메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 12, 2010, Pages 1787-1797

Defining causality in emerging agents of acute bacterial diarrheas: A step beyond the Kochs postulates

Author keywords

Animal models; Causality; Diarrhea; Emerging bacterial agents; Guidelines; Kochs postulates

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE TOXIN A; PROBIOTIC AGENT; RIBOSOME DNA;

EID: 78650433781     PISSN: 17460913     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/fmb.10.141     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (7)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0346826270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global burden of diarrhoeal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and Bull
    • Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant RL: The global burden of diarrhoeal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and Bull. World Health Organ. 81 3 197-204(2003).
    • (2003) World Health Organ. , vol.81 , Issue.3 , pp. 197-204
    • Kosek, M.1    Bern, C.2    Guerrant, R.L.3
  • 3
    • 0034976949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Faecal elastase-1: Lyophilization of stool samples prevents false low results in diarrhoea
    • Fischer B, Hoh S, Wehler M, Hahn EG, Schneider HT: Faecal elastase-1: Lyophilization of stool samples prevents false low results in diarrhoea. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 36(7), 771-774 (2001).
    • (2001) Scand. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.36 , Issue.7 , pp. 771-774
    • Fischer, B.1    Hoh, S.2    Wehler, M.3    Hahn, E.G.4    Schneider, H.T.5
  • 4
    • 36549028432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal microbiology enters the metagenomics era
    • Frank DN, Pace NR: Gastrointestinal microbiology enters the metagenomics era. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 24(1), 4-10 (2008).
    • (2008) Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-10
    • Frank, D.N.1    Pace, N.R.2
  • 6
    • 34250622074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacteriocin production as a mechanism for the antiinfective activity of Lactobacillus salivarius ucc118
    • Corr SC, Li Y, Riedel CU, OToole PW, Hill C, Gahan CG: Bacteriocin production as a mechanism for the antiinfective activity of Lactobacillus salivarius ucc118. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104(18), 7617-7621 (2007).
    • (2007) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.104 , Issue.18 , pp. 7617-7621
    • Corr, S.C.1    Li, Y.2    Riedel, C.U.3    Otoole, P.W.4    Hill, C.5    Gahan, C.G.6
  • 7
    • 34848920391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of action of probiotics
    • Boirivant M, Strober W: The mechanism of action of probiotics. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 23(6), 679-692 (2007).
    • (2007) Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 679-692
    • Boirivant, M.1    Strober, W.2
  • 9
    • 0002476952 scopus 로고
    • Uber bakteriologische forschung verhandlung des x internationalen medichinischen congresses
    • Hirschwald, Berlin, Germany, August
    • Koch R: Uber bakteriologische forschung verhandlung des x internationalen medichinischen congresses. In: Xth International Congress of Medicine. Hirschwald, Berlin, Germany, August 1891.
    • (1891) Xth International Congress of Medicine
    • Koch, R.1
  • 10
    • 84938462849 scopus 로고
    • Criteria for etiologic association of prevalent viruses with prevalent diseases; The virologists dilemma
    • Huebner RJ: Criteria for etiologic association of prevalent viruses with prevalent diseases; the virologists dilemma. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 67(8), 430-438 (1957).
    • (1957) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.67 , Issue.8 , pp. 430-438
    • Huebner, R.J.1
  • 11
    • 0002433747 scopus 로고
    • Viruses and Kochs postulates
    • Rivers TM: Viruses and Kochs postulates. J. Bacteriol. 33(1), 1-12 (1937).
    • (1937) J. Bacteriol. , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-12
    • Rivers, T.M.1
  • 12
    • 0030060689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence-based identification of microbial pathogens: A reconsideration of Kochs postulates
    • Fredricks DN, Relman DA: Sequence-based identification of microbial pathogens: a reconsideration of Kochs postulates. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 9(1), 18-33 (1996).
    • (1996) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 18-33
    • Fredricks, D.N.1    Relman, D.A.2
  • 14
    • 0029870228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular pathogenesis of listeriosis
    • Southwick FS, Purich DL: Intracellular pathogenesis of listeriosis. N. Engl. J Med. 334(12), 770-776 (1996).
