Variations and sources of the equivalent black carbon in the high Arctic revealed by long-term observations at Alert and Barrow: 1989-2003

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 111, Issue 14, 2006, Pages

  Sharma, Sangeeta ^a   Andrews, E ^b,c   Barrie, L A ^a,d   Ogren, J A ^c   Lavoue D ^a  

^a ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^c EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^d WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR POLLUTION; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CARBON BLACK; CLIMATE CHANGE; METEOROLOGY;

BLACK CARBON; LONG-TERM CHANGE; NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; SEASONAL VARIATION; SUMMER;

ALASKA; CANADA; NORTH AMERICA; NUNAVUT; POINT BARROW; UNITED STATES;

EID: 33846117136     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2005JD006581     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Arnott, W. P., K. Hamasha, H. Moosmuller, P. J. Sheridan, and J. A. Ogren (2005), Towards light-absorption measurements with a 7-wavelength aethalometer Evaluation with a photoacoustic instrument and 3-wavelength nephelometer, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 39, 17-29.
2. Barrie, L. A. (1986), Arctic air pollution: An overview of current knowledge, Atmos. Environ., 20, 643-663.
3. Bodhaine, B. (1995), Aerosol absorption measurements at Barrow, Mauna Loa and the South Pole, J. Geophys. Res., 100(D5), 8967-8975.
4. Cooke, W. F., C. Liousse, H. Cachier, and J. Feichter (1999), Construction of a 1° × 1° fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementation and radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D18), 22,137-22,162.
5. Delene, D. J., and J. A. Ogren (2002), Variability of aerosol optical properties at four North American surface monitoring sites, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1135-1150.
6. Derwent, R. G., D. B. Ryall, S. G. Jennings, T. G. Spain, and P. G. Simmonds (2001), Black carbon aerosol and carbon monoxide in European regionally-polluted air masses at Mace Head, Ireland during 1995-1998, Atmos. Environ., 35, 6371-6378.
7. Dorling, S. R., T. D. Davies, and C. E. Pierce (1992), Clustering analysis: A technique for estimating the synoptic meteorological controls on air and precipitation chemistry: Method and applications, Atmos. Environ., Part A, 26, 2575-2581.
8. Eckhardt, S., A. Stohl, S. Beirle, N. Spichtinger, P. James, C. Forster, C. Junker, T. Wagner, U. Platt, and S. G. Jennings (2003), The North Atlantic, Oscillation controls air pollution transport to the Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1769-1778.
9. Hansen, A. D. A., H. Rosen, and T. Novakov (1984), The aethalometer: An instrument for the real-time measurement of optical absorption by aerosol particles, Sci. Total Environ., 36, 191-196.
10. Hartigan, J. A. (1975), Clustering Algorithms, 351 pp., John Wiley, Hoboken, N. J.
11. Harvey, A. C., and G. D. Phillips (1979), Maximum likelihood estimation of regression models with autoregressive-moving average disturbances, Biometrika, 66, 49-58.
12. Hassol, S. J. (2004), Impacts of a Warming Arctic: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
13. Huang, J., K. Higuchi, and A. Shabbar (1998), The relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation and El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2707-2710.
14. Hurrell, J. W., and H. Van Loon (1997), Decadal variations in climate associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation, Clim. Change, 36, 301-326.
15. Kalnay, E., et al. (1996), The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 437-471.
16. Kohn, R., and C. F. Ansley (1985), Efficient estimation and prediction in time series regression models, Biometrika, 72, 694-697.
17. Kohn, R., and C. F. Ansley (1986), Estimation, prediction and interpolation for ARIMA models with missing data, JASA J. Am. Stat. Assoc., 81, 751-761.
18. Lehmann, E. L. (1986), Testing Statistical Hypothesis, 2nd ed., 600 pp., John Wiley, Hoboken, N. J.
19. Ma, J., H. Hung, and P. Blanchard (2004), How do climate fluctuations affect Persistent Organic Pollutant distribution in North America?: Evidence from a decade of air monitoring, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 2538-2543.
20. Miller, R. G., Jr. (1981), Simultaneous Statistical Inference, 2nd ed., 299 pp., Springer, New York.
21. Mysak, L. A. (2001), Patterns of Arctic circulation, Science, 293, 1269-1270.
22. Polissar, A. V., P. K. Hopke, P. Paatero, W. C. Malm, and J. F. Sisler (1998a), Atmospheric aerosol over Alaska: 1. Spatial and seasonal variability, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D15), 19,035-19,044.
23. Polissar, A. V., P. K. Hopke, P. Paatero, W. C. Malm, and J. F. Sisler (1998b), Atmospheric aerosol over Alaska: 2. Elemental composition and sources, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D15), 19,045-19,057.
24. Polissar, A. V., P. K. Hopke, P. Paatero, Y. J. Kaufmann, D. K. Hall, B. A. Bodhaine, E. G. Dutton, and J. M. Harris (1999), The aerosol at Barrow, Alaska: Long term trends and source location, Atmos. Environ., 33, 2441-2458.
25. Quinn, P. K., T. L. Miller, T. S. Bates, J. A. Ogren, E. Andrews, and G. E. Shaw (2002), A 3-year record of simultaneously measured aerosol chemical and optical properties at Barrow, Alaska, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D11), 4130, doi:10.1029/2001JD001248.
26. Seibert, P., H. Kromp-Kolb, U. Baltensperger, D. T. Jost, M. Schwikowski A. Kasper, and H. Puxbaum (1994), Trajectory analysis of aerosol measurements at high alpine sites, in Proceedings of EUROTRAC Symposium 94, edited by P. M. Borell et al., pp. 689-693, SPB Acad. Publ., The Hague.
27. Sharma, S., D. Lavoue, H. Cachier, L. A. Barrie, and S. L. Gong (2004), Long-term trends of the black carbon concentrations in the Canadian Arctic, J. Geophys. Rev., 109, D15203, doi:10.1029/2003JD004331.
28. Shaw, G. E. (1988), Chemical air mass systems in Alaska, Atmos. Environ., 22, 2239-2248.
29. Sirois, A. (1997), Temporal variation of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen in ambient air in eastern Canada: 1979-1994, Tellus, Ser. B., 49, 270-291.
30. Sirois, A. (1998a), A brief overview of cluster analysis, in Proceedings of the WMO/EMEP Workshop on Advanced Statistical Methods and Their Application to Air Quality Data Sets, Helsinki, September 14-18, 1998, WMO/GAW Rep. 133, p. 25, World Meteorol. Organ., Geneva.
31. Sirois, A. (1998b), A brief and biased overview of time series analysis or how to find that evasive trend, in Proceedings of the WMO/EMEP Workshop on Advanced Statistical Methods and Their Application to Air Quality Data Sets. Helsinki, September 14-18, 1998, WMO/GAW Rep. 133, p. 139, World Meteorol. Organ., Geneva.
32. Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace (1998), The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1297-1300.
33. Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace (2000), Annular modes in the extratropical circulation, Part I: Month-to-month variability, J. Clim., 13, 1018-1036.
34. Xie, Y. L., P. K. Hopke, P. Paatero, L. A. Barrie, and S. M. Li (1999), Identification of source nature and seasonal variations of Arctic aerosol by positive matrix factorization, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 249-260.