Sources of light-absorbing aerosol in arctic snow and their seasonal variation

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 10, Issue 22, 2010, Pages 10923-10938

  Hegg, Dean A ^a   Warren, Stephen G ^a   Grenfell, Thomas C ^a   Doherty, Sarah J ^a   Clarke, Antony D ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION; AEROSOL; ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT; BIOMASS BURNING; BLACK CARBON; LIGHT; POINT SOURCE; SEASONAL VARIATION; SNOW;

ARCTIC; CANADA; CANADIAN ARCTIC; GREENLAND; SIBERIA;

EID: 78649382933     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-10923-2010     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Alfaro, S. C., Lafon, S., Rajot, J. L., Formenti, P., Gaudichet, A., and Maille, M.: Iron oxides and light absorption by pure desert dust: an experimental study, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D08208, doi:1029/2003JD004374, 2004.
2. Burkhart, J. F., Bales, R. C., McConnell, J. R., Hutterli, M. A., and Frey, M.: Geographic variability of nitrate deposition and preservation over the Greenland Ice Sheet, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D06301, doi:10.1029/2008JD010600, 2009.
3. Chen, M., Diehl, T., Dubovik, O., Eck, T. F., Holben, B. N., Sinyuk, A., and Streets, D. G.: Light absorption by pollution, dust, and biomass burning aerosols: global model study and evaluation with AERONET measurements, Ann. Geophys., 27, 3439-3464, doi:10.5194/angeo-27-3439-2009, 2009.
4. Chylek, P., Johnson, B., and Wu, H.: Black carbon concentration in a Greenland Dye-3 ice core, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 1951-1953, 1992.
5. Clarke, A. D. and Noone, K. J.: Soot in the Arctic snowpack: A cause for perturbations in radiative transfer, Atmos. Environ., 19, 2045-2053, 1985.
6. Doherty, S. J, Warren, S. G., Grenfell, T. C., Brandt, R. E., and Clarke, A. D.: Light-absorbing impurities in Arctic snow, At-mos. Chem. Phys. Discuss, 18807-18878, doi:10.5194/acpd-10-18807-2010, 2010.
7. Eleftheriadis, K., Vratolis, S., and Nyeki, S.: Aerosol black carbon in the European Arctic: Measurements at Zeppelin station, Ny-Alesund, Svalbard from 1998-2007, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L02809, doi:10.1029/2008GL035741, 2009.
8. Favez, O., Alfaro, S. C., Sciare, J., Cachier, H., and Abdelwahab, M. M.: Ambient measurements of light-absorption by agricultural waste burning organic aerosols, Aerosol Sci., 40, 613-620, 2009a.
9. Favez, O., Cachier, H., Sciare, J., Sarda-Esteve, R., and Marti-non, L.: Evidence for a significant contribution of wood burning aerosols to PM2.5 during winter season in Paris, France, Atmos. Environ., 43, 3640-3644, 2009b.
10. Flanner, M. G., Zender, C. S., Randerson, J. T., and Rasch, P. J.: Present-day climate forcing and response from black carbon in snow, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D11202, doi:1029/2006JD008003, 2007.
11. Generoso, S., Bey, I., Attie, J.-L., and Breon, F.-M.: A satellite-and model-based assessment of the 2003 Russian fires: impact on the Arctic region, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D15302, doi:10.1029/2006JD008344, 2007. (Pubitemid 47534420)
12. Grannas, A. M., Shepson, P. B., and Filley, T. R.: Photochemistry and nature of organic matter in Arctic and Antarctic snow, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 18, GB1006, doi:10/1029/2003GB002133, 2004.
13. Grenfell, T. C., Doherty, S. J., Clarke, A. D., and Warren, S. G.: Light absorption from particulate impurities in snow and ice determined by spectrophotometric analysis of filters, Appl. Opt., in review, 2010.
14. Grenfell, T. C., Light, B., and Sturm, M.: Spatial distribution and radiative effects of soot in the snow and sea ice during the SHEBA experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 8032, doi:10.1029/2000JC000414, 2002.
15. Hagler, G. S. W., Bergin, M. H., Smith, E. A., and Dibb, J. E.: A summer time series of particulate carbon in the air and snow at Summit, Greenland, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D21309, doi:10.1029/2007JD008993, 2007.
16. Hansen, J. and Nazarenko, L.: Soot climate forcing via snow and ice albedos, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA), 101, 423-428, 2004.
17. Hays, M. D., Fine, P. M., Geron, C. D, Kleeman, M. J., and Gullet, B. K.: Open burning of agricultural biomass: physical and chemical properties of particle-phase emissions, Atmos. Environ., 39, 6747-6764, 2005.
18. Hegg, D. A., Warren, S. G., Grenfell, T. C., Doherty, S. J., Larson, T. V., and Clarke, A. D.: Source attribution of black carbon in arctic snow, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 4016-4021, 2009.
