메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 99, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 978-992

The Negation Bias: When Negations Signal Stereotypic Expectancies

Author keywords

Bias; Interpersonal communication; Language; Negation; Stereotyping

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION; LANGUAGE; MALE; NETHERLANDS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

EID: 78649979749     PISSN: 00223514     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0020861     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (59)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0023020183 scopus 로고
    • The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
    • Baron R.M., Kenny D.A. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1986, 51:1173-1182. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173.
    • (1986) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 1173-1182
    • Baron, R.M.1    Kenny, D.A.2
  • 2
    • 15844375872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotypes and the confirmability of trait concepts
    • doi: 10.1177/0146167204271712
    • Biernat M., Ma J.E. Stereotypes and the confirmability of trait concepts. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2005, 31:483-495. doi: 10.1177/0146167204271712.
    • (2005) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.31 , pp. 483-495
    • Biernat, M.1    Ma, J.E.2
  • 3
    • 0002902151 scopus 로고
    • Sentence comprehension: A psycholinguistic processing model of verification
    • doi: 10.1037/h0076248
    • Carpenter P., Just M. Sentence comprehension: A psycholinguistic processing model of verification. Psychological Review 1975, 82:45-73. doi: 10.1037/h0076248.
    • (1975) Psychological Review , vol.82 , pp. 45-73
    • Carpenter, P.1    Just, M.2
  • 4
    • 0035604265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of bar-sponsored alcohol beverage promotions across binge and non-binge drinkers
    • doi: 10.1509/jppm.20.2.240.17372
    • Christie J., Kozup J.C., Smith S., Fisher D., Burton S., Creyer E. The effects of bar-sponsored alcohol beverage promotions across binge and non-binge drinkers. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 2001, 20:240-253. doi: 10.1509/jppm.20.2.240.17372.
    • (2001) Journal of Public Policy and Marketing , vol.20 , pp. 240-253
    • Christie, J.1    Kozup, J.C.2    Smith, S.3    Fisher, D.4    Burton, S.5    Creyer, E.6
  • 5
    • 38049057787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotypes help people connect with others in the community: A situated functional analysis of the stereotype consistency bias in communication
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.93.6.1028
    • Clark A.E., Kashima Y. Stereotypes help people connect with others in the community: A situated functional analysis of the stereotype consistency bias in communication. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2007, 93:1028-1039. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.93.6.1028.
    • (2007) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.93 , pp. 1028-1039
    • Clark, A.E.1    Kashima, Y.2
  • 6
    • 0000851111 scopus 로고
    • On the process of comparing sentences against pictures
    • doi: 10.1016/0010-0285(72)90019-9
    • Clark H.H., Chase W.G. On the process of comparing sentences against pictures. Cognitive Psychology 1972, 3:472-517. doi: 10.1016/0010-0285(72)90019-9.
    • (1972) Cognitive Psychology , vol.3 , pp. 472-517
    • Clark, H.H.1    Chase, W.G.2
  • 7
    • 33748559775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • At the boundaries of automaticity: Negation as reflective operation
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.91.3.385
    • Deutsch R., Gawronski B., Strack F. At the boundaries of automaticity: Negation as reflective operation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2006, 91:385-405. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.91.3.385.
    • (2006) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.91 , pp. 385-405
    • Deutsch, R.1    Gawronski, B.2    Strack, F.3
  • 9
    • 25144451557 scopus 로고
    • Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.56.1.5
    • Devine P.G. Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1989, 56:5-18. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.56.1.5.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.56 , pp. 5-18
    • Devine, P.G.1
  • 10
    • 0030131718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The knife that cuts both ways: Facilitated and inhibited access to traits as a result of stereotype activation
    • doi: 10.1006/jesp.1996.0013
    • Dijksterhuis A., Van Knippenberg A. The knife that cuts both ways: Facilitated and inhibited access to traits as a result of stereotype activation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 1996, 32:271-288. doi: 10.1006/jesp.1996.0013.
    • (1996) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.32 , pp. 271-288
    • Dijksterhuis, A.1    Van Knippenberg, A.2
  • 11
    • 33744541037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When what you say about others says something about you: Language abstraction and inferences about describers' attitudes and goals
    • doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2005.06.001
    • Douglas K.M., Sutton R.M. When what you say about others says something about you: Language abstraction and inferences about describers' attitudes and goals. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2006, 42:500-508. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2005.06.001.
