The Changing Landscapes of the Earliest Human Occupation of Britain and Europe

Developments in Quaternary Science

Volumn 14, Issue C, 2011, Pages 1-10

  Stringer, Chris ^a  

^a DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SCIENCES   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

AHOB; Britain; Human evolution; Palaeolithic; Pleistocene

Indexed keywords

EID: 78049466551     PISSN: 15710866     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53597-9.00001-7     Document Type: Book

References (80)

1. Aguirre E. Atapuerca (Burgos, Northern Spain)-potential, progress and questions. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 2007, 259:111-120.
2. Agustí J., Oms O., Parés J.M. Biostratigraphy, paleomagnetism and geology of the Orce ravine (Southern Spain). Comment on the paper by Gibert et al. (2006). Quaternary Science Reviews 2007, 26:568-572.
3. The early evolution of Man 1984, Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 69. P. Andrews, J.L. Franzen (Eds.).
4. Andrews P., Fernandez Jalvo Y. Surface modifications of the Sima de los Huesos fossil humans. Journal of Human Evolution 1997, 33:191-217.
5. Westbury Cave-The Natural History Museum Excavations 1976-1984 1999, Western Academic and Specialist Press, Bristol. P. Andrews, J. Cook, A.P. Currant, C.B. Stringer (Eds.).
6. Ashton N.M., Parfitt S.A., Lewis S.G., Coope G.R., Larkin N.R. Happisburgh Site 1 (TG388307). The Quaternary of Northern East Anglia. Field Guide 2008, 151-156. Quaternary Research Association, London. I. Candy, J.R. Lee, A.M. Harrison (Eds.).
7. The Sima de los Huesos hominid site 1997, 105-421. Journal of Human Evolution 33. J.L. Arsuaga, J.M. Bermudez de Castro, E. Carbonell (Eds.).
8. Arzarello M., Marcolini F., Pavia G., Pavia M., Petronio C., Petrucci M., Rook L., Sardella R. Evidence of earliest human occurrence in Europe: The site of Pirro Nord (Southern Italy). Naturwissenschaften 2007, 94:107-112.
9. Bermúdez de Castro J.M., Martinón-Torres M., Carbonell E., Sarmiento S., Rosas A., van der Made J., Lozano M. The Atapuerca sites and their contribution to the knowledge of human evolution in Europe. Evolutionary Anthropology 2004, 13:24-41.
10. Gran Dolina Site: TD6 Aurora Stratum (Burgos, Spain) 1999, 309-700. Journal of Human Evolution 37. J.M. Bermúdez de Castro, E. Carbonell, J.L. Arsuaga (Eds.).
11. Bermúdez de Castro J.M., Martinón-Torres M., Sarmiento S., Lozano M. Gran Dolina-TD6 versus Sima de los Huesos dental samples from Atapuerca: Evidence of discontinuity in the European Pleistocene population?. Journal of Archaeological Science 2003, 30:1421-1428.
12. Bermúdez de Castro J.M., Pérez-González A., Martinón-Torres M., Gómez-Robles A., Rosell J., Prado L., Sarmiento S., Carbonell E. A new early Pleistocene hominin mandible from Atapuerca-TD6, Spain. Journal of Human Evolution 2008, 55:729-735.
13. Bischoff J.L., Shamp D.D., Aramburu A., Arsuaga J.L., Carbonell E., Bermudez de Castro J.M. The Sima de los Huesos hominids date to beyond U/Th equilibrium (>350kyr) and perhaps to 400-500kyr: New radiometric dates. Journal of Archaeological Science 2003, 30:275-280.
14. Bischoff J.L., Williams R.W., Rosenbauer R.J., Aramburu A., Arsuaga J.L., Garcia N., Cuenca-Bescos G. High-resolution U-series dates from the Sima de los Huesos hominids yields 600 +∞/-66 kyrs: Implications for the evolution of the early Neanderthal lineage. Journal of Archaeological Science 2007, 34:763-770.
