Performance, immunity, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chicks fed dietary thyme as alternative for an antibiotic growth promoter

African Journal of Biotechnology

Volumn 9, Issue 40, 2010, Pages 6819-6825

  Toghyani, Majid ^a   Tohidi, Mohsen ^a   Gheisari, Abas Ali ^b   Tabeidian, Sayed Ali ^a  

^a ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY   (Iran)

^b Esfahan Agricultural Research Center Iran   (Iran)

Author keywords

Broiler; Growth performance; Hematology; Immunity; Serum biochemistry; Thyme

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; BAMBERMYCIN; HEMOGLOBIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLASMA PROTEIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ALBUMIN BLOOD LEVEL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL FOOD; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BROILER; CHICK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DIETARY INTAKE; ERYTHROCYTE COUNT; FOOD COMPOSITION; GROWTH STIMULATION; HEMATOCRIT; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; IMMUNE RESPONSE; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; THYME; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; WEIGHT GAIN;

AVES; THYMUS VULGARIS;

EID: 78049477309     PISSN: 16845315     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Aeschbach R, Loliger J, Scott BC, Muscia A, Butler J, Halliwell B (1994). Antioxidant action of thymol, carvacrol, 6- ginerol, zinezerone and hydroxytyrosol. Food Chem. Toxicol. 32: 31-36.
2. Ali MN, Hassan MS, Abdel-Ghany FA (2007). Effect of strain, type of natural antioxidant and sulphate on productive, physiological and hatching performance of native laying hens. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 6: 539-554.
3. Al-Kassie GAM (2009). Influence of two plant extracts derived from thyme and cinnamon on broiler performance. Pak. Vet. J. 29(4): 169-173.
4. Allen PC, Danforth HD, Augustine PC (1998). Diet modulation of avian coccidiosis. Int. J. Parasitol. 28: 1131-1140.
5. Basilico MZ, Basilico JC (1999). Inhibitory effects of some spice essential oils on Aspergillus ochraceus NRRL 3174 growth and ochratoxin A production. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 29: 238-241.
6. Bedford M (2000). Removal of antibiotic growth promoters from poultry diets: Implications and strategies to minimize subsequent problems. World's Poult. Sci. J. 56: 347-365.
7. Bolukbasi C, Erhan MK, Özkan A (2006). Effect of dietary thyme oil and vitamin E on growth, lipid oxidation, meat fatty acid composition and serum lipoproteins of broilers South Afric. J. Anim. Sci. 36(3): 189-196.
8. Case GL, He L, Mo H, Elson CE (1995). Induction of geranylPyrophos-phate pyrophosphatase activity by cholesterol suppressive isoprenoids. Lipids, 30: 357-359.
9. Ciftci M, Guler T, Gulcihani Simsek U, Nihat Ertas O, Dalkilic B, Bicer Z (2009). The effect of thymus vulgaris l. oil as growth promoter in broilers. Indian Vet. J. 86(9): 930-932
10. Cross DE, McDevitt RM, Hillman K, Acamovic T (2007). The effect of herbs and their associated essential oils on performance, dietary digestibility and gut microflora in chickens from 7 to 28 days of age. Br. Poult. Sci. 48(4): 496-506. http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713408216~db=all~tab=issueslist~branches=48.
11. Demir E, Sarica Ş, Özcan MA, Suiçmez M (2005). The use of natural feed additives as alternative to an antibiotic growth promoter in broiler diets. Arch. fur Geflugelkunde. 69(3): 110-116
12. Denli M, Okan F, Uluocak AN (2004). Effect of dietary supplementation of herb essential oils on the growth performance, carcass and intestinal characteristics of quail. South Africa. J. Anim. Sci. 34(3): 174-179.
13. Ferket PR (2004). Alternatives to antibiotics in poultry production: Responses, practical experience and recommendations. In: Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industries. Lyons TP, Jacques KA (eds). Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK. pp. 57-67.
14. Ganong WF (1999). Review of Medical Physiology. 19th ed. Stanford, Connecticut, Appleton and Lange, p. 353.
