God in the Courtroom: Religion's Role at Trial

God in the Courtroom: Religion's Role at Trial

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 1-272

  Bornstein, Brian ^a   Miller, Monica ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Attorneys; Judges; Juries; Jurors; Legal practice; Litigants; Religious denominations; Trials

Indexed keywords

EID: 78650215755     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195328677.001.0001     Document Type: Book

References (502)

1. ABA Young Lawyers Division. (2000). Career satisfaction survey. American Bar Association. Retrieved May 9, 2008, from .
2. Abortion doctor's murderer dies by lethal injection (2003, September 3). FoxNews.com. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from .
3. Abraham, H. J. (1992). Justices and presidents: A political history of appointments to the Supreme Court (3rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
4. A.C.L.U. sues judge for church sentence (1994, November 24). New York Times. Retrieved February 17, 2008, from .
5. al-Hibri, A. (1996). On being a Muslim corporate lawyer. Texas Tech Law Review, 27, 947-961.
6. Allegretti, J. G. (1996). The lawyer's calling: Christian faith and legal practice. New York: Paulist Press.
7. Allegretti, J. G. (1998a). Lawyers, clients, and covenant: A religious perspective on legal practice and ethics. Fordham Law Review, 66, 1101-1129.
8. Allegretti, J. G. (1998b). Neither curse nor idol: Towards a spirituality of work for lawyers. In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd (Eds.), Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 147-158). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
9. Allegretti, J. G. (2001a). A Christian perspective on alternative dispute resolution. Fordham Urban Law Journal, 28, 997-1006.
10. Allegretti, J. G. (2001b). The lawyer's calling revisited: Second look or second thoughts? St. John's Law Review, 75, 267-272.
11. Allegretti, J. G. (2002). The role of a lawyer's morals and religion when counseling clients in bioethics. Fordham Urban Law Journal, 30, 9-34.
12. Alley, R. S. (1988). The Supreme Court on church and state. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
13. American Law Institute. (2000). A concise restatement of torts. St. Paul, MN: American Law Institute Publishers.
14. Applegate, B. K., Cullen, F. T., Fisher, B. S., & Vander Ven, T. (2000). Forgiveness and fundamentalism: Reconsidering the relationship between correctional attitudes and religion. Criminology, 38, 719-753.
15. Appleman, J. A. (1952). Successful jury trials: A symposium. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
16. Ariens, M. (1992). Evidence of religion and the religion of evidence. Buffalo Law Review, 40, 65-111.
17. Ashenfelter, O., Eisenberg, T., & Schwab, S. J. (1995). Politics and the judiciary: The influence of judicial background on case outcomes. Journal of Legal Studies, 24, 257-281.
18. Ashley, G. M. (2002). Theology in the jury room: Religious discussion as "extraneous material" in the course of capital punishment deliberations. Vanderbilt Law Review, 55, 127-163.
19. Auerbach, J. S. (1976). Unequal justice: Lawyers and social change in modern America. New York: Oxford University Press.
20. Auerbach, J. S. (1990). Rabbis and lawyers: The journey from Torah to Constitution. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
21. Australia Catholic Church trains more exorcists due to growing demand. FoxNews.com. Retrieved August 29, 2008, from .
22. Baker, T. E., & Floyd, T. W. (1998). Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
23. Ball, W. B. (1998). On hoping to be, being, and having been. In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd (Eds.), Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 42-46). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
24. Ballesteros, S. G. (2002). Don't mess with Texas voir dire. Houston Law Review, 39, 201-241.
25. Banerjee, N. (2007, September 22). Episcopal Church remains divided on gay issues. New York Times. Retrieved October 28, 2008, from .
26. Barkan, S. E., & Cohn, S. F. (1994). Racial prejudice and support for the death penalty by whites. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 31, 202-209.
27. Barkan, S. M. (1995). The first conference of religiously affiliated law schools: An overview. Marquette Law Review, 78, 247-254.
28. Barringer, D. (1996, December). Higher authorities: Religious faith ordinarily is a personal matter. ABA Journal, 82, 68.
29. Bartkowski, J. P, & Wilcox, W. B. (2000). Conservative Protestant child discipline: The case of parental yelling. Social Forces, 79, 265-290.
30. Bartol, C. R., & Bartol, A. M. (2004). Psychology and law: Theory, research, and application (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.
31. Barton, B. (1995). Religion-based peremptory challenges after Batson v. Kentucky and J.E.B. v. Alabama. Michigan Law Review, 94, 191-216.
32. Batson, C. D., & Ventis, W. L. (1982). The religious experience: A social-psychological perspective. New York: Oxford University Press.
33. Baumer, E. P., Messner, S. F., & Rosenfeld, R. (2003). Explaining spatial variation in support for capital punishment: A multilevel analysis. American Journal of Sociology, 108, 844-875.
34. Baylor Institute for Studies of Religion. (2006). American piety in the 21st century: New insights to the depth and complexity of religion in the U.S. Waco, TX: Baylor Institute for Studies of Religion.
35. Begue, L. (2001). Social judgment of abortion: A black-sheep effect in a Catholic sheepfold. Journal of Social Psychology, 141, 640-649.
36. Bell, C. W. (2000, June 17). Some juicy ironies at Fla. Baptist meet. NYDailyNews.com. Retrieved October 16, 2008, from .
37. Belli, M. (1963). Modern trials (Abridged Ed.). Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
38. Berg, T. C., & Ross, W. G. (1998). Some religiously devout justices: Historical notes and comments. Marquette Law Review, 81, 383-409.
39. Berman, H. J. (2000). Faith and order: The reconciliation of law and religion. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. (Original work published 1993).
40. Biber, E. (2004). The price of admission: Causes, effects and patterns of conditions imposed on states entering the Union. American Journal of Legal History, 46, 119-219.
41. Bjarnason, T., & Welch, M. R. (2004). Father knows best: Parishes, priests, and American Catholic parishioners' attitudes toward capital punishment. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 43, 103-119.
42. Blum, V. (2005, July 8). Putting Islam on the stand. Law.com. Retrieved June 27, 2008, from .
43. Blume, J. H., & Johnson, S. L. (2000). Don't take his eye, don't take his tooth, and don't cast the first stone: Limiting religious arguments in capital cases. William and Mary Bill of Rights Journal, 9, 61-104.
44. Blumstein, A., & Cohen, J. (1980). Sentencing of convicted offenders: An analysis of the public's views. Law and Society Review, 14, 223-261.
45. Bodenhausen, G., & Lichtenstein, M. (1987). Social stereotypes and informationprocessing strategies: The impact of task complexity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 267-282.
46. Borg, M. J. (1997). The southern subculture of punitiveness? Regional variation in support for capital punishment. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 34, 24-45.
47. Borg, M. J. (1998). Vicarious homicide victimization and support for capital punishment. Criminology, 36, 537-568.
48. Bornstein, B. H. (1999). The ecological validity of jury simulations: Is the jury still out? Law and Human Behavior, 23, 75-91.
49. Bornstein, B. H. (2006). Judges vs. juries. Court Review, 43, 56-58.
50. Bornstein, B. H., & McCabe, S. G. (2005). Jurors of the absurd? The role of consequentiality in jury simulation research. Florida State University Law Review, 32, 443-467.
51. Bornstein, B. H., & Miller, M. K. (2005). Does religion predict juror decisions? Implications for peremptory challenges. APA Monitor, 36, 92.
52. Bornstein, B. H., Miller, M. K., Nemeth, R. J., Page, G. L., & Musil, S. M. (2005). Juror reactions to jury duty: Perceptions of the system and potential stressors. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 23, 321-346.
53. Bost, T. G., & Perrin, L. T. (2005). Practicing law as a Christian: Restoration movement perspectives. Pepperdine Law Review, 32, 419-437.
54. Bratton, A. J. (2007, September 21). "God" gets an attorney in lawsuit. Associated Press. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from .
55. Breen, J. M. (2006). The Catholic lawyer: "Faith" in three parts. Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy, 20, 431-441.
56. Brent, J. C. (1999). An agent and two principals: U.S. Court of Appeals responses to Employment Division, Department of Human Resources v. Smith and the Religious Freedom Restoration Act. American Politics Quarterly, 27, 236-266.
57. Britt, C. L. (1998). Race, religion and support for the death penalty: A research note. Justice Quarterly, 15, 175-191.
58. Brooks, E. A. (1999). Thou shalt not quote the Bible: Determining the propriety of attorney use of religious philosophy and themes in oral arguments. Georgia Law Review, 33, 1113-1180.
59. Bruce, S. (2003). Politics and religion. Cambridge, U.K.: Polity Press.
60. Bullis, R. K. (1991). The spiritual healing "defense" in criminal prosecutions for crimes against children. Child Welfare, 70, 541-555.
61. Burt, C. (2006, May 25). Cold Bay 'heaven' for three children. Oakland Tribune. Retrieved May 21, 2007, from .
62. Burt, R. A. (1988). Two Jewish justices: Outcasts in the promised land. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
63. Burtchaell, J. T. (1998). The dying of the light: The disengagement of colleges and universities from their Christian churches. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans.
64. Butler, B. (2007). The role of death qualification in capital trials involving juvenile defendants. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37, 549-560.