15. Bishop M.J. Earliest record of Man's presence in Britain. Nature 1975, 233:95-97.
16. Boule M., Vallois H. Les hommes fossiles 1952, Masson, Paris.
17. Bowen D.Q., Reeves A., Sykes G.A., Miller G.H., Andrews J.T. Amino acid framework for the British marine Pleistocene. Quaternary Science Reviews 1986, 4:279-318.
18. Bridgland D.R., Schreve D.C., Keen D.H., Meyrick R.A., Westaway R. Biostratigraphical correlation between the late Quaternary sequence of the Thames and key fluvial localities in Central Germany. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 2004, 115:125-140.
19. Candy I. Climate change and Human occupation during the early Middle Pleistocene: The terrestrial record of Britain. First Workshop of AHOB2: Ancient Human Occupation of Britain and its European Context 2007, 37-38. AHOB, London. C.B. Stringer, S.M. Bello (Eds.).
20. Carbonell E., Bermudez de Castro J.M., Arsuaga J.L., Allue E., Bastir M., Benito A., Cáceres I., Canals T., Diez J.C., van der Made J., Mosquera M., Olle A., Perez-Gonzalez A., Rodriguez J., Rodriguez X.P., Rosas A., Rosell J., Sala R., Vallverdu J., Verges J.M. An Early Pleistocene Hominin Mandible from Atapuerca-TD6, Spain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2005, 102:5674-5678.
21. Carbonell E., Bermúdez de Castro J.M., Parés J.M., Pérez-González A., Cuenca-Bescós G., Ollé A., Mosquera M., Huguet R., van der Made J., Rosas A., Sala R., Vallverdú J., García N., Granger D.E., Martinón-Torres M., Rodríguez X.P., Stock G.M., Vergès J.M., Allué E., Burjachs F., Cáceres I., Canals A., Benito A., Díez C., Lozano M., Mateos A., Navazo M., Rodríguez J., Rosell J., Arsuaga J.L. The first hominin of Europe. Nature 2008, 452:465-469.
22. Carbonell E., Mosquera M. The emergence of a symbolic behaviour: The sepulchral pit of Sima de los Huesos, Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain. Comptes Rendus Palevol 2006, 5:155-160.
23. Currant A.P., Jacobi R.M. A formal mammalian biostratigraphy for the Late Pleistocene of Britain. Quaternary Science Reviews 2001, 20:1707-1716.
24. Dennell R.W., Roebroeks W. An Asian perspective on early human dispersal from Africa. Nature 2005, 438:1099-1104.
25. Endicott P., Ho S., Stringer C. Using genetic evidence to evaluate four palaeoanthropological hypotheses for the timing of Neanderthal and modern human origins. Journal of Human Evolution 2010, 59:87-95.
26. Fernandez Jalvo Y., Andrews P. Experimental effects of water abrasion on bone fragments. Journal of Taphonomy 2003, 1:147-163.
27. Gabunia L., Antón S.C., Lordkipanidze D., Vekua A., Justus A., Swisher C.C. Dmanisi and dispersal. Evolutionary Anthropology 2001, 10:158-170.
28. Geyh M.A., Müller H. Numerical 230Th/U dating and a palynological review of the Holsteinian/Hoxnian Interglacial. Quaternary Science Reviews 2005, 24:1861-1872.
29. Gibert L., Scott G., Ferràndez-Cañadell C. Evaluation of the Olduvai subchron in the Orce ravine (SE Spain). Quaternary Science Reviews 2007, 26:573-576.
