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Volumn 75, Issue 23, 2010, Pages 8133-8146

Syntheses of the enantiomers of 1-deoxynojirimycin and 1- deoxyaltronojirimycin via chemo- and diastereoselective olefinic oxidation of unsaturated amines

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHIRAL HPLC; CHLOROMETHYL; DEOXYNOJIRIMYCIN; DEPROTECTION; DIASTEREOISOMERS; DIASTEREOSELECTIVE; EPOXIDE RING OPENING; FUNCTIONALIZED; GROUP MANIPULATIONS; REGIO-SELECTIVE; RING CONTRACTION; UNSATURATED AMINES;

EID: 78650285219     PISSN: 00223263     EISSN: 15206904     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jo101756g     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (41)

References (66)
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    • For a review on the biological activity of polyhydroxylated alkaloids, see
    • For a review on the biological activity of polyhydroxylated alkaloids, see: Watson, A. A.; Fleet, G. W. J; Asano, N.; Molyneux, R. J.; Nash, R. J. Phytochemistry 2001, 56, 265
    • (2001) Phytochemistry , vol.56 , pp. 265
    • Watson, A.A.1    Fleet, G.W.J.2    Asano, N.3    Molyneux, R.J.4    Nash, R.J.5
  • 18
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    • For previous syntheses of 2, see
    • For previous syntheses of 2, see: Bernotas, R. C.; Ganem, B. Tetrahedron Lett. 1985, 26, 1123
    • (1985) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.26 , pp. 1123
    • Bernotas, R.C.1    Ganem, B.2
  • 40
    • 78650293650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azepane 8 was also present in the crude reaction mixture (the ratio of 5: 8 was 85:15); see ref 8
    • Azepane 8 was also present in the crude reaction mixture (the ratio of 5: 8 was 85:15); see ref 8.
  • 41
    • 78650263021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • This reaction presumably proceeds via the intermediacy of the corresponding aziridinium ion; see ref 8
    • This reaction presumably proceeds via the intermediacy of the corresponding aziridinium ion; see ref 8.
  • 42
    • 78650291374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For a discussion concerning the regioselectivity of ring-opening, see ref 8
    • For a discussion concerning the regioselectivity of ring-opening, see ref 8.
  • 43
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    • 2
    • 2.
  • 44
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    • The enantiomeric purity of (+)- 8 prepared in this manner was inferred from the enantiomeric purity of the starting material (+)- 5 (i.e., >99% ee)
    • The enantiomeric purity of (+)- 8 prepared in this manner was inferred from the enantiomeric purity of the starting material (+)- 5 (i.e., >99% ee).
  • 45
    • 78650286226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The enantiomeric purity of (-)- 8 prepared in this manner was inferred from the enantiomeric purity of the starting material (-)- 5 (i.e., >99% ee)
    • The enantiomeric purity of (-)- 8 prepared in this manner was inferred from the enantiomeric purity of the starting material (-)- 5 (i.e., >99% ee).
  • 47
    • 0037954215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enantiopure (R)-α-methylbenzylamine (99% ee), (R)-1-(2′- naphthyl)ethylamine, and (R)-1-(1′-naphthyl)ethylamine (98% ee) are commercially available. A racemic sample of 1-(2′-tolyl)ethylamine was prepared according to the procedure outlined by Li et al. for the preparation of (RS)-1-(p -xylyl)ethylamine; see
    • Enantiopure (R)-α-methylbenzylamine (99% ee), (R)-1-(2′- naphthyl)ethylamine, and (R)-1-(1′-naphthyl)ethylamine (98% ee) are commercially available. A racemic sample of 1-(2′-tolyl)ethylamine was prepared according to the procedure outlined by Li et al. for the preparation of (RS)-1-(p -xylyl)ethylamine; see: Li, Y.; Selvaratnam, S.; Vittal, J. J.; Leung, P.-H. Inorg. Chem. 2003, 42, 3229
    • (2003) Inorg. Chem. , vol.42 , pp. 3229
    • Li, Y.1    Selvaratnam, S.2    Vittal, J.J.3    Leung, P.-H.4
  • 48
    • 78650291874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1H NMR spectra of the crude reaction mixtures precluded the determination of the dihydroazepine to dihydropyrrole product ratios. Dihydropyrroles 23 - 26 were formed as single diastereoisomers of unknown relative configuration