65. Buzzard, L. R. (1995). A Christian law school: Images and vision. Marquette Law Review, 78, 267-282.
66. Capehart, J. (2007). Michael Vick's self-defeat. Retrieved November 22, 2008 from .
67. Carter, S. L. (1989). The religiously devout judge. Notre Dame Law Review, 64, 932-943.
68. Carter, S. L. (1998). All that we do.... In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd (Eds.), Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 3-10). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
69. Cartwright, R. E. (1977). Jury selection. Trial, 13, 29-31.
70. Cascarelli, J. C. (2000). The Catholic's role in the legal profession in republican government. Catholic Lawyer, 39, 291-316.
71. The case of the Taliban American (n.d.). CNN.com. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
72. Casson, A. K., & Curran, R. F. (1984). Secular orthodoxy and sacred freedoms: Accreditation of church-related law schools. Journal of College and University Law, 11, 293-322.
73. Castaneda, R. (2007, November 1). $11 million awarded in funeral protest suit. Washington Post. Retrieved August 22, 2008, from .
74. Chamberlain, J., Miller, M. K., & Jehle, A. (2006). Celebrities in the courtroom: Legal responses, psychological theory and empirical research. Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment and Technology Law, 8, 551-572.
75. Champagne, A., & Nagel, S. S. (1982). The psychology of judging. In N. L. Kerr & R. M Bray (Eds.), The psychology of the courtroom (pp. 257-283). New York: Academic Press.
76. Chase, H. W., Green, M. J., & Mollan, R. (1960, September 26). Catholics on the Court. New Republic, pp. 13-15.
77. Chavez, H. L., & Miller, M. K. (2008). Religious references in death sentence phases of trials: Two psychological theories that suggest judicial rulings and assumptions may affect jurors. Lewis & Clark Law Review.
78. Chermak, S., & Chapman, N. M. (2007). Predicting crime story salience: A replication. Journal of Criminal Justice, 35, 351-363.
79. Chopko, M. E. (1998). Public lives and private virtue. In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd (Eds.), Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 11-16). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
80. Church trial acquits gay pastor: Methodist clergy vote to keep lesbian minister (2004, March 21). CBSnews.com. Retrieved October 16, 2008, from .
81. Cohen, A. B., Malka, A., Rozin, P., & Cherfas, L. (2006). Religion and unforgivable offenses. Journal of Personality, 74, 85-117.
82. Collett, T. S. (2000). The king's servant, but God's first. South Texas Law Review, 41, 1277-1297.
83. Conkle, D. O. (1998a). Professing professionals: Christian pilots on the river of law. Catholic Lawyer, 38, 151-183.
84. Conkle, D. O. (1998b). Religiously devout judges: Issues of personal integrity and public benefit. Marquette Law Review, 81, 523-531.
85. Cook, K. J., & Powell, C. (2003). Christianity and punitive mentalities: A qualitative study. Crime, Law & Social Change, 39, 69-89.
86. Corbett, M., & Corbett, J. M. (1999). Politics and religion in the United States. New York: Garland.
87. Court: Bible in jury room was wrong, death sentence stands (2008, August 20). USAtoday.com. Retrieved October 27, 2008, from .
88. Court: Exorcism is protected by law (2008, June 28). MSNBC.com. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from .
89. Coyle, M. (2006, September 8). Judicial surveys vex the bench. National Law Journal. Retrieved September 8, 2006, from .
90. Crocker, C. B., & Kovera, M. B. (in press). In R. L. Wiener and B. H. Bornstein (Eds.), Trial consulting: A psychological handbook. New York: Springer.
91. Cromartie, J. L. (1998). Reflections on vocation, calling, spirituality and justice. In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd (Eds.), Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 139-146). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
92. Crump, D. (1998). Evidence, economics, and ethics: What information should jurors be given to determine the amount of a punitive-damage award? Maryland Law Review, 57, 174-235.
93. Daicoff, S. S. (2004). Lawyer, know thyself: A psychological analysis of personality strengths and weaknesses. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
94. Dane, F. C., & Wrightsman, L. S. (1982). Effects of defendants' and victims' characteristics on jurors' verdicts. In N. L. Kerr & R. M. Bray (Eds.), The psychology of the courtroom (pp. 83-115). New York: Academic Press.
95. Darrow, C. (1936, May). Attorney for the defense. Esquire, 5, 36.
96. Davis, R. (2005). Electing justice: Fixing the Supreme Court nomination process. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
97. Dawkins, R. (2006). The God delusion. London: Bantam Press.
98. Dembo, M. H., & McAuliffe, T. J. (1987). Effects of perceived ability and grade status on social interaction and influence in cooperative groups. Journal of Educational Psychology, 79, 415-423.
99. Dennett, D. C. (2006). Breaking the spell: Religion as a natural phenomenon. New York: Viking.
100. Descant, E. (2006, December 9). Defense calls for mistrial after Bible left in jury room. Dispatch Starkville Bureau. Retrieved May 18, 2007, from .
101. Deutsch, L. (2004, November 2). Questionnaires used to reduce jury pool in Robert Blake case. North County Times. Retrieved August 5, 2008, from .
102. Diamond, S. S. (1993). What jurors think: Expectations and reactions of citizens who serve as jurors. In R.E. Litan (Ed.), Verdict: Assessing the civil jury system (pp. 282-305). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
103. Dinovitzer, R. (2006). Social capital and constraints on legal careers. Law & Society Review, 40, 445-479.
104. DiSalvo, C. R., & Droel, W. L. (1998). Reflections on the contents of the lawyer's work: Three models of spirituality-and our struggle with them. In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd (Eds.), Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 127-138). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
105. Dlouhy, J. A. (2003, August 2). Religion takes center stage in fight over judicial nominees. CQ Weekly, 61, 1964-1965.
106. Dobner, J. (2008, November 12). Judge OKs new mental test in Elizabeth Smart case. USA Today. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from .
107. Dobranski, B. (2002). New lawyers for a new century-legal excellence and moral clarity: The founding of Ave Maria School of Law. University of Toledo Law Review, 34, 55-64.
108. Dolbee, S., Sauer, M., & Krasnowski, M. (2007, July 15). Los Angeles archdiocese will settle abuse suits. San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved September 19, 2008, from .
109. Dorf, M. C. (2005, April 27). Why Al Qaeda conspirator Zacarias Moussaoui's guilty plea probably won't save his life. FindLaw.com. Retrieved August 5, 2008, from .
110. Dressler, J. (2007). Cases and materials on criminal law (4th ed.). St. Paul, MN: West.
111. Drinan, R. F. (2000). Religious organizations and the death penalty. William and Mary Bill of Rights Journal, 9, 171-177.
112. Droel, W. L. (1989). The spirituality of work: Lawyers. Chicago: ACTA Publications.
113. Duffy, B. C. (1997). Prosecutors' use of religious arguments in the sentencing phase of capital cases. Vanderbilt Law Review, 50, 1335-1385.
114. Duin, J. (2008, October 26). Episcopal Church losing members. The Washington Times. Retrieved October 28, 2008, from .
115. Ebrahim, M. (2006, May/June). The Bible bench. Mother Jones, 31(3), 54-57, 81-83.
116. Echols, M. (2005). Is the courtroom the right place for religion? Difficulties in restricting religious arguments during the sentencing phase of Pennsylvania death penalty cases: Commonwealth v. Spotz. University of West Los Angeles Law Review, 36, 254-269.
117. Eck, D. L. (2001). A new religious America: How a "Christian country" has now become the world's most religiously diverse nation. San Francisco: HarperCollins.
118. Edwards, D. (1998). Reflections on three stories: "Practicing" law and Christianity at the same time. In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd (Eds.), Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 17-27). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
119. Egland, T. T. (2004). Prejudiced by the presence of God: Keeping religious material out of death penalty deliberations. Capital Defense Journal, 16, 337-366.
120. Eisenberg, D., Thomas, C. B., Calabresi, M., Novak, V., Steptoe, S., Padgett, T., & Tortora, A. (2005, May 23). The posse in the pulpit. Time, 165(21), 32-33.
121. Eisenberg, H. B. (1998-1999). Mission, marketing, and academic freedom in today's religiously affiliated law schools: An essay. Regent University Law Review, 11, 1-16.
122. Eisenberg, T., Garvey, S. P., & Wells, M. T. (2001). Forecasting life and death: Juror race, religion, and attitude toward the death penalty. Journal of Legal Studies, 30, 277-311.
123. Elkins, J. R. (1987). Reflections on the religion called legal education. Journal of Legal Education, 37, 522-528.
124. Ellison, C. G. (1991). An eye for an eye? A note on the southern subculture of violence thesis. Social Forces, 69, 1223-1241.
125. Ellison, C. G., & Sherkat, D. E. (1993). Conservative Protestantism and support for corporal punishment. American Sociological Review, 58, 131-144.
126. Epstein, S. (1990). Cognitive-experiential self-theory. In L. Pervin (Ed.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp. 165-192). New York: Guilford.
127. Epstein, S. (1994). Integration of the cognitive and the psychodynamic unconscious. American Psychologist, 49, 709-724.
128. Eric Rudolph gets life without parole (2005, July 18). Fox News. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
129. Evans, T. D., & Adams, M. (2003). Salvation or damnation?: Religion and correctional ideology. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 28, 15-36.