30. Green R.E., Krause J., Briggs A.W., Maricic T., Stenzel U., Kircher M., Patterson N., Li H., Zhai W., Fritz M.H., Hansen N.F., Durand E.Y., Malaspinas A.S., Jensen J.D., Marques-Bonet T., Alkan C., Prüfer K., Meyer M., Burbano H.A., Good J.M., Schultz R., Aximu-Petri A., Butthof A., Höber B., Höffner B., Siegemund M., Weihmann A., Nusbaum C., Lander E.S., Russ C., Novod N., Affourtit J., Egholm M., Verna C., Rudan P., Brajkovic D., Kucan Z., Gusic I., Doronichev V.B., Golovanova L.V., Lalueza-Fox C., de la Rasilla M., Fortea J., Rosas A., Schmitz R.W., Johnson P.L., Eichler E.E., Falush D., Birney E., Mullikin J.C., Slatkin M., Nielsen R., Kelso J., Lachmann M., Reich D., Pääbo S. A draft sequence of the Neandertal genome. Science 2010, 328:680-684.
31. Green R.E., Krause J., Ptak S.E., Briggs A.W., Ronan M.T., Simons J.F., Du L., Egholm M., Rothberg J.M., Paunovic M., Pääbo S. Analysis of one million base pairs of Neanderthal DNA. Nature 2006, 444:330-336.
32. Green R.E., Malaspinas A.-S., Krause J., Briggs A.W., Johnson P.L.F., Uhler C., Meyer M., Good J.M., Maricic T., Stenzel U., Prüfer K., Siebauer M., Burbano H.A., Ronan M., Rothberg J.M., Egholm M., Rudan D., Brajković P., Kućan Ž., Gušić I., Wikström M., Laakkonen L., Kelso J., Slatkin M., Pääbo S. A complete Neandertal mitochondrial genome sequence determined by high-throughput sequencing. Cell 2008, 134:416-426.
33. Harvati, K., in press. Petralona: Link between Africa and Europe? In: Schepartz, L., Bourbou, C., Fox, S. (Eds.), New Directions in the Skeletal Biology of Greece. Wiener Laboratory Series, ASCSA, Athens.
34. Hays J., Imbrie J., Shackleton N.J. Variations in the earth's orbit: Pacemaker of the Ice Ages. Science 1976, 194:1121-1132.
35. Hublin J.-J. Les presapiens européens. L'Homme de Néandertal 3-L'anatomie 1988, 75-80. ERAUL 30, Liège. E. Trinkaus (Ed.).
36. Kappelman J., Alçiçek M.C., Kazanci M., Schultz M., Özkul M., Şen Ş. First Homo erectus from Turkey and implications for migrations into temperate Eurasia. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 2007, 135:110-116.
37. Keith A. A resurvey of the anatomical features of the Piltdown Skull, with some observations on the recently discovered Swanscombe Skull. Journal of Anatomy 1938, 73(135-185):234-254.
38. Lee J.R., Rose J., Candy I., Barendregt R.W. Sea-level changes, river activity, soil development and glaciation around the western margins of the southern North Sea Basin during the Early and early Middle Pleistocene: Evidence from Pakefield, Suffolk, UK. Journal of Quaternary Science 2005, 21:155-179.
39. Lee J.R., Rose J., Hamblin R.J.O., Moorlock B.S.P. Dating the earliest lowland glaciation of eastern England: A pre-MIS 12 early Middle Pleistocene Happisburgh glaciation. Quaternary Science Reviews 2004, 23:1551-1566.
40. The Palaeolithic Occupation of Europe: In Memory of John J. Wymer 1928-2006 2006, 421-584. Journal of Quaternary Science 21. S.G. Lewis, N.M. Ashton (Eds.).
41. Lordkipanidze D., Jashashvili T., Vekua A., Ponce de Leon M.S., Zollikofer C.P., Rightmire G.P., Pontzer H., Ferring R., Oms O., Tappen M., Bukhsianidze M., Agusti J., Kahlke R., Kiladze G., Martinez-Navarro B., Mouskhelishvili A., Nioradze M., Rook L. Postcranial evidence from early Homo from Dmanisi, Georgia. Nature 2007, 449:305-310.
42. Lozano M., Bermúdez de Castro J.M., Carbonell E., Arsuaga J.L. Non-masticatory uses of anterior teeth of Sima de los Huesos individuals (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). Journal of Human Evolution 2008, 55:713-728.