    • (1996) N. Engl. J Med. , vol.334 , Issue.12 , pp. 770-776
    • Southwick, F.S.1    Purich, D.L.2
  • 15
    • 78650453295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Listeria monocytogenes
    • Raoult D, Tilton R (Eds), Elsevier, Paris, France
    • Raoult D, Tilton R: Listeria monocytogenes. In: Dictionary of Infectious Diseases. Raoult D, Tilton R (Eds). Elsevier, Paris, France (1999).
    • (1999) Dictionary of Infectious Diseases
    • Raoult, D.1    Tilton, R.2
  • 16
    • 0027978154 scopus 로고
    • A point-source foodborne listeriosis outbreak: Documented incubation period and possible mild illness
    • Riedo FX, Pinner RW, Tosca ML et al.: A point-source foodborne listeriosis outbreak: documented incubation period and possible mild illness. J. Infect. Dis. 170(3), 693-696 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.170 , Issue.3 , pp. 693-696
    • Riedo, F.X.1    Pinner, R.W.2    Tosca, M.L.3
  • 17
    • 0031025101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An outbreak of gastroenteritis and fever due to Listeria monocytogenes in milk
    • Dalton CB, Austin CC, Sobel J et al.: An outbreak of gastroenteritis and fever due to Listeria monocytogenes in milk. N. Engl. J. Med. 336(2), 100-105 (1997).
    • (1997) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.336 , Issue.2 , pp. 100-105
    • Dalton, C.B.1    Austin, C.C.2    Sobel, J.3
  • 18
    • 0034720226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An outbreak of febrile gastroenteritis associated with corn contaminated by Listeria monocytogenes
    • Aureli P, Fiorucci GC, Caroli D et al.: An outbreak of febrile gastroenteritis associated with corn contaminated by Listeria monocytogenes. N. Engl. J. Med. 342(17), 1236-1241 (2000).
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.342 , Issue.17 , pp. 1236-1241
    • Aureli, P.1    Fiorucci, G.C.2    Caroli, D.3
  • 19
    • 17644378780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastroenteritis due to Listeria monocytogenes
    • Ooi ST, Lorber B: Gastroenteritis due to Listeria monocytogenes. Clin. Infect. Dis. 40(9), 1327-1332 (2005).
    • (2005) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.40 , Issue.9 , pp. 1327-1332
    • Ooi, S.T.1    Lorber, B.2
  • 20
    • 0037221016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of fecal carriage of Listeria monocytogenes in three healthy volunteers: A one-year prospective stool survey
    • Grif K, Patscheider G, Dierich MP, Allerberger F: Incidence of fecal carriage of Listeria monocytogenes in three healthy volunteers: a one-year prospective stool survey. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 22(1), 16-20 (2003).
    • (2003) Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 16-20
    • Grif, K.1    Patscheider, G.2    Dierich, M.P.3    Allerberger, F.4
  • 21
    • 0025951915 scopus 로고
    • Listeria monocytogenes a food-borne pathogen
    • Farber JM, Peterkin PI: Listeria monocytogenes, a food-borne pathogen. Microbiol. Rev. 55(3), 476-511 (1991).
    • (1991) Microbiol. Rev. , vol.55 , Issue.3 , pp. 476-511
    • Farber, J.M.1    Peterkin, P.I.2
  • 22
  • 23
    • 0037326309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Febrile gastroenteritis after eating on-farm manufactured fresh cheese - An outbreak of listeriosis?
    • Carrique-Mas JJ, Hokeberg I, Andersson Y et al.: Febrile gastroenteritis after eating on-farm manufactured fresh cheese - an outbreak of listeriosis? Epidemiol. Infect. 130(1), 79-86 (2003).
    • (2003) Epidemiol. Infect. , vol.130 , Issue.1 , pp. 79-86
    • Carrique-Mas, J.J.1    Hokeberg, I.2    Andersson, Y.3
  • 24
    • 0034633098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive review of the natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection in children
    • Torres J, Perez-Perez G, Goodman KJ et al.: A comprehensive review of the natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Arch. Med. Res. 31(5), 431-469 (2000).
    • (2000) Arch. Med. Res. , vol.31 , Issue.5 , pp. 431-469
    • Torres, J.1    Perez-Perez, G.2    Goodman, K.J.3
  • 25
    • 0029069091 scopus 로고
    • The role of Helicobacter pylori in gastritis and its progression to peptic ulcer disease
    • Blaser MJ: The role of Helicobacter pylori in gastritis and its progression to peptic ulcer disease. Aliment Pharmacol. Ther. 9(Suppl. 1), 27-30 (1995).