130. Everson, G. (1919). The human element in justice. Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology, 10, 90-94.
131. Failinger, M., Allegretti, J., Emmerich, C., Kaliff, M., Quraishi, A., Reber, R., & Schorr, N. H. (1999). Panel discussion: Models of successful "religion and lawyering" programs. Fordham Urban Law Journal, 26, 917-960.
132. Falbo, T., New, B. L., & Gaines, M. (1987). Perceptions of authority and power strategies used by clergymen. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 26, 499-507.
133. Feather, N. T., & Atchison, L. (1998). Reactions to an offence in relation to the status and perceived moral character of the offender. Australian Journal of Psychology, 50, 119-127.
134. Feldman, S. M. (2006). Empiricism, religion, and judicial decision-making. William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal, 15, 43-57.
135. Finamore, F., & Carlson, J. M. (1987). Religiosity, belief in a just world, and crime control attitudes. Psychological Reports, 61, 135-138.
136. Finkel, N. J. (1995). Commonsense justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
137. Finkel, N. J. (2001). When principles collide in hard cases: A commonsense moral analysis. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7, 515-560.
138. Fischer, H. (2008, August 1). Ruling: No religious right to marijuana. AZstarnet.com. Retrieved October 16, 2008, from .
139. Fitzgerald, J. J. (2001). Today's Catholic law schools in theory and practice: Are we preserving our identity? Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy, 15, 245-306.
140. Fitzgerald, R., & Ellsworth, P. C. (1984). Due process v. crime control: Death qualification and jury attitudes. Law and Human Behavior, 8, 31-51.
141. Flanagan, T. J., & Jamieson, K. M. (1988). Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics-1987. U.S. Department of Justice. Washington D.C.: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
142. Flowers, R. B. (1993). Government accommodation of religious-based conscientious objection. Seton Hall Law Review, 24, 695-736.
143. Flowers, R. B. (2007). That Godless court? Supreme Court decisions on church-state relationships (2nd ed.). Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press.
144. Foley, L. A., & Pigott, M. A. (1997). The influence of forepersons and nonforepersons on mock jury decisions. American Journal of Forensic Psychology, 15, 15-17.
145. Former klansman found guilty of manslaughter: Conviction coincides with 41st Anniversary of civil rights killings (2005, June 22). CNN.com. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
146. Frawley-O'Dea, M. G. (2007). Perversion of power: Sexual abuse in the Catholic Church. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press.
147. Frawley-O'Dea, M. G., & Goldner, V. (2007). Abusive priests: Who they were and were not. In M. G. Frawley-O'Dea & V. Goldner (Eds.), Predatory priests, silenced victims: The sexual abuse crisis and the Catholic Church (pp. 21-34). Mahwah, NJ: The Analytic Press.
148. Fred, M. A. (1998). Yerwal religion. Journal of Legal Education, 48, 140-144.
149. Fukuno, M., & Ohbuchi, K. (1998). How effective are different accounts of harm-doing in softening victim's reactions? A scenario investigation of the effects of severity, relationship, and culture. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 1, 167-178.
150. Fulero, S. M., & Penrod, S. D. (1990). Attorney jury selection folklore: What do they think and how can psychologists help? Forensic Reports, 9, 233-259.
151. Funeral war pickets lose verdict (2007, October 31). MSNBC.com. Retrieved August 22, 2008, from .
152. Gaffney, E. M. (1986). Biblical law and the first year curriculum of American legal education. Journal of Law and Religion, 4, 63-95.
153. Galanter, M. (1990). The civil jury as regulator of the litigation process. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1990, 201-271.
154. Galanter, M. (1999). A vocation for law? American Jewish lawyers and their antecedents. Fordham Urban Law Journal, 26, 1125-1147.
155. Galanter, M. (2004). The vanishing trial: An examination of trials and related matters in federal and state courts. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 1, 459-570.
156. Galanter, M., & Luban, D. (1993). Poetic justice: Punitive damages and legal pluralism. American University Law Review, 42, 1393-1463.
157. Galanter, M., & Palay, T. (1991). Tournament of lawyers: The transformation of the big law firm. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
158. Garvey, J. H., & Coney, A. B. (1998). Catholic judges in capital cases. Marquette Law Review, 81, 303-341.
159. Gaudet, F. J. (1938/1964). Individual differences in the sentencing tendencies of judges. In G. Schubert (Ed.), Judicial behavior: A reader in theory and research (pp. 352-367). Chicago: Rand McNally & Co.
160. George, T. E. (2001). Court fixing. Arizona Law Review, 43, 9-62.
161. George, T. E., & Epstein, L. (1992). On the nature of Supreme Court decision making. American Political Science Review, 86, 323-337.
162. Gerdy, K. B. (2006). "The irresistible force meets the immovable object": When antidiscrimination standards and religious belief collide in ABA-accredited law schools. Oregon Law Review, 85, 943-991.
163. Giles, M., & Walker, T. (1975). Judicial policy-making and southern school segregation. Journal of Politics, 37, 917-936.
164. Ginsburg, R. B. (1994). Introduction. In J. M. Lowe (Ed.), The Jewish justices of the Supreme Court revisited: Brandeis to Fortas (pp. 3-4). Washington, DC: The Supreme Court Historical Society.
165. Glickstein, H. A. (1995). A Jewish-sponsored law school: Its purposes and challenges. Marquette Law Review, 78, 481-486.
166. "God" responds to legislator's lawsuit (2007, November 28). CNN.com. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from .
167. Goldman, S. (1966). Voting behavior on the United States Courts of Appeals, 1961-1964. American Political Science Review, 60, 374-383.
168. Goldman, S. (1975). Voting behavior on the United States Courts of Appeals revisited. American Political Science Review, 69, 491-506.
169. Goldman, S. (1997). Picking federal judges: Lower court selection from Roosevelt through Reagan. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
170. Goldstein, I. (1935). Trial technique. Chicago: Callaghan.
171. Gonzales, M. H., Haugen, J. A., & Manning, D. J. (1994). Victims as "narrative critics": Factors influencing rejoinders and evaluative responses to offenders' accounts. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 691-704.
172. Gonzalez, R. A. (1996). Climbing the ladder of success: My spiritual journal. Texas Tech Law Review, 27, 1139-1157.
173. Gonzalez-Perez, M. (2001). A model of decisionmaking in capital juries. International Social Science Review, 76, 79-91.
174. Goode, B. P. (2003-2004). Religion, politics, race and ethnicity: The range and limits of voir dire. Kentucky Law Journal, 92, 601-712.
175. Grasmick, H. G., Bursik, R. J., & Blackwell, B. S. (1993). Religious beliefs and public support for the death penalty for juveniles and adults. Journal of Crime and Justice, 16, 59-86.
176. Grasmick, H. G., Bursik, R. J., & Kimpel, M. (1991). Protestant fundamentalism and attitudes toward corporal punishment of children. Violence and Victims, 6, 283-298.
177. Grasmick, H. G., Cochran, J. K., Bursik, R. J., & Kimpel, M. L. (1993). Religion, punitive justice and support for the death penalty. Justice Quarterly, 10, 289-314.
178. Grasmick, H. G., Davenport, E., Chamlin, M. G., & Bursik, R. J. (1992). Protestant fundamentalism and the retributive doctrine of punishment. Criminology, 30, 21-45.
179. Grasmick, H. G., & McGill, A. L. (1994). Religion attribution style, and punitiveness towards juvenile offenders. Criminology, 32, 23-46.
180. Grasmick, H. G., Morgan, C. S., & Kennedy, M. B. (1992). Support for corporal punishment in the schools: Comparison of the effects of S.E.S. and religion. Social Science Quarterly, 73, 177-187.
181. Green, E. (1964). Judicial attitudes in sentencing. In G. Schubert (Ed.), Judicial behavior: A reader in theory and research (pp. 368-388). Chicago: Rand McNally & Co.
182. Greenawalt, K. (1995). Private consciences and public reasons. New York: Oxford.
183. Greenawalt, K. (1998). Judicial resolution of issues about religion conviction. Marquette Law Review, 81, 461-472.
184. Greene, E., & Bornstein, B. H. (2003). Determining damages: The psychology of jury awards. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
185. Greene, E., & Dodge, M. (1995). The influence of prior record evidence on juror decision-making. Law and Human Behavior, 19, 67-78.
186. Greene, E., Heilbrun, K., Fortune, W. H., & Nietzel, M. T. (2007). Wrightsman's psychology and the legal system (6th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth.
187. Greene, E., & Wrightsman, L. (2003). Decision making by juries and judges: International perspectives. In D. Carson & R. Bull (Eds.), Handbook of psychology in legal contexts (2nd ed., pp. 401-422). Chichester, England: Wiley.
188. Greer, T., Berman, M., Varan, V., Bobrycki, L., & Watson, S. (2005). We are a religious people; We are a vengeful people. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 44, 45-57.
189. Griffen, W. L. (1998). The case for religious values in judicial decision-making. Marquette Law Review, 81, 513-519.
190. Grinberg, E. (2005, July 15). Teens in satanist case enter plea. CNN.com. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
191. Gross, S. R., & Syverud, K. D. (1996). Don't try: Civil jury verdicts in a system geared to settlement. UCLA Law Review, 44, 1-64.
