem, and A.C. Staff Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in the maternal and fetal circulation in preeclampsia Pediatr Res 2009
135. A. Pettersson, T. Hedner, and I. Milsom Increased circulating concentrations of asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, in preeclampsia Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 77 8 1998 808 813
136. Y.J. Kim, H.S. Park, H.Y. Lee, E.H. Ha, S.H. Suh, and S.K. Oh Reduced l-arginine level and decreased placental eNOS activity in preeclampsia Placenta 27 4-5 2006 438 444
137. R. Maas, R.H. Boger, E. Schwedhelm, J.P. Casas, P. Lopez-Jaramillo, and N. Serrano Plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in Colombian women with pre-eclampsia JAMA 291 7 2004 823 824
138. P.D. Speer, R.W. Powers, M.P. Frank, G. Harger, N. Markovic, and J.M. Roberts Elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations precede clinical preeclampsia, but not pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age infants Am J Obstet Gynecol 198 1 2008 112 117
139. F. Petraglia, P. Florio, C. Benedetto, C. Gallo, R.J. Woods, and A.R. Genazzani High levels of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) are inversely correlated with low levels of maternal CRF-binding protein in pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81 2 1996 852 856
140. A.V. Perkins, E.A. Linton, F. Eben, J. Simpson, C.D. Wolfe, and C.W. Redman Corticotrophin-releasing hormone and corticotrophin-releasing hormone binding protein in normal and pre-eclamptic human pregnancies Br J Obstet Gynaecol 102 2 1995 118 122
141. P. Florio, A. Imperatore, F. Sanseverino, M. Torricelli, F.M. Reis, and P.J. Lowry The measurement of maternal plasma corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF-binding protein improves the early prediction of preeclampsia J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 9 2004 4673 4677
142. P. Florio, F.M. Reis, I. Pezzani, S. Luisi, F.M. Severi, and F. Petraglia The addition of activin A and inhibin A measurement to uterine artery Doppler velocimetry to improve the early prediction of pre-eclampsia Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 21 2 2003 165 169
143. F. Herse, A.C. Staff, L. Hering, D.N. Muller, F.C. Luft, and R. Dechend AT1-receptor autoantibodies and uteroplacental RAS in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia J Mol Med 86 6 2008 697 703
144. C.C. Zhou, Y. Zhang, R.A. Irani, H. Zhang, T. Mi, and E.J. Popek Angiotensin receptor agonistic autoantibodies induce pre-eclampsia in pregnant mice Nat Med 14 8 2008 855 862
145. M. Sugulle, R. Dechend, F. Herse, M.S. Weedon-Fekjaer, G.M. Johnsen, and K.B. Brosnihan Circulating and placental growth-differentiation factor 15 in preeclampsia and in pregnancy complicated by diabetes mellitus Hypertension 54 1 2009 106 112
146. R. Blankley, S. Gaskell, A. Whetton, C. Dive, P. Baker, and J. Myers A proof-of-principle gel-free proteomics strategy for the identification of predictive biomarkers for the onset of pre-eclampsia BJOG 2009
147. L.C. Kenny, D. Broadhurst, M. Brown, W.B. Dunn, C.W. Redman, and D.B. Kell Detection and identification of novel metabolomic biomarkers in preeclampsia Reprod Sci 15 6 2008 591 597
148. M.D. Savvidou, R. Akolekar, E. Zaragoza, L.C. Poon, and K.H. Nicolaides First trimester urinary placental growth factor and development of pre-eclampsia BJOG 116 5 2009 643 647
149. R.J. Levine, R. Thadhani, C. Qian, C. Lam, K.H. Lim, and K.F. Yu Urinary placental growth factor and risk of preeclampsia JAMA 293 1 2005 77 85
150. P.K. Aggarwal, V. Jain, V. Sakhuja, S.A. Karumanchi, and V. Jha Low urinary placental growth factor is a marker of pre-eclampsia Kidney Int 69 3 2006 621 624
