Evaluating the acute effects of oral, non-combustible potential reduced exposure products marketed to smokers

Tobacco Control

Volumn 19, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 367-373

  Cobb, C O ^a   Weaver, M F ^a   Eissenberg, T ^a  

^a VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON MONOXIDE; NICOTINE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CHEMISTRY; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFECT; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMAN; MALE; MARKETING; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; SMOKELESS TOBACCO; SMOKING; TOBACCO DEPENDENCE; TOBACCO INDUSTRY; UNITED STATES; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CARBON MONOXIDE; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMANS; MALE; MARKETING; MIDDLE AGED; NICOTINE; SMOKING; SUBSTANCE WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; TOBACCO INDUSTRY; TOBACCO USE DISORDER; TOBACCO, SMOKELESS; UNITED STATES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 77958539015     PISSN: 09644563     EISSN: 14683318     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/tc.2008.028993     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Lakier JB. Smoking and cardiovascular disease. Am J Med 1992;93:8S-12S.
2. Hoffmann D, Hoffmann I. Tobacco consumption and lung cancer. Cancer Treat Res 1995;72:1-42.
3. Critchley J, Capewell S. Smoking cessation for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(4):CD003041.
4. Schroeder SA. What to do with a patient who smokes. JAMA 2005;294:482-7.
5. Benowitz NL. Neurobiology of nicotine addiction: implications for smoking cessation treatment. Am J Med 2008;121:S3-10.
6. Hughes JR, Hatsukami D. Signs and symptoms of tobacco withdrawal. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:289-94.
7. Allen SS, Bade T, Hatsukami D, et al. Craving, withdrawal, and smoking urges on days immediately prior to smoking relapse. Nicotine Tob Res 2008;10:35-45.
8. Piasecki TM, Jorenby DE, Smith SS, et al. Smoking withdrawal dynamics: II. Improved tests of withdrawalerelapse relations. J Abnorm Psychol 2003;112:14-27.
9. United States Department of Health and Human Services. The health consequences of smoking: a report of the surgeon general. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2004.
10. Hughes JR, Gulliver SB, Fenwick JW, et al. Smoking cessation among self-quitters. Health Psychol 1992;11:331-4.
11. Stratton K, Shetty P, Wallace R, et al, eds. Clearing the smoke: the science base for tobacco harm reduction. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001.
12. Warner KE. Tobacco harm reduction: promise and perils. Nicotine Tob Res 2002;4: S61-71.
13. National Cancer Institute. Risks associated with smoking cigarettes with low tar machine-measured yield of tar and nicotine: a report of the NCI expert committee. Bethesda, MD: United States Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, 2001.
14. Buchhalter AR, Schrinel L, Eissenberg T. Withdrawal-suppressing effects of a novel smoking system: comparison with own brand, not own brand, and de-nicotinized cigarettes. Nicotine Tob Res 2001;3:111-18.
15. Hughes JR, Keely JP. The effect of a novel smoking systemdAccorddon ongoing smoking and toxin exposure. Nicotine Tob Res 2004;6:1021-7.
16. Breland AB, Evans SE, Buchhalter AR, et al. Acute effects of Advance: a potential reduced exposure product for smokers. Tob Control 2002;11:376-8.
17. Breland AB, Buchhalter AR, Evans SE, et al. Evaluating acute effects of potential reduced-exposure products for smokers: clinical laboratory methodology. Nicotine Tob Res 2002;4:S131-40.
18. Breland AB, Kleykamp BA, Eissenberg T. Clinical laboratory evaluation of potential reduced exposure products for smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2006;8:727-38.
19. Acosta MC, Buchhalter AR, Breland AB, et al. Urine cotinine as an index of smoking status in abstinent smokers: comparison of GC/MS with immunoassay test strip. Nicotine Tob Res 2004;6:615-20.
20. Blank MD, Sams C, Weaver MF, et al. Nicotine delivery, cardiovascular profile, and subjective effects of an oral tobacco product for smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2008;10:417-21.
21. Kotlyar M, Mendoza-Baumgart MI, Li ZZ, et al. Nicotine pharmacokinetics and subjective effects of three potential reduced exposure products, moist snuff and nicotine lozenge. Tob Control 2007;16:138-42.
22. Stepanov I, Jensen J, Hatsukami D, et al. New and traditional smokeless tobacco: comparison of toxicant and carcinogen levels. Nicotine Tob Res 2008;10:1773-82.
23. Choi JH, Dresler CM, Norton MR, et al. Pharmacokinetics of a nicotine polacrilex lozenge. Nicotine Tob Res 2003;5:635-44.
24. Woodman G, Wintoniuk DM, Taylor RG, et al. Time course of end-expired carbon monoxide concentration is important in studies of cigarette smoking. Clin Sci 1987;73:553-5.
25. Cox LS, Tiffany ST, Christen AG. Evaluation of the brief questionnaire of smoking urges (QSU-brief) in laboratory and clinical settings. Nicotine Tob Res 2001;3:7-16.
26. Evans SE, Blank M, Sams C, et al. Transdermal nicotine-induced tobacco abstinence symptoms suppression: nicotine dose and smokers' gender. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2006;14:121-35.
27. Foulds J, Stapleton J, Feyerabend C, et al. Effects of transdermal nicotine patches on cigarette smoking: a double blind crossover study. Psychopharmacology 1992;106:421-7.
28. Pickworth WB, Bunker EB, Henningfield JE. Transdermal nicotine: reduction of smoking with minimal abuse liability. Psychopharmacology 1994;115:9-14.
29. Huynh H, Feldt LS. Estimation of the box correction for degrees of freedom from sample data in a randomized block and split-plot designs. J Educ Behav Stat 1976;1:69-82.
30. Keppel G. Design and analysis: a researcher's handbook. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991.
31. Strasser AA, Lerman C, Sanborn PM, et al. New lower nicotine cigarettes can produce compensatory smoking and increased carbon monoxide exposure. Drug Alcohol Depend 2007;86:294-300.
32. Gray JN, Breland AB, Weaver MF, et al. Potential reduced exposure products (PREPs) for smokeless tobacco users: clinical evaluation methodology. Nicotine Tob Res 2008;10:1441-8.