When bad (good) things happen to good (bad) people: The impact of character appraisal and perceived controllability on judgments of deservingness

Social Justice Research

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 165-188

  Lupfer, Michael B ^a,c   Gingrich, Bryan E ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS   (United States)

^b Memphis Diversity Institute   (United States)

^c University of Memphis   (United States)

Author keywords

Character; Controllability; Deservingness; Justice

Indexed keywords

EID: 0002260171     PISSN: 08857466     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1022189200464     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Aldenderfer, M. S., and Blashfield, R. K. (1984). Cluster Analysis, Sage, Beverly Hills, CA.
2. Allport, G. W. (1937). Personality: A Psychological Interpretation, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York.
3. Andersen, N. H. (1982). Methods of Information Integration Theory, Academic Press, New York.
4. Aquinas, T. (1955). Summa Theologica. Encyclopedia Brittannica, Chicago. (Written in 1265-74.)
5. Aristotle. (1950). Ethics, Dutton, New York.
6. Barber, J. D. (1992). Presidential Character: Predicting Performance in the White House (4th ed.), Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
7. Baudry, F. (1991). Character: A concept in search of an identity. In M. F. R. Kets de Vries and S. M. Perzow (eds.), Handbook of Character Studies: Psychoanalytic Explorations, International Universities Press, Madison, CT, pp. 149-168.
8. Bennett, W. J. (Ed.). (1993). The Book of Virtues, Simon & Schuster, New York.
9. Birkby, R. C. (1990). The Boy Scout Handbook (10th ed.), Boy Scouts of America, Irving, TX.
10. Borgida, E. (1979). Character proof and the fireside induction. Law Human Behav. 3: 189-202.
11. Bottoms, B. L., and Goodman, G. S. (1994). Perceptions of children's credibility in sexual assault cases. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 24: 702-732.
12. Egbert, J. M., Jr., Moore, C. H., Wuensch, K. L., and Castellow, W. A. (1992). The effect of litigant social desirability on judgments regarding a sexual harassment case. J Soc. Behav. Pers. 7: 569-579.
13. Feather, N. T. (1992). An attributional and value analysis of deservingness in success and failure situations. Br. J. Soc. Psychol. 31: 125-145.
14. Feather, N. T. (1994a). Attitudes toward high achievers and reactions to their fall: Theory and research concerning tall poppies. In Zanna, M. P. (ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 1-73.
15. Feather, N. T. (1994b). Human values and their relation to justice. J. Soc. Issues 50: 129-151.
16. Feather, N. T. (1996a). Values, deservingness, and attitudes toward high achievers: Research on tall poppies. In Seligman, C., Olson, J. M., and Zanna, M. P. (eds.), The Psychology of Values: The Ontario Symposium (Vol. 8), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 215-251.
17. Feather, N. T. (1996b). Reactions to penalties for an offense in relation to authoritarianism, values, perceived responsibility, perceived seriousness, and deservingness. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 71: 571-587.
18. Feather, N. T., and Atchison, L. (1998). Reactions to an offence in relation to the status and perceived moral character of the offender. Aust. J. Psychol. 50: 119-127.
19. Hartshorne, H., and May, M. A. (1928). Studies in Deceit, New York: Macmillan.
20. Hartshorne, H., May, M. A., and Mailer, J. B. (1929). Studies in the Nature of Character. Vol. 2: Studies in Service and Self-control, Macmillan, New York.
21. Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations, Wiley, New York.
22. Janoff-Bulman, R. (1979). Characterological versus behavioral self-blame: Inquiries into depression and rape. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 37: 1798-1809.
23. Judd, C. M., and McClelland, G. H. (1989). Data Analysis: A Model-Comparison Approach, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, San Diego.
24. Kaplan, M. F. (1985). Character testimony. In Kassin, S. M., and Wrightsman, L. S. (eds.), The Psychology of Evidence and Trial Procedure, Beverly Hills, CA, Sage, pp. 150-174.
25. Kushner, H. S. (1981). When Bad Things Happen to Good People, New York, Avon.
26. Lerner, M. J. (1980). The Belief in a Just World: A Fundamental Delusion, Plenum, New York.
27. Lerner, M. J. (1987). Integrating societal and psychology rules of entitlement: The basic task of each social actor and fundamental problem for the social sciences. Soc. Just. Research 1: 107-125.
28. Lerner, M. J., and Miller, D. T. (1978). Just world research and the attribution process: Looking back and ahead. Psychol. Bull. 85: 1030-1051.
29. Major, B., Mueller, P., & Hildebrandt, K. (1985). Attributions, expectations, and coping with abortion. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 48: 585-599.
30. McClelland, D. C. (1951). Personality, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York.
31. Otto, A. L., Penrod, S. D., and Dexter, H. R. (1994). The biasing impact of pretrial publicity on juror judgments. Law Human Behav. 18: 453-469.
32. Reeves, T. C. (1991). A Question of Character: A life of John F. Kennedy, Free Press, New York.
33. Rokeach, M. (1973). The Nature of Human Values, The Free Press, New York.
34. Rothbart, M., and Park, B. (1986). On the confirmability and disconfirmability of trait concepts. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 50: 131-142.
35. Shaver, K. G. (1985). The Attribution of Blame: Causality, Responsibility, and Blameworthiness. Springer-Verlag, New York.
36. Skitka, L. J., and Tetlock, P. E. (1992). Allocating scarce resources: A contingency model of distributive justice. J. Exper. Soc. Psychol, 28: 491-522.
37. Weiner, B., Perry, R. B., and Magnusson, J. (1988). An attributional analysis of reactions to stigmas. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol 55: 738-748.
38. Wilson, R. A. (1995). Character Above All, Simon & Schuster, New York.
39. Wynne, E. A. (1985, December-1986, January). The great tradition in education: Transmitting moral values. Educational Leadership, 43: (4). Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.