Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: 5-year to 20-year evidence-based surgical results

Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics

Volumn 31, Issue 1 SUPPL., 2011, Pages

  Westrick, Edward R ^a   Ward, W Timothy ^a  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; evidence based; optimal instrumentation

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; AVERAGE; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEFORMITY; DISEASE COURSE; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; FOLLOW UP; HISTORY; HUMAN; HYPOTHESIS; IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS; INFORMATION RETRIEVAL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL LITERATURE; POPULATION; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SPINE SURGERY; SURGEON; TAXONOMY;

ADOLESCENT; DISEASE PROGRESSION; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; SCOLIOSIS; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 78650949887     PISSN: 02716798     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0b013e3181fd87d5     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. Asher MA, Burton DC. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: natural history and long-term treatment effects. Scoliosis. 2006;1:2.
2. Kesling KL, Reinker KA. Scoliosis in twins: a meta-analysis of the literature and report of six cases. Spine. 1997;22:2009-2014; discussion 2015.
3. Parent S, Newton PO, Wenger DR. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: etiology, anatomy, natural history, and bracing. Instr Course Lect. 2005;54:529-536.
4. Weiss HR. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS)-an indication for surgery? A systematic review of the literature. Disabil Rehabil. 2008; 30:799-807.
5. Weiss HR, Goodall D. The treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) according to present evidence: a systematic review. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2008;44:177-193.
6. Haher TR, Merola A, Zipnick RI, et al. Meta-analysis of surgical outcome in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a 35-year English literature review of 11,000 patients. Spine. 1995;20:1575-1584.
7. Danielsson AJ. What impact does spinal deformity correction for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis make on quality of life? Spine. 2007; 32(19 suppl):S101-S108.
8. Winter RB, Lonstein JE, Denis F. How much correction is enough? Spine. 2007;32:2641-2643.
9. Lenke LG, Kuklo TR, Ondra S, et al. Rationale behind the current state-of-the-art treatment of scoliosis (in the pedicle screw era). Spine. 2008;33:1051-1054.
10. Nilsonne U, Lundgren KD. Long-term prognosis in idiopathic scoliosis. Acta Orthop Scand. 1968;39:456-465.
11. Nachemson A. A long-term follow-up study of non-treated scoliosis. Acta Orthop Scand. 1968;39:466-476.
12. Bjure J, Nachemson A. Non-treated scoliosis. Clin Orthop. 1973;93: 44-52.
13. Goldberg MS, Mayo NE, Poitras B, et al. The Ste-justine Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Cohort Study. Part II: perception of health, self and body image, and participation in physical activities. Spine. 1994;19:1562-1572.
14. Goldberg MS, Mayo NE, Poitras B, et al. The Ste-Justine Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Cohort Study. Part I: description of the study. Spine. 1994;19:1551-1561.
15. Mayo NE, Goldberg MS, Poitras B, et al. The Ste-Justine Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Cohort Study. Part III: back pain. Spine. 1994;19:1573-1581.
16. Poitras B, Mayo NE, Goldberg MS, et al. The Ste-Justine Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Cohort Study. Part IV: surgical correction and back pain. Spine. 1994;19:1582-1588.
17. Edgar MA, Mehta MH. Long-term follow-up of fused and unfused idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1988;70:712-716.
18. Collis DK, Ponseti IV. Long-term follow-up of patients with idiopathic scoliosis not treated surgically. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1969;51:425-445.
19. Weinstein SL, Zavala DC, Ponseti IV. Idiopathic scoliosis: longterm follow-up and prognosis in untreated patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1981;63:702-712.
20. Weinstein SL, Ponseti IV. Curve progression in idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1983;65:447-455.
21. Weinstein SL. Natural history. Spine. 1999;24:2592-2600.
22. Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Cheng JC, et al. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Lancet. 2008;371:1527-1537.
23. Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Spreatt KF, et al. Health and function of patients with untreated idiopathic scoliosis: a 50-year natural history study. JAMA. 2003;289:559-567.
24. Ascani E, Bartolozzi P, Logroscino CA, et al. Natural history of untreated idiopathic scoliosis after skeletal maturity. Spine. 1986; 11:784-789.
25. Pehrsson K, Larsson S, Oden A, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with untreated scoliosis: a study of mortality, causes of death, and symptoms. Spine. 1992;17:1091-1096.