192. Hadfield, G. K. (2004). Where have all the trials gone? Settlements, nontrial adjudications, and statistical artifacts in the changing disposition of federal civil cases. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 1, 705-734.
193. Hagan, J., Huxter, M., & Parker, P. (1988). Class structure and legal practice: Inequality and mobility among Toronto lawyers. Law & Society Review, 22, 9-55.
194. Hall, D. (2005). The spiritual revitalization of the legal profession: A search for sacred rivers. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press.
195. Hall, M. G., & Brace, P. (1992). Toward an integrated model of judicial voting behavior. American Politics Quarterly, 20, 147-168.
196. Hamburger, P. A. (1993). Natural rights, natural law, and American constitutions. Yale Law Journal, 102, 907-960.
197. Hamilton, M. (2004, July 29). The marriage debate and polygamy: Several Utah cases challenge whether anti-polygamy laws are constitutional. FindLaw.com. Retrieved September 19, 2008, from .
198. Hans, V. P., & Lofquist, W. S. (1992). Jurors' judgments of business liability in tort cases: Implications for the litigation explosion debate. Law and Society Review, 26, 85-115.
199. Hans, V. P., & Lofquist, W. S. (1994). Perceptions of civil justice: The litigation crisis attitudes of civil jurors. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 12, 181-196.
200. Hans, V. P., & Vidmar, N. (1986). Judging the jury. New York: Plenum Press.
201. Harrington, D. C., & Dempsey, J. (1969). Psychological factors in jury selection. Tennessee Law Review, 37, 173-178.
202. Harris, P. W. (1986). Over-simplification and error in public opinion surveys on capital punishment. Justice Quarterly, 3, 429-455.
203. Hastie, R., Penrod, S., & Pennington, N. (1983). Inside the jury. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
204. Heinz, J. P., & Laumann, E. O. (1982). Chicago lawyers: The social structure of the bar. New York: Russell Sage Foundation & Chicago: American Bar Foundation.
205. Heinz, J. P., Nelson, R. L., Sandefur, R. L., & Laumann, E. O. (2005). Urban lawyers: The new social structure of the bar. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
206. Heinz, J. P., Paik, A., & Southworth, A. (2003). Lawyers for conservative causes: Clients, ideology, and social distance. Law & Society Review, 37, 5-50.
207. Heinz, J. P., Schnorr, P. S., Laumann, E. O., & Nelson, R. L. (2001). Lawyers' roles in voluntary associations: Declining social capital? Law & Social Inquiry, 26, 597-629.
208. Helgeson, V. C., & Shaver, K. G. (1990). Presumption of innocence: Congruence bias induced and overcome. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 20, 276-302.
209. Heller, R. (2008). Passage of Prop. 8 reveals rift between denominations. The Jewish Journal. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from .
210. Henson, M. (2001). Carruthers v. State: Thou shalt not make direct religious references in closing arguments. Mercer Law Review, 52, 731-744.
211. Hepburn, J. R. (1980). The objective reality of evidence and the utility of systematic verdicts. Law and Human Behavior, 4, 89-102.
212. Hindelang, M. J. (1974). Public opinion regarding crime, criminal justice, and related topics. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 21, 101-116.
213. Hitchcock, J. (2004). The Supreme Court and religion in American life (Vols. 1 & 2). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
214. Honeymar, M. G. (1997). Alcoholics Anonymous as a condition of drunk driving probation: When does it amount to establishment of religion? Columbia Law Review, 97, 437-472.
215. Horowitz, I. A., Kerr, N. L., & Niedermeier, K. E. (2002). The law's quest for impartiality: Juror nullification. Brooklyn Law Review, 66, 1207-1256.
216. Horowitz, I. A., Kerr, N. L., Park, E. S., & Gockel, C. (2006). Chaos in the courtroom reconsidered: Emotional bias and juror nullification. Law and Human Behavior, 30, 163-181.
217. Horrigan, D. (2002, August 19). Answering to a higher calling: A religious practice. National Law Journal, 24(48), p. C4.
218. Hotakainen, R. (2007, October 30). Antigay church revels in trial publicity. Lincoln Journal Star, p. 8A.
219. Howard, W. G., & Redfering, D. (1983). The dynamics of jury decision-making: A case study. Social Behavior and Personality, 11, 83-89.
220. Huff, T. P. (1986). A heresy in the ordinary religion: Jurisprudence in the first year curriculum. Journal of Legal Education, 36, 108-116.
221. Idleman, S. C. (1993). The role of religious values in judicial decisionmaking. Indiana Law Journal, 68, 433-487.
222. Idleman, S. C. (1998). The limits of religious values in judicial decisionmaking. Marquette Law Review, 81, 537-565.
223. Idleman, S. C. (2005). The concealment of religious values in judicial decisionmaking. Virginia Law Review, 91, 515-534.
224. Ignagni, J. A. (1993). U.S. Supreme Court decision-making and the Free Exercise Clause. Review of Politics, 55, 511-529.
225. Jaasma, K. (1995). The religious freedom restoration act: Responding to Smith; reconsidering Reynolds. Whittier Law Review, 16, 211-300.
226. James, W. (1902). The varieties of religious experience. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press (republished 1985).
227. Jenkins, M., Moore, B., Lambert, E., & Clarke, A. (2005). DUI treatment programs and religious freedom: Does Cutter v. Wilkinson change the analysis? University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class, 5, 351-385.
228. John Jay College of Criminal Justice. (2004). The nature and scope of the problem of sexual abuse of minors by Catholic priests and deacons in the United States. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Retrieved October 28, 2008, from .
229. John the Evangelist? The church-state divide. (2005, August 27). The Economist, 376(8441), 25-26.
230. Johnson, S. D. (1985). Religion as a defense in a mock-jury trial. Journal of Social Psychology, 125, 213-220.
231. Jones, C., & Aronson, E. (1973). Attribution of fault to a rape victim as a function of respectability of the victim. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 26, 415-419.
232. Judge gives offenders option of church (2005, May 31). Boston Globe. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
233. Juror: Sympathy spared Nichols (2004, June 15). CNN.com. Retrieved April 23, 2005, from .
234. Jury finds Yates not guilty by reason of insanity (2006, July 27). USA Today. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from .
235. Jury prayer didn't violate killer's rights: Judge rules rapist-murderer isn't entitled to resentencing (2004, March 30). Toledo Blade. Retrieved April 4, 2004, from .
236. Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
237. Karfunkel, T., & Ryley, T. W. (1978). The Jewish seat: Anti-Semitism and the appointment of Jews to the Supreme Court. Hicksville, NY: Exposition Press.
238. Kaufman, A. L. (1994). Benjamin N. Cardozo, Sephardic Jew. In J. M. Lowe (Ed.), The Jewish justices of the Supreme Court revisited: Brandeis to Fortas (pp. 35-59). Washington, DC: The Supreme Court Historical Society.
239. Kellstedt, L. A. (1989). The meaning and measurement of evangelicalism: Problems and prospects. In T. G. Jelen (Ed.), Religion and political behavior in the United States (pp. 3-21). Westport, CT: Praeger.
240. Kelly, M. J. (2007). Lives of lawyers revisited: Transformation and resilience in the organizations of practice. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
241. Kerr, N. L., Hymes, R. W., Anderson, A. B., & Weathers, J. E. (1995). Defendant-juror similarity and mock juror judgments. Law and Human Behavior, 19, 545-567.
242. Klein, A. L. (1976). Changes in leadership appraisal as a function of the stress of a simulated panic situation. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 34, 1143-1154.
243. Knee, J. A. (1993, August 16). Ginsburg's ascent heralds death of the "Jewish seat." New Jersey Law Journal, 134(16), p. 17.
244. Kosmin, B. A., Mayer, E., & Keysar, A. (2001). American religious identification survey, 2001. Retrieved March 26, 2008, from City University of New York, The Graduate Center Web site: .
245. Krakauer, J. (2003). Under the banner of heaven: A story of violent faith. New York: Doubleday.
246. Kramer, G. P., Kerr, N. L., & Carroll, J. S. (1990). Pretrial publicity, judicial remedies, and jury bias. Law and Human Behavior, 14, 409-438.
247. Kravets, D. (2006, May 18). U.S. judge did not call for Jews to be kept off death penalty jury, justices say. Findlaw.com. Retrieved June 12, 2006, from .
248. Kraybill, D. B., Nolt, S. M., & Weaver-Zercher, D. L. (2007). Amish grace: How forgiveness transcended tragedy. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
249. Kressel, J. J., & Kressel, D. F. (2002). Stack and sway: The new science of jury consulting. Cambridge, MA: Westview Press.
250. Kuljol, K. L. (2002). Where did Florida go wrong? Why religion-based peremptory challenges withstand constitutional scrutiny. Stetson Law Review, 32, 171-203.
251. L.A. Archdiocese to settle suits for $660 million (2007, July 14). MSNBC.com. Retrieved September 19, 2008, from .
252. Lambert, W. W., Triandis, L. M., & Wolf, M. (1959). Some correlates of beliefs in the malevolence and benevolence of super natural being: A cross cultural study. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 48, 162-169.
