Testing the Janzen-Connell mechanism: Pathogens cause overcompensating density dependence in a tropical tree

Ecology Letters

Volumn 13, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 1262-1269

  Bagchi, Robert ^a   Swinfield, Tom ^b   Gallery, Rachel E ^a   Lewis, Owen T ^a   Gripenberg, Sofia ^a   Narayan, Lakshmi ^a   Freckleton, Robert P ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Host pathogen interactions; Nonlinear dynamics; Plant diversity; Population dynamics; Species coexistence; Tropical forests

Indexed keywords

EID: 78149341041     PISSN: 1461023X     EISSN: 14610248     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01520.x     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Adler, F.R. & Muller-Landau, H.C. (2005). When do localized natural enemies increase species richness? Ecol. Lett., 8, 438-447.
2. Armstrong, R.A. (1989). Competition, seed predation and species coexistence. J. Theor. Biol., 141, 191-195.
3. Becker, P., Lee, L.W., Rothman, E.D. & Hamilton, W.D. (1985). Seed predation and the coexistence of tree species: Hubbell's models revisited. Oikos, 44, 382-390.
4. Bell, T., Freckleton, R.P. & Lewis, O.T. (2006). Plant pathogens drive density-dependent seedling mortality in a tropical tree. Ecol. Lett., 9, 569-574.
5. Bellows, T.S. (1981). The descriptive properties of some models for density dependence. J. Anim. Ecol., 50, 139-156.
6. Bever, J.D. (1994). Feedback between plants and their soil communities in an old field community. Ecology, 75, 1965-1977.
7. Bird, N.M. (1998). Sustaining the Yield. Improved Timber Harvesting Practices in Belize, 1992-1998. Natural Resources Institute, Chatham.
8. Buckley, Y.M., Hinz, H.L., Matthies, D. & Rees, M. (2001). Interactions between density-dependent processes population dynamics and control of an invasive plant species, Tripleurospermum perforatum (scentless chamomile). Ecol. Lett., 4, 551-558.
9. Chesson, P. (2000). Mechanisms of maintenance of species diversity. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 31, 343-366.
10. Comita, L.S., Muller-Landau, H.C., Aguilar, S. & Hubbell, S.P. (2010) Asymmetric density dependence shapes species abundances in a tropical tree community. Science, 329, 330-332.
11. Connell, J.H. (1971). On the role of natural enemies in preventing competitive exclusion in some marine animals and in rain forest trees. In: Dynamics of Numbers in Populations (eds Den Boer, P.J. & Gradwell, G.R.). PUDOC, Wageningen, The Netherlands, pp. 298-312.
12. Crone, E.E. (1997). Delayed density dependence and the stability of interacting populations and subpopulations. Theor. Popul. Biol., 51, 67-76.
13. Crone, E.E. & Taylor, D.R. (1996). Complex dynamics in experimental populations of an annual plant, Cardamine pensylvanica. Ecology, 77, 289-299.
14. Fewster, R.M., Buckland, S.T., Siriwardena, S.M., Baillie, S.R. & Wilson, J.D. (2000). Population trends for farmland birds using generalized additive models. Ecology, 81, 1970-1984.
15. Freckleton, R.P. & Lewis, O.T. (2006). Pathogens, density dependence and the coexistence of tropical trees. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, 273, 2909-2916.
16. Freckleton, R.P. & Watkinson, A.R. (2002). Are weed population dynamics chaotic? J. Appl. Ecol., 39, 699-707.
17. Gallery, R.E., Dalling, J.W. & Arnold, A.E. (2007). Diversity, host affinity, and distribution of seed-infecting fungi: a case study with Cecropia. Ecology, 88, 582-588.
18. Gilbert, G.S. & Webb, C.O. (2007). Phylogenetic signal in plant pathogen-host range. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104, 4979-4983.
19. Haldane, J.B.S. (1992). Disease and Evolution (Reprinted from La Ricerca Scientifica Supplemento, Vol. 19, Pg 1-11, 1949). Curr. Sci., 63, 599-604.
20. Harms, K.E., Wright, S.J., Calderón, O., Hernández, A. & Herre, E.A. (2000). Pervasive density-dependent recruitment enhances seedling diversity in a tropical forest. Nature, 404, 493-495.
21. Hastie, T.J. & Tibshirani, R. (1990). Generalized Additive Models. Chapman and Hall, London.
22. Hille Ris Lambers, J., Clark, J.S. & Beckage, B. (2002). Density-dependent mortality and the latitudinal gradient in species diversity. Nature, 417, 732-735.
