Preparation and nutritional composition of a weaning food formulated from germinated sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Steamed Cooked Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Walp.)

American Journal of Food Technology

Volumn 6, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 413-421

  Elemo, G N ^a   Elemo, B O ^b   Okafor, J N C ^a  

^a FEDERAL INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH   (Nigeria)

^b LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY   (Nigeria)

Author keywords

Amylase activity; Chemical score; Minerals; RDA; Supplementary food; Vitamin

Indexed keywords

AMYLASE ACTIVITY; ASCORBIC ACIDS; BETA CAROTENE; ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS; IRON CONTENT; MINERAL CONTENT; NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITIONS; NUTRITIONAL VALUE; PROTEIN CONTENTS; PROXIMATE COMPOSITIONS; RDA; RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCES; REFERENCE PATTERNS; SORGHUM BICOLOR; SORGHUM FLOUR; SUPPLEMENTARY FOODS; VIGNA UNGUICULATA; VITAMIN A;

AMYLASES; CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION; HYDROLASES; KETONES; MINERALS; ORGANIC ACIDS; PHOSPHORUS; SULFUR;

AMINO ACIDS;

SORGHUM BICOLOR; VIGNA UNGUICULATA;

EID: 78049476748     PISSN: 15574571     EISSN: 1557458X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3923/ajft.2011.413.421     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Achinewhu, S.C., 1987. Protein quality of evaluation of weaning food mixtures from indigenous fermented foods. J. Nutr. Sci, 8: 23-30.
2. Adeyemi, I.A., A. Komolafe and A.O. Akindele, 1989. Properties of steamed blanched maize flour as constituent of weaning food. J. Food Process. Perserv., 3: 133-144.
3. AOAC, 1980. Official Methods of Analysis. In: Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Horwitz, W. (Ed.). AOAC, Washington, DC., pp: 281.
4. AOAC, 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC., USA., pp: 200-210.
5. Chen, L.H., E.C. Wells and J.R. Fordhand, 1975. Germinated seeds for human consumption. J. Food Sci., 40: 1290-1294.
6. Chrispeels, M.J. and J.E. Varner, 1967. Determination of amylase activity in germinated grains. Food Nutr. Bull. Suppl, 9: 293-306.
7. Correia, I., A. Nunes, A.S. Barros and I. Delgadillo, 2008. Protein profile and malt activities during sorghum germination. J. Sci. Food Agric., 88: 2598-2605.
8. Desikachar, H.S.R., 1981. Development of weaning foods with high calorie density and low hot paste viscosity using traditional technologies. Food Nutr. Bull, 2: 21-23.
9. Ebrahim, G.J., 1983. Energy content of weaning foods. J. Trop. Pediatries, 27: 194-195.
10. Elkhalifa, A.E.O. and R. Bernhardt, 2010. Influence of grain germination on functional properties of sorghum flour. Food Chem., 121: 387-392.
11. Hamilton, M.J. and J. Vanderstoep, 1979. Germination and nutrient composition of alfalfa seeds. J. Food Sci., 44: 443-445.
12. Hsu, D., H.K. Leung, P.L. Finney and M.M. Morad, 1980. Effect of germination on nutritive value and baking properties of dry peas, lentils and faba beans. J. Food Sci, 45: 87-92.
13. Ijarotimi O.S. and J.A.Y. Famurewa 2006. Assessment of chemical composition of soybeans supplemented weaning foods and nutritional knowledge of Nursing mothers on their utilizations. Pak. J. Nutr, 5: 218-223.
14. Inyang C.U. and E.E. Offiong, 2010. Effect of storage temperature on microbial safety of ogi. Nig. Food J., 28: 85-92.
15. Lorenz, K., 1980. Cereal sprouts: Composition, nutritive value, food applications. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 13: 353-385.
16. Luhila, F. and P. Chipulu, 1987. High energy, low bulk weaning food development in Zambia. Proceedings of the 1988 Conference on Improving Young Child feeding in Eastern and Southern Africa: Household Level Food Technology, Oct. 12-16, Nairobi, KE., Ottawa International Development Centre, pp: 322-329.