253. Larson, E. J. (1997). Summer for the Gods: The Scopes trial and America's continuing debate over science and religion. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
254. Lee, R. E. (1995). Today's religious law school: Challenges and opportunities. Marquette Law Review, 78, 255-265.
255. Lee, R. (1998-1999). Faith through lawyering: Finding and doing what is mine to do. Regent University Law Review, 11, 71-135.
256. Leiber, M. J., & Woodrick, A. C. (1997). Religious beliefs, attributional styles, and adherence to correctional orientation. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 24, 495-511.
257. Leiber, M. J., Woodrick, A. C., & Rhoudebush, E. M. (1995). Religion, discriminatory attitudes and the orientations of juvenile justice personnel: A research note. Criminology, 33, 431-449.
258. Lena, H. F., Roach, S. L., & Warkov, S. (1993). Professional status at midcareer: The influence of social and academic origins on lawyers' achievement. Sociological Forum, 8, 365-382.
259. Lesnick, H. (2003). No other Gods: Answering the call of faith in the practice of law. Journal of Law and Religion, 18, 459-485.
260. Levine, S. J. (1996). The broad life of the Jewish lawyer: Integrating spirituality, scholarship and profession. Texas Tech Law Review, 27, 1199-1210.
261. Levine, S. J. (2006). A look at American legal practice through a perspective of Jewish law, ethics, and tradition: A conceptual overview. Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy, 20, 11-26.
262. Levinson, S. (1990). The confrontation of religious faith and civil religion: Catholics becoming justices. DePaul Law Review, 39, 1047-1081. Reprinted in S. Levinson (2003). Wrestling with diversity (pp. 192-232). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
263. Levinson, S. (1993). Identifying the Jewish lawyer: Reflections of the construction of professional identity. Cardozo Law Review, 14, 1577-1612. Reprinted in S. Levinson (2003). Wrestling with diversity (pp. 124-162). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
264. Levinson, S. (2006). Is it possible to have a serious discussion about religious commitment and judicial responsibilities? University of St. Thomas Law Journal, 4, 280-295.
265. Lewis, N. A. (2007, June 14). Justice Dept. reshapes its civil rights mission. New York Times. Retrieved May 9, 2008, from .
266. Lichtblau, E. (2008, July 29). Report faults aides in hiring at Justice Department. New York Times. Retrieved October 10, 2008, from .
267. Lieberman, J., & Sales, B. (2006). Scientific jury selection. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
268. Lin, A. (2005). Can the "Jewish law firm" success story be duplicated? New York Law Journal. Retrieved on May 17, 2006, from .
269. Lind, E. A., & Tyler, T. R. (1988). The social psychology of procedural justice. New York: Plenum.
270. Lindsay, S. (2003, May 24). Harlan's sentence tossed: Killer's death penalty thrown out because jurors used Bible. Rocky Mountain News, p. 4A.
271. Lindsey, S. C., Miller, M. K., Hayward, R. D., Jehle, A., Singer, J. A., & Summers, A. (2008). How attorneys can use religion to be more effective at trial. The Jury Expert, 20(2), 33-50.
272. Linowitz, S. M., & Mayer, M. (1994). The betrayed profession: Lawyering at the end of the twentieth century. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
273. Liptak, A. (2004, November 22). Giving the law a religious perspective. New York Times. Retrieved April 30, 2008, from .
274. Lithwick, D. (2002). Justice Salia vs. the Pope: Should every Catholic judge in America quit? Slate. Retrieved January 22, 2008 from .
275. Litowitz, D. (2006). The destruction of young lawyers: Beyond One L. Akron, OH: University of Akron Press.
276. Loeffler, R. L., & Lawson, T. J. (2002). Age and occupational status of defendant in relation to mock juror sentencing recommendations. Current Psychology: Developmental, Learning, Personality, Social, 21, 289-292.
277. Loewy, A. H. (2000). Religious neutrality and the death penalty. William and Mary Bill of Rights Journal, 9, 191-200.
278. Lubet, S. (2004). Modern trial advocacy: Analysis and practice (3rd ed.). USA: National Institute for Trial Advocacy.
279. Lupfer, M. B., & Gingrich, B. E. (1999). When bad (good) things happen to good (bad) people: The impact of character appraisal and perceived controllability on judgments of deservingness. Social Justice Research, 12, 165-188.
280. Luscri, G., & Mohr, P. B. (1998). Surname effects in judgments of mock jurors. Psychological Reports, 82, 1023-1026.
281. Lutherans to allow pastors in gay relationships (2007, August 11). Reuters. Retrieved October 16, 2008, from
282. MacLean, P. A. (2005, May 2). Judge's religious ties issue in fight over paper: As trio vies for paper, a judge's involvement with Mormon church raised. National Law Journal, 27(34), p. 6, col. 1.
283. Mansfield, D. (2008, July 28). Police: Man shot churchgoers over liberal views. Associated Press. Retrieved August 5, 2008, from .
284. Mansfield, J. H. (2004). Peremptory challenges to jurors based upon or affecting religion. Seaton Hall Law Review, 34, 435-473.
285. Margolick, D. (1994, February 4). At the bar; more than a century after its founding, a new honorific at the A.B.A.: Madam President. New York Times. Retrieved June 4, 2008, from .
286. Markon, J. (2005, November 29). Moussaoui's prosecutors draft slew of questions for jury pool. Washingtonpost.com. Retrieved May 31, 2007, from .
287. Marques, J., & Yzerbyt, V. (1988). The black sheep effect: Judgmental extremity towards ingroup members in inter-and intragroup situations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18, 287-292.
288. Marty, M. E. (2005). The religious foundations of law. Emory Law Journal, 54, 291-323.
289. Marty, M. E. (2007). Foreword. In R.J. Moore, Suing for America's soul: John Whitehead, the Rutherford Institute, and conservative Christians in the courts. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
290. Massaro, J. (1990). Supremely political: The role of ideology and presidential management in unsuccessful Supreme Court nominations. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
291. Matheny, T. H. (1998). My faith and my law. In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd, Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 66-73). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
292. Mathis, A. B. (2004). Judges, thou shall not use thine own religion in thy opinions. Mississippi College Law Review, 23, 131-155.
293. Mauet, T. A. (2002). Trial techniques (6th ed.). USA: Aspen Publishing.
294. Mazzella, R., & Feingold, A. (1994). The effects of physical attractiveness, race, socioeconomic status, and gender of defendants and victims on judgments of mock jurors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 1315-1344.
295. McConnell, M. W. (2000). The problem of singling out religion. DePaul Law Review, 50, 1-28.
296. McDonough, M. (2006). No more excuses. Indiana among several states to cut jury duty exemptions. ABA Journal E-Report, 5, 3-4.
297. McFarland, S. (1989). Religious orientation and the targets of discrimination. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 28, 324-336.
298. McGraw, S. L., & Foley, L. A. (2000). Perceptions of insanity based on occupation of defendant and seriousness of crime. Psychological Reports, 86, 163-174.
299. McMurry, K. (1998). Balancing scales: Small firms seek diversity. Trial, 34, 12-16.
300. McNeil, H. L. (1996). Problems identified: The bar surveys. In J. R. Simmons (Ed.), Life, law and the pursuit of balance: A lawyer's guide to quality of life (pp. 9-15). Phoenix, AZ: Maricopa County Bar Association.
301. McNulty, P. J., Spencer, R. A., Novak, D. J., & Raskin, D. (2005, November 28). Government's proposed jury questionnaire: U.S. v. Zacarias Moussaoui. Retrieved May 31, 2007, from .
302. Mega-preacher's wife sued over loss of faith (2008, August 7). CNN.com. Retrieved August 7, 2008, from l.
303. Merkin, N. (2001). Getting rid of sinners may be expensive: A suggested approach to torts related to religious shunning under the Free Exercise Clause. Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems, 34, 369-403.
304. Merrick, J. C. (1994). Christian Science healing of minor children: Spiritual exemption statutes, First Amendment rights, and fair notice. Issues in Law & Medicine, 10, 321-342.
305. Merz, M. R. (2004). Conscience of a Catholic judge. University of Dayton Law Review, 29, 305-318.
306. Michaelson, J. (2006, November 3). Two lawyers, three opinions: On the Jewishness of law, and vice versa. The Jewish Daily Forward. Retrieved May 9, 2008, from .
307. Miller, J. T. (1999). Free exercise v. legal ethics: Can a religious lawyer discriminate in choosing clients? Georgetown Journal of Legal Ethics, 13, 161-182.
308. Miller, M. K. (2006). Religion in criminal justice. New York: LFB Publishing.
309. Miller, M. K., & Bornstein, B. H. (2004). Juror stress: Causes and interventions. Thurgood Marshall Law Review, 30, 237-269.
310. Miller, M. K., & Bornstein, B. H. (2005). Religious appeals in closing arguments: Impermissible input or benign banter? Law and Psychology Review, 29, 29-61.
311. Miller, M. K., & Bornstein, B. H. (2006). The use of religion in death penalty sentencing trials. Law and Human Behavior, 30, 675-684.
312. Miller, M. K., & Dolson, S. (in press). Two studies test the effects of religious hallucinations on perceptions of insanity. In F. Columbus (Ed.), Religion and psychology. Hauppauge, NY: Nova.
313. Miller, M. K., Greene, E., Dietrich, H., Chamberlain, J. C., & Singer, J. A. (2008). How emotion affects the trial process. Judicature, 92, 56-64.