    • (1995) Aliment Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.9 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 27-30
    • Blaser, M.J.1
  • 26
    • 0028936341 scopus 로고
    • Age at establishment of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinoma, gastric ulcer, and duodenal ulcer risk
    • Blaser MJ, Chyou PH, Nomura A: Age at establishment of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinoma, gastric ulcer, and duodenal ulcer risk. Cancer Res. 55(3), 562-565 (1995).
    • (1995) Cancer Res. , vol.55 , Issue.3 , pp. 562-565
    • Blaser, M.J.1    Chyou, P.H.2    Nomura, A.3
  • 27
    • 0038579390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Helicobacter in the developing world
    • Frenck RW Jr, Clemens J: Helicobacter in the developing world. Microbes Infect. 5(8), 705-713 (2003).
    • (2003) Microbes Infect. , vol.5 , Issue.8 , pp. 705-713
    • Frenck Jr., R.W.1    Clemens, J.2
  • 28
    • 0025770755 scopus 로고
    • Water source as risk factor for Helicobacter pylori infection in peruvian children. Gastrointestinal physiology working group
    • Klein PD, Graham DY, Gaillour A, Opekun AR, Smith EO: Water source as risk factor for Helicobacter pylori infection in peruvian children. Gastrointestinal physiology working group. Lancet 337(8756), 1503-1506 (1991).
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , Issue.8756 , pp. 1503-1506
    • Klein, P.D.1    Graham, D.Y.2    Gaillour, A.3    Opekun, A.R.4    Smith, E.O.5
  • 29
    • 0036827884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seroincidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a cohort of rural bolivian children: Acquisition and analysis of possible risk factors
    • Glynn MK, Friedman CR, Gold BD et al.: Seroincidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a cohort of rural bolivian children: acquisition and analysis of possible risk factors. Clin. Infect. Dis. 35(9), 1059-1065 (2002).
    • (2002) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.35 , Issue.9 , pp. 1059-1065
    • Glynn, M.K.1    Friedman, C.R.2    Gold, B.D.3
  • 30
    • 0036035579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1523-5378.7.s1.10.x
    • Mitchell H, Megraud F: Epidemiology and diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 7(Suppl. 1), 8-16 (2002). (Pubitemid 35230810)
    • (2002) Helicobacter , vol.7 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 8-16
    • Mitchell, H.1    Megraud, F.2
  • 31
    • 0029024108 scopus 로고
    • Impact of infection by Helicobacter pylori on the risk and severity of endemic cholera
    • Clemens J, Albert MJ, Rao M et al.: Impact of infection by Helicobacter pylori on the risk and severity of endemic cholera. J. Infect. Dis. 171(6), 1653-1656 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.171 , Issue.6 , pp. 1653-1656
    • Clemens, J.1    Albert, M.J.2    Rao, M.3
  • 32
    • 0037115088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and increased risk of typhoid fever
    • Bhan MK, Bahl R, Sazawal S et al.: Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and increased risk of typhoid fever. J. Infect. Dis. 186(12), 1857-1860 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.186 , Issue.12 , pp. 1857-1860
    • Bhan, M.K.1    Bahl, R.2    Sazawal, S.3
  • 33
    • 19244380372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute Helicobacter pylori infection is followed by an increase in diarrheal disease among peruvian children
    • Passaro DJ, Taylor DN, Meza R, Cabrera L, Gilman RH, Parsonnet J: Acute Helicobacter pylori infection is followed by an increase in diarrheal disease among peruvian children. Pediatrics 108(5), E87 (2001).
    • (2001) Pediatrics , vol.108 , Issue.5
    • Passaro, D.J.1    Taylor, D.N.2    Meza, R.3    Cabrera, L.4    Gilman, R.H.5    Parsonnet, J.6
  • 34
    • 0025021069 scopus 로고
    • Helicobacter pylori in gambian children with chronic diarrhoea and malnutrition
    • Sullivan PB, Thomas JE, Wight DG et al.: Helicobacter pylori in gambian children with chronic diarrhoea and malnutrition. Arch. Dis. Child. 65(2), 189-191 (1990).