17. Malleshi, N.G., M.A. Daodu and A. Chandrasekhar, 1989. Development of weaning food formulations based on malting and roller drying of sorghum and cowpea. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol, 24: 511-519.
18. Marero, L.M., E.M. Payumo, A.R. Aguinald and S. Homma, 1988. Nutritional characteristics of weaning foods prepared from germinated cereals and legumes. J. Food Sci, 53: 1399-1402.
19. Njoki, P. and J.F. Fallar, 2001. Developed of an extended plantain/corn/soy weaning food. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol, 36: 415-423.
20. Nnam, N.M., 2000. Evaluation of the effect of sprouting on the viscosity, proximate composition and mineral content of hungry rice (Digitaria exilis) flour. Nig. Food J, 18: 57-62.
21. Okafor, J.N.C., A.U. Ozumba, V.T. Olonade and O.O. Olatunji, 2005. Sensory characteristics and acceptability of weaning foods from local raw material. Proceedings of the 39th NIFST Annual Conference, Nov. 11-13, Abakaliki, Nigeria, pp: 197-199.
22. Okafor, J.N.C. and A.U. Ozumba, 2006. Cassava-Based Weaning Foods. In: Cassava Production, Processing and Utilization, Howeler, R.H. (Ed.). Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, pp: 129-125.
23. Okafor, J.N.C., A.U. Ozumba, T. Osibanjo, L.I. Onu, A.M. Daodu and O.O. Olatunji, 2008. Chemical microbial and sensory properties of weaning foods from blend of Nigerian food stuff. J. Ind. Res. Technol., 2: 31-36.
24. Okoli, E.V., B.N. Okolo, A.N. Moneke and F.S. Ire, 2010. Effect of cultivar and germination time on Amylolytic potential, Extract yield and wort fermenting properties of malting sorghum. Asian J. Biotechnol., 2: 14-26.
25. Oloya, R.A., 2004. Chemical and nutritional changes in germinating seeds of Cajanus cajan L. Food Chem., 85: 497-502.
26. Onofiok, N.O. and D.O. Nranyelugo, 1998. Weaning foods in west Africa: Nutritional problem and possible solutions. Food Nutr. Bull., 19: 27-33.
27. Ozumba, A.U., O.O. Olatunji and J.A. Odunfa, 2002. Development and quality evaluation of semi-instant home-made weaning food. J. Applied Sci., 5: 3124-3138.
28. PAG, 1971. Guidelines on Protein-Rich Mixture for use in Weaning Foods. Protein Advisory Group, New York, pp: 50.
29. Pedersen, B., L. Hausen, C. Munck and N. Egun, 1989. Weaning foods with improved energy and nutrient density, prepared from germinated cereals. 2. Nutritional evaluation of gruels based on barley. Food Nutr. Bull., 11: 46-52.
30. Roe, J.H. and J.M. Hall, 1939. The vitamin C content of human urine and its determination though the 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivative of dehydro-ascorbic acid. J. Biol. Chem., 128: 329-337.
31. SON, 1988. Standard for Foods for Infants and Children: Infant Formula. Nigeria Industrial Standard, Nigeria.
32. Samia, M.A., B.E. Hagir, H.L. Wisal, B.H. Amro, E.B. Elfadil and H.E. Abdullahi, 2007. Antinutritional factors content and hydrochloric acid extractability of minerals in pearl millet cultivars as affected by germination. Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr., 58: 6-17.
33. Sato, H., T. Seino, T. Kobayashi, A. Murai and Y. Yugari, 1984. Determination of the tryptophan content of feed and foodstuffs by ion exchange liquid chromatography. Agric. Biol. Chem., 48: 2961-2969.
34. Snell, F.D. and C.T. Snell, 1953. Colometric Method of Analysis. 3rd Edn., Dvan Nastrand Company Inc., New York, pp: 31-35.
35. Sulieman, M.A., M.M. ElTyeb, M.A. Abbass, E.E.A. Ibrahim, EE. Babiker and A.H. ElTinay, 2007. Changes in chemical composition, phytate, phytase activity and minerals extractability of sprouted lentil cultivars. J. Boil. Sci., 7: 776-780.
36. Ugwu, F.M., 2009. The potentials of roots and tubers as weaning foods. Pak. J. Nutr., 8: 1701-1705.
37. Wang, Y.D. and M.L. Field, 1978. Germination of corn and sorghum in the home to improve nutritive value. J. Food Sci., 43: 1113-1115.
38. WHO, 2000. Nutrition for health and development: A global agenda for combating malnutrition. Progress Report, World Health Organization. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2000/WHO_NHD_00.6.pdf.