314. Miller, M. K., & Hayward, R. D. (2008). Religious characteristics and the death penalty. Law and Human Behavior, 32, 113-123.
315. Miller, M. K., Jehle, A., & Summers, A. (2007). From Kobe Bryant to Saddam Hussein: A descriptive examination and psychological analysis of how religion likely affected twentyfive recent high-profile trials. Florida Coastal Law Review, 9, 1-33.
316. Miller, M. K., Lindsey, S. C., & Shamblin, S. (2008). How a prisoner's religious conversion affects release decisions of actual and mock parole board members. Unpublished manuscript.
317. Miller, M. K., Singer, J., & Jehle, A. (2008). Identification of circumstances under which religion affects each stage of the trial process. Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, 4, 135-171.
318. Mills, C., & Bohannan, W. (1980). Juror characteristics: To what extent are they related to jury verdicts? Judicature, 64, 23-31.
319. Modak-Truran, M. C. (2004). Reenchanting the law: The religious dimension of judicial decision making. Catholic University Law Review, 53, 709-800.
320. Montz, C. L. (2001). Why lawyers continue to cross the line in closing arguments: Examination of federal and state cases. Ohio Northern University Law Review, 28, 67-131.
321. Moore, R. J. (2007). Suing for America's soul: John Whitehead, the Rutherford Institute, and conservative Christians in the courts. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
322. Moran, G., & Comfort, J. (1986). Neither "tentative" nor "fragmentary": Verdict preference of impaneled felony jurors as a function of attitude toward capital punishment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 146-155.
323. Murphy, D. E. (2005, March 16). Case stirs fight on Jews, juries, and execution. The New York Times, p. A1.
324. Murphy, W. F., Pritchett, C. H., Epstein, L., & Knight, J. (2006). Courts, judges, and politics: An introduction to the judicial process (6th ed.). Boston: McGraw Hill.
325. Murphy-Cowan, T., & Stringer, M. (2001). Religious affiliation and attitudes toward the use of corporal punishment in Northern Ireland. Irish Journal of Psychology, 22, 55-62.
326. Mushlin, M. B. (2007). Bound and gagged: The peculiar predicament of professional jurors. Yale Law and Policy Review, 25, 239-288.
327. Myers, R. S. (1991). The Supreme Court and the privatization of religion. Catholic University Law Review, 41, 19-80.
328. Nagel, S. S. (1964). The relationship between the political and ethnic affiliation of judges, and their decision-making. In G. Schubert (Ed.), Judicial behavior: A reader in theory and research (pp. 234-264). Chicago: Rand McNally & Co.
329. Nagel, S. S. (1969). The legal process from a behavioral perspective. Homewood, IL: Dorsey.
330. Nanda, V. P. (1996). Hinduism and my legal career. Texas Tech Law Review, 27, 1229-1235.
331. Nelson, J. F. (1996). The spiritual dimension of justice. Texas Tech Law Review, 27, 1237-1249.
332. Nelson, R. L. (1988). Partners with power: The social transformation of the large law firm. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
333. Niedermeier, K. E., Horowitz, I. A., & Kerr, N. L. (1999). Informing jurors of their nullification power: A route to a just verdict or judicial chaos? Law and Human Behavior, 23, 331-351.
334. Niedermeier, K. E., Horowitz, I. A., & Kerr, N. L. (2001). Exceptions to the rule: The effects of remorse, status, and gender on decision making. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 604-623.
335. Nisbett, R. E., & Wilson, T. D. (1977). Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review, 84, 231-259.
336. Nolt, S. M. (2007, October 2). Why the Amish forgave a killer. Retrieved October 16, 2008, from Goshen College Web site: .
337. North, G., & DeMar, G. (1991). Christian reconstruction: What it is. What it isn't. Tyler, TX: Institute for Christian Economics.
338. Nun asks to take back guilty plea (2008, July 23). KETV.com. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from .
339. Oakland mother convicted of second-degree murder (2007, January 17). Oakland Tribune. Retrieved May 20, 2007, from .
340. Ogletree, C. J. (1987). Reverend Moon and the Black Hebrews: Constitutional protection of a defendant's religion in criminal cases. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review, 22, 191-229.
341. Omaha nun sentenced to prison for theft (2008, July 11). KETV.com. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from .
342. O'Neil, K. M., Patry, M. W., & Penrod, S. D. (2004). Exploring the effects of attitudes toward the death penalty on capital sentencing verdicts. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 10, 443-470.
343. Osborn, R. L. (2006). Beliefs on the bench: Recusal for religious reasons and the model code of judicial conduct. Georgetown Journal of Legal Ethics, 19, 895-905.
344. Osler, M. (2005). The lawyer's humble walk. Pepperdine Law Review, 32, 483-496.
345. Osler, M. (2007). Christ, Christian and capital punishment. Baylor Law Review, 59, 1-40.
346. Ostrom, B. J., Strickland, S. M., & Hannaford-Agor, P. L. (2004). Examining trial trends in state courts: 1976-2002. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 1, 755-782.
347. Palazzolo, J. (2008, September 30). Mukasey appoints special prosecutor to investigate U.S. attorney firings. Law.com. Retrieved October 1, 2008, from .
348. Park, R. C. (1998). Character at the crossroads. Hastings Law Journal, 49, 717-779.
349. Parobek, J. (2006-2007). God v. the mitigation of damages doctrine: Why religion should be considered a pre-existing condition. Journal of Law and Health, 20, 107-138.
350. Parrish, M. E. (1994). Justice Frankfurter and the Supreme Court. In J. M. Lowe (Ed.), The Jewish justices of the Supreme Court revisited: Brandeis to Fortas (pp. 61-80). Washington, DC: The Supreme Court Historical Society.
351. Paxton, M. (2004). Gone fishin': A framing analysis of the fight over a small town's city seal. Journal of Media and Religion, 3, 43-55.
352. Pearce, R. G. (1996). The Jewish lawyer's question. Texas Tech Law Review, 27, 1259-1270.
353. Pearce, R. G. (1998). The religious lawyering movement: An emerging force in legal ethics and professionalism. Fordham Law Review, 66, 1075-1082.
354. Pearce, R. G. (2001). Faith and the lawyer's practice. St. John's Law Review, 75, 277-281.
355. Pearce, R. G., & Uelmen, A.J. (2004). Religious lawyering in a liberal democracy: A challenge and an invitation. Case Western Reserve Law Review, 55, 127-161.
356. Pearce, R. G., & Uelmen, A. J. (2005-2006). Religious lawyering's second wave. Journal of Law and Religion, 21, 269-281.
357. Perry, B. A. (1991). A "representative" Supreme Court? The impact of race, religion, and gender on appointments. New York: Greenwood Press.
358. Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. (2008). U.S. Religious landscape survey. Retrieved October 21, 2008, from .
359. Pfeifer, J. E. (1992). The psychological framing of cults: Schematic representations and cult evaluations. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 22, 531-544.
360. Pfeifer, J. E. (1999). Perceptual biases and mock juror decision making: Minority religions in court. Social Justice Research, 12, 409-419.
361. Pinello, D. R. (2003). Gay rights and American law. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
362. Plante, T. G. (2004a). Introduction. In T. G. Plante (Ed.), Sin against the innocents: Sexual abuse by priests and the role of the Catholic Church (pp. xvii-xxvii). Westport, CT: Praeger.
363. Plante, T. G. (2004b). Sin against the innocents: Sexual abuse by priests and the role of the Catholic Church. Westport, CT: Praeger.
364. Police: Teacher attacked over witch claim (2008, October 8). WDIV Detroit. Retrieved October 9, 2008, from .
365. Posey, A. J., & Wrightsman, L. S. (2005). Trial consulting. Oxford: Oxford Press.
366. Power, S. (2009). The enforcer: A Christian lawyer's global crusade. The New Yorker. Retrieved February 25, 2009 from .
367. Preacher killed wife, stuffed body in freezer, police say (2008, July 31). CNN.com. Retrieved August 5, 2008, from .
368. Pritchett, C. H. (1964). Division of opinion among Supreme Court justices. In G. Schubert (Ed.), Judicial behavior: A reader in theory and research (pp. 319-324). Chicago: Rand McNally & Co.
369. Prosecutors allege link between bomb defendant Rudolph and anti-abortion figure (2005, March 29). USA Today. Retrieved August 5, 2008, from .
370. Putney, S., & Middleton, R. (1961). Dimensions and correlates of religious ideologies. Social Forces, 39, 285-290.
371. Rader details how he killed 10 people: Killer had "sexual fantasies" while picking victims (2005, June 28). CNN.com. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
372. Raif, S. & Dean, N. (2005). Repentant shoebomber jailed for 13 years. The Press Association Limited. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, July 17, 2005.
373. Ramsay, M. (2007). The religious beliefs of tort victims: Religious thin skulls or failures of mitigation? Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence, 20, 399-427.
374. Reed, J. P. (1965). Jury deliberation, voting, and verdict trends. Southwest Social Science Quarterly, 45, 361-370.
375. Reynolds, D. (2004, August 20). Hemphill sentenced over boy's "exorcism" death. Inclusion Daily Express. Retrieved August 29, 2008, from .
