The role of linear interference in the annular mode response to tropical SST forcing

Journal of Climate

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 778-794

  Fletcher, Christopher G ^a   Kushner, Paul J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Annular mode; ENSO; General circulation models; Sea surface temperature; Tropics

Indexed keywords

ANNULAR MODE; CLIMATE FORCINGS; EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC; ENSO; EXTRATROPICAL; EXTRATROPICS; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS; LINEAR INTERFERENCE; MODE RESPONSE; MODELING STUDIES; NEGATIVE PHASE; NON-LINEARITY; NORTHERN ANNULAR MODE; ROSSBY WAVE; ROSSBY WAVE RESPONSE; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; STATIONARY WAVES; TELECONNECTIONS; TIO; TROPICAL INDIAN OCEAN; WAVE RESPONSE;

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERICS; NICKEL COMPOUNDS; OCEAN CURRENTS; SURFACE PROPERTIES;

TROPICS;

ATMOSPHERIC FORCING; CLIMATE FORCING; EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; ROSSBY WAVE; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; STANDING WAVE; STRATOSPHERE; TELECONNECTION; TEMPERATURE ANOMALY; TROPOSPHERE;

PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (TROPICAL);

EID: 78650166797     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2010JCLI3735.1     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Alexander, M. A., I. Blade, M. Newman, J. R. Lanzante, N. C. Lau, and J. D. Scott, 2002: The atmospheric bridge: The influence of ENSO teleconnections on air-sea interaction over the global oceans. J. Climate, 15, 2205-2231.
2. Anderson, J., et al. 2004: The new GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM2-LM2: Evaluation with prescribed SST simulations. J. Climate, 17, 4641-4673.
3. Annamalai, H., H. Okajima, and M. Watanabe, 2007: Possible impact of the Indian Ocean SST on the Northern Hemisphere circulation during El Niño. J. Climate, 20, 3164-3189.
4. Bader, J., and M. Latif, 2005: North Atlantic Oscillation response to anomalous Indian Ocean SST in a coupled GCM. J. Climate, 18, 5382-5389.
5. Baldwin, M. P., and T. P. Dunkerton, 2001: Stratospheric harbingers of anomalous weather regimes. Science, 294, 581-584.
6. Baldwin, M. P., and D. W. J. Thompson, 2009: A critical comparison of stratosphere-troposphere coupling indices. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 135, 1661-1672.
7. Barsugli, J. J., and P. D. Sardeshmukh, 2002: Global atmospheric sensitivity to tropical SST anomalies throughout the Indo-Pacific basin. J. Climate, 15, 3427-3442.
8. Barsugli, J. J., S. I. Shin, and P. D. Sardeshmukh, 2006: Sensitivity of global warming to the pattern of tropical ocean warming. Climate Dyn., 27, 483-492.
9. Bell, C. J., L. J. Gray, A. J. Charlton-Perez, M. M. Joshi, and A. A. Scaife, 2009: Stratospheric communication of El Niño teleconnections to European winter. J. Climate, 22, 4083-4096.
10. Brandefelt, J., and H. Körnich, 2008: Northern Hemisphere stationary waves in future climate projections. J. Climate, 21, 6341-6353.
11. Branstator, G., 1992: The maintenance of low-frequency atmospheric anomalies. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1924-1945.
12. Branstator, G., and S. E. Haupt, 1998: An empirical model of barotropic atmospheric dynamics and its response to tropical forcing. J. Climate, 11, 2645-2667.
13. Brönnimann, S., 2007: Impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation on European climate. Rev. Geophys., 45, RG3003, doi:10.1029/2006RG000199.
14. Cagnazzo, C., and E. Manzini, 2009: Impact of the stratosphere on the winter tropospheric teleconnections between ENSO and the North Atlantic and European region. J. Climate, 22, 1223-1238.
15. Camp, C. D., and K. K. Tung, 2007: Stratospheric polar warming by ENSO in winter: A statistical study. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L04809, doi:10.1029/2006GL028521.
16. Cohen, J.,D. Salstein, andK. Saito, 2002:Adynamical framework to understand and predict the major Northern Hemisphere mode. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1412, doi:10.1029/2001GL014117.
17. Copsey, D., R. Sutton, and J. R. Knight, 2006: Recent trends in sea level pressure in the Indian Ocean region. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L19712, doi:10.1029/2006GL027175.
18. Delworth, T. L., et al. 2006: GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. Part I: Formulation and simulation characteristics. J. Climate, 19, 643-674.