    • (2006) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 500-508
    • Douglas, K.M.1    Sutton, R.M.2
  • 12
    • 67650463389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common ground and cultural prominence: How conversation reinforces culture
    • doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02387.x
    • Fast N.J., Heath C., Wu G. Common ground and cultural prominence: How conversation reinforces culture. Psychological Science 2009, 20:904-911. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02387.x.
    • (2009) Psychological Science , vol.20 , pp. 904-911
    • Fast, N.J.1    Heath, C.2    Wu, G.3
  • 13
    • 0030222911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do you really know what you have seen? Intrusion errors and presuppositions effects on constructive memory
    • doi: 10.1006/jesp.1996.0022
    • Fiedler K., Walther E., Armbruster T., Fay D., Naumann U. Do you really know what you have seen? Intrusion errors and presuppositions effects on constructive memory. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 1996, 32:484-511. doi: 10.1006/jesp.1996.0022.
    • (1996) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.32 , pp. 484-511
    • Fiedler, K.1    Walther, E.2    Armbruster, T.3    Fay, D.4    Naumann, U.5
  • 14
    • 0000138325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination
    • McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, D.T. Gilbert, S.T. Fiske, G. Lindzey (Eds.)
    • Fiske S.T. Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. The handbook of social psychology 1998, 357-411. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. 4th ed. D.T. Gilbert, S.T. Fiske, G. Lindzey (Eds.).
    • (1998) The handbook of social psychology , pp. 357-411
    • Fiske, S.T.1
  • 15
    • 0030521735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit vs. explicit strategies of outgroup discrimination: The role of intentional control in biased language use and reward allocation
    • doi: 10.1177/0261927X960153007
    • Franco F., Maass A. Implicit vs. explicit strategies of outgroup discrimination: The role of intentional control in biased language use and reward allocation. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 1996, 15:335-359. doi: 10.1177/0261927X960153007.
    • (1996) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.15 , pp. 335-359
    • Franco, F.1    Maass, A.2
  • 16
    • 58149205679 scopus 로고
    • The trouble of thinking: Activation and application of stereotypic beliefs
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.60.4.509
    • Gilbert D.T., Hixon J.G. The trouble of thinking: Activation and application of stereotypic beliefs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1991, 60:509-517. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.60.4.509.
    • (1991) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.60 , pp. 509-517
    • Gilbert, D.T.1    Hixon, J.G.2
  • 17
    • 0000949775 scopus 로고
    • Unbelieving the unbelievable: Some problems in the rejection of false information
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.59.4.601
    • Gilbert D.T., Krull D.S., Malone P.S. Unbelieving the unbelievable: Some problems in the rejection of false information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1990, 59:601-613. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.59.4.601.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 601-613
    • Gilbert, D.T.1    Krull, D.S.2    Malone, P.S.3
  • 19
    • 45449100949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " A good Arab is not a dead Arab-a racist incitement" On the accessibility of negated concepts
    • Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, Germany, I. Kecskes, L.R. Horn (Eds.)
    • Giora R. " A good Arab is not a dead Arab-a racist incitement" On the accessibility of negated concepts. Explorations in pragmatics: Linguistic, cognitive and intercultural aspects 2007, 129-162. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, Germany. I. Kecskes, L.R. Horn (Eds.).
    • (2007) Explorations in pragmatics: Linguistic, cognitive and intercultural aspects , pp. 129-162
    • Giora, R.1
  • 21
    • 33847732533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negation in context: A functional approach to suppression
    • doi: 10.1207/s15326950dp4302_3
    • Giora R., Fein O., Aschkenazi K., Alkabets-Zlozover I. Negation in context: A functional approach to suppression. Discourse Processes 2007, 43:153-172. doi: 10.1207/s15326950dp4302_3.
    • (2007) Discourse Processes , vol.43 , pp. 153-172
    • Giora, R.1    Fein, O.2    Aschkenazi, K.3    Alkabets-Zlozover, I.4
  • 22
    • 12344315278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On negation as mitigation: The case of negative irony
    • doi: 10.1207/s15326950dp3901_3
    • Giora R., Fein O., Ganzi J., Alkeslassy Levi N. On negation as mitigation: The case of negative irony. Discourse Processes 2005, 39:81-100. doi: 10.1207/s15326950dp3901_3.