    • (1990) Arch. Dis. Child. , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 189-191
    • Sullivan, P.B.1    Thomas, J.E.2    Wight, D.G.3
  • 35
    • 0031743105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive association between Helicobacter pylori infection and food allergy in children
    • Corrado G, Luzzi I, Lucarelli S et al.: Positive association between Helicobacter pylori infection and food allergy in children. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 33(11), 1135-1139 (1998).
    • (1998) Scand. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.33 , Issue.11 , pp. 1135-1139
    • Corrado, G.1    Luzzi, I.2    Lucarelli, S.3
  • 37
    • 0031785556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enterotoxic effect of the vacuolating toxin produced by Helicobacter pylori in caco-2 cells
    • Guarino A, Bisceglia M, Canani RB et al.: Enterotoxic effect of the vacuolating toxin produced by Helicobacter pylori in caco-2 cells. J. Infect. Dis. 178(5), 1373-1378 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.178 , Issue.5 , pp. 1373-1378
    • Guarino, A.1    Bisceglia, M.2    Canani, R.B.3
  • 39
    • 0033572955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fecal and oral shedding of Helicobacter pylori from healthy infected adults
    • Parsonnet J, Shmuely H, Haggerty T: Fecal and oral shedding of Helicobacter pylori from healthy infected adults. JAMA 282(23), 2240-2245 (1999).
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , Issue.23 , pp. 2240-2245
    • Parsonnet, J.1    Shmuely, H.2    Haggerty, T.3
  • 40
    • 0026339836 scopus 로고
    • Enterotoxigenic Klebsiella pneumoniae in acute childhood diarrhoea
    • Panigrahi D, Roy P, Chakrabarti A: Enterotoxigenic Klebsiella pneumoniae in acute childhood diarrhoea. Indian J. Med. Res. 93, 293-296 (1991).
    • (1991) Indian J. Med. Res. , vol.93 , pp. 293-296
    • Panigrahi, D.1    Roy, P.2    Chakrabarti, A.3
  • 41
    • 10744221916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klebsiella oxytoca as an agent of antibioticassociated hemorrhagic colitis
    • Beaugerie L, Metz M, Barbut F et al.: Klebsiella oxytoca as an agent of antibioticassociated hemorrhagic colitis. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 1(5), 370-376 (2003).
    • (2003) Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.1 , Issue.5 , pp. 370-376
    • Beaugerie, L.1    Metz, M.2    Barbut, F.3
  • 42
    • 33845385703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klebsiella oxytoca as a causative organism of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis
    • Hogenauer C, Langner C, Beubler E et al.: Klebsiella oxytoca as a causative organism of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 355(23), 2418-2426 (2006).
    • (2006) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.355 , Issue.23 , pp. 2418-2426
    • Hogenauer, C.1    Langner, C.2    Beubler, E.3
  • 43
    • 0018726337 scopus 로고
    • Acute right-sided hemorrhagic colitis associated with oral administration of ampicillin
    • Sakurai Y, Tsuchiya H, Ikegami F, Funatomi T, Takasu S, Uchikoshi T: Acute right-sided hemorrhagic colitis associated with oral administration of ampicillin. Dig. Dis. Sci. 24(12), 910-915 (1979).
    • (1979) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.24 , Issue.12 , pp. 910-915
    • Sakurai, Y.1    Tsuchiya, H.2    Ikegami, F.3    Funatomi, T.4    Takasu, S.5    Uchikoshi, T.6
  • 45
    • 3042587404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klebsiella oxytoca: A rare cause of severe infectious colitis: First north american case report
    • Chen J, Cachay ER, Hunt GC: Klebsiella oxytoca: a rare cause of severe infectious colitis: first north american case report. Gastrointest. Endosc. 60(1), 142-145 (2004).
    • (2004) Gastrointest. Endosc. , vol.60 , Issue.1 , pp. 142-145
    • Chen, J.1    Cachay, E.R.2    Hunt, G.C.3
  • 46
    • 17144473311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diclofenacinduced colitis complicated by Klebsiella oxytoca infection
    • Soussi F, Tchirikhtchian K, Ramaholimihaso F et al.: [Diclofenacinduced colitis complicated by Klebsiella oxytoca infection]. Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol. 25(8-9), 814-816 (2001).
