Structural constraints in Ukrainian politics

East European Politics and Societies

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 28-46

  D'Anieri, Paul ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

2010 presidential election; Authoritarianism; Democratization; Elections; Ukraine

Indexed keywords

EID: 78651233473     PISSN: 08883254     EISSN: 15338371     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0888325410388559     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. This assumption is applied to elections and party systems, two important issues in Ukraine, in Peter C. Ordeshook and Olga V. Shvetsova, "Ethnic Heterogeneity, District Magnitude, and the Number of Parties," American Journal of Political Science 38:1(1994): 100-124.
2. Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics (New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1977).
3. Paul D'Anieri, "Ethnic Tensions and State Strategies: Understanding the Survival of the Ukrainian State," Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 23:1(2007): 4-29.
4. Dominique Arel, "Ukraine: The Temptation of the Nationalizing State," in Vladimir Tismaneanu, ed., Political Culture and Civil Society in Russia and the New States of Eurasia (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1995).
5. Dominique Arel, "Language Politics in Independent Ukraine: Towards One or Two State Languages?" Nationalities Papers 23:3(1995).
6. Dominique Arel and Valery Khmelko, "The Russian Factor and Territorial Polarization in Ukraine," Harriman Review 9:1-2(1996).
7. Lowell W. Barrington, "The Geographic Component of Mass Attitudes in Ukraine," Post-Soviet Geography and Economics 38:10(1997): 601-14.
8. Sarah Birch, "Interpreting the Regional Effect in Ukrainian Politics," Europe-Asia Studies 52:6(2000): 1017-41.
9. Peter R. Craumer and James I. Clem, "Ukraine's Emerging Electoral Geography: A Regional Analysis of the 1998 Parliamentary Elections," Post-Soviet Geography and Economics 40:1(1999).
10. Vicki L. Hesli, "Public Support for the Devolution of Power in Ukraine: Regional Patterns," Europe-Asia Studies 47:1(1995): 91-121.
11. Valeri Khmelko and Andrew Wilson, "Regionalism and Ethnic and Linguistic Cleavages in Ukraine," in Taras Kuzio, ed., Contemporary Ukraine: Dynamics of Post-Soviet Transformation (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1998).
12. Paul Kubicek, "Post-Soviet Ukraine: In Search of a Constituency for Reform," Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 13:3(1997): 103-26.
13. Taras Kuzio, Ukraine: State and Nation Building (London: Routledge, 1998).
14. Taras Kuzio and Paul D'Anieri, eds., Dilemmas of State-Led Nation Building in Ukraine (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003).
15. George Liber, "Imagined Ukraine: Regional Differences and the Emergence of an Integrated State Identity," Nations and Nationalism 4:2(1998): 187-206.
16. David Saunders, "What Makes a Nation a Nation? Ukrainians since 1600," Ethnic Groups 10 (1993): 101-24.
17. Zenovia A. Sochor, "No Middle Ground? On the Difficulties of Crafting a Consensus in Ukraine," The Harriman Review 9:1-2(1996): 57-61
18. Roman Solchanyk, "The Politics of State Building: Center-Periphery Relations in Post-Soviet Ukraine," Europe-Asia Studies 46:1(1994): 47-68.
19. Stephen Shulman, "International and National Integration in Multiethnic States: The Sources of Ukrainian (Dis)Unity" (PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1996).
20. Catherine Wanner, Burden of Dreams. History and Identity in Post-Soviet Ukraine (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1998).
21. Andrew Wilson, Ukrainian Nationalism in the 1990s, a Minority Faith (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
22. Sharon L. Wolchik and Volodymyr Zviglyanich, Ukraine: The Search for National Identity (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2001).
23. William Zimmerman, "Is Ukraine a Political Community?" Communist and Post-Communist Studies 31:1(1998): 43-55.
24. For examples see the map at for 2010 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_presidential_election, _2010 and that for 2004 at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media:Ukraine_ElectionsMap_Nov2004.png.
25. On the relationship between the number of cleavages and the number of parties, see Octavio Amorim Neto and Gary Cox, "Electoral Institutions, Cleavage Structures, and the Number of Parties," American Journal of Political Science 41:1(1999): 149, especially footnote 2.
26. See Andrew Wilson and Sarah Birch, "Voting Stability, Political Gridlock: Ukraine's 1998 Parliamentary Elections," Europe-Asia Studies 51:6(1999): 1039-68.