23. Hubbell, S.P. (1980). Seed predation and the coexistence of tree species in tropical forests. Oikos, 35, 214-229.
24. Hubbell, S.P. (2001). The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
25. Hubbell, S.P., Ahumada, J.A., Condit, R. & Foster, R.B. (2001). Local neighborhood effects on long-term survival of individual trees in a neotropical forest. Ecol. Res., 16, 859-875.
26. Hutchinson, G.E. (1961). The Paradox of the plankton. Am. Nat., 95, 137-145.
27. Janzen, D.H. (1970). Herbivores and the number of tree species in tropical forests. Am. Nat., 104, 501-528.
28. Johnson, M.S. & Chaffey, D.R. (1973). An Inventory of the Chiquibul Forest Reserve, Belize. Overseas Development Administration, Surrey, UK.
29. Kira, T., Ogawa, H., Hozumi, K., Koyama, H. & Yoda, K. (1956). Intraspecific competition among higher plants V. Supplementary notes on the C-D effect. J. Inst. Polytech. Osaka City Univ. Ser. D Biol., 7, 1-14.
30. Klironomos, J.N. (2002). Feedback with soil biota contributes to plant rarity and invasiveness in communities. Nature, 417, 67-70.
31. Kuang, J.J. & Chesson, P. (2008). Predation-competition interactions for seasonally recruiting species. Am. Nat., 171, E119-E133.
32. Levins, R. (1979). Coexistence in a variable environment. Am. Nat., 114, 765-783.
33. Macarthur, R. & Levins, R. (1964). Competition, habitat selection and character selection in a patchy environment. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 51, 1207-1210.
34. Mangan, S.A., Schnitzer, S.A., Herre, E.A., Mack, K.M.L., Valencia, M.C., Sanchez, E.I. & Bever, J.D. (2010). Negative plant-soil feedback predicts tree-species relative abundance in a tropical forest. Nature, 466, 752-755.
35. Muller-Landau, H.C. & Adler, F.R. (2007). How seed dispersal affects interactions with specialized natural enemies and their contribution to the maintenance of diversity. In: Seed Dispersal: Theory and its Application in a Changing World (eds Dennis, A.J., Schupp, E.W., Green, R.J. & Westcott, D.A.). CABI Wallingford, UK, pp. 407-426.
36. Münkemüller, T., Bugmann, H. & Johst, K. (2009). Hutchinson revisited: patterns of density regulation and the coexistence of strong competitors. J. Theor. Biol., 259, 109-117.
37. Norghauer, J.M., Malcolm, J.R. & Zimmerman, B.L. (2006). Juvenile mortality and attacks by a specialist herbivore increase with conspecific adult basal area of Amazonian Swietenia macrophylla (Meliaceae). J. Trop. Ecol., 22, 451-460.
38. Pacala, S.W. (1997). Dynamics of plant communities. In: Plant Ecology (ed. Crawley, M.J.). Blackwell Science, Oxford, pp. 532-555.
39. Packer, A. & Clay, K. (2000). Soil pathogens and spatial patterns of seedling mortality in a temperate tree. Nature, 404, 278-281.
40. Petermann, J.S., Fergus, A.J.F., Turnbull, L.A. & Schmid, B. (2008). Janzen-Connell effects are widespread and strong enough to maintain diversity in grasslands. Ecology, 89, 2399-2406.
41. Rees, M. & Crawley, M.J. (1989). Growth, reproduction and population dynamics. Funct. Ecol., 3, 645-653.
42. Rees, M. & Crawley, M.J. (1991). Do plant-populations cycle. Funct. Ecol., 5, 580-582.
43. Silva Matos, D.M., Freckleton, R.P. & Watkinson, A.R. (1999). The role of density dependence in the population dynamics of a tropical palm. Ecology, 80, 2635-2650.
44. Sullivan, J.J. (2003). Density-dependent shoot-borer herbivory increases the age of first reproduction and mortality of neotropical tree saplings. Oecologia, 136, 96-106.
45. Thrall, P.H., Pacala, S.W. & Silander, J.A. (1989). Oscillatory dynamics in populations of an annual weed species Abutilon theophrasti. J. Ecol., 77, 1135-1149.
46. Varley, G.C. & Gradwell, G.R. (1960). Key factors in population studies. J. Anim. Ecol., 29, 399-401.
47. Watkinson, A.R. (1980). Density-dependence in single-species populations of plants. J. Theor. Biol., 83, 345-357.
48. Wood, S.N. (2006). Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction With R. Chapman and Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
49. Wright, S.J. (2002). Plant diversity in tropical forests: a review of mechanisms of species coexistence. Oecologia, 130, 1-14.
50. Wright, A.C.S., Romney, D.H., Arbuckle, R.H. & Vial, V.E. (1959). Land in British Honduras. H.M. Stationery Office, London.