15. Gross WB, Sigel PS (1983). Evaluation of heterophil to lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chickens. Avian. Dis. 27: 972-979.
16. Helander IM, Alakomi HL, Latva-Kala K, Mattila-Sandholm T, Pol I, Smid EJ, Gorris LGM, Von-Wright A (1998). Characterization of the action of selected essential oil components on Gram-negative bacteria. J. Agric. Food Chem. 46: 3590-3595.
17. Hernandez F, Madrid J, Garcia V, Orengo J, Megias MD (2004). Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. Poult. Sci. 83: 169-174.
18. Juhás Š, Bujňáková D, Rehák P, ikoš Š, Czikková S, Veselá J, I ková G, Koppel J (2008). Anti-Inflammatory effects of thyme essential oil in mice. Acta Vet. Brno. 77: 327-334.
19. Kececi O, Oguz H, Kurtoglu V, Demet Ö (1998). Effects of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, synthetic zeolite and bentonite on serum biochemical and haematological characters of broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis. Br. Poult. Sci. 39: 452-458.
20. Langhout P (2000). New additives for broiler chickens. World Poult. Elsevier, 16(3): 22-27.
21. Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert HJ, Frehner M, Losa R, Beynen AC (2003a). Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 44: 450-457.
22. Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert HJ, Frehner M, Losa R, Beynen AC (2003b). Dietary Carvacrol lowers body weight gain but improves feed conversion in female broiler chickens. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 12: 394-399.
23. Nascimento GGF, Locatelli J, Freitas PC, Silva GL (2000). Antibacterial activity of plant extracts and phytochemicals on antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Brazil. J. Microbiol. 31(4): 247-256.
24. Nilforoushzadeh MA, Shirani-Bidabadi L, Zolfaghari-Baghbaderani A, Saberi S, Siadat AH, Mahmoudi M (2008). Comparison of Thymus vulgaris (Thyme), Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) and propolis hydroalcoholic extracts versus systemic glucantime in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in balb/c mice. J. Vector Borne Dis. 45: 301-306.
25. Ocak N, Erener G, Burak AkF, Sungu M, Altop A, Ozmen A (2008). Performance of broilers fed diets supplemented with dry peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) or thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) leaves as growth promoter source. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 53(4): 169-175.
26. Radwan NL, Hassan RA, Qota EM, Fayek HM (2008). Effect of natural antioxidant on oxidative stability of eggs and productive and reproductive performance of laying hens. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 7: 134-150.
27. Ross Broiler Manual (2002). Available on www.Aviagen.com
28. Sarica S, Ciftci A, Demir E, Kilinc K, Yildirim Y (2005). Use of an antibiotic growth promoter and two herbal natural feed additives with and without exogenous enzymes in wheat based broiler diets. South Africa. J. Anim. Sci. 35(1): 61-72.
29. SAS Institute (1997). SAS Users Guide. Version 6.12 review edition, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
30. Skandamis PN, Nychas GJE (2001). Effect of oregano essential oil on microbiological and physico-chemical attributes of minced meat stored in air and modified atmospheres. J. Appl. Microbiol. 91: 1011-1022.
31. Twetman S, Peterson LG (1997). Effect of different chlorhexidine varnish regimens on mutant streptococci levels in interdental plaque and saliva. Caries Res. 31:189-193.
32. Vincent HV (2002). Carvacrol and thymol reduce swine waste odour and pathogens stability of oils. Curr. Microbiol. 44: 38-43.
33. Visek WJ (1978). The mode of growth promotion by antibiotics. J. Anim. Sci. 46: 1447-1469.
34. Wegmann TG, Smithies O (1966). A simple hemagglutination system requiring small amounts of red blood cells and antibodies. Transf. 6: 67-73.
35. Zhang KY, Yan F, Keen CA, Waldroup PW (2005). Evaluation of microencapsulated essential oils and organic acids in diets for broiler chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 4(9): 612-619.