26. Dickman CA, Yahiro MA, Lu HT, et al. Surgical treatment alternatives for fixation of unstable fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine: a meta-analysis. Spine. 1994;19(20 suppl): 2266S-2273S.
27. Mardjetko SM, Connolly PJ, Shott S. Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: a meta-analysis of literature 1970-1993. Spine. 1994;19(20 suppl):2256S-2265S.
28. Yahiro MA. Comprehensive literature review: pedicle screw fixation devices. Spine. 1994;19(20 suppl):2274S-2278S.
29. Goldstein LA. Results in the treatment of scoliosis with turnbuckle plaster cast correction and fusion. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1959; 41-A:321-335.
30. Grouw AV, Nadel CI, Weierman FJ, et al. Long term follow-up of patients with idiopathic scoliosis treated surgically: a preliminary subjective study. Clin Orthop. 1976;117:197-201.
31. Moskowitz A, Moe JH, Winter RB, et al. Long-term follow-up of scoliosis fusion. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1980;62:364-376.
32. Cochran T, Irstam L, Nachemson A. Long-term anatomic and functional changes in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated by Harrington rod fusion. Spine. 1983;8:576-584.
33. Michel CR, Lalain JJ. Late results of Harringtons operation: longterm evolution of the lumbar spine below the fused segments. Spine. 1985;10:414-420.
34. Luk KD, Lee FB, Leong JC, et al. The effect on the lumbosacral spine of long spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis: a minimum 10-year follow-up. Spine. 1987;12:996-1000.
35. Hayes MAM, Tompkins SF, Herndon WA, TompkinsHaher TR, Haher TR, et al. Clinical and radiological evaluation of lumbosacral motion below fusion levels in idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 1988;13:1161-1167.
36. Fabry G, Van Melkebeek J, Bockx E. Back pain after Harrington rod instrumentation for idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 1989;14: 620-624.
37. Kitahara H, Inoue S, Minami S, et al. Long-term results of spinal instrumentation surgery for scoliosis five years or more after surgery, in patients over twenty-three years of age. Spine. 1989;14: 744-749.
38. Dickson JH, Erwin WD, Rossi D. Harrington instrumentation and arthrodesis for idiopathic scoliosis: a twenty-one-year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990;72:678-683.
39. Kohler R, Galland O, Mechin H, et al. The Dwyer procedure in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis: a 10-year follow-up review of 21 patients. Spine. 1990;15:75-80.
40. Large DF, Doing WG, Dickens DR, et al. Surgical treatment of double major scoliosis: improvement of the lumbar curve after fusion of the thoracic curve. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1991;73:121-124.
41. Jeng CL, Sponseller PD, Tolo VT. Outcome of Wisconsin instrumentation in idiopathic scoliosis: minimum 5-year follow-up. Spine. 1993;18:1584-1590.
42. Willers U, Hedlund R, Aaro S, et al. Long-term results of Harrington instrumentation in idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 1993;18: 713-717.
43. Connolly PJ, Von Schroeder HP, Johnson GE, et al. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: long-term effect of instrumentation extending to the lumbar spine. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1995;77:1210-1216.
44. Humke T, Grob D, Siegrist H, et al. Cotrel-Dubousset and Harrington instrumentation in idiopathic scoliosis: a comparison of long-term results. Eur Spine J. 1995;4:280-283.
45. Antuna SA, Mendez JG, Lopez-Fanjul JC, et al. Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation in idiopathic scoliosis: a 5-year follow-up. Acta Orthop Belg. 1997;63:74-81.
46. Otani K, Saito M, Sibasaki K. Anterior instrumentation in idiopathic scoliosis: a minimum follow-up of 10 years. Int Orthop. 1997;21:4-8.
47. Takahashi S, Delecrin J, Passuti N. Changes in the unfused lumbar spine in patients with idiopathic scoliosis: a 5- to 9-year assessment after Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation. Spine. 1997;22:517-523; discussion 524.
48. Lenke LG, Bridwell KH, Blanke K, et al. Radiographic results of arthrodesis with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a five to ten-year followup study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1998;80:807-814.
49. Perez-Grueso FS, Fernandez-Baillo N, Arauz de Robles S, et al. The low lumbar spine below Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation: longterm findings. Spine. 2000;25:2333-2341.
50. Danielsson AJ, Cederlund CG, Nachemson AL, et al. The prevalence of disc aging and back pain after fusion extending into the lower lumbar spine: a matched MR study twenty-five years after surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Acta Radiol. 2001; 42:187-197.