376. Rhode, D. L. (2000). In the interests of justice: Reforming the legal profession. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
377. Rice, C. E. (1999, May/June). Being a Catholic lawyer today. Catholic Dossier. Retrieved September 19, 2006, from .
378. Richardson, J. T., & DeWitt, J. (1992). Christian Science spiritual healing, the law, and public opinions. Journal of Church and State, 34, 549-561.
379. Richey, W. (2008, October 7). Supreme Court lets stand death sentence after Bible reading. The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved October 27, 2008, from .
380. Riley, N. S. (2005). God on the quad: How religious colleges and the missionary generation are changing America. New York: St. Martin's Press.
381. Ringenberg, W. C. (2006). The Christian college: A history of Protestant higher education in America (2nd ed.). Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic.
382. Robbennolt, J. K. (2005). Evaluating juries by comparison to judges: A benchmark for judging? Florida State University Law Review, 32, 469-509.
383. Roberts, S. V. (1987, October 31). Ginsburg choice renews tension between factions in White House. New York Times. Retrieved February 28, 2008, from .
384. Robertson asks God to oust liberal justices. (2003, August 9). Christian Century, 120(16), p. 13.
385. Roche, T. (2002, March 18). Andrea Yates: More to the story. Time. Retrieved October 1, 2008, from .
386. Rogers, B., & Lezon, D. (2008, August 15). Megachurch pastor's wife wins case. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved August 25, 2008, from .
387. Romero, S. (2005). Scrushy: Finding religion or saving self? Retrieved November 22, 2008, from .
388. Rosoff, S. M. (1989). Physicians as criminal defendants: Specialty, sanctions, and status liability. Law and Human Behavior, 13, 231-236.
389. Rucker, B. (2007, April 10). Winkler jury selection focuses on abuse issues. Associated Press. Retrieved May 25, 2007, from .
390. Rudolph agrees to plea agreement: Deal would allow accused bomber to avoid death penalty (2005, April 8). CNN.com. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
391. Russell, J. J. (2004, April 4). Mental illness, bad religion a deadly mix for young mothers. San Antonio Express, p. 1H.
392. Russo, C. J., & Thro, W. E. (2007). The constitutional rights of politically incorrect groups: Christian Legal Society v. Walker as an illustration. Journal of College & University Law, 33, 361-386.
393. Ryan, H. (2004). Williams will not testify. Attorneys for ex-NBA star rest case. CNN.com. Retrieved July 18, 2005, from cnn.com/2004/law/04/01/jayson.williams/index.html.
394. Saakvitne, K. W., Tennen, H., & Affleck, G. (1998). Exploring thriving in the context of clinical trauma theory: Constructivist self-development theory. Journal of Social Issues, 279-299.
395. Saks, M. J. (1989). Legal policy analysis and evaluation. American Psychologist, 44, 1110-1117.
396. Sandys, M., & McGarrell, E. F. (1997). Beyond the Bible belt: The influence (or lack thereof) of religion on attitudes toward the death penalty. Journal of Crime and Justice, 20, 179-190.
397. Saulny, S. (2008, April 29). An irascible firebrand, quieted by term limits. New York Times. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from .
398. Savage, C. (2007, April 8). Scandal puts spotlight on Christian law school. Boston Globe. Retrieved April 30, 2008, from .
399. Scalia escalates attacks on church-state separation at New York conference (2005). Church & State, 58(1), 16-17.
400. Scalia sticks to his guns, says Catholic judges opposed to death penalty should resign (2002, February 5). CBSnews.com. Retrieved October 16, 2008, from
401. Scarlato, M. C., & Kohm, L. M. (1998-1999). Integrating religion, faith, and morality in traditional law school courses. Regent University Law Review, 11, 49-69.
402. Scheiber, N. (2005, October 17). Merit scholars. New Republic, 233(16), 6.
403. Schiltz, P. J. (1998). Legal ethics in decline: The elite law firm, the elite law school, and the moral formation of the novice attorney. Minnesota Law Review 82, 705-792.
404. Schiltz, P. J. (1999). On being a happy, healthy, and ethical member of an unhappy, unhealthy, and unethical profession. Vanderbilt Law Review, 52, 871-951.
405. Schiltz, P. J. (2003). The impact of clergy sexual misconduct litigation on religious liberty. Boston College Law Review, 44, 949-975.
406. Schiltz, P. J. (2004). Making ethical lawyers. South Texas Law Review, 45, 875-889.
407. Schopp, R. F. (1993). Justification defenses and just convictions. Pacific Law Journal, 24, 1233-1321.
408. Schubert, G. (1964). Judicial behavior: A reader in theory and research. Chicago: Rand McNally & Co.
409. Schubert, G. (1974). The judicial mind revisited: Psychometric analysis of Supreme Court ideology. New York: Oxford University Press.
410. Schulman, J., Shaver, P., Colman, R., Emrich, B., & Christie, R. (1987). Recipe for a jury. In L. S. Wrightsman, S. M. Kassin, & C.E. Willis (Eds.), In the jury box: Controversies in the courtroom (pp. 13-47). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
411. Schutt, M. P. (2007). Redeeming law: Christian calling and the legal profession. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic.
412. Sect leader Jeffs indicted in child sex case (2008, July 23). CNN.com. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2008, from .
413. Segal, J. A., & Spaeth, H. J. (1993). The Supreme Court and the attitudinal model. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
414. Segrest, D. (1994). Conscience and command: A motive theory of law. Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press.
415. Severed-arm baby mom said incompetent (2005, February 15). Fox News. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
416. Shaffer, T. L. (1981). On being a Christian and a lawyer: Law for the innocent. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press.
417. Shaffer, T. L. (1987). Faith and the professions. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press.
418. Shaffer, T. L. (1989). Should a Christian lawyer serve the guilty? Georgia Law Review, 23, 1021-1034.
419. Shaffer, T. L. (1993). Erastian and sectarian arguments in religiously affiliated American law schools. Stanford Law Review, 45, 1859-1879.
420. Shaffer, T. L. (1995). Why does the church have law schools? Marquette Law Review, 78, 401-411.
421. Shaffer, T. L. (1998). Maybe a lawyer can be a servant; if not.... In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd, Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 193-206). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
422. Shaw, J. I., & Skolnick, P. (1996). When is defendant status a shield or a liability? Clarification and extension. Law and Human Behavior, 20, 431-442.
423. Sherbine, E. L. (2006). Does Cutter v. Wilkinson change the analysis of mandated DUI treatment programs? A critical response. University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender & Class, 6, 223-249.
424. Shively, N. G. (2008). Divine intervention? The threat of religious discussion in the context of capital sentencing deliberations: Fields v. Brown, 503 F.3d 755 (9th Cir. 2007). University of Cincinnati Law Review, 76, 1401-1430.
425. Shuman, D. W., & Champagne, A. (1997). Removing the people from the legal process: The rhetoric and research on judicial selection and juries. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 3, 242-258.
426. Silverstein, M. (1994). Judicious choices: The new politics of Supreme Court confirmations. New York: WW Norton & Co.
427. Simmonds, A. R. (2004). Measure for measure: Two misunderstood principles of damages, Exodus 21:22-25, "Life for life, eye for eye," and Matthew 5:38-39, "Turn the other cheek." St. Thomas Law Review, 17, 123-171.
428. Simon, R. J. (1967). The jury and the defense of insanity. Boston: Little, Brown.
429. Simons, M. A. (2004). Born again on death row: Retribution, remorse and religion. Catholic Lawyer, 43, 311-337.
430. Simson, G. J., & Garvey, S. P. (2001). Knockin' on heaven's door: Rethinking the role of religion in death penalty cases. Cornell Law Review, 86, 1090-1130.
431. Singer, J., & Miller, M. K. (2008, April). Effects of religion on jurors' decisions. Presented at the Western Social Science Association conference, Denver, CO.
432. Singer, N. (2008, June 5). Judge declares mistrial in Haq case: Jewish Federation jury couldn't agree. Seattle Times. Retrieved September 5, 2008, from .
433. Sisk, G. C., Heise, M., & Morriss, A. P. (2004). Searching for the soul of judicial decisionmaking: An empirical study of religious freedom decisions. Ohio State Law Journal, 65, 491-594.
434. Skaf, L. (2008). Is religion an effective mitigating factor in capital cases? Near miss Christian factors and disregarded Muslim ones. Rutgers Journal of Law & Religion, 9, 13-29.
435. Skeem, J. L., & Golding, S. L. (2001). Describing jurors' personal conceptions of insanity and their relationship to case judgments. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 7, 561-621.
436. Skolnick, P., & Shaw, J. I. (1994). Is defendant status a liability or a shield? Crime severity and professional relatedness. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 1827-1836.
437. Skolnick, P., & Shaw, J. I. (1997). The O.J. Simpson criminal trial verdict? Racism or status shield? Journal of Social Issues, 53, 503-516.
438. Skovron, S. E., Scott, J., & Cullen, F. T. (1989). The death penalty for juveniles: An assessment of public support. Crime and Delinquency, 35, 546-561.
439. Smart's accused kidnapper ruled incompetent: Judge orders man confined for mental treatment (2005, July 26). CNN.com. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
440. Smidt, C. (1989). Identifying evangelical respondents: An analysis of "born-again" and Bible questions used across different surveys. In T. G. Jelen (Ed.), Religion and political behavior in the United States (pp. 23-43). Westport, CT: Praeger.