    • 1H NMR spectra of the crude reaction mixtures precluded the determination of the dihydroazepine to dihydropyrrole product ratios. Dihydropyrroles 23 - 26 were formed as single diastereoisomers of unknown relative configuration.
  • 49
    • 78650259719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4 in the presence of BnOH, which gave the corresponding (3 S,4 S,1′ R)-diastereoisomer 38 as the major product, the stereochemistry of which was unambiguously established by single-crystal X-ray analyses of derivatives and by chemical correlation to (+)-1- deoxyaltronojirimycin 3
    • 4 in the presence of BnOH, which gave the corresponding (3 S,4 S,1′ R)-diastereoisomer 38 as the major product, the stereochemistry of which was unambiguously established by single-crystal X-ray analyses of derivatives and by chemical correlation to (+)-1- deoxyaltronojirimycin 3.
  • 50
    • 78650259957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • We also investigated N (1)-(1′-phenyl-2′-hydroxyethyl)-2,7- dihydro-1 H -azepine (derived from the reaction of phenylglycinol with dibromide 18) as a potential substrate for the oxidation reaction, but all conditions investigated returned only starting material or gave rise to a complex mixture of products
    • We also investigated N (1)-(1′-phenyl-2′-hydroxyethyl)-2,7- dihydro-1 H -azepine (derived from the reaction of phenylglycinol with dibromide 18) as a potential substrate for the oxidation reaction, but all conditions investigated returned only starting material or gave rise to a complex mixture of products.
  • 51
    • 78650275075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 to the reaction mixture to aid solubility was not necessary; this modification to the experimental conditions did not affect the reaction diastereoselectivity or efficiency
    • 2 to the reaction mixture to aid solubility was not necessary; this modification to the experimental conditions did not affect the reaction diastereoselectivity or efficiency.
  • 52
    • 78650297150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Following preparation of an authentic sample, 40 could also be identified as a constituent of the crude reaction mixture; the ratio of 35: 40 was ∼80:20
    • Following preparation of an authentic sample, 40 could also be identified as a constituent of the crude reaction mixture; the ratio of 35: 40 was ∼80:20.
  • 53
    • 78650259438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication number CCDC 788733
    • Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication number CCDC 788733.
  • 54
    • 78650261226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attempts to drive the reaction to full conversion of starting material resulted in overoxidation to 35 and 40
    • Attempts to drive the reaction to full conversion of starting material resulted in overoxidation to 35 and 40.
  • 58
    • 78650267563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication number CCDC 788732
    • Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication number CCDC 788732.
  • 59
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    • Both cycloheptene and cycloheptene oxide have been shown to favor a chairtype conformation in solution; see
    • Both cycloheptene and cycloheptene oxide have been shown to favor a chairtype conformation in solution; see: Leong, M. K.; Mastryukov, V. S.; Boggs, J. E. J. Mol. Struct. 1998, 445, 149
    • (1998) J. Mol. Struct. , vol.445 , pp. 149
    • Leong, M.K.1    Mastryukov, V.S.2    Boggs, J.E.3
  • 61
    • 78650266097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The enantiomeric purities of 43, 45, and 46 were inferred from the enantiomeric purity of the (R)-(+)-1-(1′-naphthyl)ethylamine used to prepare the original starting material 21 (i.e., 98% ee)
    • The enantiomeric purities of 43, 45, and 46 were inferred from the enantiomeric purity of the (R)-(+)-1-(1′-naphthyl)ethylamine used to prepare the original starting material 21 (i.e., 98% ee).
  • 62
    • 78650296188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication no. CCDC 788734
    • Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication no. CCDC 788734.
  • 64
    • 78650291373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The synthesis of racemic 5 - 8 and 12 has previously been reported by us; see ref 8
    • The synthesis of racemic 5 - 8 and 12 has previously been reported by us; see ref 8.


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