151. C.S. Buhimschi, E.R. Norwitz, E. Funai, S. Richman, S. Guller, and C.J. Lockwood Urinary angiogenic factors cluster hypertensive disorders and identify women with severe preeclampsia Am J Obstet Gynecol 192 3 2005 734 741
152. L. Chatzi, E. Plana, V. Daraki, P. Karakosta, D. Alegkakis, and C. Tsatsanis Metabolic syndrome in early pregnancy and risk of preterm birth Am J Epidemiol 170 7 2009 829 836
153. P. Drouillet, M. Kaminski, B. uzon-Guillain, A. Forhan, P. Ducimetiere, and M. Schweitzer Association between maternal seafood consumption before pregnancy and fetal growth: evidence for an association in overweight women. The
154. K.M. Groom, R.A. North, P.R. Stone, E.H. Chan, R.S. Taylor, and G.A. Dekker Patterns of change in uterine artery Doppler studies between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation and pregnancy outcomes Obstet Gynecol 113 2 Pt 1 2009 332 338
155. A. Hofman, V.W. Jaddoe, J.P. Mackenbach, H.A. Moll, R.F. Snijders, and E.A. Steegers Growth, development and health from early fetal life until young adulthood: the Generation R Study Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 18 1 2004 61 72
156. J. Olsen, M. Melbye, S.F. Olsen, T.I. Sorensen, P. Aaby, and A.M. Andersen The Danish National Birth Cohort - its background, structure and aim Scand J Public Health 29 4 2001 300 307
157. K.S. Ronningen, L. Paltiel, H.M. Meltzer, R. Nordhagen, K.K. Lie, and R. Hovengen The biobank of the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study: a resource for the next 100 years Eur J Epidemiol 21 8 2006 619 625
158. E. Pukkala, A. Andersen, G. Berglund, R. Gislefoss, V. Gudnason, and G. Hallmans Nordic biological specimen banks as basis for studies of cancer causes and control - more than 2 million sample donors, 25 million person years and 100,000 prospective cancers Acta Oncol 46 3 2007 286 307
159. P. Rantakallio The longitudinal study of the northern Finland birth cohort of 1966 Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2 1 1988 59 88
160. A. Lukanova, P. Toniolo, A. Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, K. Grankvist, M. Wulff, and A.A. Arslan Insulin-like growth factor I in pregnancy and maternal risk of breast cancer Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15 12 2006 2489 2493
161. N. Ribas-Fito, R. Ramon, F. Ballester, J. Grimalt, A. Marco, and N. Olea Child health and the environment: the INMA Spanish Study Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 20 5 2006 403 410
162. J. Golding Children of the nineties. A longitudinal study of pregnancy and childhood based on the population of Avon (ALSPAC) West Engl Med J 105 3 1990 80 82
163. Disentangling fetal and maternal susceptibility for pre-eclampsia: a British multicenter candidate-gene study. Am J Hum Genet 2005;77(1):127-31.
164. D. Pasupathy, A. Dacey, E. Cook, D.S. Charnock-Jones, I.R. White, and G.C. Smith Study protocol. A prospective cohort study of unselected primiparous women: the pregnancy outcome prediction study BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 8 2008 51
165. G. Devereux, A.A. Litonjua, S.W. Turner, L.C. Craig, G. McNeill, and S. Martindale Maternal vitamin D intake during pregnancy and early childhood wheezing Am J Clin Nutr 85 3 2007 853 859
166. M. Wolf, E. Kettyle, L. Sandler, J.L. Ecker, J. Roberts, and R. Thadhani Obesity and preeclampsia: the potential role of inflammation Obstet Gynecol 98 5 Pt 1 2001 757 762
167. R.J. Levine, J.R. Esterlitz, E.G. Raymond, R. DerSimonian, J.C. Hauth, and C.L. Ben Trial of Calcium for Preeclampsia Prevention (CPEP): rationale, design, and methods Control Clin Trials 17 5 1996 442 469