19. Hennigan, C. J., Sullivan, A. P., Collett Jr., J. L. and Robinson, A. L.: Levoglucosan stability in biomass burning particles exposed to hydroxyl radicals, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L09806, doi:10.1029/2010GL043088, 2010.
20. Henry, R. C., Park, E. S., and Spiegelman, C. H.: Comparing a new algorithm with classic methods for estimating the number of factors, Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst., 48, 91-97, 1999.
21. Hobbs, P. V. and Rangno, A. L. Microstructures of low and middle-level clouds over the Beaufort Sea, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 124, 2035-2071, 1998.
22. Hoffmann, D., Tilgner, A., Inuma, Y., and Herrmann, H.: Atmospheric stability of levoglucosan: a detailed laboratory and modeling study, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 694-699, 2010.
23. Kirchstetter, T. W., Novakov, T., and Hobbs, P. V.: Evidence that the spectral dependence of light absorption by aerosols is affected by organic carbon, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D21208, doi:10.1029/2004JD004999, 2004. (Pubitemid 40191167)
24. Liston, G. E. and Sturm, M.: The role of winter sublimation in the Arctic moisture budget, Nordic Hydrol., 35, 325-334, 2004.
25. Lukács, H., Gelencsér, A., Hammer, S., Puxbaum, H., Pio, C., Legrand, M., Kasper-Giebl, A., Handler, M., Limbeck, A., Simpson, D., and Preunkert, S.: Seasonal trends and possible sources of brown carbon based on 2-year aerosol measurements at six sites in Europe, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D23S18, doi:10.1029/2006JD008151, 2007.
26. Luo, Y., Xu, K.-M., Morrison, H., McFarquhar, G., Wang, Z., and Zhang, G. Multi-layer arctic mixed-phase clouds simulated by a cloud-resolving model: Comparison with ARM observations and sensitivity experiments, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D12208, doi:10.1029/2007JD009563, 2008.
27. Mahowald, N. M., Engelstaedter, S., Luo, C., Sealy, A., Artaxo, P., Benitez-Nelson, C., Bonnet, S., Chen, Y., Chuang, P. Y., Cohen, D. D., Dulac, F., Herut, B., Johansen, A. M., Kubilay, N., Losno, R., Maenhaut, W., Paytan, A., Prospero, J. M., Shank, L. M., and Siefert, R. L.: Atmospheric iron deposition: global distribution, variability, and human perturbations, Rev. Mar. Sci., 1, 245-278, 2009.
28. Masclet, P., Hoyau, V., Jaffrezo, J., and Cachier, H.: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon deposition on the ice sheet of Greenland. Part 1: superficial snow, Atmos. Environ., 34, 3195-3207, 2000.
29. McConnell, J. R., Edwards, R., Kok, G. L., Flanner, M. G., Zender, C. S., Saltzman, E. S., Banta, J. R., Pasteris, D. R., Carter, M. M., and Kahl, J. D. W.: 20th-Century industrial black carbon emissions altered arctic climate forcing, Science, 317, 1381-1384, 2007.
30. Mochida, M., Kawamura, K., Fu, P., and Takemura, T.: Seasonal variation of levoglucosan in aerosols over the North pacific and its assessment as a biomass tracer, Atmos. Environ., 44, 3511- 3518, 2010.
31. Moosmuller, H., Chakrabarty, R. K., and Arnott, W. P.: Aerosol light absorption and its measurement: a review, J. Quant. Spec-trosc. Radiat. Transfer, 110, 844-878, 2009.
32. Morrison, H., Curry, J. A., Shupe, M. D., and Zuidema, P. A new double-moment microphysics parameterization for application in cloud and climate models. Part II: Single-column modeling of Arctic clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 1678-1693, 2005. (Pubitemid 41135961)
33. Norris, G., Vedantham, R., Wade, K., Brown, S., Prouty, J., and Fo-ley, C.: EPA Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) 3.0 Fundamentals & User Guide. EPA report 600/R-08/108, available online at: www.epa.gov, July, 2008.
34. Oros, D. R. and Simoneit, B. R. T.: Identification and emission factors of molecular tracers in organic aerosols from biomass burning. Part 1. Temperate climate conifers, Appl. Geochem., 16, 1513-1544, 2001a.
35. Oros, D. R. and Simoneit, B. R. T.: Identification and emission factors of molecular tracers in organic aerosols from biomass burn-ing. Part 2. Deciduous trees, Appl. Geochem, 16, 1545-1565, 2001b.
36. Oros, D. R., Radzi bin Abas, M., Omar, N. Y. M. J., Rahman, N. A., and Simoneit, B. R. T.: Identification and emission factors of molecular tracers in organic aerosols from biomass burning. Part 3. Grasses, Appl. Geochem., 21, 919-940, 2006.
37. Paatero, P. and Tapper, U.: Positive matrix factorization: a non-negative factor model with optimal utilization of error estimates of data values, Environmetrics, 5, 111-126, 1994.