    • (2001) Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol. , vol.25 , Issue.8-9 , pp. 814-816
    • Soussi, F.1    Tchirikhtchian, K.2    Ramaholimihaso, F.3
  • 47
    • 40949111533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of asymptomatic Tropheryma whipplei carriage among humans and nonhuman primates
    • Fenollar F, Trani M, Davoust B et al.: Prevalence of asymptomatic Tropheryma whipplei carriage among humans and nonhuman primates. J. Infect. Dis. 197(6), 880-887 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.197 , Issue.6 , pp. 880-887
    • Fenollar, F.1    Trani, M.2    Davoust, B.3
  • 48
    • 33947387542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropheryma whipplei in the environment: Survey of sewage plant influxes and sewage plant workers
    • Schoniger-Hekele M, Petermann D, Weber B, Muller C: Tropheryma whipplei in the environment: survey of sewage plant influxes and sewage plant workers. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73(6), 2033-2035 (2007).
    • (2007) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , vol.73 , Issue.6 , pp. 2033-2035
    • Schoniger-Hekele, M.1    Petermann, D.2    Weber, B.3    Muller, C.4
  • 49
    • 77951168647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropheryma whipplei in children with gastroenteritis
    • Raoult D, Fenollar F, Rolain JM et al.: Tropheryma whipplei in children with gastroenteritis. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 16(5), 776-782 (2010).
    • (2010) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 776-782
    • Raoult, D.1    Fenollar, F.2    Rolain, J.M.3
  • 50
    • 0035961556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Culture and immunological detection of Tropheryma whippelii from the duodenum of a patient with Whipple disease
    • Raoult D, La Scola B, Lecocq P, Lepidi H, Fournier PE: Culture and immunological detection of Tropheryma whippelii from the duodenum of a patient with Whipple disease. JAMA 285(8), 1039-1043 (2001).
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , Issue.8 , pp. 1039-1043
    • Raoult, D.1    La Scola, B.2    Lecocq, P.3    Lepidi, H.4    Fournier, P.E.5
  • 51
    • 0035871749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of Tropheryma whippelii rRNA in tissues from patients with Whipples disease
    • Fredricks DN, Relman DA: Localization of Tropheryma whippelii rRNA in tissues from patients with Whipples disease. J. Infect. Dis. 183(8), 1229-1237 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.183 , Issue.8 , pp. 1229-1237
    • Fredricks, D.N.1    Relman, D.A.2
  • 54
    • 27144501550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whipple disease: Intestinal infiltrating cells exhibit a transcriptional pattern of M2/ alternatively activated macrophages
    • Desnues B, Lepidi H, Raoult D, Mege JL: Whipple disease: intestinal infiltrating cells exhibit a transcriptional pattern of M2/ alternatively activated macrophages. J. Infect. Dis. 192(9), 1642-1646 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.192 , Issue.9 , pp. 1642-1646
    • Desnues, B.1    Lepidi, H.2    Raoult, D.3    Mege, J.L.4
  • 55
    • 56149103896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophage polarization in bacterial infections
    • Benoit M, Desnues B, Mege JL: Macrophage polarization in bacterial infections. J. Immunol. 181(6), 3733-3739 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Immunol. , vol.181 , Issue.6 , pp. 3733-3739
    • Benoit, M.1    Desnues, B.2    Mege, J.L.3
  • 57
    • 78650473286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic diarrhea
    • Raoult D, Tilton R (Eds), Elsevier, Paris, France
    • Raoult D, Tilton R: Chronic diarrhea. In: Dictionary of Infectious Diseases. Raoult D, Tilton R (Eds). Elsevier, Paris, France (1999).
    • (1999) Dictionary of Infectious Diseases
    • Raoult, D.1    Tilton, R.2
  • 58
    • 31544475967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genus Hafnia: From soup to nuts
    • Janda JM, Abbott SL: The genus Hafnia: from soup to nuts. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 19(1), 12-18 (2006).
    • (2006) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 12-18
    • Janda, J.M.1    Abbott, S.L.2
  • 59
    • 0343747343 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the Hafnia isolated from normal human
    • Matsumoto H: Studies on the Hafnia isolated from normal human. Jpn. J. Microbiol. 7, 105-114 (1963).
    • (1963) Jpn. J. Microbiol. , vol.7 , pp. 105-114
    • Matsumoto, H.1
  • 60
    • 0025980243 scopus 로고
    • Hafnia alvei a probable cause of diarrhea in humans
    • Albert MJ, Alam K, Islam M et al.: Hafnia alvei, a probable cause of diarrhea in humans. Infect. Immun. 59(4), 1507-1513 (1991).