51. Danielsson AJ, Nachemson AL. Radiologic findings and curve progression 22 years after treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: comparison of brace and surgical treatment with matching control group of straight individuals. Spine. 2001;26: 516-525.
52. Danielsson AJ, Nachemson AL. Back pain and function 23 years after fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a case-control studypart II. Spine. 2003;28:E373-E383.
53. Danielsson AJ, Wiklund I, Pehrsson K, et al. Health-related quality of life in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a matched follow-up at least 20 years after treatment with brace or surgery. Eur Spine J. 2001;10:278-288.
54. Padua R, Padua S, Aulisa L, et al. Patient outcomes after Harrington instrumentation for idiopathic scoliosis: a 15- to 28- year evaluation. Spine. 2001;26:1268-1273.
55. Parsch D, Gaertner DR, Brocai C, et al. The effect of spinal fusion on the long-term outcome of idiopathic scoliosis: a case-control study. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001;83:1133-1136.
56. Pehrsson K, Danielsson A, Nachemson A. Pulmonary function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a 25-year follow-up after surgery or start of brace treatment. Thorax. 2001;56:388-393.
57. Burton DC, Asher MA, Lai SM. Patient-based outcomes analysis of patients with single torsion thoracolumbar-lumbar scoliosis treated with anterior or posterior instrumentation: an average 5- to 9-year follow-up study. Spine. 2002;27:2363-2367.
58. Gotze C, Liljenqvist UR, Slomka A, et al. Quality of life and back pain: outcome 16.7 years after Harrington instrumentation. Spine. 2002;27:1456-1463; discussion 1463-1464.
59. Helenius I, Remes V, Yrjonen T, et al. Comparison of long-term functional and radiologic outcomes after Harrington instrumentation and spondylodesis in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a review of 78 patients. Spine. 2002;27:176-180.
60. Bago J, Ramirez M, Pellise F, et al. Survivorship analysis of Cotrel- Dubousset instrumentation in idiopathic scoliosis. Eur Spine J. 2003;12:435-439.
61. Helenius I, Remes V, Yrjonen T, et al. Harrington and Cotrel- Dubousset instrumentation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: longterm functional and radiographic outcomes. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85-A:2303-2309.
62. Asher M, Lai SM, Burton D, et al. Safety and efficacy of Isola instrumentation and arthrodesis for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: two- to 12-year follow-up. Spine. 2004;29:2013-2023.
63. Mariconda M, Galasso S, Barca P, et al. Minimum 20-year followup results of Harrington rod fusion for idiopathic scoliosis. Eur Spine J. 2005;14:854-861.
64. Niemeyer T, Bovingloh AS, Grieb S, et al. Low back pain after spinal fusion and Harrington instrumentation for idiopathic scoliosis. Int Orthop. 2005;29:47-50.
65. Suk SI, Lee SM, Chung ER, et al. Selective thoracic fusion with segmental pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of thoracic idiopathic scoliosis: more than 5-year follow-up. Spine. 2005;30: 1602-1609.
66. Andersen MO, Christensen SB, Thomsen K. Outcome at 10 years after treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 2006;31: 350-354.
67. Benli IT, Ates B, Akalin S, et al. Minimum 10-year follow-up surgical results of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients treated with TSRH instrumentation. Eur Spine J. 2007;16:381-391.
68. Bjerkreim I, Steen H, Brox JI. Idiopathic scoliosis treated with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation: evaluation 10 years after surgery. Spine. 2007;32:2103-2110.
69. Boos N, Dolan LA, Weinstein SL. Long-term clinical and radiographic results of Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation of right thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Iowa Orthop J. 2007;27: 40-46.
70. Lerner T, Frobin W, Bullman V, et al. Changes in disc height and posteroanterior displacement after fusion in patients with idiopathic scoliosis: a 9-year follow-up study. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2007; 20:195-202.
71. Pecina M, Dapic T. More than 20-year follow-up Harrington instrumentation in the treatment of severe idiopathic scoliosis. Eur Spine J. 2007;16:299-300.
72. Helenius I, Remes V, Lamberg T, et al. Long-term health-related quality of life after surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and spondylolisthesis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008;90:1231-1239.
73. Newton P, Upasani VV, Lhamby J, et al. Surgical treatment of main thoracic scoliosis with thoracoscopic anterior instrumentation: a five-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008;90-A: 2077-2089.