43. Muttoni G., Scardia G., Kent D.V., Swisher C.C., Manzi G. Pleistocene magnetochronology of early hominin sites at Ceprano and Fontana Ranuccio, Italy. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2009, 286:255-268.
44. Martinón-Torres M., Bermúdez de Castro J.M., Gómez-Robles A., Arsuaga J.L., Carbonell E., Lordkipanidze D., Manzi G., Margvelashvili A. Dental evidence on the hominin dispersals during the Pleistocene. Proceedings of the Natural Academy of Sciences 2007, 104:13279-13282.
45. McNabb J. The British Lower Palaeolithic: Stones in Contention 2007, Routledge, London.
46. Central Germany (Thuringia). Field Guide 2002, Quaternary Research Association, London. R. Meyrick, D.C. Schreve (Eds.).
47. A Correlation of Quaternary Deposits in the British Isles 1973, Geological Society of London Special Report 4. G.F. Mitchell, L.F. Penny, F.W. Shotton, R.G. West (Eds.).
48. Noonan J., Coop G., Kudaravalli S., Smith D., Krause J., Alessi J., Chen F., Platt D., Pääbo S., Pritchard J., Rubin E. Sequencing and analysis of Neanderthal Genomic DNA. Science 2006, 314:1113-1118.
49. Oakley K.P., Andrews P., Keeley L.H., Clark J.D. A reappraisal of the Clacton spearpoint. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 1977, 43:13-30.
50. Parfitt S.A. A butchered bone from Norfolk: Evidence for very early human presence in Britain. Archaeology International 2005, 8:15-18.
51. Parfitt S.A., Ashton N.M., Lewis S.G., Abel R., Coope G.R., Field M.H., Gale R., Hoare P.G., Larkin N.R., Lewis M.D., Karloukovski V., Maher B.A., Peglar S.M., Preece R.C., Whittaker J.E., C.B.Stringer Early Pleistocene human occupation at the edge of the boreal zone in northern Europe. Nature 2010, 466:229-233.
52. Parfitt S.A., Barendregt R.W., Breda M., Candy I., Collins M.J., Coope G.R., Durbidge P., Field M.H., Lee J.R., Lister A.M., Mutch R., Penkman K.E.H., Preece R.C., Rose J., Stringer C.B., Symmons R., Whittaker J.E., Wymer J.J., Stuart A.J. The earliest record of human activity in northern Europe. Nature 2005, 438:1008-1012.
53. Penkman K.E.H., Preece R.C., Keen D.H., Maddy D., Schreve D.C., Collins M.J. Testing the aminostratigraphy of fluvial archives: The evidence from intra-crystalline proteins within freshwater shells. Quaternary Science Reviews 2007, 26:2958-2969.
54. Preece R.C., Gowlett J.A.J., Parfitt S.A., Bridgland D.R., Lewis S.G. Humans in the Hoxnian: Habitat, context and fire use at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, UK. Journal of Quaternary Science 2006, 21:485-496.
55. Preece R.C., Parfitt S.A., Coope G.R., Penkman K.E.H., Ponel P., Whittaker J.E. Biostratigraphic and aminostratigraphic constraints on the age of the Middle Pleistocene glacial succession in north Norfolk, UK. Journal of Quaternary Science 2009, 24:557-580.
56. Rhodes J.A., Churchill S.A. online. Throwing in the Middle and Upper Paleolithic: Inferences from an analysis of humeral retroversion. Journal of Human Evolution. 2008, 10.1016/j.jhevol. 2008.08.022M.
57. Rightmire G.P. Human evolution in the Middle Pleistocene: The role of Homo heidelbergensis. Evolutionary Anthropology 1998, 6:218-227.
58. Rightmire G.P., Lordkipanidze D., Vekua A. Anatomical descriptions, comparative studies and evolutionary significance of the hominin skulls from Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia. Journal of Human Evolution 2006, 50:115-141.