441. Smigel, E. O. (1964). The Wall Street lawyer: Professional organization man? New York: Free Press.
442. Smith, T. W. (1990). Classifying Protestant denominations. Review of Religious Research, 31, 225-245.
443. Songer, D. R., & Tabrizi, S. J. (1999). The religious right in court: The decision making of Christian evangelicals in State Supreme Courts. Journal of Politics, 61, 507-526.
444. Sorauf, F. J. (1976). The wall of separation: The constitutional politics of church and state. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
445. Soss, J., Langbein, L., & Metelko, A. R. (2003). Why do white Americans support the death penalty? Journal of Politics, 65, 397-421.
446. Spaeth, J. M. (2008). The impact of religion on verdicts. Arizona Jury Research. Retrieved August 5, 2008, from .
447. Spilka, B., Hood, R.W., Hunsberger, B., & Gorsuch, R. (2003). The psychology of religion (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
448. Spiller, C. (2005). People v. Harlan: The Colorado Supreme Court takes a step toward eliminating religious influence on juries. Denver University Law Review, 83, 613-638.
449. Springer, J. (2004, April 5). Jury accepts insanity defense for mother who stoned sons. Court TV. Retrieved November 29, 2005, from .
450. Stack, S. (2003). Authoritarianism and support for the death penalty: A multivariate analysis. Sociological Focus, 36, 333-352.
451. State Sen. Ernie Chambers sues God (2007, September 17). KETV.com. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from .
452. Steblay, N., Hosch, H.M., Culhane, S.E., & McWethy, A. (2006). The impact on juror verdicts of judicial instruction to disregard inadmissible evidence: A meta-analysis. Law and Human Behavior, 30, 469-492.
453. Steinhaus, R. (2004, March 8). Martha Stewart faces prison, uncertain future. Retrieved October 16, 2008, from .
454. Stephenson, D. G. (1994). Five Jewish justices: A bibliographical essay. In J. M. Lowe (Ed.), The Jewish justices of the Supreme Court revisited: Brandeis to Fortas (pp. 127-140). Washington, DC: The Supreme Court Historical Society.
455. Stewart, M. N., & Tolley, H. D. (2004). Investigating possible bias: The American legal academy's view of religiously affiliated law schools. Journal of Legal Education, 54, 136-155.
456. Stipanovich, T. J. (2004). ADR and the "vanishing trial": The growth and impact of "alternative dispute resolution." Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 1, 843-912.
457. Summers, A., Hayward, R. D., & Miller, M. K. (2008). How death qualification systematically excludes jurors based on religious characteristics, justice philosophy, cognitive processing, and demographics. Journal of Applied Social Psychology.
458. Sundby, S. E. (2005). A life and death decision: Jury weighs the death penalty. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
459. Tate, C. N. (1981). Personal attribute models of the voting behavior of United States Supreme Court justices: Liberalism in civil liberty and economic decisions, 1946-1978. American Political Science Review, 75, 355-367.
460. Tate, C. N., & Sittiwong, P. (1989). Decision making in the Canadian Supreme Court: Extending the personal attributes model across nations. Journal of Politics, 51, 900-916.
461. Taylor, T. S., & Hosch, H. M. (2004). An examination of jury verdicts for evidence of a similarity-leniency effect, an out-group punitiveness effect or a black sheep effect. Law and Human Behavior, 28, 587-598.
462. Texas evangelist cleared of assault (2008, August 15). USA Today, p. 3A, col. 1.
463. Tyler, T. R. (2006). Why people obey the law. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press (Reissue; originally published 1990).
464. Tyler, T. R., & Weber, R. (1982). Support for the death penalty: Instrumental response to crime or symbolic attitude? Law and Society Review, 17, 21-44.
465. Uelmen, A. J. (2004). An explicit connection between faith and justice in Catholic legal education: Why rock the boat? University of Detroit Mercy Law Review, 81, 921-938.
466. Uelmen, G. F. (2005). Catholic jurors and the death penalty. Journal of Catholic Legal Studies, 44, 355-378.
467. Ulmer, S. S. (1970). Dissent behavior and the social background of Supreme Court justices. Journal of Politics, 32, 580-598.
468. Ulmer, S. S. (1973). Social background as an indicator to the votes of Supreme Court justices in criminal cases: 1947-1956 terms. American Journal of Political Science, 17, 622-630.
469. Ulmer, S. S. (1986). Are social background models time-bound? American Political Science Review, 80, 957-967.
470. United States District Court for the District of Colorado (1997, September 30). U.S. v. Nichols, 96-CR-68, Reporter's Transcript. CNN.com. Retrieved on August 5, 2008, from .
471. Unnever, J. D., & Cullen, F. T. (2006). Christian fundamentalism and support for capital punishment. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 43, 169-197.
472. Urofsky, M. I. (1994). Justice Louis Brandeis. In J. M. Lowe (Ed.), The Jewish justices of the Supreme Court revisited: Brandeis to Fortas (pp. 9-34). Washington, DC: The Supreme Court Historical Society.
473. Van Hoy, J. (1997). Franchise law firms and the transformation of personal legal services. Westport, CT: Quorum Books.
474. Van Voorhis, P., Braswell, M., & Lester, D. (2007). Correctional counseling & rehabilitation. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson Publishing.
475. Van Wormer, K. (2008). Family safety-how social workers help: About priest/clergy sexual abuse-trauma and healing. National Association of Social Workers. Retrieved September 16, 2008, from .
476. Victoria Osteen trial (2008, August 6). Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 20, 2008, from .
477. Vidmar, N. (1974). Retributive and utilitarian motives and other correlates of Canadian attitudes toward the death penalty. The Canadian Psychologist, 15, 337-356.
478. Vidmar, N., & Hans, V. P. (2007). American juries. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
479. Vines, K. (1964). Federal district judges and race relations cases in the South. Journal of Politics, 26, 337-357.
480. Visser, R. C. (2007). Collision course?: Christian Legal Society v. Kane could create a split over the right of religious student groups to associate in the face of law school antidiscrimination policies. Hamline Law Review, 30, 449-487.
481. Vogel, B. (2003). Support for life in prison without the possibility of parole among death penalty proponents. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 27, 263-275.
482. Waggoner, C. A. (2004). Peremptory challenges and religion: The unanswered prayer for a Supreme Court opinion. Loyola University of Chicago Law Journal, 36, 285-328.
483. Walker, A. D. (2003). "The murderer shall surely be put to death:" The impropriety of Biblical arguments in the penalty phase of capital cases. Washburn Law Journal, 43, 197-225.
484. Ward, P. R. (2008, September 28). Gay man takes bias claim to appeals court. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved October 16, 2008, from .
485. Ward, S. F. (2008). Faith's rewards: Some lawyers find religion a righteous marketing tool. ABA Journal, 94(8), 34.
486. Way, F., & Burt, B. J. (1983). Religious marginality and the Free Exercise Clause. American Political Science Review, 77, 652-665.
487. Weiss, D. C. (2008, Feb. 13). Judges increasingly asked to weigh religion in custody battles. ABA Journal. Retrieved May 9, 2008, from .
488. White, J. P. (1995). Religiously affiliated law schools: Their role in American legal education. Marquette Law Review, 78, 371-375.
489. Whitehead, J. W. (1999). Slaying dragons: The truth behind the man who defended Paula Jones. Nashville, TN: Nelson.
490. Wiehl, L. (2000). Judges and lawyers are not singing from the same hymnal when it comes to allowing the bible in the courtroom. American Journal of Trial Advocacy, 24, 273-296.
491. Wilkey, M. R. (1973). Judicial background and decision-making. In G. R. Winters (Ed.), Selected readings: Judicial selection and tenure (Rev. ed., pp. 171-181). Chicago: American Judicature Society.
492. Wiltshire, A. T. (1998). Religion and lifework in the law. In T. E. Baker & T. W. Floyd, Can a good Christian be a good lawyer? Homilies, witnesses, and reflections (pp. 74-82). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
493. Witte, J. (2005). Religion and the American constitutional experiment (2nd ed.). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
494. Wolfe, C. (1995). The ideal of a (Catholic) law school. Marquette Law Review, 78, 487-505.
495. Wrightsman, L. S. (2006). The psychology of the Supreme Court. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
496. Yalof, D. A. (1999). Pursuit of justices: Presidential politics and the selection of Supreme Court nominees. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
497. Yarnold, B. M. (2000). Did circuit courts of appeals judges overcome their own religions in cases involving religious liberties? 1970-1990. Review of Religious Research, 42, 79-86.
498. Yates found guilty of murdering her children (2002, March 13). CNN.com. Retrieved March 13, 2002, from .
499. Yeats, W. B. (1933/1962). Selected poems and two plays (ed. by M.L. Rosenthal). New York: Macmillan [originally published in The winding stair and other poems, 1933].
500. Young, J. (2009, February 28).Chambers hits end of line with God lawsuit. Lincoln Journal Star, p. 1B.
501. Young, R. L. (1992). Religious orientation, race and support for the death penalty. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 31, 76-88.
502. Young, R. L. (2000). Symposium: Religion's role in the administration of the death penalty: Punishment at all costs: On religion, convicting the innocent, and supporting the death penalty. William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal, 9, 237-245.