    • (1991) Infect. Immun. , vol.59 , Issue.4 , pp. 1507-1513
    • Albert, M.J.1    Alam, K.2    Islam, M.3
  • 61
    • 84960986988 scopus 로고
    • Experimental Shigella keratoconjunctivitis; A preliminary report
    • Sereny B: Experimental Shigella keratoconjunctivitis; a preliminary report. Acta Microbiol. Acad. Sci. Hung. 2(3), 293-296 (1955).
    • (1955) Acta Microbiol. Acad. Sci. Hung. , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 293-296
    • Sereny, B.1
  • 62
    • 0019431635 scopus 로고
    • Simple adult rabbit model for Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea
    • Spira WM, Sack RB, Froehlich JL: Simple adult rabbit model for Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea. Infect. Immun. 32(2), 739-747 (1981).
    • (1981) Infect. Immun. , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 739-747
    • Spira, W.M.1    Sack, R.B.2    Froehlich, J.L.3
  • 63
    • 0027467966 scopus 로고
    • Acute gastroenteritis caused by Hafnia alvei in children
    • Reina J, Hervas J, Borrell N: Acute gastroenteritis caused by Hafnia alvei in children. Clin. Infect. Dis. 16(3), 443 (1993).
    • (1993) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 443
    • Reina, J.1    Hervas, J.2    Borrell, N.3
  • 65
    • 4444267636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymicrobial infections in children with diarrhoea in a rural area of Jordan
    • Nimri LF, Elnasser Z, Batchoun R: Polymicrobial infections in children with diarrhoea in a rural area of Jordan. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 42(2), 255-259 (2004).
    • (2004) FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. , vol.42 , Issue.2 , pp. 255-259
    • Nimri, L.F.1    Elnasser, Z.2    Batchoun, R.3
  • 66
    • 0032861475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case-control study of enteropathogens associated with childhood diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh
    • Albert MJ, Faruque AS, Faruque SM, Sack RB, Mahalanabis D: Case-control study of enteropathogens associated with childhood diarrhea in Dhaka, Bangladesh. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37(11), 3458-3464 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.37 , Issue.11 , pp. 3458-3464
    • Albert, M.J.1    Faruque, A.S.2    Faruque, S.M.3    Sack, R.B.4    Mahalanabis, D.5
  • 67
    • 67650474536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute gastroenteritis caused by multiple enteric pathogens in children
    • Chen SY, Tsai CN, Chao HC et al.: Acute gastroenteritis caused by multiple enteric pathogens in children. Epidemiol. Infect. 137(7), 932-935 (2009).
    • (2009) Epidemiol. Infect. , vol.137 , Issue.7 , pp. 932-935
    • Chen, S.Y.1    Tsai, C.N.2    Chao, H.C.3
  • 68
    • 33845631591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspects of genetic susceptibility to human infectious diseases
    • Hill AV: Aspects of genetic susceptibility to human infectious diseases. Annu. Rev. Genet. 40, 469-486 (2006).
    • (2006) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.40 , pp. 469-486
    • Hill, A.V.1
  • 69
    • 33748902565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JM: Genetic susceptibility to infectious diseases: Big is beautiful, but will bigger be even better?
    • Blackwell
    • Burgner D, Jamieson SE, Blackwell JM: Genetic susceptibility to infectious diseases: big is beautiful, but will bigger be even better? Lancet Infect. Dis. 6(10), 653-663 (2006).
    • (2006) Lancet Infect. Dis. , vol.6 , Issue.10 , pp. 653-663
    • Burgner, D.1    Jamieson, S.E.2
  • 70
    • 33646578156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common polymorphism in the interleukin 8 gene promoter is associated with Clostridium difficile diarrhea
    • Jiang ZD, Dupont HL, Garey K et al.: A common polymorphism in the interleukin 8 gene promoter is associated with Clostridium difficile diarrhea. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 101(5), 1112-1116 (2006).