59. Boxgrove: A Middle Pleistocene Hominid Site at Eartham Quarry, Boxgrove, West Sussex 1999, English Heritage Archaeological Report 17, London. M.B. Roberts, S.A. Parfitt (Eds.).
60. Roebroeks W. Hominid behaviour and the earliest occupation of Europe: An exploration. Journal of Human Evolution 2001, 41:437-461.
61. Roebroeks W. Life on the Costa del Cromer. Nature 2005, 438:921-922.
62. Roebroeks W., van Kolfschoten T. The earliest occupation of Europe: A short chronology. Antiquity 1994, 68:489-503.
63. Rosas A., Bermúdez de Castro J.M. On the taxonomic affinities of the Dmanisi mandible (Georgia). American Journal of Physical Anthropology 1998, 107:145-162.
64. Schreve D.C. Differentiation of the British late Middle Pleistocene interglacials: The evidence from mammalian biostratigraphy. Quaternary Science Reviews 2001, 20:1693-1705.
65. The Quaternary Mammals of Southern and Eastern England. Field Guide 2004, Quaternary Research Association, London. D.C. Schreve (Ed.).
66. Scott G.R., Gibert Ll., Gibert J. Magnetostratigraphy of the Orce region (Baza Basin), SE Spain: New chronologies for Early Pleistocene faunas and hominid occupation sites. Quaternary Science Reviews 2007, 26:415-435.
67. Silva B.N., Rose J. The Cromerian landscape: Environments of Europe's earliest inhabitants. First Workshop of AHOB2: Ancient Human Occupation of Britain and its European Context 2007, 38-39. AHOB, London. C.B. Stringer, S.M. Bello (Eds.).
68. Stringer C.B. Some further notes on the morphology and dating of the Petralona hominid. Journal of Human Evolution 1983, 12:731-742.
69. Stringer C.B. A neglected Middle Pleistocene comparison for the Bilzingsleben hominid material. Ethnographisch-Archäologische Zeitschrift 1989, 30:492-496.
70. Stringer C.B. Modern human origins-Progress and prospects. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 2002, 357:563-579.
71. Stringer C.B. Homo Britannicus 2007, Penguin, London.
72. Stringer C.B. Population relationships of later Pleistocene hominids: a multivariate study of available crania. Journal of Archaeological Science 1974, 1:317-342.
73. Stringer C.B., Trinkaus E., Roberts M.B., Parfitt S.A., Macphail R. The Middle Pleistocene human tibia from Boxgrove. Journal of Human Evolution 1998, 34:509-547.
74. Stuart A.J. Pleistocene Vertebrates in the British Isles 1982, Longman, London.
75. Sutcliffe A.J. On the Track of Ice Age Mammals 1985, British Museum (Natural History), London.
76. Thieme H. Lower Paleolithic hunting spears from Germany. Nature 1997, 385:807-810.
77. Vlček E., Mania D., Mania U. A new find of a Middle Pleistocene mandible from Bilzingsleben, Germany. Naturwissenschaften 2000, 87:264-265.
78. Weaver T.D., Roseman C.C., Stringer C.B. Close correspondence between quantitative- and molecular-genetic divergence times for Neandertals and modern humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008, 105:4645-4649.
79. Weiner J., Campbell B. The taxonomic status of the Swanscombe skull. The Swanscombe skull 1964, 175-209. Royal Anthropological Institute, London. C.D. Ovey (Ed.).
80. Wenban-Smith F.F., Allen P., Bates M.R., Parfitt S.A., Preece R.C., Stewart J.R., Turner C., Whittaker J.E. The Clactonian elephant butchery site at Southfleet Road, Ebbsfleet, UK. Journal of Quaternary Science 2006, 21:471-483.