27. Sarah Birch, "Party System Formation and Voting Behaviour in the Ukrainian Parliamentary Elections of 1994," in Taras Kuzio, ed., Contemporary Ukraine: Dynamics of Post-Soviet Transformation (London: M. E. Sharpe, 1998), 138-160.
28. Paul Kubicek, "Regional Polarisation in Ukraine: Public Opinion, Voting and Legislative Behavior," Europe-Asia Studies 52:2(2000): 273-94.
29. This is one way that Ukraine differs from Russia, where region plays a less important role. See Viatcheslav Avioutskii, "Analysis of the Centers of Power in Russia and Ukraine: a Managerial Perspective" (Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for the Study of Nationalities, New York, NY, April 2010).
30. On regional effects on organizing, see also Martin Aberg, "Putnam's Social Capital Theory Goes East: A Case Study of Western Ukraine and L'viv," Europe-Asia Studies 52:2(2000): 295-317.
31. Kimitaka Matsuzato, "'Elites and the Party System of Zakarpattya Oblast': Relations among Levels of Party Systems in Ukraine," Europe-Asia Studies 54:8(2002): 1267-99.
32. See, for example, Arkady Moshes, "Ukraine between a Multivector Foreign Policy and Euro-Atlantic Integration: Has It Made Its Choice?" (PONARS Policy Memo no. 426, December 2006).
33. Taras Kuzio, "Ukraine's Multi-vector Energy Policy," Eurasia Daily Monitor 1:55(19 July 2004). For an examination of different ways to understand President Yanukovych's early foreign policy moves.
34. see Andrew Wilson, "What Are the Ukrainians Playing At" (European Council on Foreign Relations, 30 Apr. 2010), http://ecfr.eu/content/entry/commentary_what_are_the_ukrainians_playing_at/.
35. The "Rally around the Flag" effect was first analyzed in the U.S. case in John Mueller, Presidents, Wars, and Public Opinion (New York, NY: John Wiley, 1973). For a more recent assessment.
36. see Alistair Smith, "Diversionary Foreign Policy in Democratic Systems," International Studies Quarterly 40 (1996): 133-53.
37. Tabachnyk was quoted in Taras Kuzio, "Counter-revolution in Ukraine," KyivPost.com, 12 Mar. 2010.
38. See Paul D'Anieri, Understanding Ukrainian Politics: Power, Politics, and Institutional Design (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2007), chapter 8, for a fuller discussion.
39. M. Steven Fish, Democracy Derailed in Russia (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2005).
40. On clans in the Orange Revolution, see Andrew Wilson, Ukraine's Orange Revolution (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2005).
41. Fish, Democracy Derailed in Russia.
42. These battles are detailed nicely in Jakob Hedenskog, "The Ukrainian Law-Enforcement Agencies-Political and Regional Preferences in Times of Uncertainty" (Paper presented at the annual conference of the Association for the Study of Nationalities, New York, NY, April 2010).
43. Ibid., 9-11.
44. Ibid., 11-12.
45. Paul D'Anieri "The Last Hurrah: The 2004 Ukrainian Presidential Elections and the Limits of Machine Politics," Communist and Post-Communist Studies 38:2(2005): 231-49.
46. These are detailed in D'Anieri, Understanding Ukrainian Politics, chapter 9. For a different conceptualization of the same phenomenon.
47. see Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way, "Why Democracy Needs a Level Playing Field," Journal of Democracy 21:1(2010): 57-68.
48. Two neglected classics on the topic are James Scott, "Corruption, Machine Politics, and Political Change," American Political Science Review 63 (December 1969): 1142-58.
49. James Scott, "Patron-Client Politics and Political Change in Southeast Asia," American Political Science Review 66 (March 1972).
50. D'Anieri, Understanding Ukrainian Politics, 203.
51. The arguments for and against term limits as supportive of democracy are discussed in JamesD. Fearon, "Electoral Accountability and the Control of Politicians: Selecting Good Types versus Sanctioning Poor Performance," in Adam Przeworski, Susan Stokes, and Bernard Manin, eds., Democracy, Accountability and Representation (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1999). Note that it is important to distinguish between legislative and executive term limits.
52. See Reporters without Borders, "Open Letter to the Ukrainian President," 28 Apr. 2010, at http:// en.rsf.org/ukraine-open-letter-to-the-ukrainian-28-04-2010,37218.html.
53. "Disturbing Deterioration in Press Freedom Situation since New President Took Over," 16 Apr. 2010, at http://en.rsf.org/ukraine-disturbingdeterioration-in-press-15-04-2010,37027.html.
54. Lucan Way, "Pluralism by Default in Moldova," Journal of Democracy 13:4(2002): 127-41.