    • (2006) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.101 , Issue.5 , pp. 1112-1116
    • Jiang, Z.D.1    Dupont, H.L.2    Garey, K.3
  • 71
    • 0041440121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic susceptibility to enteroaggregative Escherichia coli diarrhea: Polymorphism in the interleukin-8 promotor region
    • Jiang ZD, Okhuysen PC, Guo DC et al.: Genetic susceptibility to enteroaggregative Escherichia coli diarrhea: polymorphism in the interleukin-8 promotor region. J. Infect. Dis. 188(4), 506-511 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.188 , Issue.4 , pp. 506-511
    • Jiang, Z.D.1    Okhuysen, P.C.2    Guo, D.C.3
  • 72
    • 0021814118 scopus 로고
    • Predisposition for cholera of individuals with O blood group. Possible evolutionary significance
    • Glass RI, Holmgren J, Haley CE et al.: Predisposition for cholera of individuals with O blood group. Possible evolutionary significance. Am. J. Epidemiol. 121(6), 791-796 (1985).
    • (1985) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.121 , Issue.6 , pp. 791-796
    • Glass, R.I.1    Holmgren, J.2    Haley, C.E.3
  • 73
    • 61849158210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding osteoprotegerin, an anti-inflammatory protein produced in response to infection with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, is associated with an increased risk of nonsecretory bacterial diarrhea in North American travelers to Mexico
    • Mohamed JA, Dupont HL, Jiang ZD et al.: A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding osteoprotegerin, an anti-inflammatory protein produced in response to infection with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, is associated with an increased risk of nonsecretory bacterial diarrhea in North American travelers to Mexico. J. Infect. Dis. 199(4), 477-485 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.199 , Issue.4 , pp. 477-485
    • Mohamed, J.A.1    Dupont, H.L.2    Jiang, Z.D.3
  • 74
    • 33748423889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral administration of lactoferrin increases hemoglobin and total serum iron in pregnant women
    • Paesano R, Torcia F, Berlutti F et al.: Oral administration of lactoferrin increases hemoglobin and total serum iron in pregnant women. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 84(3), 377-380 (2006).
    • (2006) Biochem. Cell. Biol. , vol.84 , Issue.3 , pp. 377-380
    • Paesano, R.1    Torcia, F.2    Berlutti, F.3
  • 75
    • 0023815539 scopus 로고
    • Damage of the outer membrane of enteric Gram-negative bacteria by lactoferrin and transferrin
    • Ellison RT 3rd, Giehl TJ, Laforce FM: Damage of the outer membrane of enteric Gram-negative bacteria by lactoferrin and transferrin. Infect. Immun. 56(11), 2774-2781 (1988).
    • (1988) Infect. Immun. , vol.56 , Issue.11 , pp. 2774-2781
    • Ellison III, R.T.1    Giehl, T.J.2    Laforce, F.M.3
  • 76
    • 17744405513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactoferrin down-regulates the LPS-induced cytokine production in monocytic cells via NF-kB
    • Haversen L, Ohlsson BG, Hahn-Zoric M, Hanson LA, Mattsby-Baltzer I: Lactoferrin down-regulates the LPS-induced cytokine production in monocytic cells via NF-kB. Cell. Immunol. 220(2), 83-95 (2002).
    • (2002) Cell. Immunol. , vol.220 , Issue.2 , pp. 83-95
    • Haversen, L.1    Ohlsson, B.G.2    Hahn-Zoric, M.3    Hanson, L.A.4    Mattsby-Baltzer, I.5
  • 77
    • 33745955355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral administration of lactoferrin increases NK cell activity in mice via increased production of IL-18 and type i IFN in the small intestine
    • Kuhara T, Yamauchi K, Tamura Y, Okamura H: Oral administration of lactoferrin increases NK cell activity in mice via increased production of IL-18 and type I IFN in the small intestine. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 26(7), 489-499 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Interferon Cytokine Res. , vol.26 , Issue.7 , pp. 489-499
    • Kuhara, T.1    Yamauchi, K.2    Tamura, Y.3    Okamura, H.4
  • 78
    • 49149083332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of host interleukin-10 polymorphisms on development of travelers diarrhea due to heat-labile enterotoxinproducing Escherichia coli in travelers from the united states who are visiting Mexico
    • Flores J, Dupont HL, Lee SA et al.: Influence of host interleukin-10 polymorphisms on development of travelers diarrhea due to heat-labile enterotoxinproducing Escherichia coli in travelers from the united states who are visiting Mexico. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 15(8), 1194-1198 (2008).
    • (2008) Clin. Vaccine Immunol. , vol.15 , Issue.8 , pp. 1194-1198
    • Flores, J.1    Dupont, H.L.2    Lee, S.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.