38. Perovich, D. K., Grenfell, T. C., Light B., Elder, B. C., Harbeck, J., Polashenski, C., Tucker, W. B. III, and Stelmach, C.: Transpo-lar observations of morphological properties of Arctic sea ice, J. Geophys. Res., 114, C00A04, doi:10.1029/2008JC004892, 2009.
39. Polissar, A., Hopke, P., Malm, W., and Sisler, J.: Atmospheric aerosol over Alaska 1. Elemental composition and sources, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 19045-19057,1998. (Pubitemid 128700020)
40. Quinn, P. K., Shaw, G., Andrews, E., Dutton, E. G., Ruoho-Airola, T., and Gong, S. L.: Arctic haze: current trends and knowledge gaps, Tellus, 59B, 99-114, 2007.
41. Rahn, K. A., Lewis, N. F., Lowenthal., D. H, and Smith, D. L.: Noril'sk only a minor contributor to Arctic haze, Nature, 306, 459-461, 1983.
42. Ramanathan, V. and Carmichael, G.: Global and regional climate change due to black carbon, Nature Geoscience, 1, 221-227, 2008.
43. Sandradewi, J., Prevot, A. S. H., Szidat, S., Perron, N., Alfarra, M. R., Lanz, V. A., Weingartner, E., and Baltensperger, U.: Using aerosol light absorption measurements for quantitative determination of wood burning and traffic emission contributions to par-ticulate matter, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 3316-3323, 2008.
44. Sharma, S., Andrews, E., Barrie, L., Ogren, J., and Lavoue, D.: Variations and sources of equivalent black carbon in the high Arctic revealed by long-term observations at Alert and Barrow: 1989-2003, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D14208, doi:10.1029/2005JD006581, 2006. (Pubitemid 46055348)
45. Shindell, D. and Faluvegi, G.: Climate response to regional radiative forcing during the twentieth century, Nature Geosci., 2, doi:10.1038/NGEO473, 294-300, 2009.
46. Simoneit, B. R. T.: Biomass burning a review of organic tracers for smoke from incomplete combustion, Appl. Geochem., 17, 129-162, 2002.
47. Steffen, K., Box, J. E., and Abdalati, W.: Greenland Climate Network: GC-Net, in: Glaciers, Ice Sheets and Volcanoes, edited by: Colbeck, S. C., CRREL Special Report 96-27, US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering laboratory, Hanover, NH, USA, 98-103, 1996.
48. Stohl, A.: Characteristics of atmospheric transport into the arctic troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D11306, doi:10.1029/2005JD006888, 2006. (Pubitemid 44137685)
49. Stohl, A., Andrews, E., Burkhart, J. F., Forster, C., Herber, A., Hoch, S. W., Kowal, D., Lunder, C., Mefford, T., Ogren, J. A., Sharma, S., Spichtinger, N., Stebel, K., Stone, R., Ström, J., Tørseth, K., Wehrli, C., and Yttri, K. E.: Pan-arctic enhancements of light absorbing aerosolconcentrations due to North American boreal forest fires during summer 2004, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D22214, doi:10.1029/2006JD007216, 2006. (Pubitemid 47386228)
50. Sun, H., Biedermann, L., and Bond, T. C. Color of brown carbon: a model for ultraviolet and visible light absorption by organic carbon aerosol, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L17813, doi:10.1029/2007GL029797, 2007. (Pubitemid 350065294)
51. Toledano, C., Cachorro, V. E., de Frutos, A. M., Torres, B., Berjon, A., Sorribas, M., and Stone, R. S.: Airmass classification and analysis of aerosol types at El Arenosillo (Spain), J. Appl. Meteor. Climat., 48, 962-981, 2009.
52. Treffeisen, R., Herber, A., Strom, J., Shiobara, M., Yamanouchi, T., Yamagata, S., Holmen, K., Kriews, M., and Schrems, O.: Interpretation of Arctic aerosol properties using cluster analysis applied to observations from the Svalbard area, Tellus, 56B, 457-476, 2004.
53. Ulbrich, I. M., Canagaratna, M. R., Zhang, Q., Worsnop, D. R. and Jimenez, J. L. Interpretation of organic components from Positive Matrix Factorization of aerosol mass spectrometer data, At-mos. Chem. Phys., 9, 2891-2918, 2 009.
54. Warneke, C., Bahreini, R., Brioude, J., Brock, C. A., de Gouw, J. A., Fahey, D. W., Froyd, K. D., Holloway, J. S., Middlebrook, A., Miller, L., Montzka, S., Murphy, D. M., Peischl, J., Ryerson, T. B., Schwartz, J. P., Spockman, J. R., and Veres, P.: Biomass burning in Siberia and Kazakhstan as an important source for haze over the Alaskan Arctic in April, 2008, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L02813, doi:10.1029/2008GL036194, 2009.
55. Xie, Y.-L., Hopke, P. K., Paatero, P., Barrie, L. A., and Li, S.-M.: Identification of source nature and seasonal variations of Arctic aerosol by positive matrix factorization, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 249-260, 1999.