74. Upasani VV, Caltoum C, Petcharaporn M, et al. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients report increased pain at five years compared with two years after surgical treatment. Spine. 2008;33:1107-1112.
75. Wright JG. A practical guide to assigning levels of evidence. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007;89:1128-1130.
76. Remes V, Helenius I, Schlenzka D, et al. Cotrel-Dubousset (CD) or Universal Spine System (USS) instrumentation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS): comparison of midterm clinical, functional, and radiologic outcomes. Spine. 2004;29:2024-2030.
77. Schlenzka D, Poussa M, Muschik M. Operative treatment of adolescent idiopathic thoracic scoliosis: Harrington-DTT versus Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation. Clin Orthop. 1993;297:155-160.
78. Behensky H, Krismer M, Bauer R. Comparison of spinal mobility after Harrington and CD instrumentation. J Spinal Disord. 1998;11: 155-162.
79. Hawes M. Impact of spine surgery on signs and symptoms of spinal deformity. Pediatr Rehabil. 2006;9:318-339.
80. Bridwell KH, Shufflebarger HL, Lenke LG, et al. Parents and patients preferences and concerns in idiopathic adolescent scoliosis: a cross-sectional preoperative analysis. Spine. 2000;25:2392-2399.
81. Bridwell KH, Anderson PA, Boden SD, et al. Whats new in spine surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007;89:1654-1663.
82. Tones M, Moss N, Polly DW Jr. A review of quality of life and psychosocial issues in scoliosis. Spine. 2006;31:3027-3038.
83. Smith PL, Donaldson S, Hedden D, et al. Parents and patients perceptions of postoperative appearance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 2006;31:2367-2374.
84. Rinella A, Lenke LG, Peelle M, et al. Comparison of SRS questionnaire results submitted by both parents and patients in the operative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 2004;29: 303-310.
85. Pratt RK, Burwell RG, Cole AA, et al. Patient and parental perception of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis before and after surgery in comparison with surface and radiographic measurements. Spine. 2002;27:1543-1550; discussion 1551-1552.
86. Bridwell KH, Hanson DS, Rhee JM, et al. Correction of thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with segmental hooks, rods, and Wisconsin wires posteriorly: its bad and obsolete, correct? Spine. 2002;27:2059-2066.
87. Hurford RK Jr, Lenke LG, Lee SS, et al. Prospective radiographic and clinical outcomes of dual-rod instrumented anterior spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: comparison with single-rod constructs. Spine. 2006;31:2322-2328.
88. Lonner BS, Kondrachov D, Siddiqi F, et al. Thoracoscopic spinal fusion compared with posterior spinal fusion for the treatment of thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88:1022-1034.
89. Merola AA, Haher TR, Brkaric M, et al. A multicenter study of the outcomes of the surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) outcome instrument. Spine. 2002;27:2046-2051
90. Newton PO, Parent S, Marks M, et al. Prospective evaluation of 50 consecutive scoliosis patients surgically treated with thoracoscopic anterior instrumentation. Spine. 2005;30(17 suppl):S100-S109.
91. Sweet FA, Lenke LG, Bridwell KH, et al. Prospective radiographic and clinical outcomes and complications of single solid rod instrumented anterior spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 2001;26:1956-1965.
92. Berven S, Deviren V, Polly D, et al. Minimally Clinically Important Difference in Spinal Deformity: Defining a Threshold of Change That Matters. Miami: Scoliosis Research Society; 2005.
93. Suk SI, Kim WJ, Lee SM, et al. Thoracic pedicle screw fixation in spinal deformities: are they really safe? Spine. 2001;26:2049-2057.
94. Kim YJ, Lenke LG, Kim J, et al. Comparative analysis of pedicle screw versus hybrid instrumentation in posterior spinal fusion of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 2006;31: 291-298.
95. Belmont PJ Jr, Klemme WR, Dhawan A, et al. In vivo accuracy of thoracic pedicle screws. Spine. 2001;26:2340-2346.
96. Kim YJ, Lenke LG, Bridwell KH, et al. Free hand pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine: is it safe? Spine. 2004;29:333-342; discussion 342.
97. Parent S, Labelle H, Skalli W, et al. Thoracic pedicle morphometry in vertebrae from scoliotic spines. Spine. 2004;29:239-248