19. Fletcher, C. G., S. C. Hardiman, P. J. Kushner, and J. Cohen, 2009: The dynamical response to snow cover perturbations in a large ensemble of atmospheric GCM integrations. J. Climate, 22, 1208-1222.
20. Free, M., and D. J. Seidel, 2009: Observed El Niño-Southern Oscillation temperature signal in the stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D23108, doi:10.1029/2009JD012420.
21. Garfinkel, C. I., and D. L. Hartmann, 2008: Different ENSO teleconnections and their effects on the stratospheric polar vortex. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D18114, doi:10.1029/2008JD009920.
22. Gill, A. E., 1980: Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 447-462.
23. Hoerling, M. P., and A. Kumar, 2002: Atmospheric response patterns associated with tropical forcing. J. Climate, 15, 2184-2203.
24. Hoerling, M. P., J. W. Hurrell, T. Xu, G. T. Bates, and A. S. Phillips, 2004: Twentieth century North Atlantic climate change. Part II: Understanding the effect of Indian Ocean warming. Climate Dyn., 23, 391-405.
25. Horel, J. D., and J. M. Wallace, 1981: Planetary-scale atmospheric phenomena associated with the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 813-829.
26. Hu, Y. Y., and K. K. Tung, 2002: Interannual and decadal variations of planetary wave activity, stratospheric cooling, and Northern Hemisphere Annular mode. J. Climate, 15, 1659-1673.
27. Ineson, S., andA.A. Scaife, 2009: The role of the stratosphere in the European climate response to El Niño. Nat. Geosci., 2, 32-36.
28. Kryjov, V. N., and C. K. Park, 2007: Solar modulation of the El-Niño/Southern Oscillation impact on the Northern Hemisphere annular mode. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L10701, doi:10.1029/2006GL028015.
29. Kumar, A., and M. P. Hoerling, 1998: Specification of regional sea surface temperatures in atmospheric general circulation model simulations. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8901-8907.
30. Li, S. L., M. P. Hoerling, S. L. Peng, and K. M. Weickmann, 2006: The annular response to tropical Pacific SST forcing. J. Climate, 19, 1802-1819.
31. Lin, S. J., 2004:A "vertically Lagrangian" finite-volume dynamical core for global models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 2293-2307.
32. Manzini, E., 2009: Atmospheric science: ENSO and the stratosphere. Nat. Geosci., 2, 749-750, doi:10.1038/ngeo677.
33. Manzini, E., M. A. Giorgetta, M. Esch, L. Kornblueh, and E. Roeckner, 2006: The influence of sea surface temperatures on the northern winter stratosphere:Ensemble simulations with the MAECHAM5 model. J. Climate, 19, 3863-3881.
34. Newman, M., P. D. Sardeshmukh, and C. Penland, 2009: How important is air-sea coupling in ENSO and MJO evolution? J. Climate, 22, 2958-2977.
35. Newman, P. A., E. R. Nash, and J. E. Rosenfield, 2001: What controls the temperature of the Arctic stratosphere during the spring? J. Geophys. Res., 106 (D17), 19 999-20 010.
36. Polvani, L. M., and D. W. Waugh, 2004: Upward wave activity flux as a precursor to extreme stratospheric events and subsequent anomalous surface weather regimes. J. Climate, 17, 3548-3554.
37. Rayner, N. A., D. E. Parker, E. B. Horton, C. K. Folland, L. V. Alexander, D. P. Rowell, E. C. Kent, and A. Kaplan, 2003: Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4407, doi:10.1029/2002JD002670.
38. Shutts, G. J., 1983: The propagation of eddies in diffluent jetstreams: Eddy vorticity forcing of 'blocking' flow fields. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 109, 737-761.
39. Smith, K. L., C. G. Fletcher, and P. J. Kushner, 2010: The role of linear interference in the annular mode response to extratropical surface forcing. J. Climate, 23, 6036-6050.
40. Thompson, D., and J. Wallace, 2000: Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month-to-month variability. J. Climate, 13, 1000-1016.
41. Trenberth, K.E., G.W. Branstator, D. Karoly, A. Kumar, N. C. Lau, and C. Ropelewski, 1998: Progress during TOGA in understanding and modeling global teleconnections associated with tropical sea surface temperatures. J. Geophys. Res., 103 (C7), 14 291-14 324.
42. Wallace, J. M., and D. S. Gutzler, 1981: Teleconnections in the geopotential height field during the Northern Hemisphere winter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 784-812.
43. Wilks, D. S., 2006: Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences. Academic Press, 648 pp.
44. Wu, R. G., B. P. Kirtman, and K. Pegion, 2006: Local air-sea relationship in observations and model simulations. J. Climate, 19, 4914-4932.