When giving feels good: The intrinsic benefits of sacrifice in romantic relationships for the communally motivated

Psychological Science

Volumn 21, Issue 12, 2010, Pages 1918-1924

  Kogan, Aleksandr ^a   Impett, Emily A ^b   Oveis, Christopher ^c   Hui, Bryant ^a   Gordon, Amie M ^d   Keltner, Dacher ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

communal relationships; communal strength; positive emotions; romantic relationships; sacrifice

Indexed keywords

ALTRUISM; ARTICLE; EMOTION; FAMILY SIZE; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MOTIVATION; PERCEPTION; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; SATISFACTION; SELF CONCEPT; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR;

ALTRUISM; EMOTIONS; FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS; HUMANS; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; MOTIVATION; PERSONAL SATISFACTION; PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; SELF CONCEPT; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 78650411165     PISSN: 09567976     EISSN: 14679280     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0956797610388815     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Aron, A., Aron, E.N., & Smollan, D. (1992). Inclusion of Other in the Self Scale and the structure of interpersonal closeness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 596-612.
2. Brown, S.B., Nesse, R.M., Vinokur, A.D., & Smith, D.M. (2003). Providing social support may be more beneficial than receiving it: Results from a prospective study of mortality. Psychological Science, 14, 320-327.
3. Carver, C.S., & White, T.L. (1994). Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS/BAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 319-333.
4. Clark, M.S. (1984). Record keeping in two types of relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 549-557.
5. Clark, M.S., & Finkel, E.J. (2005). Willingness to express emotion: The impact of relationship type, communal orientation, and their interaction. Personal Relationships, 12, 169-180.
6. Clark, M.S., & Grote, N.K. (1998). Why arena't indices of relationship costs always negatively related to indices of relationship quality? Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2, 2-17.
7. Clark, M.S., & Mills, J. (1979). Interpersonal attraction in exchange and communal relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 12-24.
8. Clark, M.S., & Mills, J. (1993). The difference between communal and exchange relationships: What it is and is not. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19, 684-691.
9. Clark, M.S., Mills, J., & Powell, M.C. (1986). Keeping track of needs in communal and exchange relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 333-338.
10. Cross, S.E., Bacon, P., & Morris, M. (2000). The relational-interdependent self-construal and relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 791-808.
11. Fiske, A.P. (1992). The four elementary forms of sociality: Framework for a unified theory of social relations. Psychological Review, 99, 689-723.
12. Gable, S.L., & Poore, J. (2008). Which thoughts count? Algorithms for evaluating satisfaction in relationships. Psychological Science, 19, 1030-1036.
13. Impett, E.A., Gable, S.L., & Peplau, L.A. (2005). Giving up and giving in: The costs and benefits of daily sacrifice in intimate relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 327-344.
14. Impett, E.A., & Gordon, A. (2008). For the good of others: Toward a positive psychology of sacrifice. In S.J. Lopez (Ed.), Positive psychology: Exploring the best in people (pp. 79-100). Westport, CT: Greenwood.
15. Impett, E.A., Gordon, A., Kogan, A., Oveis, C., Gable, S.L., & Keltner, D. (2010). Moving toward more perfect unions: Daily and long-term consequences of approach and avoidance goals in romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/a0020271.
16. Keltner, D., & Lerner, J.S. (2010). Emotion. In S.T. Fiske, D.T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (5th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 317-347). New York, NY: Wiley.
17. Kenny, D.A., Kashy, D.A., & Cook, W.L. (2006). Dyadic data analysis. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
18. Kernis, M.H., & Goldman, B.M. (2006). A multicomponent conceptualization of authenticity: Research and theory. In M.P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 38, pp. 284-357). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
19. Mills, J., Clark, M.S., Ford, T.E., & Johnson, M. (2004). Measurement of communal strength. Personal Relationships, 11, 213-230.
20. Raudenbush, S.W., Bryk, A.S., Cheong, Y.F., & Congdon, R.T. (2004). HLM 6: Hierarchical linear and nonlinear modeling [Computer software manual]. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.
21. Rogers, C. (1961). On becoming a person: A therapista's view of psychotherapy. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
22. Rusbult, C.E., Martz, J.M., & Agnew, C.R. (1998). The investment model scale: Measuring commitment level, satisfaction level, quality of alternatives, and investment size. Personal Relationships, 5, 357-391.
23. Sheldon, K.M., Ryan, R.M., Rawsthorne, L.J., & Ilardi, B. (1997). Trait self and true self: Cross-role variation in the Big-Five personality traits and its relations with psychological authenticity and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1380-1393.
24. Swann, W.B., Jr. (1983). Self-verification: Bringing social reality into harmony with the self. In J. Suls & A.G. Greenwald (Eds.), Psychological perspectives on the self (Vol. 2, pp. 33-66). Hills-dale, NJ: Erlbaum.
25. Swann, W.B., Jr. (in press). Self-verification theory. In P. Van Lang, A. Kruglanski, & E.T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology. London, England: Sage.
26. Van Lange, P.A.M., Agnew, C.R., Harinck, R., & Steemers, G.E. (1997). From game theory to real life: How social value orientation affects willingness to sacrifice in ongoing close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1330-1344.
27. Van Lange, P.A.M., Rusbult, C.E., Drigotas, S.M., Arriaga, X.M., Witcher, B.S., & Cox, C.L. (1997). Willingness to sacrifice in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1373-1395.
28. Williamson, G.M., & Clark, M.S. (1989). Providing help and desired relationship type as determinants of changes in mood and self-evaluations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 722-734.
29. Williamson, G.M., & Clark, M.S. (1992). Impact of desired relationship type on affective reactions to choosing and being required to help. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 10-18.
30. Zhang, Z., Zyphur, M.J., & Preacher, K.J. (2009). Testing multilevel mediation using hierarchical linear models: Problems and solutions. Organizational Research Methods, 12, 695-719.