    • (2005) Discourse Processes , vol.39 , pp. 81-100
    • Giora, R.1    Fein, O.2    Ganzi, J.3    Alkeslassy Levi, N.4
  • 24
    • 0000939533 scopus 로고
    • Grammatical transformations and speed of understanding
    • doi: 10.1016/S0022-5371(65)80093-7
    • Gough P.B. Grammatical transformations and speed of understanding. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 1965, 4:107-111. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5371(65)80093-7.
    • (1965) Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , vol.4 , pp. 107-111
    • Gough, P.B.1
  • 25
    • 12844277511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of negation on product evaluations
    • doi: 10.1086/425093
    • Grant S.J., Malaviya P., Sternthal B. The influence of negation on product evaluations. Journal of Consumer Research 2004, 31:583-591. doi: 10.1086/425093.
    • (2004) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.31 , pp. 583-591
    • Grant, S.J.1    Malaviya, P.2    Sternthal, B.3
  • 26
    • 33646347183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does negation entail affirmation? The case of negated metaphors
    • doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.12.005
    • Hasson U., Glucksberg S. Does negation entail affirmation? The case of negated metaphors. Journal of Pragmatics 2006, 38:1015-1032. doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.12.005.
    • (2006) Journal of Pragmatics , vol.38 , pp. 1015-1032
    • Hasson, U.1    Glucksberg, S.2
  • 28
    • 0032086672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The power of negation in English: Text, context, and relevance
    • doi: 10.1016/S0378-2166(97)00086-6
    • Jordan M.P. The power of negation in English: Text, context, and relevance. Journal of Pragmatics 1998, 29:705-752. doi: 10.1016/S0378-2166(97)00086-6.
    • (1998) Journal of Pragmatics , vol.29 , pp. 705-752
    • Jordan, M.P.1
  • 29
    • 85047684591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating and testing mediation and moderation in within-participant designs
    • doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.6.2.115
    • Judd C.M., Kenny D.A., McClelland G.H. Estimating and testing mediation and moderation in within-participant designs. Psychological Methods 2001, 6:115-134. doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.6.2.115.
    • (2001) Psychological Methods , vol.6 , pp. 115-134
    • Judd, C.M.1    Kenny, D.A.2    McClelland, G.H.3
  • 30
    • 0035714062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negation and its impact on the accessibility of text information
    • Kaup B. Negation and its impact on the accessibility of text information. Memory & Cognition 2001, 29:960-967.
    • (2001) Memory & Cognition , vol.29 , pp. 960-967
    • Kaup, B.1
  • 31
    • 33646339379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processing negated sentences with contradictory predicates: Is a door that is not open mentally closed?
    • doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.09.012
    • Kaup B., Ludtke J., Zwaan R.A. Processing negated sentences with contradictory predicates: Is a door that is not open mentally closed?. Journal of Pragmatics 2006, 38:1033-1050. doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.09.012.
    • (2006) Journal of Pragmatics , vol.38 , pp. 1033-1050
    • Kaup, B.1    Ludtke, J.2    Zwaan, R.A.3
  • 33
    • 0002076745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linguistic intergroup bias: Stereotype perpetuation through language
    • Academic Press, San Diego, CA, M.P. Zanna (Ed.)
    • Maass A. Linguistic intergroup bias: Stereotype perpetuation through language. Advances in experimental social psychology 1999, 31:79-121. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. M.P. Zanna (Ed.).
    • (1999) Advances in experimental social psychology , vol.31 , pp. 79-121
    • Maass, A.1
  • 34
    • 0002136803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language and stereotyping
    • Guilford Press, New York, NY, C.N. Macrae, C. Stangor, M. Hewstone (Eds.)
    • Maass A., Acuri L. Language and stereotyping. Stereotypes and stereotyping 1996, 193-226. Guilford Press, New York, NY. C.N. Macrae, C. Stangor, M. Hewstone (Eds.).
    • (1996) Stereotypes and stereotyping , pp. 193-226
    • Maass, A.1    Acuri, L.2
  • 35
    • 0024808817 scopus 로고
    • Language use in intergroup contexts: The linguistic intergroup bias
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.981
    • Maass A., Salvi D., Arcuri L., Semin G.R. Language use in intergroup contexts: The linguistic intergroup bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1989, 57:981-993. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.981.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.57 , pp. 981-993
    • Maass, A.1    Salvi, D.2    Arcuri, L.3    Semin, G.R.4
  • 37
    • 3242741317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • " I am not guilty" vs. " I am innocent" Successful negation may depend on the schema used for its encoding
    • doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2003.07.008
    • Mayo R., Schul Y., Burnstein E. " I am not guilty" vs. " I am innocent" Successful negation may depend on the schema used for its encoding. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2004, 40:433-449. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2003.07.008.
    • (2004) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 433-449
    • Mayo, R.1    Schul, Y.2    Burnstein, E.3
  • 38
    • 0042773448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communicating quantities: A review of psycholinguistic evidence of how expressions determine perspectives
    • doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(200005/06)14:3<237::AID-ACP641>3.0.CO;2-R
    • Moxey L.M., Sanford A.J. Communicating quantities: A review of psycholinguistic evidence of how expressions determine perspectives. Applied Cognitive Psychology 2000, 14:237-255. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0720(200005/06)14:3<237::AID-ACP641>3.0.CO;2-R.
    • (2000) Applied Cognitive Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 237-255
    • Moxey, L.M.1    Sanford, A.J.2
  • 39
    • 33646351019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antonymy and negation: The boundedness hypothesis
    • doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.11.009
    • Paradis C., Willners C. Antonymy and negation: The boundedness hypothesis. Journal of Pragmatics 2006, 38:1051-1080. doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.11.009.
    • (2006) Journal of Pragmatics , vol.38 , pp. 1051-1080
    • Paradis, C.1    Willners, C.2
  • 40
    • 0001145178 scopus 로고
    • On the confirmability and disconfirmability of trait concepts
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.50.1.131
    • Rothbart M., Park B. On the confirmability and disconfirmability of trait concepts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1986, 50:131-142. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.50.1.131.
    • (1986) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 131-142
    • Rothbart, M.1    Park, B.2
  • 43
    • 0002590707 scopus 로고
    • The contexts of plausible denial
    • doi: 10.1016/S0022-5371(65)80060-3
    • Wason P.C. The contexts of plausible denial. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 1965, 4:7-11. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5371(65)80060-3.
    • (1965) Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , vol.4 , pp. 7-11
    • Wason, P.C.1
  • 44
    • 0001435768 scopus 로고
    • The transparency of denial: Briefing in the debriefing paradigm
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.49.2.338
    • Wegner D.M., Coulton G., Wenzlaff R. The transparency of denial: Briefing in the debriefing paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1985, 49:338-346. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.49.2.338.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 338-346
    • Wegner, D.M.1    Coulton, G.2    Wenzlaff, R.3
  • 45
    • 0000899495 scopus 로고
    • In- crimination through innuendo: Can media questions become public answers?
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.40.5.822
    • Wegner D.M., Wenzlaff R., Kerker M.R., Beattie A.E. In- crimination through innuendo: Can media questions become public answers?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1981, 40:822-832. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.40.5.822.
    • (1981) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 822-832
    • Wegner, D.M.1    Wenzlaff, R.2    Kerker, M.R.3    Beattie, A.E.4
  • 46
    • 85047692514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When stereotypes get in the way: Stereotypes obstruct stereotype-inconsistent trait inferences
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.3.470
    • Wigboldus D.H.J., Dijksterhuis A., Van Knippenberg A. When stereotypes get in the way: Stereotypes obstruct stereotype-inconsistent trait inferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2003, 84:470-484. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.3.470.
    • (2003) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.84 , pp. 470-484
    • Wigboldus, D.H.J.1    Dijksterhuis, A.2    Van Knippenberg, A.3
  • 47
    • 84920653807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language, stereotypes, and intergroup relations
    • Psychology Press, New York, NY, K. Fiedler (Ed.)
    • Wigboldus D.H.J., Douglas K.M. Language, stereotypes, and intergroup relations. Social communication 2007, 79-106. Psychology Press, New York, NY. K. Fiedler (Ed.).
    • (2007) Social communication , pp. 79-106
    • Wigboldus, D.H.J.1    Douglas, K.M.2
  • 48
    • 0033629642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How do we communicate stereotypes? Linguistic bases and inferential consequences
    • doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.78.1.5
    • Wigboldus D.H.J., Semin G.R., Spears R. How do we communicate stereotypes? Linguistic bases and inferential consequences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2000, 78:5-18. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.78.1.5.
    • (2000) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.78 , pp. 5-18
    • Wigboldus, D.H.J.1    Semin, G.R.2    Spears, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.